CN101813518A - Method and device for measuring photometric quantity of mesopic vision - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and a device for measuring photometric quantity of mesopic vision. In the measuring method, a spectrograph and a photopic vision luminosity probe are used for measuring relative spectral power distribution and photopic vision photometric quantity of measured light respectively; and the absolute spectral power distribution of the measured light is calculated through the relative spectral power distribution and photopic vision photometric quantity so as to calculate the photometric quantity of the mesopic vision of the measured light according to a mesopic vision model. The method can be suitable for any mesopic vision computation model and has higher measurement accuracy. The mesopic vision photometer combines the spectrograph and the photopic vision luminosity probe into measuring equipment, so that the measuring operation of the mesopic vision is convenient and the measuring equipment is suitable for measuring all light sources.

Description

A kind of measuring method of photometric quantity of mesopic vision and device thereof

[technical field]

The invention belongs to the optical radiation measurement field, be specifically related to a kind of measuring method and measurement mechanism thereof of photometric quantity of mesopic vision.

[background technology]

When the brightness of human eye light stimulus at about 3cd/m ²When above, mainly the vision that is obtained by the human eye cones claims photopic vision or cones's vision, and the photopic vision luminous efficiency function V (λ) of CIE regulation is basis and the foundation that current photometric is learned calculating, measurement and illumination Design.The brightness of light stimulus is about 0.001cd/m ²Below, promptly the vision that is mainly obtained by rod cells under the dark adatpation situation claims noctovision or rod cells vision, CIE has also stipulated noctovision luminous efficiency function V ' (λ) in nineteen fifty-one, and noctovision luminous efficiency function curve moves to the shortwave direction with respect to photopic vision luminous efficiency function curve.When brightness of illumination was between photopic vision and noctovision, promptly brightness was at 0.001cd/m ²～3cd/m ²Between the time, such as night-road illumination and traffic lighting etc., belong to the mesopic vision state, the cones of human eye and rod cells are simultaneously movable and interact in this state.The luminous efficiency function V of mesopic vision _m(λ) relevant with concrete illumination level, under mesopic vision conditions such as night illumination, the luminous efficiency function is with respect to the skew of photopic vision luminous efficiency function, as all using the photopic vision photometric standard, then can in photometric measurement calculating and illumination Design, produce inappropriate or even wrong result.

[summary of the invention]

In order to overcome defective of the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a kind of method of the easy to use and measurement mesopic vision photometric quantity that measuring accuracy is higher.

The mesopic vision photometric quantity measurement mechanism that provides a kind of precision higher is provided another object of the present invention.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has adopted following technical proposal:

A kind of measuring method of photometric quantity of mesopic vision is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:

(1) use spectrometer measurement by the relative spectral power distribution P of photometry _t(λ), the photopic vision luminosity probe that is complementary with the photopic vision luminous efficiency function V (λ) of spectrum sensitivity and CIE regulation is measured by the photopic vision light quantity G of photometry;

(2) by photopic vision light quantity G with by the relative spectral power distribution P of photometry _t(λ), calculate by the absolute light spectral power distributions P (λ) of photometry:

$P\left(\mathrm{\λ}\right)=\frac{G\·P_t\left(\mathrm{\λ}\right)}{683\underset{360}{\overset{830}{\∫}}{P}_t\left(\mathrm{\λ}\right)V\left(\mathrm{\λ}\right)\mathrm{d\λ}}---\left(1\right)$

(3) according to by the absolute light spectral power distributions P (λ) of photometry, by mesopic vision photometry Model Calculation mesopic vision photometric quantity.

In the present invention, utilize, obtain,, can guarantee under the condition of using arbitrary model, accurately to obtain the mesopic vision photometric quantity value by this value by the absolute light spectral power of photometry to by the photopic vision light quantity of photometry and the measurements and calculations of relative spectral.The measuring method of photometric quantity of mesopic vision of the present invention is applicable to any light source.

Similarly can also use spectrum sensitivity and noctovision luminosity probe to measure with the method for the invention by the noctovision shading value of photometry, by calculating photometric quantity of mesopic vision with quadrat method, but compare with the photopic vision luminosity probe, scotopic luminosity probe on the market seldom, technology is immature relatively, though therefore this method is feasible, practical application has difficulties.

The present invention can also do further to improve and be perfect:

The P that records by spectrometer _t(λ), the relative spectral sensitivity S of photopic vision luminous efficiency function V (λ) and described photopic vision luminosity probe _Rel(λ), calculate spectrum correction factor K, and be used for revising photopic vision light quantity G and obtain more accurate photopic vision light quantity G _c, spectrum resolution is repaiied COEFFICIENT K and can be undertaken by following formula:

$K=\frac{\underset{360}{\overset{830}{\∫}}{P}_t\left(\mathrm{\λ}\right)V\left(\mathrm{\λ}\right)\mathrm{d\λ}\underset{360}{\overset{830}{\∫}}{P}_s\left(\mathrm{\λ}\right)s_{\mathrm{rel}}\left(\mathrm{\λ}\right)\mathrm{d\λ}}{\underset{360}{\overset{830}{\∫}}{P}_t\left(\mathrm{\λ}\right)s_{\mathrm{rel}}\left(\mathrm{\λ}\right)\mathrm{d\λ}\underset{360}{\overset{830}{\∫}}{P}_s\left(\mathrm{\λ}\right)V\left(\mathrm{\λ}\right)\mathrm{d\λ}}---\left(2\right)$

P in the formula _tWhat (λ) record for described spectroscopic analysis system is distributed S by the relative spectral power of photometry _Rel(λ), s ' _Rel(λ) be respectively the relative spectral sensitivity of described photopic vision luminosity probe and noctovision luminosity probe, P _s(λ) be the known spectra distribute power of the standard sources that is used to calibrate described luminosity probe, V (λ) is the photopic vision luminous efficiency function of CIE recommendation.

