CN101819251A - Device for monitoring state and diagnosing fault of power electronic circuit - Google Patents
Device for monitoring state and diagnosing fault of power electronic circuit Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device for monitoring the state and diagnosing the fault of a power electronic circuit. The device has a structure that: a magnetic field detection module detects the magnetic field strength of the power electronic circuit, a signal conditioning module amplifies a voltage signal and an analog-to-digital conversion module performs analog-to-digital conversion; a fault diagnosis module comprises a time-domain and frequency-domain conversion module, a characteristic sort module and a comprehensive diagnosis module; the time-domain and frequency-domain conversion module is used for extracting the frequency characteristics of a time-domain waveform and supplies the frequency characteristics to characteristic sort sub-modules respectively; the characteristic sort sub-modules compare the received subsets to obtain partial diagnosis results corresponding to each characteristic subset and supply the results to the comprehensive diagnosis module; and the comprehensive diagnosis module synthesizes the partial diagnosis results of each characteristic subset to obtain a final diagnosis result. The device realizes the natural isolation of a detector from a main circuit; the different kinds of information carried by the magnetic field signal are treated respectively and then comprehensively judged, so the accuracy is higher; and the device can be applied to various power electronic circuits.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Power Electronic Circuit technology, be specifically related to a kind of condition monitoring and fault diagnosis device of Power Electronic Circuit, is the contactless condition monitoring and fault diagnosis device of a kind of Power Electronic Circuit based on the magnetic field near-field thermal radiation.
Background technology
Fast development along with Power Electronic Technique, with Switching Power Supply, ups power and variable-frequency power sources is that the power electronic product of representative has obtained using widely in all trades and professions, their normal operation to guarantee in electric system and the industrial processes safe, efficient, the high-quality operation is very great, thereby its reliability, fault diagnosis and function reconfiguration technique, Electro Magnetic Compatibility all are the problems that must study.Power Electronic Circuit is carried out fault diagnosis, can find unusual in the circuit in time, failure judgement position and produce reason takes effective measures early, takes precautions against in possible trouble; Another benefit of carrying out Fault Diagnosis of Power Electronic Circuits is to excise malfunctioning module in redundant system, drops into redundancy section, keeps total system and normally moves.
Usually said Power Electronic Circuit fault all refers to the fault of its main circuit, though the control circuit of Power Electronic Circuit also may break down, but comparatively speaking, if Circuit Design well after, the probability that it breaks down is more much smaller than the probability that main circuit breaks down.Practice shows that power device is a ring fragile in the Power Electronic Circuit, and most faults are cashed and are the open circuit of power device and short circuit, especially instant of failure, all are the short-circuit fault basically.In design, can adopt the way that increases the power device rated capacity to improve the reliability of Power Electronic Circuit, but this volume with aggrandizement apparatus, weight reduce power density, strengthens cost.
In early days, mostly adopt the method for direct measuring voltage, electric current, carry out fault diagnosis according to waveform, amplitude and the frequency spectrum of voltage, electric current for the fault diagnosis of power electronics; Later stage is because the development of signal processing technology and artificial intelligence technology derives the method for diagnosing faults that is used for Power Electronic Circuit in a large number, as pattern-recognition, expert system, artificial neural network etc.Development in recent years shows: the existing simple signal Processing of method for diagnosing faults develops on the artificial intelligence process mode of complexity; The composition of diagnostic system is developed to integrated, digitizing direction by mimic channel.But in general, above-mentioned detection method all needs to measure the electric weight such as the voltage and current of Power Electronic Circuit, and sensor must have physical connection with main circuit, and they can be referred to as the contact fault diagnosis method.The contact fault diagnosis method is for converters, and the powerful converters of especially middle and high pressure exists the following shortcoming that is difficult to overcome:
1. owing to need measuring sensors such as voltage current transformer, Hall, and detecting element has parasitic parameter, and in fact testing circuit can not isolate fully with main circuit, and electromagnetic interference (EMI) is big, and deviation may appear in diagnosis;
2. for middle and high pressure high capacity transducer, its voltage height, electric current are big, need bigger voltage, current transformer, the cost height;
3. in main circuit, insert voltage, current sensor, need to change the circuit structure of primary circuit.
