CN101818508A - Power control system and method of excavator - Google Patents
Power control system and method of excavator Download PDFInfo
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- CN101818508A CN101818508A CN 201010158942 CN201010158942A CN101818508A CN 101818508 A CN101818508 A CN 101818508A CN 201010158942 CN201010158942 CN 201010158942 CN 201010158942 A CN201010158942 A CN 201010158942A CN 101818508 A CN101818508 A CN 101818508A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a power control system of an excavator. The power control system is characterized by comprising a pressure sensor, a main pump displacement regulator, a revolution speed sensor and a loading calculation module, wherein the pressure sensor and the main pump displacement regulator are arranged on the outlet of a main pump, the revolution speed sensor is arranged on an engine, and the loading calculation module is arranged in the main controller; the pressure sensor, the revolution speed sensor and the main pump displacement regulator are respectively connected with the main controller and output engine revolution speed, throttle position and main pump displacement after being calculated by the loading calculation module to respectively control an actuating mechanism. The method is as follows: low load is a positive flow control mode; high load: a. when engine revolution speed is more than or equal to no-load speed* (1-7%), controlling by a constant power mode; and b. when the engine revolution speed is less than no-load speed* (1-7%), controlling by a limiting power mode. The invention controls by constant power comprehensive limiting power, gives consideration to the power output of a dynamic system on the premise of ensuring excavating force, dynamically adjusts the matching between the practical power of a hydraulic system and requirements, lowers power loss and reduces oil loss.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of excavator control system and method, be specifically related to a kind of system and method for excavator power control.
Background technology
A kind of like this measure that the traditional excavator hydraulic system and the control of motor are adopted: promptly guarantee the power input of hydraulic system, allow the input power of pump meet or exceed the power of actual demand for a long time, guaranteed that like this hydraulic system always works in the easy state of a kind of power, really can satisfy the requirement of work, but bring a large amount of power losses thus.
In order more effectively to utilize the power of motor, usually all adopt permanent power and variable pump, so-called permanent power and variable pump is more popular say be exactly the product of pressure and the flow of pump of pump be a constant, if this numerical value will occur during greater than the power of motor we normal say suppress car.So each designer with regard to its design philosophy, all must be make whole hydraulic system power infinitely near the power of motor and definitely can not be greater than the power of motor.In permanent power control, be divided into two parts: the one, the power control of pump inside: according to the control that the pump output pressure carries out pump delivery, when pressure raise, pump delivery reduced thereupon; When pressure reduced, pump delivery increased thereupon; When if the pressure of system is lower than pilot pressure then introduce pilot pressure its discharge capacity is controlled; The 2nd, external signal is to the control of the power of pump: the external signal of saying here is meant the comprehensive of all information relevant with the power control of pump of pilot operated system, principal pressure system, engine system or the like.
In addition, at present both at home and abroad adopt power limit to control excavator in addition, operation characteristic according to diesel engine, if it runs into the situation that load increases the weight of in running, can reduce rotating speed within the specific limits, improve moment of torsion, increase power output, thereby improve the acting ability automatically, to reach the purpose of permanent power.If but rotating speed descends too much, power output can reduce on the contrary, power output reaches capacity when rotating speed drops to than no-load speed low about 7%, be lower than this limit speed, power output descends suddenly, and pump delivery descends, and causes equipment slow in one's movements, power and response speed descend, the machine operation instability.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention provides a kind of excavator power control system and method, adopts this control system and method, satisfying under the power demand of hydraulic system, and the cpable of lowering power loss, the utilization rate of raising engine output reduces energy consumption.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of excavator power control system, comprise the pressure sensor and the main pump discharge capacity adjuster that are arranged at the main pump exit, be arranged at the speed probe at motor place and be arranged at the interior load calculation module of excavator master controller, the discharge capacity feedback end of the information output of described pressure sensor, speed probe and main pump discharge capacity adjuster is connected with described master controller respectively, and by exporting behind the described load calculation module arithmetic: (1) engine speed desired value or change amount are to described motor; (2) desired value of engine throttle position or change amount are to described motor; (3) desired value of main pump discharge capacity or change amount are to described main pump discharge capacity adjuster.
In the technique scheme, described main pump discharge capacity adjuster is an electromagnetic proportional valve, and its control end is connected with described master controller.
In the technique scheme, described positive flow control mode is: when executive component is idle, there is not pilot pressure on the oil pump, and swash plate pivot angle minimum, oil pump is only exported a spot of standby flow.Handle guide's handle, then set up in the hydraulic pilot loop with the proportional pressure of handle amount of deflection and control the displacement of change-over valve core and the discharge capacity of main pump.The flow of main pump and the operating rate of consequent executive component and pilot pressure, controlled pressure are in direct ratio.When the excavator underload, adopt positive flow control mode, so-called underload is digger operating device and works under normal pressure, and it is opposite, high load capacity is that equipment arrives the extreme higher position, this moment is because not acting of equipment, so the power of main pump output is all in the overflow and the pressure loss on the way, for avoiding loss, principle of the present invention is that permanent power adjusting has precedence over the power limit adjusting, by positive flow-control performance regulating action, permanent power and power limit participate in computing but do not play a leading role when underload; Permanent power performance leading role during high load capacity, operating limit power carries out auxiliary adjustment on this basis, is: at the initial stage (power output increase) that rotating speed descends, master controller is not intervened; After rotation speed change exceeds 7% (power output begins to reduce), just begin to reduce in proportion the discharge capacity of main pump, stop rotating speed to continue to descend, thereby rotary speed of diesel engine is maintained near the power limit point as far as possible, with this under the prerequisite of the power demand that satisfies hydraulic system, reduce power loss, save oil consumption.
