CN101806005B - Paper pulp making method capable of reducing large amount of waste liquid and lowering consumption of materials - Google Patents
Paper pulp making method capable of reducing large amount of waste liquid and lowering consumption of materials Download PDFInfo
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- CN101806005B CN101806005B CN201010140992XA CN201010140992A CN101806005B CN 101806005 B CN101806005 B CN 101806005B CN 201010140992X A CN201010140992X A CN 201010140992XA CN 201010140992 A CN201010140992 A CN 201010140992A CN 101806005 B CN101806005 B CN 101806005B
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- 229920001131 Pulp (paper) Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
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- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 27
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- 241000235935 Hilaria belangeri Species 0.000 claims description 17
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 claims description 2
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- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
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- KZDMWVBUOTWRDX-UHFFFAOYSA-J sodium cerium(3+) tetrahydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+].[Ce+3].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-] KZDMWVBUOTWRDX-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
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- 229910021332 silicide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 9
- FVBUAEGBCNSCDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicide(4-) Chemical compound [Si-4] FVBUAEGBCNSCDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 8
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- 239000003317 industrial substance Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000004537 pulping Methods 0.000 description 8
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- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 5
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- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
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- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 4
- JKQOBWVOAYFWKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum trioxide Chemical compound O=[Mo](=O)=O JKQOBWVOAYFWKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- Paper (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a paper pulp making method capable of reducing large amount of waste liquid and lowering consumption of materials. The method comprises the following steps of: before boiling pulp, cutting, crushing, rolling and screening rice straw, reed or wheat straw which serves as a raw material; removing impurities, such as silicide, micromolecular hemicellulose, starch, lignin, sand soil and the like from the mixture to reduce pollutants of black liquid to an amount which is only one-third of that generated by the conventional method; and adopting a kneading method pulp-boiling reaction to produce various kinds of high-quality paper pulp by using less chemical raw materials and at a lower temperature and under a lower pressure. By adopting the method, more than two-thirds of paper-making black liquid is reduced; For production of every 1 ton of paper pulp, by the method of the invention, more than 500 kilograms of standard coal are saved, more than 100 kilograms of sodium hydroxide are less used, the production cost and the requirement on the strength of the equipment are lowered, useful resources, of which the weight is more than 30 percent of that of raw materials, are obtained, and more than half of the value of raw materials is recovered. The method has the advantages of energy conservation, emission reduction, synergy, safety, and recycling wastes; and after the method is popularized, huge social benefits, environmental protection benefits and economic benefits are created.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of grass as raw material such as straw, straw, reed of using, with the improvement that chemical method is made the method for paper pulp, is a kind of paper pulp making method of energy reducing large amount of waste liquid and lowering consumption of materials specifically.
Technical background
China, India etc. are the few country of timber per capita, is raw material with careless class mainly, makes paper pulp with chemical method.Straw paper per ton will produce the mashing off black liquor about 10 tons, and the papermaking straw pulp method black liquor amount of China will reach more than one hundred million tons.The main component of this black liquor is silicide, micromolecule hemicellulose, lignin, sandy soil etc., also contains not the NaOH that consumes, vulcanized sodium etc.The discharging of this black liquor causes serious pollution to environment, and each state all forbids to discharge, and how solving the black liquor discharging is a great problem of paper-making industry.Some bigger paper mills concentrate this black liquor, burn, and reclaim the inorganic raw materials such as alkali in the black liquor.But, containing a lot of silicides in the straw pulp black liquor, fuel value is low.Also because siliceous many, the inorganic raw material of recovery, of poor quality, be difficult to utilize again.
And to consume a large amount of energy when reclaim concentrating, only this paper per ton will consume nearly 1 ton standard coal.In addition, the handlebar black liquor is as the report of nonferrous metallurgy adhesive, the also report of handlebar black liquor system sulfonated lignin.The patent No. of inventor application is: ZL200610016610.6, name are called: the patented method of " being carboxymethyl hemicellulose sodium of raw material and preparation method thereof with the black liquid ".Be mainly used in the oil drilling industry with the made carboxymethyl hemicellulose sodium of this patented method.But limited the market consumption of products such as the metallurgical adhesive of black liquor system, sulfonated lignin, carboxymethyl hemicellulose sodium, the black liquor with respect to more than one hundred million tons is a drop in the ocean.The regulation that is limited to national blowdown method, relevant enterprise have to concentrate black liquor, burning, will consume a large amount of energy like this, and the discharging carbon dioxide, is not to be able to and for it way.