4. most of method for diagnosing faults propose at certain physical circuit, when it being used in another circuit, just must rebuild main circuit and failure definition diagnostic rule.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to provide a kind of condition monitoring and fault diagnosis device of Power Electronic Circuit for the shortcoming that overcomes above-mentioned Fault Diagnosis of Power Electronic Circuits, this device is detected object with the field signal, thereby realizes isolating naturally of pick-up unit and main circuit; Judge comprehensively that again accuracy is higher after the different components that field signal comprised are handled respectively; Can be applicable in various types of Power Electronic Circuit, versatility is wider.
For achieving the above object, the condition monitoring and fault diagnosis device of a kind of Power Electronic Circuit that the present invention proposes is characterized in that this device comprises magnetic field detection module, signal condition module, analog-to-digital conversion module and fault diagnosis module;
The magnetic field detection module is used to detect the magnetic field intensity of Power Electronic Circuit, and offers the signal condition module after the signal that detection obtains is converted into voltage signal;
The signal condition module is used for the voltage signal that receives is amplified, and offers analog-to-digital conversion module;
Analog-to-digital conversion module is used for the voltage signal after amplifying is carried out analog to digital conversion, and simulating signal is changed into digital signal, offers fault diagnosis module, and this digital signal is for characterizing the time-domain signal of Power Electronic Circuit magnetic field intensity;
Fault diagnosis module is used for the digital signal that receives is analyzed, and obtains final diagnosis; Fault diagnosis module comprises time-domain and frequency-domain modular converter, comprehensive diagnosis module and n tagsort submodule; N is a positive integer, the quantity in existing Equivalent Magnetic Field source in the expression Power Electronic Circuit;
The time-domain and frequency-domain modular converter is used for time domain waveform is carried out feature extraction, obtains n class frequency composition subclass, and offers the tagsort submodule respectively;
The tagsort submodule is classified to received frequency content subclass respectively, obtains the pairing classification results of every class frequency composition subclass, a kind of standard operation state that this classification results has for the pairing Equivalent Magnetic Field of this class frequency composition subclass source;
Comprehensive diagnosis module is used for the classification results of each tagsort module is carried out further comprehensive diagnos, and each classification results compares the last diagnostic conclusion of tabling look-up and obtaining side circuit with the diagnostics table that pre-establishes.
Compare with existing fault diagnosis technology based on voltage, current signal, the present invention adopts magnet field probe as survey instrument, carries out condition monitoring and fault diagnosis based on the magnetic field radiation signal, and this device has following advantage:
The collection of field signal does not need have physics to contact with main circuit.The condition monitoring and fault diagnosis circuit will be isolated fully with main circuit, also avoid using a large amount of large-scale voltages, current sensor simultaneously; A magnet field probe can detect the coupled signal that multiple Magnetic Field Source is sent in the same Power Electronic Circuit, has comprised more useful information in same measuring-signal.These information are handled respectively and analysis-by-synthesis, can be obtained more accurate monitoring and diagnosis result; Because Power Electronic Circuit works in switching mode, has a plurality of Equivalent Magnetic Field source, magnetic field radiation is the inherent characteristic on the Power Electronic Circuit, thereby this device is applicable to all Power Electronic Circuit.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the exemplary process diagram of status monitoring among the present invention and diagnostic device;
Fig. 2 is the process flow diagram of status monitoring in the example of the present invention and diagnostic device;
Fig. 3 is BUCK circuit diagram in the example of the present invention
Fig. 4 is magnetic field near field probes measured waveform in the example of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is example frequency domain signal identification figure of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the amplitude versus frequency characte figure of magnetic field near field probes measured waveform in the example of the present invention.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing 1.
