CN101811754A - Activated carbon washing-resisting electrode and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Activated carbon washing-resisting electrode and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101811754A CN101811754A CN201010172825A CN201010172825A CN101811754A CN 101811754 A CN101811754 A CN 101811754A CN 201010172825 A CN201010172825 A CN 201010172825A CN 201010172825 A CN201010172825 A CN 201010172825A CN 101811754 A CN101811754 A CN 101811754A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the fields of sewage treatment and porous conducting materials, particularly discloses an activated carbon washing-resisting electrode and a preparation method and application thereof. The activated carbon washing-resisting electrode comprises a foamed nickel matrix, wherein activated carbon mixing material is attached to and filled in the surface and the holes of the foamed nickel matrix; the activated carbon mixing material comprises activated carbon, acetylene black, polytetrafluoroethylene and carboxymethylcellulose which have the mass ratio of 3-7:0.5-1.5:2-6.5:0.01-0.25; the preparation method of the activated carbon washing-resisting electrode comprises steps of preparing materials, adding carboxymethylcellulose, adding polytetrafluoroethylene, tabletting, and the like; and the application method of the activated carbon washing-resisting electrode for purifying sewage comprises steps of preparing a flow-through capacitor, connecting power supply, purifying sewage, and the like. The invention has the advantages of simple manufacture, economy, durability, good washing-resisting performance, quick pollution cleaning speed, and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to sewage treatment area and porous conductive material field, relate in particular to a kind of activated carbon electrodes and its production and application.
Background technology
Water prevention and cure of pollution are one of at present the most urgent in the world environmental problems.In the actual waters, sewage comprises that containing inorganic pollutant is main inorganic sewage, contain organic pollutant is main organic sewage, the double combined sewage that contains organism and inorganics and heavy metal containing sewage etc.Various sewage quality differences are big, complicated component, difficult treatment.
Gac activates under high temperature and anoxia condition with natural carbonaceous material and forms, it has very many micropores and huge specific surface area, has very strong physical adsorption ability, in addition, in the reactivation process of gac, can form some functional groups on the noncrystalline position on its surface, these functional groups make gac have chemisorption and performances such as catalyzed oxidation, reduction.These performances make gac can hold back macromolecular pollutent in the sewage, and can adsorb and remove some ions in the waste water effectively, thereby adsorb pollutants in waste water effectively; It combines with electrochemical reaction, can reach better absorption and removal effect usually.Because absorbent charcoal material is easy to get, cost is lower, in recent years, the whole bag of tricks that adopts gac to be used for sewage disposal has obtained extensive studies, various gac deionization electrodes occurred.This gac deionization electrode, having does not need acid-alkali regeneration, pollution-free, low power consumption and other advantages, has vast market prospect.Yet, need in absorbent charcoal material, add binding agent during the preparation electrode, the interpolation of binding agent can reduce the conductive capability of material; Simultaneously, since when bonding particle with particle between contact the specific surface area in the time of can reducing the reaction of material, the adsorption effect of reduction material at random.The addition that the reduces binding agent then bond effect of material is bad, and the work-ing life of the gac deionization electrode of preparation is very short.
In " research of bamboo charcoal matrix activated carbon electrode capactitance deionization simulator " (" Treatment of Industrial Water " 2009 the 3rd phases, author: Zhang Ling, Xia Changbin etc.) in the literary composition, the author has described a kind of sewage that is used for and has removed ionic bamboo charcoal matrix activated carbon electrode, adopt tetrafluoroethylene as binding agent, and add acetylene black as conductive agent, bamboo charcoal matrix activated carbon, tetrafluoroethylene and acetylene black are mixed the back with the nickel foam compression molding, make electrode.Kind electrode can overcome mixing material owing to having added the unfavorable effect that binding agent produces.But, the bamboo charcoal matrix activated carbon electrode of this structure and composition, the abrasion resistance on the electrode can be poor, and mix powder easily comes off when current scour, can only be used for the sewage disposal of stationary state, can not handle mobile sewage; The sewage quantity of handling in unit time is few, can't be applicable to the processing occasion that sewage quantity is big.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, provides a kind of: the activated carbon washing-resisting electrode that making simple, economy and durability, gac fixation, abrasion resistance can be good, can be used for reverse purge flow sewage; And a kind of technology simple, easy to operate, make the preparation method of activated carbon washing-resisting electrode fast; Also provide a kind of with low cost, simple to operate, scrubbing speed is fast, clearance is high, the application method that the activated carbon washing-resisting electrode of can be used for purifying waste water middle organic pollutant, metal ion and some compound non-organic ions is purified waste water.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention by the following technical solutions:
A kind of activated carbon washing-resisting electrode, comprise a nickel foam substrate, it is characterized in that: adhere in described nickel foam substrate surface and the hole and be filled with the gac mixing material, described gac mixing material comprises gac, acetylene black, tetrafluoroethylene and carboxymethyl cellulose, and the mass ratio of gac, acetylene black, tetrafluoroethylene, carboxymethyl cellulose is (3～7) in the described gac mixing material: (0.5～1.5): (2～6.5): (0.01～0.25).