In addition, chemical method papermaking straw pulp, paper per ton will consume the alkali of amounting to about 500 kilograms, be under 160-180 ℃ high temperature, and mashing off under the high pressure of 0.7-0.8MPa.Like this, the one, consume a large amount of industrial chemicals; The 2nd, High Temperature High Pressure will consume a large amount of energy, produces a large amount of carbon dioxide, and contaminated air influences environment; The 3rd, the High Temperature High Pressure operation is produced dangerous big; The 4th, big to production equipment corrosivity; The 5th, hemicellulose, cellulose that the High Temperature High Pressure mashing off makes a part can generate paper pulp are entered in the black liquor by water-soluble, have increased waste liquid amount, have reduced product.Handlebar timber is through mechanical jordaning, the technology of manufacture-yellow look wrapping paper, but can not be the papermaking of raw material defibrination with grass.In recent years useful enzyme soaks the report of grass as raw material papermaking, but technology is immature, can only produce pilgrim paper, and useful lime soaks the method for papermaking, also can only make coarse pilgrim paper.Though blowdown is few relatively for this several method, energy resource consumption is low, can only produce coarse yellow paper, can not satisfy the requirements at the higher level of people to paper.Up to the present countries in the world all are to adopt the chemical method straw pulp to make paper, just can produce and satisfy the qualified paper that people require.
In sum, the chemical method papermaking straw pulp is a kind of shortcoming with high pollution, high-energy source consumption, but must not obsolete papermaking process.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is at above-mentioned deficiency, it is thread to provide a kind of elder generation that grass as raw material is broken into the hair sample, isolate the impurity that can generate the black liquor pollution thing, use mechanical kneading method again, increase the mashing off reaction speed, can reduce the paper pulp making method that waste liquid produces, reduces industrial chemicals and energy resource consumption.
The technical scheme that realizes the object of the invention is:
The paper pulp making method of this energy reducing large amount of waste liquid and lowering consumption of materials comprises the steps:
(1) chaffcutter: the grass section that the moisture of air dry is cut into the 30-50 millimeter less than 14% grass as raw material with chaffcutter.
(2) smash: (1) gained grass section, with being furnished with long 20 millimeters, the beater disintegrating machine of wide 1.5 millimeters seam hole sizer sheets breaks into hair-like grass silk and powder.
(3) screening: hair-like grass silk of (2) gained and powder, send into double-deck screen shale shaker, the sieve upper strata gets hair-like grass silk, sieve middle level and gets 10 purpose small particles, sieves lower floor and get 40 purpose powders.
(4) roll: the small particle that the sieve middle level obtains, pour mangle into, small particle is rolled into the mixture of short grass silk and powder.
(5) screening: the mixture of (4) gained short grass silk and powder, send into 20 order vibrating screens, get short grass silk and powder respectively; The hair-like grass silk of (3), (5) gained and short grass silk mix careless silk, confession mashing off paper grade (stock).(3), (5) gained powder are mixed, utilize again, wherein with straw, when straw is raw material, can get rice chaff.
(6) mediate: (5) gained grass silk, drop in the kneader, pouring goes into to contain the hot alkaline solution of 3-5% effective alkali, drenches amount 2.5-4 times for grass silk gross weight; Kneading is warming up to 98 ± 2 ℃, and insulation was mediated 10-15 minute, and extremely the grass silk forms homogeneous system with alkali lye, and careless silk is swelled into congee shape thing by alkali lye.
(7) mashing off: (6) gained congee shape thing is put into the enamel still that strap clamp overlaps, be warming up to 110-130 ℃, under 0.1-0.25MPa pressure, insulation mashing off 1-3 hour gets the good slurry of hydrolysis, puts into pulp storage tank.
(8) shove: the good slurry of (7) gained hydrolysis, send into extruding black liquor in the press master, get thick natural color pulp, the black liquor of extruding is sent into black liquor storage pond.
(9) pulp washing removes sand: the thick natural color pulp of (8) gained, with the water logging bubble of 8-12 times of weight, remove impurity such as sandy soil through sand cleaning machine, extrude moisture content again, get true qualities paper pulp.
(10) bleaching: in the clorox of (9) gained natural color pulp immersion 5%, placed 6-12 hour, extrude moisture content again, get the wet pulp of papermaking.
For convenient transportation, also can be (10) gained wet pulp, the oven dry of drying machine gets white paper pulp, packing.
Described grass as raw material is meant raw materials such as straw, reed or wheat straw.
Described effective alkali is meant the pure cerium hydroxide sodium content.Sometimes also in alkali, add an amount of vulcanized sodium, the consumption of vulcanized sodium, 0.63 times of calculating of weight of pressing vulcanized sodium is in effective alkali content.