Apparatus of the present invention are made up of four modules.The abbreviated functional description of each module is as follows:
Magnetic field detection module 1 is used to realize the accurate measurement in magnetic field, Power Electronic Circuit near field, the non-metal frame that comprises magnet field probe and be used for fixing magnet field probe.
If there be n Equivalent Magnetic Field source (n is a positive integer, and its value is relevant with the structure of the Power Electronic Circuit of actual measurement) in the Power Electronic Circuit simultaneously, each Magnetic Field Source all goes out to have the electromagnetic wave of different frequency feature to spatial emission.These electromagnetic waves are coupled mutually in the space, form the magnetic field with combination frequency characteristic.In order to realize the accurate measurement near field, magnetic field, need to select the magnet field probe of difformity and resolution for use at concrete Power Electronic Circuit.
Magnetic field with combination frequency characteristic will induce the voltage with combination frequency characteristic on magnet field probe.This induced voltage includes this n Magnetic Field Source work state information.Non-metal frame is used for magnet field probe is fixed near the key element of tested Power Electronic Circuit, so that obtain best measurement effect, nonmetallic materials can not exert an influence to existing magnetic field simultaneously.
Analog-to-digital conversion module 3 is used for the analog voltage signal after amplifying is changed into digital signal, so that carry out digitized processing.Since comprised abundant frequency content in the voltage signal, undistorted in order to guarantee the analog to digital conversion result, need select modulus conversion chip at a high speed for use.Select for use buffer unit at a high speed to store transformation result simultaneously.Analog-to-digital conversion module both can cooperate corresponding software to realize by oscillograph, can be that the circuits built of core forms in order to modulus conversion chip also.
Fault diagnosis module 4 is cores of the present invention, and it is made up of the experimental process module, is used for the digital signal of gained is analyzed, thereby obtains final diagnosis.Fault diagnosis module 4 comprises time-domain and frequency-domain modular converter 5, a n tagsort submodule 6.1,6.2 ..., 6.n and comprehensive diagnosis module 7.
Digital signal after the analog to digital conversion still is a time-domain signal, because the existence of stochastic error and noise, time-domain signal inconvenience is used for fault analysis, therefore needs to use 5 pairs of voltage signals of time-domain and frequency-domain modular converter to change.According to the characteristics of survey Power Electronic Circuit electromagnetic near field, should choose different time-domain and frequency-domain conversion methods.When time-domain signal is periodic signal, adopt fast Fourier (FFT) conversion; Time-domain signal adopts wavelet transformation during for jump signal in short-term.
By the time-domain and frequency-domain conversion, can obtain the frequency spectrum of this voltage signal, this frequency spectrum has characterized the power of the various frequency contents that this voltage signal comprised, thereby can isolate n class frequency composition subclass again from frequency spectrum.A frequency content subclass can reflect the duty of a Magnetic Field Source.
Tagsort submodule 6.1,6.2,6.n respectively received frequency content subclass is classified, obtain the pairing classification results of every class frequency composition subclass, a kind of in the some kinds of standard operation states that this classification results has for the pairing Equivalent Magnetic Field of this class frequency composition subclass source, be in which kind of standard operation state to judge the pairing Magnetic Field Source of this class frequency composition subclass.
If i class frequency composition subclass (i is more than or equal to 1 positive integer smaller or equal to n) has reflected the frequecy characteristic of i Magnetic Field Source, and the total k of known i Magnetic Field Source
iPlant the standard operation state, (k
iValue decide according to the characteristic of i Magnetic Field Source), and this k
iIt is known planting the pairing standard frequency composition of standard operation state subclass.I class frequency composition subclass and this k then by measuring
iPlant standard frequency composition subclass and compare, just this class frequency composition subclass can be belonged to k
iIn a certain in kind of the standard operation state.Different according to each frequency content subset data constituted mode and Changing Pattern need be selected different sorting algorithms for use, mathematical model for example, fuzzy knowledge, expertise and artificial neural network etc.
