CN101830560A - Preparation method of short-cut nitrification and denitrification granular sludge in high Do condition - Google Patents
Preparation method of short-cut nitrification and denitrification granular sludge in high Do condition Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention proposes a preparation method of short-cut nitrification and denitrification granular sludge in high Do condition, which belongs to the technical field of waste water biological treatment. The short-cut nitrification and denitrification granular sludge mainly comprises bacilli and cocci and has higher nitrite depositing ability, denitrification ability and heterotroph activity so that the problem of free ammonia inhabitation caused when high NH4<+>-N selects and enriches nitrosation bacteria can be avoided and short-cut nitrification can be realized without increasing N2O release during short-cut nitrification in the high Do condition. The short-cut nitrification and denitrification granular sludge prepared by using the method has the advantages of compact granule structure and good stability, is suitable for treating the waste water with low COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) and high NH4<+>-N, and can ensure the application of the short-cut nitrification and denitrification granular sludge in actual waste water treatment.
Description
One, technical field
The invention belongs to the biological wastewater treatment technology field, relate to the preparation method of short-cut nitrification and denitrification granular sludge under a kind of high DO condition.
Two, background technology
Along with the aggravation of nitrate pollution and the enhancing of people's environmental protection consciousness, denitrogenation of waste water is subject to people's attention day by day, and wherein bio-denitrification technology is because its incomparable advantage has obtained significant progress.In at present numerous sewage water denitrification new technologies, short-cut nitrification and denitrification is to be widely used and to develop one of new technology faster, and it is that traditional nitration reaction is controlled at the nitrosification stage, carries out denitrification then.Compare with traditional nitration denitrification, short-cut nitrification and denitrification has the following advantages: it is about 25% to save oxygen-supplying amount, and energy consumption is low; It is about 40% to save denitrifying carbon source, can improve clearance to TN under than certain situation at C/N; Reduce mud growing amount about 50%; Reduce the demand of nitrifying process alkali; Reaction times is short, can reduce reactor volume.Therefore, short-cut nitrification and denitrification becomes the focus of present bio-denitrifying sewage technical study.The key that short-cut denitrification is achieved with stable maintenance is that nitrifying process is ended at NO
2 --N stage, i.e. short distance nitration.Utilize ammonia oxidation bacteria (Nitrosomas) and the difference of NOB (Nitromonas) on physiological property, formed the control strategy of many realization short distance nitrations, mainly comprise high temperature, low dissolved axygen (DO), the inhibition of high free ammonia, control in real time etc.Wherein, control DO concentration makes nitrifying process be controlled at NH
3 +-N is oxidized to NO
2 --N the stage is one of important factor that realizes nitrite accumulation.Therefore, DO concentration is one of index of paying close attention to the most in short-cut nitrification and denitrification technology of people.In addition, relevant both at home and abroad studies show that under normal condition by control DO, pH and redox potential parameters such as (ORP) can realize short distance nitration in real time, but be generally used for handling conventional sanitary sewage, though control techniques is operated easily in real time, but the pH variation peak dot variation that changes flex point and nitrate nitrogen at the ORP of anaerobic stages nitrate nitrogen is not obvious, and low C/N is than the operation existing problems of anaerobic stages under the condition.
In addition, studies show that NO
2 -The accumulation of-N is accompanied by a large amount of N usually
2The generation of O is especially in the short distance nitration denitrification process.N
2O is a kind of very important greenhouse gases, and its Greenhouse effect are CO
2About 300 times; Simultaneously, it also can damage the ozone layer, thereby generation has a strong impact on to environment, causes N
2The main factor that O discharges is low DO concentration and high NO
2 --N concentration.And therefore these two the main features that are commonly used to realize the short distance nitration process are just controlled DO and are realized that there are a large amount of N of release in short distance nitration
2The potential hazard of O.