For achieving the above object, the method and technology scheme that the present invention adopts is: a kind of excavator Poewr control method, (1) excavator are when underload, by positive flow control mode control; (2) excavator is when high load capacity: a. engine speed>=no-load speed * (1-7%): with permanent power mode control, engine speed is descended; B. engine speed<no-load speed * (1-7%): control in the power limit mode, engine speed stops to descend;
Described permanent power mode is: gather the main pump outlet pressure in real time, calculate the flow of the current action need of excavator according to actual condition, utilize main pump discharge capacity adjuster to carry out the flow adjustment, keep the main pump power output constant;
Described power limit mode is: when recording that the main pump output pressure reaches or surpassing oil pressure relief, guaranteeing that the main pump output pressure is constant under the prerequisite of the required force value of actual condition, control main pump discharge capacity adjuster reduces the main pump discharge capacity, and main pump power is reduced.
In the technique scheme, described main pump discharge capacity adjuster is an electromagnetic proportional valve, in described permanent power mode, according to the relation of electromagnetic proportional valve input current with aperture, calculates the control size of current that need be added on the electromagnetic proportional valve, finishes the adjustment to flow; In described power limit mode, be added to current value on the electromagnetic proportional valve by control, reduce the aperture of this electromagnetic proportional valve, finish minimizing to the main pump discharge capacity.
Because the technique scheme utilization, the present invention compared with prior art has following advantage:
1. the present invention is by being provided with main pump pressure sensor, speed probe and main pump discharge capacity adjuster, detect the duty of excavator in real time, the parameter input set is formed in load calculation module in the master controller, calculate the desired value or the change amount of real-time working condition required main pump pressure, engine speed and throttle position, hydraulic pressure discharge capacity, adjust the main pump flow by main pump discharge capacity adjuster, make the power demand of excavator hydraulic system and the power output of motor reach real-time coupling, and do not influence the dynamic property and the response speed of complete machine;
2. adopting permanent power adjusting to have precedence over power limit regulates, when underload, bring into play regulating action by positive flow-control, when high load capacity, permanent power performance leading role, operating limit power carries out auxiliary adjustment on this basis, reduce engine speed, improve moment of torsion, increase power output, improve the acting ability, behind (1-7%) of rotating speed less than motor no-load speed, guaranteeing under near the constant prerequisite the required force value of reality of main pump output pressure, reduce the main pump discharge capacity, stop rotating speed to continue to descend, thereby diesel engine speed is maintained near the power limit point as far as possible; Thereby control comprehensive power limit with permanent power and control, guaranteeing to take into account dynamic system power output under the digging force prerequisite, the coupling between the actual power demand of dynamic adjustments hydraulic system reduces power loss;
3. the present invention can differentiate general (low load) operating mode and the high capacity operating mode of excavator, when high load capacity, carry out the power switching controls, avoid hydraulic slip, save the consumption of oil mass, and guarantee soft property of the action of excavator under various operating modes and stationarity.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the control principle framework schematic diagram of the embodiment of the invention one;
Main pump pressure was controlled flow chart when Fig. 2 was the high load capacity of the embodiment of the invention one.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the present invention is further described:
Embodiment one: shown in Fig. 1,2, a kind of excavator power control system, comprise the pressure sensor and the electromagnetic proportional valve that are arranged at the main pump exit, be arranged at the speed probe at motor place and be arranged at the interior load calculation module of excavator master controller, the information output of described pressure sensor, speed probe and the control end of electromagnetic proportional valve are connected with described master controller respectively, and by exporting behind the described load calculation module arithmetic: (1) engine speed desired value or change amount are to described motor; (2) desired value of engine throttle position or change amount are to described motor; (3) desired value of main pump discharge capacity or change amount are to described main pump discharge capacity adjuster; Its control method is: (1) excavator is when underload, by positive flow control mode control; (2) excavator is when high load capacity: a. engine speed>=no-load speed * (1-7%): with permanent power mode control, engine speed is descended; B. engine speed<no-load speed * (1-7%): control in the power limit mode, engine speed stops to descend;
Described permanent power mode is: gather the main pump outlet pressure in real time, calculate the flow of the current action need of excavator according to actual condition, according to the relation of electromagnetic proportional valve input current with aperture, calculate the control size of current that need be added on the electromagnetic proportional valve, carry out the flow adjustment, keep the main pump power output constant;
Described power limit mode is: when recording that the main pump output pressure reaches or surpassing oil pressure relief, guaranteeing that the main pump output pressure is constant under the prerequisite of the required force value of actual condition, control is added to the current value on the electromagnetic proportional valve, reduce the aperture of this electromagnetic proportional valve, reduce the main pump discharge capacity, main pump power is reduced.