With revised photopic vision light quantity G _cSubstitute the G in the formula (1), calculate by the absolute light spectral power distributions of photometry, to obtain higher absolute value precision, computing formula is as follows:

$P\left(\mathrm{\λ}\right)=\frac{G_c{P}_t\left(\mathrm{\λ}\right)}{683\underset{360}{\overset{830}{\∫}}{P}_t\left(\mathrm{\λ}\right)V\left(\mathrm{\λ}\right)\mathrm{d\λ}}---\left(3\right)$

P in the formula _tWhat (λ) record for described spectroscopic analysis system is distributed by the relative spectral power of photometry.

In the such scheme, mesopic vision photometry model is that the model or the X of CIE regulation touches the known mesopic vision photometry model of type or MOVE model or other.At present the reliable method of research mesopic vision photometry is the visual performance method, and people have obtained the various model of mesopic vision luminous efficiency function according to the visual performance method, X model for example, and MOVE model etc.:

1) .X model

V _m(λ)＝XV(λ)+(1-X)V′(λ) (5)

V wherein _m(λ) expression mesopic vision spectrum is looked the effect function.

$X=\frac{1}{0.599}{L}_m-\frac{0.001}{0.599}---\left(6\right)$

When photopic vision brightness is 0.001 nit X=0 when following; Photopic vision brightness is 0.6 nit when above, X=1.L _mBe mesopic vision brightness.By formula (5) (6) and record photopic vision and noctovision brightness L _p, L _sCan be in the hope of the V under any mesopic vision lighting condition _m(λ).

2) .MOVE model

M(x)V _m(λ)＝xV(λ)+(1-x)V′(λ)

$\frac{L_m}{K_{\mathrm{mm}}}=x\frac{L_p}{683}+(1-x)\frac{L_s}{1700}$

Wherein

x＝1.49+0.2821gI _m

$I_m=\frac{L_m\left(x\right)}{K_{\mathrm{mm}}\left(x\right)}=\frac{V_m({\mathrm{\λ}}_0,x)}{683}{L}_m\left(x\right)---\left(8\right)$

λ wherein ₀=555nm, K is satisfied in the optional position _Mm(x) V _m(λ ₀, x)=683.Record photopic vision and noctovision brightness L _p, L _s, can be in the hope of the V under any mesopic vision lighting condition by formula (7) (8) _m(λ).

λ wherein ₀=555nm, λ ' (λ ₀)=683/1700.

Go out the luminous efficiency function Vm (λ) of mesopic vision according to mesopic vision photometry Model Calculation, will be tried to achieve by the photometric quantity of mesopic vision of photometry with Vm (λ) weighted integral respectively by the absolute light spectral power P (λ) of photometry.

Perhaps, by (λ) being calculated, calculate by the photometric quantity of mesopic vision of photometry by photopic vision shading value and noctovision shading value according to mesopic vision photometry model by the noctovision shading value of photometry by the absolute light spectral power P (λ) of photometry and the noctovision luminous efficiency function V ' of CIE regulation.

The present invention also provides a kind of device of measuring photometric quantity of mesopic vision, it is a kind of mesopic vision photometer, comprise the photopic vision luminosity probe that the photopic vision luminous efficiency function V (λ) of a spectrometer that is used for the measure spectrum distribute power and spectrum sensitivity and CIE regulation is complementary, described spectrometer and photopic vision luminosity probe are electrically connected with same microelectronic processing unit.Be electrically connected with computer by microelectronic processing unit, have computer software directly to calculate mesopic vision photometric quantity.

Mechanical scanning type spectrometer or described spectrometer that above-mentioned spectrometer is made up of monochromator and photodetector are by the rapid spectrometer of detector array as electrooptical device.

In sum, the measuring method of photometric quantity of mesopic vision of the present invention can be used arbitrary mesopic vision computation model, measures easily and accurately by the photometric quantity of mesopic vision of photometry, is applicable to the measurement of any light source.Mesopic vision photometer of the present invention combines spectrometer and photopic vision probe, and easy to operate, applicability is strong.

[description of drawings]

Accompanying drawing 1 is CIE relative spectral luminous efficiency curve V (λ) (photopic vision) and V ' (λ) (noctovision).

Accompanying drawing 2 is mesopic vision photometer structural representations of the present invention.

