CN101819234B - Device and method for measuring AC mutual induction with compensation method - Google Patents
Device and method for measuring AC mutual induction with compensation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101819234B CN101819234B CN2010101563886A CN201010156388A CN101819234B CN 101819234 B CN101819234 B CN 101819234B CN 2010101563886 A CN2010101563886 A CN 2010101563886A CN 201010156388 A CN201010156388 A CN 201010156388A CN 101819234 B CN101819234 B CN 101819234B
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Abstract
The invention provides a new method for precisely measuring AC mutual induction amount by the compensator technology. The mutual induction amount is traced to the source to the measurement of resistance quantity value and frequency, and the uncertainty of two kinds of measurements can both reach 10-9 magnitudes or even more, thus the uncertainty of measurement mutual induction can at least reach 10-8 magnitudes. The most precise method for obtaining standard mutual induction amount, which is published in existing foreign literatures, is 'calculation mutual induction method', i.e. the mutual induction amount is calculated according to the measurement result of the physical dimension of the mutual inductor. Because of the limitation of physical dimension measurement accuracy degree, the uncertainty of foreign methods only can reach 10-6 magnitudes. The invention adopts direct digital synthesis technology to generate multiple paths of AC signals to ensure signal right angle characteristics. A constant current source is adopted to provide excitation for mutual induction to ensure that current flowing in a sampled resistance is always the same as the current flowing in the mutual inductor. The variation of pumping signal voltage does not affect the measuring process. A phase-locked amplifier as a null indicator based on the phase sensitive detection technology only acts on a signal with the same working frequency so as to eliminate noise and harmonic wave influence, and the resolution of the null indicator only reach 1*10-8. The new method provided by the invention can improve magnitude by 10 times compared with the existing foreign methods.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of new technology of setting up standard measurement equipment, in particular to a kind of apparatus and method of measuring AC mutual induction through penalty method.
Background technology
China has abundant rare earth metal resource, can be used for production high-quality magnetic material.The rare earth metal of China is mostly with the cheap outlet of raw-material form in the past, and these materials of overseas utilization are processed top-grade instrument (like the medical human NMR imaging instrument etc.) and are sold to China again, obtain massive profits.Change this situation and need make the characteristic of the magnetic measurement instrument precision measurement magnetic material of pin-point accuracy, make China also can produce the high-quality magnetic material with the rare earth resources of oneself.The accuracy of magnetic measurement instrument need be traceable to the magnetic flux standard and be guaranteed, so the magnetic flux standard is a kind of most important basic standard in the magnetic measurement field.In electrotechnics, accurate magnetic standard is derived by the mutual inductance of two coils.
Mutual induction amount is a significant quantity in the Techniques in Electromagnetic Measurement.In AC measurment, mutual inductance is because its excellent an angle of 90 degrees characteristic often is used as the right angle component supplier in the AC compensation device.In direct current measurement, then be usually used in providing standard magnetic flux.In addition, the raising of mutual induction amount uncertainty of measurement also has great value for other electricity, magnetics problems of measurement.
The most accurate method of delivering on the foreign literature at present of setting up the standard mutual inductor amount is to calculate mutual induction amount according to the result that the physical dimension of mutual inductor is measured.Because the restriction of physical dimension accuracy of measurement, domestic and international up till now measurement of mutual inductance technology still rests on the level of the seventies in last century, and uncertainty remains on 2 * 10
-6Magnitude never has new progress in recent decades.The present invention proposes new departure of a kind of precision measurement mutual inductance,, be traceable to the mutual inductance value measurement of frequency and resistance in conjunction with compensator technology and phase sensitive detection technology.The uncertain of frequency measurement is 10
-14Magnitude, the uncertainty of quantization Hall resistance benchmark also can reach 10
-9Magnitude.Therefore new departure of the present invention's proposition just is superior to existing scheme both at home and abroad on principle.