The preparation of alkali lye is pressed law of dilution and is calculated promptly: V
1N
1=V
2N
2,
Wherein: N
1Be meant the weight percent concentration of wanting obtain solution, V
1Be meant the weight of wanting obtain solution, N
2Being meant the weight percent concentration of purchasing liquid caustic soda, generally is the concentration of 30-40%, V
2Be meant the liquid caustic soda weight that needs adding, i.e. V
2=V
1N
1/ N
2
Described mangle is to roll in annular to be provided with two stone matter rolling wheels in the groove, and rolling wheel is cycle rotation under the drive of motor and reductor, can be rolled into grass silk and powder to (3) gained granule.Kneader is a kind of can the extruding material strongly and the chemical industry equipment that stirs.
Described rice chaff is meant that rural area, south rice producing region shells paddy rice, pulverizes the powdered rice hulls that produces and is called rice chaff, and the north is called thick rice chaff.Be mainly used in feed industry, also be used for the culture medium, compacting rice husk plate, disposable tableware of fungi plant etc. at present.
Outstanding substantive technical characterstic of the present invention is, the impurity that can not generate paper pulp to silicide contained in the grass as raw material, micromolecule hemicellulose, starch, lignin, sandy soil etc. before mashing off is separated earlier, make the pollutant black liquor that only produces existing method about 1/3 in the mashing off process, adopt the reaction of kneading method mashing off again, with less industrial chemicals, lower temperature, lower pressure are produced the high-quality paper pulp that can make various paper.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1, reduced the generation of the black liquid of serious environment pollution, reduction is more than 2/3 of general chemical pulping, has played very significantly emission reduction effect.
2, few because of the black liquor output, energy resource consumption when having reduced the evaporation and concentration black liquor, removed impurity mashing off amount reduces in addition, further save the energy again, 1 ton of qualified paper pulp of every production is than general chemical pulping, save the standard coal more than 500 kilograms, obtain obvious energy-saving effect, reduced emission of carbon-dioxide simultaneously.
3, reduce the consumption of industrial chemicals, adopted the inventive method, 1 ton of qualified paper pulp of every production, comparable general chemical pulping is used the NaOH more than 100 kilograms less, has reduced production cost.
4, adopt method of the present invention, reduced temperature, the pressure of mashing off reaction, increased the security of producing, reduced the corrosion of equipment, also reduced requirement equipment intensity.
5, adopt method of the present invention, can obtain the rice chaff of hay class raw material weight more than 30%, the useful resources that exploitation makes new advances, only this is that recoverable raw material grass is worth the expense more than 50%, creates extraordinary economic benefit.Because rice chaff essence is the reactant of general chemical pulping pollutant black liquor, so also played the effect that turns waste into wealth.
In sum, adopt paper pulp making method of the present invention, played energy-conservation, reduction of discharging, synergy, safely, the beneficial effect of turning waste into wealth, after applying, will produce huge social benefit, environmental benefit and economic benefit.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment that provides and test example, the present invention is further described, the invention is not restricted to embodiment, the equivalence of being done with technical solution of the present invention changes, and all belongs to protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1: be the paper pulp making method of raw material with dry rice straw
The dry rice straw that takes by weighing 2000 kilograms is a raw material, makes paper pulp, and its method is as follows:
(1) 2000 kilograms of moisture less than 14% dry rice straw, be cut into the grass section of 30-40 millimeter with chaffcutter.
(2), break into hair-like grass silk and powder with beater disintegrating machine (1) gained grass section.
(3) hair-like grass silk of (2) gained and powder are sent into double-deck screen shale shaker, get 1040 kilograms hair-like grass silk, 482 kilograms 10 order small particles, 458 kilograms 40 order powders.
(4) small particle is poured into mangle, be rolled into short grass silk and powder, cross 20 order vibrating screens and get 260 kilograms short grass silk and 210 kilograms 20 order powders.The hair-like grass silk of (3), (4) gained and short grass silk put together the grass thread of 1300 kilograms of gross weights, (3), (5) gained powder mix the powder of 668 kilograms of gross weights.This powder is a rice chaff, can dress up 25 kilograms/bag, is sold to Feed Enterprise.
(5) in the plastic tank that 4020 premium on currency are housed, the industrial liquified hydrogen sodium oxide molybdena that injects 531 kilograms of content 30% stirs, and gets the NaOH of 4550 kilograms of content 3.5%, and is standby.
(6) with 22 cubic metres kneader, divide four kneadings, pour 325 kilograms of grass silks at every turn, drench 3.5% sodium hydroxide solution with heating tube, be warming up to 98 ± 2 ℃, be incubated 10 minutes into 1516.5 kilograms 75 ℃, the grass silk is mixed with alkali lye, and be swelled into congee shape thing.
After treating that (7) (6) gained congee shape thing is all put into reactor, the logical steam of unlatching chuck valve makes and is warmed up to 120 ℃ in the still, and pressure 0.12MPa is incubated 2 hours, puts into slurry can.
(8) (7) gained input press master, extruding black liquor gets thick natural color pulp, and reclaims 2800 kilograms of black liquor.