[embodiment]

Mesopic vision photometer of the present invention as shown in Figure 2, spectrometer 1 and photopic vision luminosity probe 2 are electrically connected with same microelectronic processing unit 3, and are connected to computer.Spectrometer is the rapid spectrometer with detector array 1-1, the photopic vision luminous efficiency function V (λ) of the spectrum sensitivity match CIE regulation of photopic vision luminosity probe.In computer known photopic vision of storage and noctovision spectrum look imitate function V (λ), V ' (λ), the relative spectral sensitivity S of photopic vision luminosity probe _Rel(λ), the relative spectral power P of the standard lamp of calibration photopic vision luminosity probe _S(λ) and corresponding mesopic vision photometer calculate program.The light signal collection device 1-2 and the luminosity probe of spectrometer are measured simultaneously by photometry, obtain by the relative spectral sensitivity P of photometry _t(λ) with photopic vision light quantity G.Calculate the spectrum correction factor according to following formula,

$K=\frac{\underset{360}{\overset{830}{\∫}}{P}_t\left(\mathrm{\λ}\right)V\left(\mathrm{\λ}\right)\mathrm{d\λ}\underset{360}{\overset{830}{\∫}}{P}_s\left(\mathrm{\λ}\right)s_{\mathrm{rel}}\left(\mathrm{\λ}\right)\mathrm{d\λ}}{\underset{360}{\overset{830}{\∫}}{P}_t\left(\mathrm{\λ}\right)s_{\mathrm{rel}}\left(\mathrm{\λ}\right)\mathrm{d\λ}\underset{360}{\overset{830}{\∫}}{P}_s\left(\mathrm{\λ}\right)V\left(\mathrm{\λ}\right)\mathrm{d\λ}}$

K be multiply by G obtain having more high-precision photopic vision shading value G _CUtilize G _CWith by the relative spectral of photometry, calculate by the absolute light spectral power of photometry,

$P\left(\mathrm{\λ}\right)=\frac{G_c{P}_t\left(\mathrm{\λ}\right)}{683\underset{360}{\overset{830}{\∫}}{P}_t\left(\mathrm{\λ}\right)V\left(\mathrm{\λ}\right)\mathrm{d\λ}}---\left(3\right)$

Utilize the absolute light spectral power, calculate model, calculate by the photometric quantity of mesopic vision of photometry according to the mesopic vision photometer of CIE files specify.

Claims (6)

1. the measuring method of a photometric quantity of mesopic vision is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:

(1) use spectrometer measurement by the relative spectral power distribution P of photometry _t(λ), the photopic vision luminosity probe that is complementary with the photopic vision luminous efficiency function V (λ) of spectrum sensitivity and CIE regulation is measured by the photopic vision light quantity G of photometry;

(2) by photopic vision light quantity G with by the relative spectral power distribution P of photometry _t(λ), calculate by the absolute light spectral power distributions P (λ) of photometry:

$P\left(\mathrm{\λ}\right)=\frac{G{\·P}_t\left(\mathrm{\λ}\right)}{683\underset{360}{\overset{830}{\∫}}{P}_t\left(\mathrm{\λ}\right)V\left(\mathrm{\λ}\right)\mathrm{d\λ}};$

(3) according to by the absolute light spectral power distributions P (λ) of photometry, by mesopic vision photometry Model Calculation mesopic vision photometric quantity.

2. the measuring method of photometric quantity of mesopic vision according to claim 1 is characterized in that the relative spectral power distribution P that is recorded by spectrometer _t(λ), the relative spectral sensitivity S of photopic vision luminous efficiency function V (λ) and photopic vision luminosity probe _Rel(λ), calculate spectrum correction factor K, and be used for revising photopic vision light quantity G and obtain more accurate photopic vision light quantity Gc, with revised photopic vision light quantity Gc calculating by the absolute light spectral power distributions of photometry.

3. the measuring method of photometric quantity of mesopic vision according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that going out the luminous efficiency function Vm (λ) of mesopic vision, will be tried to achieve by the photometric quantity of mesopic vision of photometry with Vm (λ) weighted integral respectively by the absolute light spectral power P (λ) of photometry according to mesopic vision photometry Model Calculation.

4. according to the measuring method of claim 1 or 2 or 3 described photometric quantity of mesopic vision, it is characterized in that calculating by the photometric quantity of mesopic vision of photometry by photopic vision shading value and noctovision shading value according to mesopic vision photometry model according to (λ) being calculated by the noctovision shading value of photometry by the absolute light spectral power P (λ) of photometry and the noctovision luminous efficiency function V ' of CIE regulation.

5. device of measuring photometric quantity of mesopic vision, it is characterized in that comprising the photopic vision luminosity probe (2) that the photopic vision luminous efficiency function V (λ) of a spectrometer (1) that is used for the measure spectrum distribute power and spectrum sensitivity and CIE regulation is complementary, described spectrometer (1) and photopic vision luminosity probe (2) are electrically connected with same microelectronic processing unit (3).

6. mesopic vision photometer according to claim 5 is characterized in that the mechanical scanning type spectrometer that described spectrometer (1) is made up of monochromator and photodetector as the rapid spectrometer or the described spectrometer (1) of electrooptical device detector array (1-1).

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