CN101825540B - Concrete automatic impact tester and test method thereof - Google Patents
Concrete automatic impact tester and test method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101825540B CN101825540B CN2010101588718A CN201010158871A CN101825540B CN 101825540 B CN101825540 B CN 101825540B CN 2010101588718 A CN2010101588718 A CN 2010101588718A CN 201010158871 A CN201010158871 A CN 201010158871A CN 101825540 B CN101825540 B CN 101825540B
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- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 119
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 title description 7
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000009863 impact test Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 208000037656 Respiratory Sounds Diseases 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000002790 naphthalenes Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011210 fiber-reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003116 impacting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000760 Hardened steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007655 standard test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention relates to a concrete automatic impact tester, which comprises a test-piece base. A n external frame is arranged on the base; an impact hammer guide rod is erected vertically in the external frame; an impact action transfer device is connected to the lower end of the impact hammer guide rod; the impact action transfer device is a rod-shaped device of which one end is a hemisphere and the other end is a cylinder, and the hemispherical end of the rod-shaped device contacts test pieces; an impact hammer is sleeved on the impact hammer guide rod; the impact hammer is fixed above the impact action transfer device through an impact hammer suspension gear to contact the cylindrical end face of the impact action transfer device; an impact hammer lifting device is arranged on the impact hammer; the impact hammer lifting device is fixed on a transmission device; the transmission device is fixed in the external frame and is connected with a control device; and an impact hammer take-off device is arranged on the impact hammer guide rod. The concrete automatic impact tester has the advantages that: (1) the number of times of observing the incipient crack and complete damage of concrete is reduced, and the test efficiency is high; and (2) the service life of the impact action transfer device is prolonged greatly.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to automatic impact test instrument of a kind of concrete and method of testing thereof, belong to the concrete material technical field of measurement and test.
Background technology
The elastic modulus of concrete performance is to weigh the particularly important indicator of high tenacity mechanical performance of concrete of concrete, but domestic standard test method of not formulating as yet at present at the elastic modulus of concrete performance, usually, the ACI-544 " performance test methods of fiber concrete " that the laboratory all adopts ACI the to recommend detection that experimentizes, this method regulation, with quality is the ram hammer of 4.45kg, from highly being 457mm or 1000mm free-falling, the steel ball that is 63.5mm by a diameter transmits percussive action, impact thickness is 64mm, diameter is the concrete sample of 150mm, impact number of times when record test specimen surface begins to produce visible crack and crackle width greater than 0.3mm impacts number of times and destroys and impact number of times as the index of weighing fiber concrete toughness with incipient crack.
Yet, this method has only been carried out the principle explanation to this testing requirements, corresponding test apparatus equipment requirements is not provided, and it is the percussive action of the hardened steel ball transmission ram hammer of 63.5mm that ACI-544 adopts diameter, for a side that contacts with concrete, because ball hardness is far above concrete, test impact process concrete is little to the influence of steel ball distortion, yet, with the contacted side of ram hammer, because both hardness are more or less the same, and contact for point between ram hammer and the steel ball, hardness and toughness reguirements to steel ball are all very high, and process of the test easily causes steel ball to produce moderate finite deformation in a side that contacts with ram hammer, and steel ball needs often to change.
On the other hand, because the ACI-544 regulation is impacted number of times with incipient crack and is destroyed and impact number of times as the index of estimating concrete impact flexibility, therefore, in principle when carrying out the test of concrete toughness by ACI-544, need every impact once promptly need check the cracking situation of concrete sample, be difficult to adopt the automatic Apparatus for Impacting at low-temp of concrete to carry out experimental test, so can only adopt manual methods to test at present usually.Yet for high tenacity concrete such as fiber concrete, its incipient crack is impacted number of times sometimes up to more than 100 times, can adopt manual operating process extremely loaded down with trivial details up to more than 150 times and destroy the impact number of times.Simultaneously, studies show that when adopting this method to carry out the elastic modulus of concrete toughness test, the discreteness of its test findings is also bigger.