Be to adopt acetylene black in the technique scheme of the present invention as conductive agent, because acetylene black density is less, and has excellent conducting performance, its particulate is dendritic and is connected with each other, branched structure can wrap up activated carbon granule, obviously increase the effective contact area between acetylene black and activated carbon granule and the activated carbon granule, simultaneously can also make acetylene black play the effect of raising agent, improve the monolithic conductive performance of mixing material, and increase its specific surface area, and then improve the absorption property of gac mixing material.
In described gac mixing material, the excessive space that will stop up the gac mixing material of the ratio of binding agent, reduce the specific surface area of reaction, and the amount of raising agent is excessive, then bond effect is bad, gac mixing material powder easily comes off, and causes the electrode abrasion resistance to reduce, and shorten work-ing life.By adopting the quality proportioning in the technique scheme, neither can stop up the space of gac mixing material, and can keep the stronger absorption property of gac, and gac mixing material and nickel foam skeleton can be bonded together well again, make the electrode slice of making that good abrasion resistance energy be arranged.
Further improvement as activated carbon washing-resisting electrode of the present invention:
Described activated carbon washing-resisting electrode is a sheet, and the carrying capacity of gac mixing material is 0.45kg/m on the described flaky activated carbon washing-resisting electrode
2～0.50kg/m
2
Described gac is preferably the bamboo charcoal matrix activated carbon, and its specific surface area can be 800m
2/ g～3000m
2/ g, its granular size is preferably 200 orders～500 orders.Adopt the bamboo charcoal matrix activated carbon to replace traditional wood material gac, because the specific surface area of bamboo charcoal matrix activated carbon is 2～5 times of common charcoal, its absorption property is better; And bamboo has, and growth cycle is short, output is high, the fast characteristic of becoming a useful person, and cost is lower, and can save the forest reserves.The bamboo charcoal matrix activated carbon just can be realized regeneration after slight backwash, and its efficient is constant substantially.
The porosity of described nickel foam substrate is preferably 80%～98%.Effect such as the skeleton of nickel foam substrate in electrode, its porous character make the surface in contact of gac mixing material and sewage long-pending bigger, thereby make the absorption of electrode and reacted surface long-pending bigger, the scrubbing better effects if.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of activated carbon washing-resisting electrode, may further comprise the steps:
(1) material is prepared: prepare a nickel foam substrate; Get the gac of 3～7 parts of quality and the acetylene black uniform mixing of 0.5～1.5 part of quality; Other gets the tetrafluoroethylene of 2～7 parts of quality, is mixed with the tetrafluoroethylene dispersion emulsion; Get the carboxymethyl cellulose of 0.01～0.25 part of quality again, be mixed with cmc soln;
(2) add carboxymethyl cellulose: in the mixture of above-mentioned gac and acetylene black, add deionized water, stir, to wherein adding ready cmc soln, stir then;
(3) add tetrafluoroethylene: in the mixture that above-mentioned steps (2) obtains, add the tetrafluoroethylene dispersion emulsion of preparing, be stirred to even mashed prod and occur;
(4) compressing tablet: described mashed prod is pressed into film, then described film and above-mentioned nickel foam substrate is forced together, dry (0.5h～3h gets final product) obtains described activated carbon washing-resisting electrode under 105 ℃～120 ℃ conditions.
Further improvement as preparation method of the present invention:
Among the above-mentioned preparation method, the mass concentration of described cmc soln is 0.05%～3%, and the mass concentration of described tetrafluoroethylene dispersion emulsion is 50%～75%.Adopt the tetrafluoroethylene dispersion emulsion of high density, can make the bond effect of gac mixing material better, thereby the anti-scouring effect of the electrode of preparation is better.
The present invention also provides a kind of usefulness application method that above-mentioned activated carbon washing-resisting electrode is purified waste water, and may further comprise the steps:
(1) preparation flow-thru capacitor: get a pair of above activated carbon washing-resisting electrode and make a flow-thru capacitor, be provided with water stream channel in the described flow-thru capacitor, described water stream channel is provided with water-in and water outlet;
(2) connect power supply: described flow-thru capacitor is connected with power supply, and wherein, the described activated carbon washing-resisting electrode of half quantity links to each other with the positive pole of power supply, and the activated carbon washing-resisting electrode of second half quantity links to each other with the negative pole of power supply;
(3) purify waste water: the water-in feeding flow velocity at described flow-thru capacitor is the sewage to be clean of 60mL/min～120mL/min, sewage is 10min～45min by the time in described water stream channel, the water after then can obtaining to purify from the water outlet of described flow-thru capacitor.
Further improvement as application method of the present invention:
In the above-mentioned application method, the spacing in the described flow-thru capacitor between adjacent two activated carbon washing-resisting electrodes is preferably 2cm～20cm.
In the above-mentioned application method, described power source voltage is preferably 1V～40V.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1, activated carbon washing-resisting electrode of the present invention adopts acetylene black as conductive agent and raising agent, can improve the monolithic conductive performance of mixing material, and then improve the absorption property of gac mixing material; Adopt carboxymethyl cellulose and tetrafluoroethylene as binding agent, the mixing material globality after the bonding is better, hardness is bigger, and the powder difficult drop-off makes the abrasion resistance energy of the electrode of making better, and longer service life can be used for reverse purge flow sewage; Adopt nickel foam as body material, because foam nickel material has a lot of holes, and its surface can make the electroconductibility of electrode better with the nickel conductive layer, and the gac mixing material on it can be filled in each hole, makes the combination between the two tightr, firm; The electrode slice of moulding has kept the porous performance, both can carry out preliminary filtration to sewage, can increase the area that sewage contacts with gac again, improves the efficient of sewage purification.Generally speaking, activated carbon washing-resisting electrode of the present invention is made simple, economy and durability, and the gac fixation, abrasion resistance can be good, can be used for reverse purge flow sewage.