Diagnostics table is the organic assembling of n the various standard operation states of Magnetic Field Source.Because this Power Electronic Circuit contains n Magnetic Field Source, and arbitrary Magnetic Field Source i may be in its k at synchronization
iA certain in kind of the standard operation state is therefore for whole Power Electronic Circuit, to each frequency content subclass sorting result one total k=k
1* k
2* ... k
nPlant possible array mode.According to priori to the Power Electronic Circuit that detected, can select the array mode that m kind wherein (m for greater than 1 integer smaller or equal to k) has the actual physical meaning in advance, be used to form diagnostics table.By tabling look-up, just can diagnose out the different circuit working state of m kind (containing malfunction).
Embodiment
The present invention is further detailed explanation below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and example.Fig. 2 is based on thought of the present invention, at a concrete status monitoring and a diagnostic device synoptic diagram that the BUCK circuit is designed.The synoptic diagram of this BUCK circuit as shown in Figure 3.The specified index of BUCK circuit is: switching frequency is 24KHz, and specified input voltage is 50V, and rated output voltage is 30V, and rated current is 2A.Being implemented as follows of each module:
Magnetic field detection module 1: according to the characteristics of BUCK circuit magnetic field radiation, LF-R 400 probes that the magnetic-field measurement element selects for use Rong Xiang company to provide.Probe placement is at filter inductance (Lf) the air gap place of BUCK circuit, so that obtain obvious field signal.The typical waveform that probe detection arrives as shown in Figure 4.Fig. 4 (a) is the waveform of BUCK circuit magnet field probe gained when output current 2A, and this moment, circuit working was in continuous current mode; Fig. 4 (b) is the waveform of BUCK circuit magnet field probe gained when output current 0.5A, and this moment, circuit working was in the discontinuous current pattern.As seen from Figure 4, under the different operating state, the magnetic field composition has all comprised tangible high fdrequency component and low frequency component.Studies show that the frequency of low frequency component wherein is identical with switching frequency, is 24kHz, its corresponding Magnetic Field Source is the filter inductance in the BUCK circuit, and its corresponding low frequency frequency content can change along with the variation of circuit working state; High fdrequency component wherein occurs in the power switch pipe switching process, and its corresponding Magnetic Field Source is the higher-order of oscillation loop that exists in power switch pipe and the BUCK circuit thereof.The oscillation frequency of high fdrequency component is 3.1MHZ, and the amplitude of its frequency content can be along with the variation of the input/output condition of circuit and changed.In summary, have 2 Equivalent Magnetic Field sources (n=2) in the BUCK circuit.
Signal condition module 2: the amplitude of the voltage signal that magnet field probe 1 induction produces among Fig. 4 is comparatively faint, is the millivolt level, thereby at first needs to amplify.Simultaneously, the radio-frequency component of field signal reaches 3.1MHz, in order to make the signal after the amplification undistorted, needs to adopt the operational amplifier of high precision and bandwidth.In the present embodiment, select for use AD844 to amplify step by step.Simultaneously, because the input signal of the A/D chip that the back level is selected for use can not be negative voltage, need increase a forward bias voltage V to the signal after amplifying
Bias
Modulus dress die change piece 3:,, need select for use sampling rate to carry out analog to digital conversion greater than the A/D chip of 6.2M according to Shannon's sampling theorem because the radio-frequency component of field signal is up to 3.1M.Consider allowance, present embodiment selects for use high-speed a/d conversion chip AD9244 to carry out analog to digital conversion.AD9244 is a single channel, 14 precision, high sampling rate can reach the modulus conversion chip of 65MSPS, therefore can satisfy the conversion requirement, simultaneously since the reading speed of the DSP of back level well below the data-switching speed of AD9244, need data converted is stored among the cache storage device IDT7204.