Domestic utility model patent 200620070501.8 provides a kind of elastic modulus of concrete tester, but this instrument adopts the steel ball of 4.45mm from highly free-falling of 457mm, directly concrete sample is produced percussive action, the method for method of testing and ACI-544 regulation is also inconsistent.
Summary of the invention
The present invention will solve present elastic modulus of concrete ability meter and have that efficient is low, the yielding problem of scrapping of steel ball, and automatic impact test instrument of the high concrete of a kind of efficient and method of testing thereof are provided.
Technical scheme of the present invention:
The automatic impact test instrument of a kind of concrete, comprise the test specimen base, it is characterized in that: on the described base external frame is installed, vertically stand in the described external frame ram hammer guide pole is arranged, the lower end of described ram hammer guide pole is connected with the percussive action transfer device, described percussive action transfer device is that an end is that hemisphere one end is the rod-like device of cylinder, and its hemispherical ends contacts with test specimen; Be with ram hammer on the described ram hammer guide pole, described ram hammer is fixed in the percussive action transfer device by the ram hammer suspension gear top contacts with its cylinder end face; The ram hammer lifting gear is installed on the described ram hammer, and described ram hammer lifting gear is fixed on the gearing, and described gearing is fixed on and is connected with control device in the external frame; On the described ram hammer guide pole ram hammer is installed and deviates from device.
Further, described base is provided with the stop means of percussive action transfer device, and the hemispherical ends of described percussive action transfer device is located in the stop means.
Further, described ram hammer guide pole is threaded with the percussive action transfer device.
Further, external frame is stretched out in the upper end of described ram hammer guide pole.
Further, the diameter of hemisphere is 63.5mm in the described percussive action transfer device; The quality of described ram hammer is 4.5kg.
Method of testing step of the present invention is as follows:
(1), with the hand hoisting of percussive action transfer device to certain position, then concrete sample is placed base;
(2), set in advance the impact number of times of control device, start control device, the ram hammer lifting gear is followed actuator movement to ram hammer guide pole one side, by ram hammer lifting gear and ram hammer suspension gear co-operation, upwards promote ram hammer, be promoted to ram hammer when deviating from device, ram hammer is fallen, impact effect transfer device produces percussive action, and concrete is produced percussive action by the percussive action transfer device, every one week of transmission of gearing can produce the one-shot effect to concrete, and gearing stops transmission automatically when limiting number of times;
(3), impact stop after, take out concrete sample and observe the cracking situation of concrete sample under percussive action;
(4), if crackle does not appear in concrete, the control device that reruns continues concrete sample is produced percussive action, stops automatically to stipulated number, takes out concrete sample once more and observes the cracking situation of concrete sample under percussive action;
(5), so repeatedly, begin to crack when touching base both sides or concrete broken and crack into two with concrete sample crack propagation to concrete sample until concrete sample, the incipient crack of record concrete sample is impacted number of times and is destroyed and impact number of times.
Further, to deviate from the distance between device and the percussive action transfer device be 457mm to described ram hammer; To not mixing the concrete of steel fibre, the default impact number of times in the step (2) is 10 times; To mixing the concrete of steel fibre, the default impact number of times in the step (2) is 25 times.
Perhaps, to deviate from the distance between device and the percussive action transfer device be 1000mm to described ram hammer; To not mixing the concrete of steel fibre, the default impact number of times in the step (2) is 5 times; To mixing the concrete of steel fibre, the default impact number of times in the step (2) is 25 times.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is mainly reflected in: (1) promotes ram hammer automatically, free-falling automatically, and the test specimen incipient crack is impacted number of times and is destroyed the impact number of times and is 10 or 25 multiple, has reduced the number of times of observing the concrete incipient crack and destroying fully, the testing efficiency height; (2) adopt the cylindrical percussive action transfer device of an end hemisphere one end to substitute steel ball, make between ram hammer and the percussive action transfer device by contacting and change face into and contact the serviceable life of having improved the percussive action transfer device greatly.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a side sectional view of the present invention.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
The automatic impact test instrument of a kind of concrete, comprise test specimen base 1, on the described base 1 external frame 11 is installed, vertically stand in the described external frame 11 ram hammer guide pole 6 is arranged, the lower end of described ram hammer guide pole 6 is connected with percussive action transfer device 2, described percussive action transfer device 2 is that an end is that hemisphere one end is the rod-like device of cylinder, and its hemispherical ends contacts with test specimen; Be with ram hammer 4 on the described ram hammer guide pole 6, described ram hammer 4 is fixed in percussive action transfer device 2 by ram hammer suspension gear 5 top contacts with its cylinder end face; On the described ram hammer 4 ram hammer lifting gear 8 is installed, described ram hammer lifting gear 8 is fixed on the gearing 7, and described gearing 7 is fixed on and is connected with control device 10 in the external frame 11; On the described ram hammer guide pole 6 ram hammer is installed and deviates from device 9.