2, the preparation method of activated carbon washing-resisting electrode of the present invention adds entry, carboxymethyl cellulose and tetrafluoroethylene successively in gac and acetylene black mixture, the electrode cohesiveness of preparation is good, the powder difficult drop-off.Preparation process technology of the present invention is simple, easy to operate; Need not reaction for a long time in the preparation process and wait for, make fast; The equal cost of used starting material is lower and the source is wider, makes the cost of electrode lower, can reduce the cost of sewage disposal to a great extent.
3, the application method that activated carbon washing-resisting electrode of the present invention is purified waste water, with low cost, simple to operate, stronger absorption property of gac and electrochemical reducting reaction are combined, can be under adsorptive power and effect of electric field with the pollutent in the water, be enriched in electrode surface in short period of time, the pollutent environment of high density is provided for follow-up electroreduction and oxidative degradation, thereby improve the reduction and the degradation efficiency of pollutent, and then raising clearance, accelerate scrubbing speed, middle organic pollutant can be used for purifying waste water, metal ion, and some compound non-organic ions; And can be widely used in flow-thru capacitor, for the optimization utilization of porous conductive material provides a new approach.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of activated carbon washing-resisting electrode of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the sectional structure synoptic diagram at A-A place among Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the user mode synoptic diagram that activated carbon washing-resisting electrode of the present invention is used to purify waste water.
Marginal data:
1, activated carbon washing-resisting electrode; 101, nickel foam substrate; 102, gac mixing material; 2, flow-thru capacitor; 201, water-in; 202, water outlet; 3, direct supply; 4, pneumatic pump.
Embodiment
Below with reference to Figure of description and specific embodiment the present invention is described in further details.
Embodiment 1:
Activated carbon washing-resisting electrode, and preparation method thereof
A kind of activated carbon washing-resisting electrode 1 as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, comprise a nickel foam substrate 101, adhere in nickel foam substrate 101 surfaces and the hole and be filled with gac mixing material 102, gac mixing material 102 comprises gac, acetylene black, tetrafluoroethylene and carboxymethyl cellulose, and the mass ratio of gac, acetylene black, tetrafluoroethylene, carboxymethyl cellulose is 3: 1.5: 2 in the gac mixing material 102: 0.01875.Activated carbon washing-resisting electrode 1 is a sheet, and the carrying capacity of gac mixing material is 0.45kg/m on the flaky activated carbon washing-resisting electrode 1
2～0.50kg/m
2
This activated carbon washing-resisting electrode 1 prepares by following steps:
(1) material is prepared:
A. at first, take by weighing the bamboo charcoal matrix activated carbon powder of 10g high-specific surface area, its specific surface area is 800m
2/ g～2000m
2/ g, its granular size is 200 orders～300 orders; HCl soaked overnight with 0.1mol/L is washed with distilled water to neutrality again, then, puts into baking oven, and is behind dry 2h under 105 ℃ of conditions, standby;
B. prepare a nickel foam substrate 101, the porosity of nickel foam substrate 101 is 80%～98%;
C. prepare 3g acetylene black, deionized water;
D. take mass concentration and be 75% tetrafluoroethylene dispersion emulsion, be diluted to mass concentration and be 50% tetrafluoroethylene dispersion emulsion;
E. take the carboxymethyl cellulose of analytical pure or chemical pure specification, and to be mixed with mass concentration be 0.5% cmc soln;
(2) get the pretreated bamboo charcoal matrix activated carbon powder of 6g, and with itself and 3g acetylene black uniform mixing;
(3) add carboxymethyl cellulose: in gac that obtains and acetylene black mixture, add deionized water 8mL, stir 1min; The mass concentration that adds preparation again is 0.5% cmc soln 15mL, stirs 5min;
(4) add tetrafluoroethylene: the mass concentration that adds preparation in the mixture that step (3) obtains is 50% tetrafluoroethylene dispersion emulsion 7mL, is stirred to even mashed prod and occurs;
(5) compressing tablet: mashed prod is pressed into film, with tabletting machine film and nickel foam substrate 101 is forced together, dry 30min under 120 ℃ of conditions promptly obtains above-mentioned activated carbon washing-resisting electrode 1.
This activated carbon washing-resisting electrode is removed Pb in the water
2+The ionic application method
Above-mentioned activated carbon washing-resisting electrode 1 is removed Pb in the water
2+The ionic application method may further comprise the steps:
(1) preparation flow-thru capacitor: get activated carbon washing-resisting electrode 1 that a pair of the foregoing description makes and make as shown in Figure 3 a flow-thru capacitor 2, spacing between two activated carbon washing-resisting electrodes 1 is 2cm, be provided with water stream channel in the flow-thru capacitor 2, water stream channel is provided with water-in 201 and water outlet 202;
(2) connect power supply: flow-thru capacitor 2 is connected with direct supply 3, and wherein, an activated carbon washing-resisting electrode 1 links to each other with the positive pole of direct supply 3, and an activated carbon washing-resisting electrode 1 links to each other with the negative pole of direct supply 3;
(3) purify waste water: contain Pb from water-in 201 feedings of flow-thru capacitor 2
2+Concentration is the solution of 250mg/L, and the flow velocity of solution is 60mL/min, and sewage is 45min by the time in water stream channel; With the voltage constant of direct supply 3 at 1V, flow-thru capacitor 2 bottoms also are circumscribed with a pneumatic pump 4, be used to the electrochemical redox reaction in pollutant removal and the removal process that gas is provided,, be the water after the purification from the water outlet 202 effusive liquid of flow-thru capacitor 2.