Summary of the invention
In order to realize the foregoing invention purpose; According to a first aspect of the invention, a kind of device through penalty method measurement AC mutual induction is provided, it is characterized in that; Said device comprises multi-channel signals generator, constant current source, digital lock-in amplifier and switch, and said multi-channel signals generator produces driving voltage
Bucking voltage
And reference voltage
Driving voltage
Be the reference voltage of constant current source, bucking voltage
With driving voltage
Frequency, amplitude and initial phase identical, reference voltage
Be and driving voltage
And bucking voltage
With square-wave signal frequently, said constant current source comprises driving voltage
Operational amplifier, impact damper and sampling resistor R
S, said digital lock-in amplifier in the process of measuring AC mutual induction, is being regulated driving voltage as the electric bridge zero indicator
Amplitude and phase place, the frequencies omega and the bucking voltage of said multi-channel signals generator
Phase place
Said electric bridge zero indicator is realized after the nulling, through to said frequencies omega and said reference resistance R
SMeasure, thus the measured value M of acquisition AC mutual induction.
Preferably, said measured value M equals said frequencies omega and said reference resistance R
SThe ratio of numerical value.
Preferably, in said apparatus according to the present invention, clock reference is provided, and Voltage Reference is provided by same voltage reference by same crystal oscillator.
Preferably, said multi-channel signals generator comprises wave memorizer, preserves the amplitude information of waveform in the said wave memorizer.
Preferably, using low-frequency ac signal is that said constant current source provides excitation, and uses said constant current source as mutual inductance electric current to be provided.
According to a second aspect of the invention, a kind of method through penalty method measurement AC mutual induction is provided, it is characterized in that said method is utilized multi-channel signals generator, constant current source, digital lock-in amplifier, switch and reference resistance R
SRealize the measurement to AC mutual induction, said method comprises step: said multi-channel signals generator produces driving voltage
Bucking voltage
And reference voltage
Driving voltage
Be the reference voltage of constant current source, bucking voltage
With driving voltage
Frequency, amplitude and initial phase identical, reference voltage
Be and driving voltage
And bucking voltage
With square-wave signal frequently; Regulate driving voltage
Amplitude and phase place, make said digital lock-in amplifier nulling as the electric bridge zero indicator; Regulate the frequencies omega and the bucking voltage of said multi-channel signals generator
Phase place
Make said electric bridge zero indicator realize nulling; Through to said frequencies omega and said reference resistance R
SMeasure, obtain the measured value M of AC mutual induction.
Preferably, said measured value M equals said frequencies omega and said reference resistance R
SThe ratio of numerical value.
Preferably, in said apparatus according to the present invention, clock reference is provided, and Voltage Reference is provided by same voltage reference by same crystal oscillator.
Preferably, said multi-channel signals generator comprises wave memorizer, preserves the amplitude information of waveform in the said wave memorizer.
Preferably, using low-frequency ac signal is that said constant current source provides excitation, and uses said constant current source as mutual inductance electric current to be provided.
In apparatus and method according to the present invention, adopt the low-frequency ac measurement scheme and, can reach 1 * 10 to the resolution of electric bridge zero indicator based on the technological digital lock-in amplifier of phase-sensitive detector (PSD)
-8Magnitude.The method has following advantage: the problems such as thermoelectrical potential when both having avoided direct current measurement have reduced skin effect under the high frequency state, eddy effect equal error source again.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is for measuring the synoptic diagram of the apparatus and method of AC mutual induction through penalty method.
Embodiment
The present invention has adopted the Direct Digital synthetic technology to provide stable and right angle ratio accurately, adopts the accurate measurement of the perfect tested impedance of four ends definition assurance.Fig. 1 shows the schematic representation of apparatus of measuring AC mutual induction through penalty method according to of the present invention.Mainly form: constant current source, mutual inductor M, switch S, bucking voltage by six parts
Lock-in amplifier and reference signal
Constant current source is by pumping signal
Amplifier Amp, impact damper Buffer and sampling resistor R
SForm.
The reference voltage for the constant current source;
with
frequency, amplitude and initial phase are equal compensation voltage;
with
with the frequency of the square wave signal, zero instrument as a reference signal.