Described base 1 is provided with the stop means 3 of percussive action transfer device 2, and the hemispherical ends of described percussive action transfer device 2 is located in the stop means 3.
Described ram hammer guide pole 6 is threaded with percussive action transfer device 2.
The diameter of hemisphere is 63.5mm in the described percussive action transfer device 2; The quality of described ram hammer 4 is 4.5kg.
Method of testing step of the present invention is as follows:
(1), with 2 hand hoistings of percussive action transfer device to certain position, then concrete sample is placed base 1;
(2), set in advance the impact number of times of control device 10, start control device 10, ram hammer lifting gear 8 is followed gearing 7 and is moved to ram hammer guide pole 6 one sides, by ram hammer lifting gear 8 and ram hammer suspension gear 5 co-operation, upwards promote ram hammer 4, be promoted to ram hammer when deviating from device 9, ram hammer 4 is fallen, impact effect transfer device 2 produces percussive action, and by 2 pairs of concrete generations of percussive action transfer device percussive action, 7 every one weeks of transmission of gearing can produce the one-shot effect to concrete, and gearing 7 stops transmission automatically when limiting number of times;
(3), impact stop after, take out concrete sample and observe the cracking situation of concrete sample under percussive action;
(4), if crackle does not appear in concrete, the control device 10 that reruns continues concrete sample is produced percussive action, stops automatically to stipulated number, takes out concrete sample once more and observes the cracking situation of concrete sample under percussive action;
(5), so repeatedly, begin to crack when touching base both sides or concrete broken and crack into two with concrete sample crack propagation to concrete sample until concrete sample, the incipient crack of record concrete sample is impacted number of times and is destroyed and impact number of times.
The distance that ram hammer described in the present embodiment is deviate between device 9 and the percussive action transfer device 2 is 457mm; To not mixing the concrete of steel fibre, the default impact number of times in the step (2) is 10 times; To mixing the concrete of steel fibre, the default impact number of times in the step (2) is 25 times.
Present embodiment is an example to adopt PO42.5 cement, 5～10mm rubble, natural medium sand (modulus of fineness is 2.60), mekralon (PF) and naphthalene series high-efficiency water-reducing agent (FDN) preparation fiber concrete, concrete mix is C: W: S: G: FDN: PF=1: 0.45: 1.95: 2.44: 0.01: 0.0075, after mixing the type of making and maintenance 28d, adopt the automatic impact test instrument of made concrete to test, carry out parameter when being provided with, every impact 10 times, stop 1 time, finally recording its incipient crack impact number of times is 60 times, and destroying the impact number of times is 90 times.
Adopt PO52.5 cement, 5～10mm rubble, natural medium sand (modulus of fineness is 3.0), steel fibre (S
f) and naphthalene series high-efficiency water-reducing agent (FDN) preparation fiber concrete, concrete mix is as shown in table 1, after mixing the type of making and maintenance 28d, adopt the automatic impact test instrument of embodiment 1 made concrete to test, to not mixing the concrete of steel fibre, every impact stops once for 10 times, check concrete sample cracking situation, to mixing the concrete of steel fibre, every impact stops once for 25 times, check concrete sample cracking situation, its incipient crack impact number of times and destruction are impacted number of times and are shown in Table 1.By table 1 as seen, when concrete strength improved, its shock resistance also increased, but incipient crack is impacted number of times and destruction impact number of times is very approaching, showed that the concrete of admixture steel fibre does not have the ability of splitting that hinders.Behind the admixture steel fibre, the elastic modulus of concrete performance increases substantially, its incipient crack is impacted number of times with destruction impact number of times even up to more than 1000 times, impacting number of times with incipient crack compares, it destroys the impact number of times and increases substantially, and increase with the volume content of steel fibers volume fraction, its shock resistance and performance of resisting cracking all increase significantly.Simultaneously, as can be seen, adopt embodiment 1 described impact resilience tester to measure the concrete impact flexibility of high tenacity and have higher work efficiency.