In above-mentioned scavenging process, take water sample from the water outlet 202 of flow-thru capacitor 2, through aas determination, the Pb in the water
2+Clearance basicly stable about 75.51%.
Embodiment 2:
Activated carbon washing-resisting electrode, and preparation method thereof
A kind of activated carbon washing-resisting electrode 1 as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, comprise a nickel foam substrate 101, adhere in nickel foam substrate 101 surfaces and the hole and be filled with gac mixing material 102, gac mixing material 102 comprises gac, acetylene black, tetrafluoroethylene and carboxymethyl cellulose, and the mass ratio of gac, acetylene black, tetrafluoroethylene, carboxymethyl cellulose is 4: 1: 2.3 in the gac mixing material 102: 0.0375.Activated carbon washing-resisting electrode 1 is a sheet, and the carrying capacity of gac mixing material is 0.45kg/m on the flaky activated carbon washing-resisting electrode 1
2～0.50kg/m
2
This activated carbon washing-resisting electrode 1 prepares by following steps:
(1) material is prepared:
A. at first, take by weighing the bamboo charcoal matrix activated carbon powder of 10g high-specific surface area, its specific surface area is 1500m
2/ g～2500m
2/ g, its granular size is 300 orders～400 orders; HCl soaked overnight with 0.1mol/L is washed with distilled water to neutrality again, then, puts into baking oven, and is behind dry 2h under 105 ℃ of conditions, standby;
B. prepare a nickel foam substrate 101, the porosity of nickel foam substrate 101 is 80%～98%.
C. prepare 2g acetylene black, deionized water;
D. prepare mass concentration and be 75% tetrafluoroethylene dispersion emulsion, be diluted to mass concentration and be 55% tetrafluoroethylene dispersion emulsion;
E. prepare the carboxymethyl cellulose of analytical pure or chemical pure specification, the preparation mass concentration is 1% cmc soln;
(2) get pretreated bamboo charcoal matrix activated carbon of 8g and 2g acetylene black uniform mixing;
(3) add carboxymethyl cellulose: in gac that obtains and acetylene black mixture, add deionized water 8mL, stir 1min; The mass concentration that adds preparation again is 1% cmc soln 15mL, stirs 5min;
(4) add tetrafluoroethylene: the mass concentration that adds preparation in the mixture that step (3) obtains is 55% tetrafluoroethylene dispersion emulsion 7mL, is stirred to even mashed prod and occurs;
(5) compressing tablet: mashed prod is pressed into film, with tabletting machine film and nickel foam substrate 101 is forced together, dry 30min under 120 ℃ of conditions promptly obtains above-mentioned activated carbon washing-resisting electrode 1.
This activated carbon washing-resisting electrode is removed Cu in the water
2+Ionic is used
Above-mentioned activated carbon washing-resisting electrode 1 is removed Cu in the water
2+The ionic application method may further comprise the steps:
(1) preparation flow-thru capacitor: get activated carbon washing-resisting electrode 1 that a pair of the foregoing description makes and make as shown in Figure 3 flow-thru capacitor 2, spacing between two activated carbon washing-resisting electrodes 1 is 4cm, be provided with water stream channel in the flow-thru capacitor 2, water stream channel is provided with water-in 201 and water outlet 202;
(2) connect power supply: flow-thru capacitor 2 is connected with direct supply 3, and wherein, an activated carbon washing-resisting electrode 1 links to each other with the positive pole of direct supply 3, and an activated carbon washing-resisting electrode 1 links to each other with the negative pole of direct supply 3;
(3) purify waste water: contain Cu from water-in 201 feedings of flow-thru capacitor 2
2+Concentration is the solution of 250mg/L, and the flow velocity of solution is 80mL/min; Sewage is 35min by the time in water stream channel, with the voltage constant of direct supply 3 at 5V, flow-thru capacitor 2 bottoms also are circumscribed with a pneumatic pump 4, be used to the electrochemical redox reaction in pollutant removal and the removal process that gas is provided, from the water outlet 202 effusive liquid of flow-thru capacitor 2, be the water after the purification.
In above-mentioned scavenging process, take water sample from the water outlet 202 of flow-thru capacitor 2, through aas determination, the Cu in the water
2+Clearance basicly stable about 66.01%.