This three road signal is produced by the multi-channel signals generator of a stylobate in direct digital frequency synthesis technology.And provide clock reference, same voltage reference that Voltage Reference is provided by same crystal oscillator.According to the principle of digital frequency synthesis technology, preserved the amplitude information of waveform in the wave memorizer, storage address is then corresponding one by one with the phase place of waveform, and the amplitude only Voltage Reference with DA is relevant, and the change of phase place does not influence amplitude.Through setting the address of storer, can make
and
this two-way power supply that accurately stable right angle ratio is provided.Therefore, the right angle characteristic of power supply is able to guarantee, can see simultaneously, owing to adopted constant-current source circuit, sampling resistor R
SVoltage lead and current feed be independently, guaranteed by the definition of strictness four ends of relatively impedance.
Mutual inductance is made up of former limit and two coils of secondary, and after former limit fed electric current, secondary induced voltage signal, and phase place turns to 90 degree.
Comprise two steps according to the method for the invention:
One, switch S is pushed 1 position,
With reference resistance R
SOn voltage compare.For desirable operational amplifier;
should be arranged but be subject to the reason that the actual open-loop gain of device raises and descends with frequency;
regulates the amplitude and the phase place of excitation voltage source
; Make the zero indicator nulling, have this moment
Two, switch S is pushed 2 positions,
compare with the output voltage of mutual inductance secondary.Because the output of mutual inductance secondary is wanted about phase shift 90 degree; Therefore need to make zero indicator nulling once more about about 90 degree of phase place
of regulating frequency ω and
.Know that from the introduction of front the variation of phase place does not influence amplitude.Simultaneously; Bucking voltage
is shared same D/A reference voltage with the driving voltage
that produces electric current; Both variations are synchronous, so this kind variation does not exert an influence to comparing process.
Therefore have:
(1) and (2) substitution (3), just derive the balance equation of new departure, also be the computing formula of mutual inductance simultaneously
The value of frequency and reference resistance can obtain value accurately through real-time measuring mode, so mutual induction amount M also just is determined exactly.Simultaneously can notice reference resistance R
SBe to insert by four terminal connections of resistors fully, eliminated the error that pin problem causes.
New departure that the present invention proposes has following advantage:
1) need not use the impedance phase shift network, directly accurate and stable right angle ratio is provided with digital technology;
The influence of phenomenon such as thermoelectrical potential when 2) having avoided direct current measurement;
3) owing to be low frequency measurement, problems such as skin effect, eddy effect under the high frequency state have been reduced;
4) simultaneously having realized relevant measurement method as the phase sensitive detection technology of the lock-in amplifier of zero indicator, also is important sharp weapon of undesired signal influence such as harmonic carcellation.
Operational amplifier in the metering circuit and power amplifier all need direct current supply, therefore they and electric battery and charging device are put together, shield with the brass case.Also comprised main measuring circuit in the shielded box, other device and element are all linked on the terminal block of shielded box through coaxial cable or multicore shielding line, thereby form whole measuring circuit.Be provided with double-point double-throw switch on the terminal block, in order to switch the circuit of twice balance.Testing used zero indicator is SR830 type lock-in amplifier, and the sensitivity of its minimum range is 2nV.Relative sensitivity is 1 * 10
-8
Adopt the AC mutual induction measuring system of the present invention's development as shown in the table to the measurement result of a standard mutual inductor:
| Sequence number | Measurement of mutual inductance value mH |
| 1 | 9.9975695 |
| 2 | 9.9975681 |
| 3 | 9.9975691 |
| 4 | 9.9975762 |
| 5 | 9.9975754 |
| 6 | 9.9975736 |
| 7 | 9.9975746 |
| Mean value | 9.9975724 |
| Standard deviation | 1.27E-07 |
Claims (6)
1. the device through penalty method measurement AC mutual induction is characterized in that said device comprises mutual inductor, multi-channel signals generator, constant current source, digital lock-in amplifier and switch, and said multi-channel signals generator produces driving voltage
Bucking voltage
And reference voltage
Driving voltage
Be the reference voltage of constant current source, bucking voltage
With driving voltage
Frequency, amplitude and initial phase identical, reference voltage
Be and driving voltage
And bucking voltage
With square-wave signal frequently, said constant current source comprises driving voltage
Operational amplifier, impact damper and reference resistance R
S, said digital lock-in amplifier can be used as the electric bridge zero indicator, and in the process of the AC mutual induction of measuring said mutual inductor, using low-frequency ac signal is that said constant current source provides excitation, and uses said constant current source as mutual inductor electric current to be provided, and is regulating driving voltage
Amplitude and phase place, the frequencies omega and the bucking voltage of said multi-channel signals generator
Phase place
Said electric bridge zero indicator is realized after the nulling, through to said frequencies omega and said reference resistance R
SMeasure, thereby obtain the measured value M of the AC mutual induction of said mutual inductor, said measured value M equals said frequencies omega and said reference resistance R
SThe ratio of numerical value.