Fault diagnosis module 4: form by level transferring chip and digital signal processor TMS320F2812.On the one hand, TMS320F2812 reads transformation result in the reservoir by the logical controlling signal; On the other hand, TMS320F2812 is used to realize time-domain and frequency-domain conversion, tagsort and the comprehensive diagnos of signal.The software flow pattern of time-domain and frequency-domain conversion, tagsort and comprehensive diagnos as shown in Figure 5, they are all realized in the DSP inside programming.
Time-domain and frequency-domain modular converter 5: in the present embodiment, BUCK circuit magnetic field waveform is the periodic waveform that has low frequency and high fdrequency component.Therefore in the signal characteristic extraction module, select fast Fourier (FFT) mapping algorithm for use.By FFT, can obtain the spectrogram of this digital signal.The FFT result of Fig. 4 (a) as shown in Figure 6.What the low frequency part of Fig. 6 embodied is the frequency information in Fig. 4 medium and low frequency magnetic field.The HFS of Fig. 6 has then embodied the frequency information in Fig. 4 medium-high frequency magnetic field.Therefore, FFT result can form 2 subclass (n=2).Wherein the 1st to 30 secondary frequency components will be as a frequency content subclass, and FFT result's the 200th to the 350th secondary frequency components will be as second frequency content subclass, and they are admitted to next module and classify.
Tagsort submodule 6.1: present embodiment utilizes one to have 30 input nodes shown in Fig. 5 left side, the BP neural network of 10 concealed nodes and 3 output nodes is classified to first frequency content subclass, the export target sign indicating number be (N2, N1, N0).At first utilize mathematical analysis, methods such as Computer Simulation and experiment obtain the BUCK circuit working in 3 kinds of standard state (circuit interruption mode of operation, electric current continuous operation mode, overpressure mode, k
1=3) the standard frequency composition subclass under, and it is encoded to (0,0,1) respectively, (0,1,0), (1,0,0).Utilize standard frequency composition subclass the BP neural network to be trained in advance as input signal.BP neural network after training will have the function of the similar input signal of identification, go thereby the frequency content subclass of measuring gained in real time can be referred in a certain in 3 kinds of standard state.
Tagsort submodule 6.2: present embodiment utilizes the totalizer on Fig. 6 right side, represents its accumulation result with M after second frequency content subclass added up.With M and some level threshold value M1, M2, M3 compares, thereby the waveform radio-frequency component is classified as (M＜M1), (M1＜M＜M2), (M2＜M＜M3), ((k in the wherein class among the M3＜M)
2=4).Level threshold value can be used and calculate, emulation, and means such as experiment obtain, in the present embodiment, M1=12, M2=22, M3=33.
Comprehensive diagnosis module 7: carry out analysis-by-synthesis and consideration by classification results, can obtain more detailed diagnostic result with module 6.1 and 6.2.In theory, a total k=k
1* k
2=3 * 4=12 kind array mode.By the research to BUCK circuit exemplary operation state, wherein 6 kinds of array modes have real physical significance as can be known.These 6 kinds of diagnostics tables that are combined to form the BUCK circuit, as shown in table 1.This diagnostics table has been expanded the scope of condition monitoring and fault diagnosis: in certain two kinds of duty of BUCK circuit, its low frequency magnetic field source has close duty, but the duty in its high frequency magnetic field source has obvious difference, and still can segment the two kinds of different states of telling by the difference of high-frequency signal this moment.
The device that utilizes present embodiment to propose is monitored the duty and the fault of BUCK circuit.Under different conditions of work, the result of gained is as shown in table 2.For example, when the circuit input voltage is 50V, when output current was 0A, neural network was output as (0.012,0.009,0.993), with three groups of standard codes relatively, it can be referred to " circuit interruption mode of operation " as can be known.Meanwhile, totalizer is output as M=6.314, and it satisfies (M＜M1), therefore, by look-up table 1, can judge circuit working in discontinuous current pattern and underloading as can be known after with three threshold ratios.When the circuit output current is respectively 0.8A and 1.0A, though the output of neural network all can be sorted out to " circuit continuous operation mode ", but both M values are different, the former M=8.8, and M＜M1 satisfies condition, latter M=16.31, M1＜M＜the M2 that satisfies condition, therefore, by look-up table 1, the former duty can be classified as " continuous current mode and underloading ", the latter then can classify as " continuous current mode and heavy duty ".