Embodiment 3:
Activated carbon washing-resisting electrode and preparation thereof
A kind of activated carbon washing-resisting electrode 1 as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, comprise a nickel foam substrate 101, adhere in nickel foam substrate 101 surfaces and the hole and be filled with gac mixing material 102, gac mixing material 102 comprises gac, acetylene black, tetrafluoroethylene and carboxymethyl cellulose, and the mass ratio of gac, acetylene black, tetrafluoroethylene, carboxymethyl cellulose is 5: 0.5: 3.1 in the gac mixing material 102: 0.07.Activated carbon washing-resisting electrode 1 is a sheet, and the carrying capacity of gac mixing material is 0.45kg/m on the flaky activated carbon washing-resisting electrode 1
2～0.50kg/m
2
This activated carbon washing-resisting electrode 1 prepares by following steps:
(1) material is prepared:
A. at first, take by weighing the bamboo charcoal matrix activated carbon powder of 10g high-specific surface area, its specific surface area is 2000m
2/ g～3000m
2/ g, its granular size is 400 orders～500 orders; HCl soaked overnight with 0.1mol/L is washed with distilled water to neutrality again, then, puts into baking oven, and is behind dry 2h under 105 ℃ of conditions, standby;
B. prepare a nickel foam substrate 101, the porosity of nickel foam substrate 101 is 80%～98%.
C. prepare 0.8g acetylene black, deionized water;
D. prepare mass concentration and be 75% tetrafluoroethylene dispersion emulsion, be diluted to mass concentration and be 60% tetrafluoroethylene dispersion emulsion;
E. prepare the carboxymethyl cellulose of analytical pure or chemical pure specification, the preparation mass concentration is 1.5% cmc soln;
(2) get pretreated bamboo charcoal matrix activated carbon of 8g and 0.8g acetylene black uniform mixing;
(3) add carboxymethyl cellulose: in gac that obtains and acetylene black mixture, add deionized water 8mL, stir 1min; The mass concentration that adds preparation again is 1.5% cmc soln 15mL, stirs 5min;
(4) add tetrafluoroethylene: the mass concentration that adds preparation in the mixture that step (3) obtains is 60% tetrafluoroethylene dispersion emulsion 7mL, is stirred to even mashed prod and occurs;
(5) compressing tablet: mashed prod is pressed into film, with tabletting machine film and nickel foam substrate 101 is forced together, dry 30min under 120 ℃ of conditions promptly obtains above-mentioned activated carbon washing-resisting electrode 1.
This activated carbon washing-resisting electrode is removed Cr in the water
3+Ionic is used
Above-mentioned activated carbon washing-resisting electrode 1 is removed Cr in the water
3+The ionic application method may further comprise the steps:
(1) preparation flow-thru capacitor: get that a pair of the foregoing description makes activated carbon washing-resisting electrode 1 make as shown in Figure 3 a flow-thru capacitor 2, spacing between two activated carbon washing-resisting electrodes 1 is 8cm, be provided with water stream channel in the flow-thru capacitor 2, water stream channel is provided with water-in 201 and water outlet 202;
(2) connect power supply: flow-thru capacitor 2 is connected with direct supply 3, and wherein, an activated carbon washing-resisting electrode 1 links to each other with the positive pole of direct supply 3, and an activated carbon washing-resisting electrode 1 links to each other with the negative pole of direct supply 3;
(3) purify waste water: contain Cr from water-in 201 feedings of flow-thru capacitor 2
3+Concentration is the solution of 250mg/L, and the flow velocity of solution is 100mL/min; With the voltage constant of direct supply 3 at 1V, flow-thru capacitor 2 bottoms also are circumscribed with a pneumatic pump 4, be used to the electrochemical redox reaction in pollutant removal and the removal process that gas is provided, sewage is 25mim by the time in water stream channel, from the water outlet 202 effusive liquid of flow-thru capacitor 2, be the water after the purification.
In above-mentioned scavenging process, take water sample from the water outlet 202 of flow-thru capacitor 2, through aas determination, the Cr in the water
3+Clearance basicly stable about 55.40%.
Embodiment 4:
Activated carbon washing-resisting electrode and preparation thereof
A kind of activated carbon washing-resisting electrode 1 as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, comprise a nickel foam substrate 101, adhere in nickel foam substrate 101 surfaces and the hole and be filled with gac mixing material 102, gac mixing material 102 comprises gac, acetylene black, tetrafluoroethylene and carboxymethyl cellulose, and the mass ratio of gac, acetylene black, tetrafluoroethylene, carboxymethyl cellulose is 6: 1.5: 5.5 in the gac mixing material 102: 0.15.Activated carbon washing-resisting electrode 1 is a sheet, on the flaky activated carbon washing-resisting electrode 1 the gac mixing material carrying capacity be 0.45kg/m
2～0.50kg/m
2
This activated carbon washing-resisting electrode 1 prepares by following steps:
(1) material is prepared:
A. at first, take by weighing the bamboo charcoal matrix activated carbon powder of 10g high-specific surface area, its specific surface area is 800m
2/ g～2000m
2/ g, its granular size is 200 orders～300 orders; HCl soaked overnight with 0.1mol/L is washed with distilled water to neutrality again, then, puts into baking oven, and is behind dry 2h under 105 ℃ of conditions, standby;
B. prepare a nickel foam substrate 101, the porosity of nickel foam substrate 101 is 80%～98%.
C. prepare 1.5g acetylene black, deionized water;
D. prepare mass concentration and be 75% tetrafluoroethylene dispersion emulsion, be diluted to mass concentration and be 65% tetrafluoroethylene dispersion emulsion;
E. prepare the carboxymethyl cellulose of analytical pure or chemical pure specification, the preparation mass concentration is 2.0% cmc soln;
(2) get pretreated bamboo charcoal matrix activated carbon of 6g and 1.5g acetylene black uniform mixing;
(3) add carboxymethyl cellulose: in gac that obtains and acetylene black mixture, add deionized water 8mL, stir 1min; The mass concentration that adds preparation again is 2.0% cmc soln 15mL, stirs 5min;
(4) add tetrafluoroethylene: the mass concentration that adds preparation in the mixture that step (3) obtains is 65% tetrafluoroethylene dispersion emulsion 7mL, is stirred to even mashed prod and occurs;
(5) compressing tablet: mashed prod is pressed into film, with tabletting machine film and nickel foam substrate 101 is forced together, dry 30min under 120 ℃ of conditions promptly obtains above-mentioned activated carbon washing-resisting electrode 1.