Described pressure sensor is: according to the magnitude of voltage of a 0.5v-4.5v of pressure output,
Require: (1) precision 1%;
(2) temperature compensation range-30 is ℃-120 ℃;
(3) serviceability temperature-40 ℃~120 ℃.
According to setting rotating speed and user's presetting condition of motor, table look-up and obtain engine output, be i.e. W=P * Q.Consider the efficient of transmission system and main pump, suppose to have in the engine output 70% by hydraulic pump conversion back output, engine output multiply by the power output of 70% acquisition hydraulic pump.The table of comparisons is as follows: with 20 tons of excavator motors is example, and this table checks in for the power contrast that corresponding motor manufacturer provides.
The rotating speed and the power table of comparisons
Idling lotus rotating speed | ??1650 | ??1750 | ??1830 | ??2000 | ??2250 |
Power (KW) | ??90 | ??94 | ??99 | ??108 | ??114 |
Work pattern and power train numerical table
MODE name | The underloading pattern | Mode standard | The heavy duty pattern |
Coefficient | ??0.8 | ??0.9 | ??1.0 |
Under underload, excavator is according to normal positive flow control mode running, that is to say that the operating rate of the flow of main pump and consequent executive component and pilot pressure, controlled pressure are in direct ratio; Under high load capacity, the power switching controls, (equipment has arrived maximum position to avoid power loss, but operating grip does not unclamp, the pumpage of this moment equals engine output divided by principal pressure, but at this moment executive component does not do work, after main pump pressure reaches overflow valve pressure, overflow and cause damage), reduce engine speed, power output increases, record rotating speed by engine speed sensor, when engine speed>=no-load speed * (1-7%), gather current main pump outlet pressure by the main pump pressure sensor, in the input load computing module, calculate the actual hydraulic pressure flow of needs according to actual condition,, calculate the control size of current that need be added on the electromagnetic proportional valve again according to the relation of electromagnetic proportional valve input current and valve opening, by the main controller controls electromagnetic proportional valve, control (guaranteeing that the main pump power output is constant) thereby finish according to the permanent power of principal pressure; On this basis, when recording engine speed<no-load speed * (1-7%), when the main pump pressure sensor output records that pressure reaches or surpasses oil pressure relief, power output begins to reduce, if engine speed descends again, will cause being short of power, thereby be controlled device with the principal pressure this moment, control procedure as shown in Figure 2, guaranteeing that output pressure is under the prerequisite of constant pressure required under the actual condition, adjust the aperture of electromagnetic proportional valve by master controller, reduction main pump discharge capacity as much as possible after principal pressure has downward trend, is adjusted pump governor pressure value and is stopped pressure decline, thereby stop rotating speed to continue to descend, engine speed is maintained near power limit point (just the main pump output pressure is about oil pressure relief) as far as possible.
Claims (4)
1. excavator power control system, it is characterized in that: comprise the pressure sensor and the main pump discharge capacity adjuster that are arranged at the main pump exit, be arranged at the speed probe at motor place and be arranged at the interior load calculation module of excavator master controller, the discharge capacity feedback end of the information output of described pressure sensor, speed probe and main pump discharge capacity adjuster is connected with described master controller respectively, and by exporting behind the described load calculation module arithmetic: (1) engine speed desired value or change amount are to described motor; (2) desired value of engine throttle position or change amount are to described motor; (3) desired value of main pump discharge capacity or change amount are to described main pump discharge capacity adjuster.
2. excavator power control system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described main pump discharge capacity adjuster is an electromagnetic proportional valve, and its control end is connected with described master controller.
3. excavator Poewr control method is characterized in that: (1) excavator is when underload, by positive flow control mode control; (2) excavator is when high load capacity: a. engine speed>=no-load speed * (1-7%): with permanent power mode control, engine speed is descended; B. engine speed<no-load speed * (1-7%): control in the power limit mode, engine speed stops to descend;
Described permanent power mode is: gather the main pump outlet pressure in real time, calculate the flow of the current action need of excavator according to actual condition, utilize main pump discharge capacity adjuster to carry out the flow adjustment, keep the main pump power output constant;
Described power limit mode is: when recording that the main pump output pressure reaches or surpassing oil pressure relief, guaranteeing that the main pump output pressure is constant under the prerequisite of the required force value of actual condition, control main pump discharge capacity adjuster reduces the main pump discharge capacity, and main pump power is reduced.
4. excavator Poewr control method according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described main pump discharge capacity adjuster is an electromagnetic proportional valve, in described permanent power mode, according to the relation of electromagnetic proportional valve input current with aperture, calculate the control size of current that need be added on the electromagnetic proportional valve, finish adjustment flow; In described power limit mode, be added to current value on the electromagnetic proportional valve by control, reduce the aperture of this electromagnetic proportional valve, finish minimizing to the main pump discharge capacity.
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