Table 1 steel fiber reinforced concrete match ratio and incipient crack thereof and destruction are impacted number of times
Embodiment 6:
The present embodiment difference from Example 1 is: the distance that described ram hammer is deviate between device 9 and the percussive action transfer device 2 is 1000mm; To not mixing the concrete of steel fibre, the default impact number of times in the step (2) is 5 times in the method for testing that is adopted; To mixing the concrete of steel fibre, step
(2) the default impact number of times in is 25 times.
Present embodiment is an example to adopt PO42.5 cement, 5～10mm rubble, natural medium sand (modulus of fineness is 2.60), mekralon (PF) and naphthalene series high-efficiency water-reducing agent (FDN) preparation fiber concrete, concrete mix is C: W: S: G: FDN: PF=1: 0.45: 1.95: 2.44: 0.01: 0.0075, after mixing the type of making and maintenance 28d, adopt the automatic impact test instrument of made concrete to test, carry out parameter when being provided with, every impact 5 times, stop 1 time, finally recording its incipient crack impact number of times is 25 times, and destroying the impact number of times is 55 times.As seen, after the ram hammer shock height increased, its impact failure efficient increased.
Adopt PO52.5 cement, 5～10mm rubble, natural medium sand (modulus of fineness is 3.0), steel fibre (S
f) and naphthalene series high-efficiency water-reducing agent (FDN) preparation fiber concrete, concrete mix is as shown in table 2, after mixing the type of making and maintenance 28d, adopt the automatic impact test instrument of embodiment 6 made concrete to test, to not mixing the concrete of steel fibre, every impact stops once for 5 times, check concrete sample cracking situation, to mixing the concrete of steel fibre, every impact stops once for 25 times, check concrete sample cracking situation, its incipient crack impact number of times and destruction are impacted number of times and are shown in Table 2.By table 2 as seen, when the height of ram hammer free-falling increased to 1000mm, it had higher efficient to the elastic modulus of concrete performance detection.
Table 2 steel fiber reinforced concrete match ratio and incipient crack thereof and destruction are impacted number of times
The described content of this instructions embodiment only is enumerating the way of realization of inventive concept; protection scope of the present invention should not be regarded as only limiting to the concrete form that embodiment states, protection scope of the present invention also reach in those skilled in the art conceive according to the present invention the equivalent technologies means that can expect.
Claims (8)
1. automatic impact test instrument of concrete, comprise the test specimen base, it is characterized in that: on the described base external frame is installed, vertically stand in the described external frame ram hammer guide pole is arranged, the lower end of described ram hammer guide pole is connected with the percussive action transfer device, described percussive action transfer device is that an end is that hemisphere one end is the rod-like device of cylinder, and its hemispherical ends contacts with test specimen; Be with ram hammer on the described ram hammer guide pole, described ram hammer is fixed in the percussive action transfer device by the ram hammer suspension gear top contacts with its cylinder end face; The ram hammer lifting gear is installed on the described ram hammer, and described ram hammer lifting gear is fixed on the gearing, and described gearing is fixed on and is connected with control device in the external frame; On the described ram hammer guide pole ram hammer is installed and deviates from device.
2. the automatic impact test instrument of a kind of concrete according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described base is provided with the stop means of percussive action transfer device, and the hemispherical ends of described percussive action transfer device is located in the stop means.
3. the automatic impact test instrument of a kind of concrete according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described ram hammer guide pole is threaded with the percussive action transfer device.