This activated carbon washing-resisting electrode is removed the application of C.I. 42685 in the water
Above-mentioned activated carbon washing-resisting electrode 1 is removed the application method of C.I. 42685 in the water, may further comprise the steps:
(1) preparation flow-thru capacitor: get that a pair of the foregoing description makes activated carbon washing-resisting electrode 1 make as shown in Figure 3 a flow-thru capacitor 2, spacing between two activated carbon washing-resisting electrodes 1 is 12cm, be provided with water stream channel in the flow-thru capacitor 2, water stream channel is provided with water-in 201 and water outlet 202;
(2) connect power supply: flow-thru capacitor 2 is connected with direct supply 3, and wherein, an activated carbon washing-resisting electrode 1 links to each other with the positive pole of direct supply 3, and an activated carbon washing-resisting electrode 1 links to each other with the negative pole of direct supply 3;
(3) purify waste water: contain the solution that C.I. 42685 concentration is 200mg/L from water-in 201 feedings of flow-thru capacitor 2, the flow velocity of solution is 60mL/min; Sewage is 30min by the time in water stream channel, with the voltage constant of direct supply 3 at 1V, flow-thru capacitor 2 bottoms also are circumscribed with a pneumatic pump 4, be used to the electrochemical redox reaction in pollutant removal and the removal process that gas is provided, from the water outlet 202 effusive liquid of flow-thru capacitor 2, be the water after the purification.
In above-mentioned scavenging process, take water sample from the water outlet 202 of flow-thru capacitor 2, to measure through visible spectrophotometry, the clearance of the C.I. 42685 in the water is basicly stable about 91.76%.
Embodiment 5:
Activated carbon washing-resisting electrode and preparation thereof
A kind of activated carbon washing-resisting electrode 1 as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, comprise a nickel foam substrate 101, adhere in nickel foam substrate 101 surfaces and the hole and be filled with gac mixing material 102, gac mixing material 102 comprises gac, acetylene black, tetrafluoroethylene and carboxymethyl cellulose, and the mass ratio of gac, acetylene black, tetrafluoroethylene, carboxymethyl cellulose is 6: 1: 6 in the gac mixing material 102: 0.1875.Activated carbon washing-resisting electrode 1 is a sheet, and the carrying capacity of gac mixing material is 0.45kg/m on the flaky activated carbon washing-resisting electrode 1
2～0.50kg/m
2
This activated carbon washing-resisting electrode 1 prepares by following steps:
(1) material is prepared:
A. at first, take by weighing the bamboo charcoal matrix activated carbon powder of 10g high-specific surface area, its specific surface area is 1500m
2/ g～2500m
2/ g, its granular size is 300 orders～400 orders; HCl soaked overnight with 0.1mol/L is washed with distilled water to neutrality again, then, puts into baking oven, and is behind dry 2h under 105 ℃ of conditions, standby;
B. prepare a nickel foam substrate 101, the porosity of nickel foam substrate 101 is 80%～98%.
C. prepare 6g acetylene black, deionized water;
D. prepare mass concentration and be 75% tetrafluoroethylene dispersion emulsion, be diluted to mass concentration and be 70% tetrafluoroethylene dispersion emulsion;
E. prepare the carboxymethyl cellulose of analytical pure or chemical pure specification, be mixed with mass concentration and be 2.5% cmc soln;
(2) get pretreated bamboo charcoal matrix activated carbon of 6g and 1g acetylene black uniform mixing;
(3) add carboxymethyl cellulose: in gac that obtains and acetylene black mixture, add deionized water 8mL, stir 1min; The mass concentration that adds preparation again is 2.5% cmc soln 15mL, stirs 5min;
(4) add tetrafluoroethylene: the mass concentration that adds preparation in the mixture that step (3) obtains is 70% tetrafluoroethylene dispersion emulsion 7mL, is stirred to even mashed prod and occurs;
(5) compressing tablet: mashed prod is pressed into film, with tabletting machine film and nickel foam substrate 101 is forced together, dry 30min under 120 ℃ of conditions promptly obtains above-mentioned activated carbon washing-resisting electrode 1.