Aerobic particle mud is a kind of special shape of microbial immobilized technology, is a kind of novel biological wastewater treatment technology that has risen since the nineties since last century, is considered at present one of the most promising sewage treatment process.Compare with traditional activated sludge process, the aerobic particle mud settling property is better, and sludge concentration is higher, can adapt to the unexpected variation of waste water quality more; Can make the higher volumetric loading of maintenance in the reactor, and can dwindle or save secondary sedimentation basins greatly, reduce the volume and the floor space of Sewage treatment systems, reduce investment and running cost; The layered structure of aerobic particle mud makes its diversity with microorganism species, in the degraded organic carbon, has the function of denitrogenation dephosphorizing simultaneously.In addition, granule sludge has special microorganism structure and space structure, even also can possess anaerobic zone and aerobic zone simultaneously under high DO condition, thereby realizes that heterotrophic microorganism, nitrobacteria and denitrifying bacterium exist simultaneously at the variable grain layer; And high DO concentration also helps reducing N
2The release of O.
Directly at high density NH
4 +Prepare granule sludge under the-N condition, have the restraining effect of high density free ammonia, thereby influence the generation of microbic activity and aerobic granular.The molecular state NH that dissociates
3Nitrosomas and Nitromonas all there are restraining effect, but responsive more to Nitromonas.There are some researches show that free ammonia is to the inhibition concentration difference 0.1~1.0mg/L and the 10~150mg/L of Nitromonas and Nitrosomas.When the concentration of free ammonia fell between, Nitrosomas can normally be bred and oxidation, and Nitromonas is suppressed, and the accumulation of nitrous acid will take place.Thereby, select the method for pressure by progressively improving ammonia nitrogen, can progressively improve the selective action of free ammonia, thereby progressively eliminate Nitromonas, simultaneously can avoid the restraining effect of high density free ammonia, and can make the aerobic particle mud of formation when realizing the nitrite enrichment, have higher denitrifying capacity and heterotrophic bacterium activity.
Take all factors into consideration short distance nitration denitrogenation and N
2The release problem of O is sought and is prepared short-cut nitrification and denitrification granular sludge under a kind of high DO concentration conditions and just seem particularly important with the method for removing ammonia nitrogen in high density.
Three, summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is under high DO concentration, to prepare a kind of short-cut nitrification and denitrification granular sludge of handling high ammonia-nitrogen wastewater.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: under high DO concentration by progressively improving substrate NH
4 +The strategy of-N concentration prepares the aerobic short-cut nitrification and denitrification granular sludge of nitrite bacteria and a large amount of enrichments of denitrifying bacteria.Concrete steps are as follows:
The preparation method of short-cut nitrification and denitrification granular sludge under a kind of high DO condition, under high DO concentration by progressively improving substrate NH
4 +-N concentration is prepared the aerobic short-cut nitrification and denitrification granular sludge of nitrite bacteria and a large amount of enrichments of denitrifying bacteria.Concrete steps are as follows:
(1) active sludge of choosing municipal wastewater treatment plant injects the sequence batch (batch reactor, and be 4h cycling time: the 6min of wherein intaking, water outlet 4min; Anaerobism stirs 1h; Settling time is decremented to 2min along with the formation of granule sludge and the improvement of settling property are shortened gradually gradually by 16min; All the other are aeration time;
(2) reactor moves under 20~30 ℃ of room temperatures, and the pH value is between 7.5~8.5, and aeration rate is controlled at 0.3cm/s, and keeping DO concentration is about 8mg/L;
(3) waste water that will contain organism and ammonia nitrogen pumps into from reactor bottom, and water intake mode is an intermittent type, and water inlet substrate COD is 500mg/L, adds ammonium chloride, initial substrate NH
4 +-N concentration is 50mg/L, and through one-period, water outlet is discharged hydraulic detention time 8h by the reactor middle part;
(4) NH in the monitoring water outlet
4 +-N, NO
2 --N and NO
3 --N concentration is worked as NH
4 +-N clearance reaches the time that also can stablize more than 98% more than three days, NO simultaneously
2 --N density loss, NO
3 --N concentration raises, and can improve substrate NH
4 +-N is to next concentration, and each improvement value is at 50mg/L, according to the method described above, and substrate NH the most at last
4 +-N concentration is increased to 350mg/L, after steady running for some time, obtains short-cut nitrification and denitrification granular sludge in reactor.
Short-cut nitrification and denitrification granular sludge is faint yellow spheroidal particle, diameter 0.8mm, and microorganism wherein is based on coccus and rod bacterium, and Nitrosomas mainly is distributed in the particle outside, contains few Nitromonas in granule interior.