4. the automatic impact test instrument of a kind of concrete according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: external frame is stretched out in the upper end of described ram hammer guide pole.
5. the automatic impact test instrument of a kind of concrete according to claim 4 is characterized in that: the diameter of hemisphere is 63.5mm in the described percussive action transfer device; The quality of described ram hammer is 4.5kg.
6. the method for testing step that the automatic impact test instrument of a kind of concrete according to claim 1 is adopted is as follows:
(1), with the hand hoisting of percussive action transfer device to certain position, then concrete sample is placed base;
(2), set in advance the impact number of times of control device, start control device, the ram hammer lifting gear is followed actuator movement to ram hammer guide pole one side, by ram hammer lifting gear and ram hammer suspension gear co-operation, upwards promote ram hammer, be promoted to ram hammer when deviating from device, ram hammer is fallen, impact effect transfer device produces percussive action, and concrete is produced percussive action by the percussive action transfer device, every one week of transmission of gearing can produce the one-shot effect to concrete, and gearing stops transmission automatically when limiting number of times;
(3), impact stop after, take out concrete sample and observe the cracking situation of concrete sample under percussive action;
(4), if crackle does not appear in concrete, the control device that reruns continues concrete sample is produced percussive action, stops automatically to stipulated number, takes out concrete sample once more and observes the cracking situation of concrete sample under percussive action;
(5), repeating step (1)-(4), begin to crack when touching base both sides or concrete broken and crack into two with concrete sample crack propagation to concrete sample until concrete sample, the incipient crack of record concrete sample is impacted number of times and is destroyed and impact number of times.
7. the method for testing of the automatic impact test instrument of a kind of concrete according to claim 6 is characterized in that: the distance that described ram hammer is deviate between device and the percussive action transfer device is 457mm; To not mixing the concrete of steel fibre, the default impact number of times in the step (2) is 10 times; To mixing the concrete of steel fibre, the default impact number of times in the step (2) is 25 times.
8. the method for testing of the automatic impact test instrument of a kind of concrete according to claim 6 is characterized in that: the distance that described ram hammer is deviate between device and the percussive action transfer device is 1000mm; To not mixing the concrete of steel fibre, the default impact number of times in the step (2) is 5 times; To mixing the concrete of steel fibre, the default impact number of times in the step (2) is 25 times.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102519810B (en) * | 2011-12-13 | 2014-10-15 | 天津大学 | Arch-type test piece for testing impact resistance strength of cement concrete and its testing method |
| CN103234845B (en) * | 2013-04-25 | 2014-12-31 | 武汉源锦建材科技有限公司 | Automatic impact-resistant experiment instrument for concrete and mortar |
| CN105699222A (en) * | 2016-02-21 | 2016-06-22 | 青海省交通科学研究院 | Test apparatus for simulating dynamic response of cement concrete road surfaces under effects of impact load |
| CN106872289B (en) * | 2017-01-24 | 2019-06-04 | 重庆大学 | A kind of sand body impact experiment device and its test method |
| CN108051322B (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2019-12-31 | 北京航空航天大学 | Concrete fatigue impact test device and test method thereof |
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| CN2896271Y (en) * | 2006-03-22 | 2007-05-02 | 江苏省水利科学研究所 | Concrete anti-impaction detector |
| CN201662518U (en) * | 2010-04-29 | 2010-12-01 | 浙江工业大学 | Automatic tester for concrete under impact |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2004150946A (en) * | 2002-10-30 | 2004-05-27 | Central Giken:Kk | Nondestructive measuring instrument and method for concrete rigidity by ball hammering |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2896271Y (en) * | 2006-03-22 | 2007-05-02 | 江苏省水利科学研究所 | Concrete anti-impaction detector |
| CN201662518U (en) * | 2010-04-29 | 2010-12-01 | 浙江工业大学 | Automatic tester for concrete under impact |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
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| JP特开2004-150946A 2004.05.27 |
| 中国建筑材料科学研究院房建材料与混凝土研究所.玻璃纤维增强水泥性能试验方法抗冲击性能.《中华人民共和国国家标准》.1995,423，424. * |
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