This activated carbon washing-resisting electrode is removed the application of rhodamine B in the water
Above-mentioned activated carbon washing-resisting electrode 1 is removed the application method of rhodamine B in the water, may further comprise the steps:
(1) preparation flow-thru capacitor: get that a pair of the foregoing description makes activated carbon washing-resisting electrode 1 make as shown in Figure 3 a flow-thru capacitor 2, spacing between two activated carbon washing-resisting electrodes 1 is 16cm, be provided with water stream channel in the flow-thru capacitor 2, water stream channel is provided with water-in 201 and water outlet 202;
(2) connect power supply: flow-thru capacitor 2 is connected with direct supply 3, and wherein, an activated carbon washing-resisting electrode 1 links to each other with the positive pole of direct supply 3, and an activated carbon washing-resisting electrode 1 links to each other with the negative pole of direct supply 3;
(3) purify waste water: contain the solution that rhodamine B concentration is 50mg/L from water-in 201 feedings of flow-thru capacitor 2, the flow velocity of solution is 80mL/min; Sewage is 35min by the time in water stream channel, with the voltage constant of direct supply 3 at 1V, flow-thru capacitor 2 bottoms also are circumscribed with a pneumatic pump 4, be used to the electrochemical redox reaction in pollutant removal and the removal process that gas is provided, from the water outlet 202 effusive liquid of flow-thru capacitor 2, be the water after the purification.
In above-mentioned scavenging process, take water sample from the water outlet 202 of flow-thru capacitor 2, through determined by ultraviolet spectrophotometry, the clearance of the rhodamine B in the water is basicly stable about 86.02%.
Embodiment 6:
Activated carbon washing-resisting electrode and preparation thereof
A kind of activated carbon washing-resisting electrode 1 as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, comprise a nickel foam substrate 101, adhere in nickel foam substrate 101 surfaces and the hole and be filled with gac mixing material 102, gac mixing material 102 comprises gac, acetylene black, tetrafluoroethylene and carboxymethyl cellulose, and the mass ratio of gac, acetylene black, tetrafluoroethylene, carboxymethyl cellulose is 7: 0.5: 6.5 in the gac mixing material 102: 0.225.Activated carbon washing-resisting electrode 1 is a sheet, and the carrying capacity of gac mixing material is 0.45kg/m on the flaky activated carbon washing-resisting electrode 1
2～0.50kg/m
2
This activated carbon washing-resisting electrode 1 prepares by following steps:
(1) material is prepared:
A. at first, take by weighing the bamboo charcoal matrix activated carbon powder of 10g high-specific surface area, its specific surface area is 2000m
2/ g～3000m
2/ g, its particle diameter are 400 orders～500 orders; HCl soaked overnight with 0.1mol/L is washed with distilled water to neutrality again, then, puts into baking oven, and is behind dry 2h under 105 ℃ of conditions, standby;
B. prepare a nickel foam substrate 101, the porosity of nickel foam substrate 101 is 80%～98%.
C. prepare 0.5g acetylene black, deionized water;
D. prepare mass concentration and be 75% tetrafluoroethylene dispersion emulsion;
E. prepare the carboxymethyl cellulose of analytical pure or chemical pure specification, the preparation mass concentration is 3.0% cmc soln;
(2) get pretreated bamboo charcoal matrix activated carbon of 7g and 0.5g acetylene black uniform mixing;
(3) add carboxymethyl cellulose: in gac that obtains and acetylene black mixture, add deionized water 8mL, stir 1min; The mass concentration that adds preparation again is 3.0% cmc soln 15mL, stirs 5min;
(4) add tetrafluoroethylene: the mass concentration that adds preparation in the mixture that step (3) obtains is 75% tetrafluoroethylene dispersion emulsion 7mL, is stirred to even mashed prod and occurs;
(5) compressing tablet: mashed prod is pressed into film, with tabletting machine film and nickel foam substrate 101 is forced together, dry 30min under 120 ℃ of conditions promptly obtains above-mentioned activated carbon washing-resisting electrode 1.
This activated carbon washing-resisting electrode is removed the application of phenol in the water
Above-mentioned activated carbon washing-resisting electrode 1 is removed the application method of phenol in the water, may further comprise the steps:
(1) preparation flow-thru capacitor: get that a pair of the foregoing description makes activated carbon washing-resisting electrode 1 make as shown in Figure 3 a flow-thru capacitor 2, spacing between two activated carbon washing-resisting electrodes 1 is 20cm, be provided with water stream channel in the flow-thru capacitor 2, water stream channel is provided with water-in 201 and water outlet 202;
(2) connect power supply: flow-thru capacitor 2 is connected with direct supply 3, and wherein, an activated carbon washing-resisting electrode 1 links to each other with the positive pole of direct supply 3, and an activated carbon washing-resisting electrode 1 links to each other with the negative pole of direct supply 3;
(3) purify waste water: contain the solution that phenol concentration is 500mg/L from water-in 201 feedings of flow-thru capacitor 2, the flow velocity of solution is 120mL/min, sewage is 25min by the time in water stream channel, with the voltage constant of direct supply 3 at 1V, flow-thru capacitor 2 bottoms also are circumscribed with a pneumatic pump 4, be used to the electrochemical redox reaction in pollutant removal and the removal process that gas is provided,, be the water after the purification from the water outlet 202 effusive liquid of flow-thru capacitor 2.
In above-mentioned scavenging process, take water sample from the water outlet 202 of flow-thru capacitor 2, through 4-aminoantipyrene colorimetric method for determining, the clearance of phenol is basicly stable about 88.06% in the water.