By table 2 as seen, the diagnostic result of device is consistent with the actual working state of circuit, and diagnostic result has reflected the duty of circuit faithfully, thereby has proved the validity of this device.
Table 1
Table 2
The above is a preferred embodiments of the present invention only, is not to be used to limit protection scope of the present invention.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any modification of being done, be equal to and replace and improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. the condition monitoring and fault diagnosis device of a Power Electronic Circuit is characterized in that, this device comprises magnetic field detection module (1), signal condition module (2), analog-to-digital conversion module (3) and fault diagnosis module (4);
Magnetic field detection module (1) is used to detect the magnetic field intensity of Power Electronic Circuit, and offers signal condition module (2) after the signal that detection obtains is converted into voltage signal;
Signal condition module (2) is used for the voltage signal that receives is amplified, and offers analog-to-digital conversion module (3);
Analog-to-digital conversion module (3) is used for the voltage signal after amplifying is carried out analog to digital conversion, and simulating signal is changed into digital signal, offers fault diagnosis module (4), and this digital signal is for characterizing the time-domain signal of Power Electronic Circuit magnetic field intensity;
Fault diagnosis module (4) is used for the digital signal that receives is analyzed, and obtains final diagnosis; Fault diagnosis module (4) comprise time-domain and frequency-domain modular converter (5), comprehensive diagnosis module (7) and n tagsort submodule (6.1,6.2 ..., 6.n); N is a positive integer, the quantity in existing Equivalent Magnetic Field source in the expression Power Electronic Circuit;
Time-domain and frequency-domain modular converter (5) is used for that time domain waveform is carried out frequecy characteristic and extracts, and obtains n class frequency composition subclass, and offer respectively the tagsort submodule (6.1,6.2 ..., 6.n);
Tagsort submodule (6.1,6.2 ..., 6.n) respectively received frequency content subclass is classified, obtain the pairing classification results of every class frequency composition subclass, a kind of standard operation state that this classification results is had for the pairing Equivalent Magnetic Field of this class frequency composition subclass source;
Comprehensive diagnosis module (7) is used for the classification results of each tagsort module is carried out further comprehensive diagnos, and each classification results compares the last diagnostic conclusion of tabling look-up and obtaining side circuit with the diagnostics table that pre-establishes.
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| CN102682189B (en) * | 2011-03-15 | 2015-11-18 | 深圳光启高等理工研究院 | A kind of magnetic field modeling |
| CN103048981A (en) * | 2013-01-14 | 2013-04-17 | 陈海波 | Remote fault diagnosis equipment and method based on engineering machine |
| CN103513094A (en) * | 2013-09-29 | 2014-01-15 | 天津理工大学 | Device and method for eliminating power system detection signal noise |
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| CN103941136A (en) * | 2013-12-23 | 2014-07-23 | 上海大郡动力控制技术有限公司 | Signal sampling circuit resistor-capacitor component short circuit and open circuit fault diagnosis method |
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| CN109738790B (en) * | 2019-01-28 | 2020-05-15 | 北京航空航天大学 | Combined neural network circuit fault diagnosis method considering fuzzy group pre-discrimination |
| CN112394292A (en) * | 2020-11-16 | 2021-02-23 | 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所 | Battery fault dynamic detection system |
| CN112394292B (en) * | 2020-11-16 | 2022-01-04 | 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所 | Battery fault dynamic detection system |
| CN113341351A (en) * | 2021-06-08 | 2021-09-03 | 广东技术师范大学 | Omnidirectional magnetic induction intensity testing instrument calibration and time-frequency testing method and device |
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