Effect of the present invention and benefit:
(1) in sequencing batch reactor (SBR), under high DO concentration conditions, prepares a kind of short-cut nitrification and denitrification granular sludge of handling high ammonia-nitrogen wastewater.The granule sludge that forms has higher nitrite accumulation capability, denitrifying capacity and heterotrophic bacterium activity.
(2) a large amount of enrichments of Nitrosomas have suppressed hyphomycetic growth, and the short-cut nitrification and denitrification granular sludge of formation is based on bacillus and coccus, and thread fungus content is few, and grain pattern compactness, stability are good.
(3) DO concentration higher (aeration phase reaches about 8mg/L) in the sbr reactor device, thereby not because NO
2 -The accumulation of-N and improve N
2The burst size of O.
Four, description of drawings
Fig. 1 prepares the synoptic diagram of short-cut nitrification and denitrification granular sludge method for the present invention adopts the sequence batch (batch reactor.Among the figure: 1 is inlet chest; 2 is peristaltic pump; 3 is aeration head; 4 is air pump; 5 is gas meter; 6 is magnetic valve; 7 is the dual-time rly.; 8 is agitator; 9 is water tank; 10 is overflow port.
Five, embodiment
By the following examples content of the present invention is illustrated in further detail.
Embodiment 1:
Concrete steps are as follows:
(1) will inject the sequence batch (batch reactor without the active sludge inoculation of the municipal wastewater treatment plant of taming.Sequence batch (batch reactor useful volume 3.5L, outer tube diameter 10.0cm, high 55cm, as shown in Figure 1.
(2) air enters reactor by air pump 4 by the central micro porous aeration head 3 of installing of reactor bottom, and the air-flow of formation mixes interior liquid of reactor and granule sludge.In the reactor bottom water inlet, by magnetic valve 6 control water outlets, water port is at the high 25cm of reactor bottom place by peristaltic pump 2, and the volume-exchange rate is 50%, and reactor is in room temperature (20~30 ℃) operation down.
(3) water inlet of reactor, stirring, aeration, sedimentation and water discharge time are controlled automatically by dual-time rly. 7.Be 4h cycling time, the 6min of wherein intaking, and water outlet 4min, anaerobism stirs 1h, and the settling time is reduced to 2min gradually from 16min, treats after the granule sludge maturation will the settling time to remain on 2min because it has outstanding settling property, and all the other are aeration time.The aeration rate of reactor is 0.3m
3/ h maintains about 8mg/L DO concentration.
(4) water inlet COD concentration (being provided by glucose, sodium acetate) is 500mg/L, initial NH
4 +-N concentration (being provided by ammonium chloride) is 50mg/L, and the pH value remains in 7.5~8.5 scopes.NH in the monitoring water outlet
4 +-N, NO
2 --N and NO
3 --N concentration is worked as NH
4 +-N clearance reaches the time that also can stablize more than 98% more than three days, NO simultaneously
2 --N density loss, NO
3 --N concentration raises, and can improve substrate NH
4 +-N is to next concentration, and each improvement value is at 50mg/L.In this way, substrate NH the most at last
4 +-N concentration is increased to 350mg/L.
Reactor began to occur tiny granule sludge in the 40th day; Substantially be made up of granule sludge in the reactor in the time of the 60th day, floc sludge is few; Reactor is stable.The grain diameter that forms is about 0.8mm, and granule sludge is based on bacillus and coccus, and thread fungus content is few, and grain pattern compactness, stability are good.Wherein, ammonia oxidizing bacteria (Nitrosomas) accounts for 60% of total bacterium, is distributed in the particle top layer; NOB (Nitromonas) only accounts for 3% of total bacterium, is distributed in granule interior.
Embodiment 2:
Concrete steps are as follows:
(1) short-cut nitrification and denitrification granular sludge that cultivation is obtained injects the sequence batch (batch reactor.Sequence batch (batch reactor useful volume 3.5L, outer tube diameter 10cm, high 55cm.
(2) air enters reactor by air pump 4 by the central micro porous aeration head 3 of installing of reactor bottom, and in the reactor bottom water inlet, by magnetic valve 6 control water outlets, water port is at the high 25cm of reactor bottom place by peristaltic pump 2, and the volume-exchange rate is 50%.