The application of activated carbon washing-resisting electrode of the present invention not only is confined to remove the pollutent that the foregoing description is enumerated, other organic pollutant, heavy metal ion and some compound non-organic ions during it also can be used for purifying waste water; Activated carbon washing-resisting electrode of the present invention also is not limited only to the application in above-mentioned flow-thru capacitor, applies it to other trash-removal devices but application method and the present invention do not have the technical scheme of substantial differences all in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. activated carbon washing-resisting electrode, comprise a nickel foam substrate, it is characterized in that: adhere in described nickel foam substrate surface and the hole and be filled with the gac mixing material, described gac mixing material comprises gac, acetylene black, tetrafluoroethylene and carboxymethyl cellulose, and the mass ratio of gac, acetylene black, tetrafluoroethylene, carboxymethyl cellulose is (3～7) in the described gac mixing material: (0.5～1.5): (2～6.5): (0.01～0.25).
2. activated carbon washing-resisting electrode according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described activated carbon washing-resisting electrode is a sheet, and the carrying capacity of gac mixing material is 0.45kg/m on the described flaky activated carbon washing-resisting electrode
2～0.50kg/m
2
3. activated carbon washing-resisting electrode according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described gac is the bamboo charcoal matrix activated carbon, and its specific surface area is 800m
2/ g～3000m
2/ g, its granular size is 200 orders～500 orders.
4. activated carbon washing-resisting electrode according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: the porosity of described nickel foam substrate is 80%～98%.
5. the preparation method of an activated carbon washing-resisting electrode may further comprise the steps:
(1) material is prepared: prepare a nickel foam substrate; Get the gac of 3～7 parts of quality and the acetylene black uniform mixing of 0.5～1.5 part of quality; Other gets the tetrafluoroethylene of 2～7 parts of quality, is mixed with the tetrafluoroethylene dispersion emulsion; Get the carboxymethyl cellulose of 0.01～0.25 part of quality again, be mixed with cmc soln;
(2) add carboxymethyl cellulose: in the mixture of above-mentioned gac and acetylene black, add deionized water, stir, to wherein adding ready cmc soln, stir then;
(3) add tetrafluoroethylene: in the mixture that above-mentioned steps (2) obtains, add the tetrafluoroethylene dispersion emulsion of preparing, be stirred to even mashed prod and occur;
(4) compressing tablet: described mashed prod is pressed into film, then described film and above-mentioned nickel foam substrate is forced together, dry under 105 ℃～120 ℃ conditions, obtain described activated carbon washing-resisting electrode.
6. the preparation method of activated carbon washing-resisting electrode according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: the mass concentration of described cmc soln is 0.05%～3%, the mass concentration of described tetrafluoroethylene dispersion emulsion is 50%～75%.
7. one kind with the application method of purifying waste water as each described activated carbon washing-resisting electrode in the claim 1～4, may further comprise the steps:
(1) preparation flow-thru capacitor: get a pair of above activated carbon washing-resisting electrode and make a flow-thru capacitor, be provided with water stream channel in the described flow-thru capacitor, described water stream channel is provided with water-in and water outlet;
(2) connect power supply: described flow-thru capacitor is connected with power supply, and wherein, the described activated carbon washing-resisting electrode of half quantity links to each other with the positive pole of power supply, and the activated carbon washing-resisting electrode of second half quantity links to each other with the negative pole of power supply;
(3) purify waste water: the water-in feeding flow velocity at described flow-thru capacitor is the sewage to be clean of 60mL/min～120mL/min, sewage is 10min～45min by the time in described water stream channel, the water after then can obtaining to purify from the water outlet of described flow-thru capacitor.
8. the application method that activated carbon washing-resisting electrode according to claim 7 is purified waste water is characterized in that: the spacing in the described flow-thru capacitor between adjacent two activated carbon washing-resisting electrodes is 2cm～20cm.
9. the application method of purifying waste water according to claim 7 or 8 described activated carbon washing-resisting electrodes, it is characterized in that: described power source voltage is 1V～40V.
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| CN102789904A (en) * | 2011-05-18 | 2012-11-21 | 深圳振华富电子有限公司 | Preparation method and applications of electrode plate |
| CN105097136A (en) * | 2015-09-02 | 2015-11-25 | 陈曦 | Preparation method of activated carbon electrode |
| CN113754021A (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2021-12-07 | 南京公诚节能新材料研究院有限公司 | Method for preparing capacitive deionization electrode |
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| CN1330043A (en) * | 2001-06-25 | 2002-01-09 | 清华大学 | Multi-stage electric capacitance deionizer |
| CN1371521A (en) * | 1999-07-30 | 2002-09-25 | 马奇·D·安德曼 | Flow-through capacitor and method |
| EP1555244A2 (en) * | 2004-01-16 | 2005-07-20 | Korea Institute Of Science And Technology | Carbon-porous media composite electrode and preparation method thereof |
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| CN1371521A (en) * | 1999-07-30 | 2002-09-25 | 马奇·D·安德曼 | Flow-through capacitor and method |
| CN1330043A (en) * | 2001-06-25 | 2002-01-09 | 清华大学 | Multi-stage electric capacitance deionizer |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102789904A (en) * | 2011-05-18 | 2012-11-21 | 深圳振华富电子有限公司 | Preparation method and applications of electrode plate |
| CN102789904B (en) * | 2011-05-18 | 2015-11-11 | 深圳振华富电子有限公司 | Electrode slice preparation method and application |
| CN105097136A (en) * | 2015-09-02 | 2015-11-25 | 陈曦 | Preparation method of activated carbon electrode |
| CN113754021A (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2021-12-07 | 南京公诚节能新材料研究院有限公司 | Method for preparing capacitive deionization electrode |
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