2. device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in said device, by same crystal oscillator clock reference is provided, and by same voltage reference Voltage Reference is provided.
3. device according to claim 1 is characterized in that said multi-channel signals generator comprises wave memorizer, preserves the amplitude information of waveform in the said wave memorizer.
4. the method through penalty method measurement AC mutual induction is characterized in that said method is utilized multi-channel signals generator, constant current source, digital lock-in amplifier, switch and reference resistance R
SRealize that said method comprises step to the measurement of the AC mutual induction of mutual inductor:
Said multi-channel signals generator produces driving voltage
bucking voltage
and reference voltage
driving voltage
is the reference voltage of constant current source; Bucking voltage
is identical with frequency, amplitude and the initial phase of driving voltage
, and reference voltage
is and driving voltage
and the same square-wave signal frequently of bucking voltage
;
Using low-frequency ac signal is that said constant current source provides excitation, and uses said constant current source as mutual inductor electric current to be provided;
Regulate the amplitude and the phase place of driving voltage
, feasible said digital lock-in amplifier nulling as the electric bridge zero indicator;
Adjusting said multiplex signal generator frequency ω and the compensation voltage
phase
so that the bridge means the instrument to achieve zero means zero;
Through to said frequencies omega and said reference resistance R
SMeasure, obtain the measured value M of the AC mutual induction of said mutual inductor, said measured value M equals said frequencies omega and said reference resistance R
SThe ratio of numerical value.
5. method according to claim 4 is characterized in that, by same crystal oscillator clock reference is provided, and by same voltage reference Voltage Reference is provided.
6. method according to claim 4 is characterized in that said multi-channel signals generator comprises wave memorizer, preserves the amplitude information of waveform in the said wave memorizer.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010101563886A CN101819234B (en) | 2010-04-27 | 2010-04-27 | Device and method for measuring AC mutual induction with compensation method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010101563886A CN101819234B (en) | 2010-04-27 | 2010-04-27 | Device and method for measuring AC mutual induction with compensation method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101819234A CN101819234A (en) | 2010-09-01 |
| CN101819234B true CN101819234B (en) | 2012-05-23 |
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Families Citing this family (2)
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| CN103197109A (en) * | 2013-02-22 | 2013-07-10 | 云南电力试验研究院（集团）有限公司电力研究院 | Circuit impedance used for electric parameter precision measurement and voltage active compensator |
| EP3957958B1 (en) | 2019-08-05 | 2023-05-10 | Shenzhen Goodix Technology Co., Ltd. | Detection circuit of bridge sensor, chip and detection system |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS61129582A (en) * | 1984-11-29 | 1986-06-17 | Nippon Kokan Kk <Nkk> | Measuring method of mutual inductance |
| SU1553911A1 (en) * | 1988-07-29 | 1990-03-30 | Институт Электродинамики Ан Усср | Transformer bridge for measuring mutual inductance |
| CN1048555C (en) * | 1993-05-29 | 2000-01-19 | 黄良兆 | L, C testing circuit and multi-parameter measurer thereof |
| KR100351299B1 (en) * | 2000-07-31 | 2002-09-05 | 엘지산전 주식회사 | Measuring method for mutual inductance of induction motor |
| JP2006112833A (en) * | 2004-10-12 | 2006-04-27 | Soken Denki Kk | Inductance measuring instrument |
| CN201145737Y (en) * | 2008-01-04 | 2008-11-05 | 宁波三维电测设备有限公司 | Apparatus for measuring error of current transformer based on parameter measurement |
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2010
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