(3) water inlet of reactor, stirring, aeration, sedimentation and water discharge time are controlled automatically by dual-time rly. 7.Be 4h cycling time, the 6min of wherein intaking, and water outlet 4min, anaerobism stirs 1h, aeration 2h48min, sedimentation 2min.The reactor aeration rate is 0.3m
3/ h maintains about 8mg/L DO concentration.
(4) water inlet COD concentration is 400mg/L, NH
4 +-N is 200mg/L, NO
2 --N is 80mg/L, and the pH value remains in 7.5~8.5 scopes, and reactor at room temperature moves.Take a sample at interval in different time, water sampling is surveyed NH
4 +-N, NO
2 --N, NO
3 --N and COD get gas and survey N
2The O burst size.
Anaerobic stages COD reduces to 170mg/L by 410mg/L, and the 79.4mg/L nitrite nitrogen is promptly reduced to 1.5mg/L after anaerobism stirs 30min, illustrate that particle has good denitrifying capacity (Δ N/ Δ t=156mg N L
-1h
-1).NH when aeration finishes
4 +-N clearance is up to 98%, NO
2 --N accumulation reaches 128.3mg/L, and NO
3 --N is 10.6mg/L only, shows that particle has good short distance nitration ability.In addition, N
2The total burst size of O is 13.19mg/L, accounts for 4.71% of water total nitrogen into, and simultaneously, effluent COD concentration is lower than 40mg/L, and clearance is higher than 90%.The result shows that the granule sludge that the present invention makes has good short-cut nitrification and denitrification and removes the ability of COD, and the nitrite accumulation does not increase N simultaneously
2The release of O.
Claims (2)
1. the preparation method of short-cut nitrification and denitrification granular sludge under one kind high DO condition is characterized in that under high DO concentration by progressively improving substrate NH
4 +-N concentration is prepared the aerobic short-cut nitrification and denitrification granular sludge of nitrite bacteria and a large amount of enrichments of denitrifying bacteria.Concrete steps are as follows:
(1) active sludge of choosing municipal wastewater treatment plant injects the sequence batch (batch reactor, and be 4h cycling time: the 6min of wherein intaking, water outlet 4min; Anaerobism stirs 1h; Settling time is decremented to 2min along with the formation of granule sludge and the improvement of settling property are shortened gradually gradually by 16min; All the other are aeration time;
(2) reactor moves under 20~30 ℃ of room temperatures, and the pH value is between 7.5~8.5, and aeration rate is controlled at 0.3cm/s, and keeping DO concentration is about 8mg/L;
(3) waste water that will contain organism and ammonia nitrogen pumps into from reactor bottom, and water intake mode is an intermittent type, and water inlet substrate COD is 500mg/L, adds ammonium chloride, initial substrate NH
4 +-N concentration is 50mg/L, and through one-period, water outlet is discharged hydraulic detention time 8h by the reactor middle part;
(4) NH in the monitoring water outlet
4 +-N, NO
2 --N and NO
3 --N concentration is worked as NH
4 +-N clearance reaches the time that also can stablize more than 98% more than three days, NO simultaneously
2 --N density loss, NO
3 --N concentration raises, and can improve substrate NH
4 +-N is to next concentration, and each improvement value is at 50mg/L, according to the method described above, and substrate NH the most at last
4 +-N concentration is increased to 350mg/L, after steady running for some time, obtains short-cut nitrification and denitrification granular sludge in reactor.
2. the preparation method of short-cut nitrification and denitrification granular sludge under a kind of high DO condition according to claim 1, it is characterized in that short-cut nitrification and denitrification granular sludge is faint yellow spheroidal particle, diameter 0.8mm, microorganism wherein is based on coccus and rod bacterium, Nitrosomas mainly is distributed in the particle outside, contains few Nitromonas in granule interior.
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CN103261103A (en) * | 2010-10-18 | 2013-08-21 | 威立雅水务解决方案与技术支持公司 | Method for treating water within a sequencing batch reactor, including an in-ine measurement of the nitrite concentration |
CN102328994A (en) * | 2011-08-26 | 2012-01-25 | 山东省环境保护科学研究设计院 | Method for preparing granular sludge added with Mn2+ |
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CN106167330A (en) * | 2016-06-09 | 2016-11-30 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of IEM UF nitrogen enrichment nitrosation denitrification method and device |
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