(9) the thick natural color pulp of (8) gained, with the water logging bubble of 10 times of weight,, remove impurity such as sandy soil through sand cleaning machine, extrude waste wash liquor again, get true qualities paper pulp.
(10) (9) gained true qualities paper pulp, immerse in 5% clorox, stir, room temperature was placed 8 hours, extruded 5 tons of bleaching effluents, got the paper grade (stock) wet pulp.
(11) (10) gained wet pulp is dropped into drying machine drying, get white qualified paper pulp.
(12) the qualified paper pulp of (11) gained white, weigh 698 kilograms qualified paper pulp.Be packaged into 25 kilograms/bag with baling press, for paper grade (stock).
Also can not dry and directly make various paper with wet pulp.As being this paper pulp and the inventor's the patent No.: ZL200410010974.4, name is called: " a kind of method of making raw material manufacturing paper pulp with feather " prepared azelon paper pulp mixing papermaking, can make various medium-to-high grade paper.Especially with system industrial filter paper, automobile filter core paper, laboratory filter paper better effects if.
(13) (8) gained black liquor, the patent No. with the inventor is: ZL200610016610.6, name is called: the patented method of " being carboxymethyl hemicellulose sodium of raw material and preparation method thereof with the black liquid ", and make carboxymethyl hemicellulose and receive, as oil field drilling fluids.
Also can be called middle section water to the sewage of (9), (10) generation, import sewage treatment equipment and handle, recycling.
Embodiment 2: be the paper pulp making method of raw material with dried reed
The dried reed that takes by weighing 500 kilograms is a raw material, makes paper pulp, and its method is as follows:
(1) 500 kilograms of moisture less than 14% dried reed, be cut into the grass section of 30-40 millimeter with chaffcutter.
(2) (1) gained grass section is broken into hair-like grass silk and powder with beater disintegrating machine.
(3) hair-like grass silk of (2) gained and powder are sent into double-deck screen shale shaker, get 265 kilograms of hair-like grass silks, 102 kilogram of 10 order small particle, 118 kilogram of 40 order powder.
(4) small particle is poured into mangle, be rolled into short grass silk and powder, cross 20 order vibrating screens and get 58 kilograms of short grass silks and 43 kilogram of 20 order powder.The hair-like grass silk of (3), (4) gained and short grass silk put together 323 kilograms of grass of gross weight thread, (3), (5) gained powder mix the powder of 161 kilograms of gross weights.Can be pressed into various implements with this powder, also can mix black liquor and send boiler to make fuel.
(5) in the plastic tank that 870 premium on currency are housed, inject the industrial liquified hydrogen sodium oxide molybdena of 100 kilograms of content 30%, drop into 30 kilograms vulcanized sodium again, stir standby.
(6) in the kneader of 2 cubic metres of (4) gained grass silk inputs, drench (5) gained, be warming up to 98 ± 2 ℃, be incubated 13 minutes, the grass silk is mixed with alkali lye, and be swelled into the congee shape, put into reactor.
(7) feed steam in reacting kettle jacketing, make still temperature rise to 125 ℃, pressure 0.13MPa is incubated 100 minutes, and blowing is gone in the slurry can.
(8) (7) gained input press master, extruding black liquor gets thick natural color pulp, reclaims 580 kilograms of black liquor.
(9) the thick natural color pulp of (8) gained, soak with 10 times of water gagings, through sand cleaning machine, remove impurity such as sandy soil, extrude 2.8 tons of waste wash liquors again, get true qualities paper pulp.
(10) (9) gained true qualities paper pulp, immerse in 5% clorox, stir, room temperature was placed 6 hours, extruded 1.5 tons of bleaching effluents, got the paper grade (stock) wet pulp.
(11) (10) gained is dropped into drying machine drying, get white qualified paper pulp.
(12) (11) gained, weigh 180 kilograms of qualified paper pulp.Use baling press, be packaged into 25 kilograms/bag, for paper grade (stock).
Also can not dry and directly make various paper with wet pulp.As being this paper pulp and the inventor's the patent No.: ZL200410010974.4, name is called: " a kind of method of making raw material manufacturing paper pulp with feather " prepared azelon paper pulp mixing papermaking, can make various medium-to-high grade paper.
(13) with the inventor's the patent No. be (8) gained black liquor: ZL200610016610.6, name is called: the patented method of " being carboxymethyl hemicellulose sodium of raw material and preparation method thereof with the black liquid ", make carboxymethyl hemicellulose and receive.Middle section water (9), (10) produce imports sewage treatment equipment, the water of handling well recycling.
Embodiment 3: be the paper pulp making method of raw material with dried wheat straw
The dried wheat straw that takes by weighing 500 kilograms is a raw material, makes paper pulp, and its method is as follows:
(1) 500 kilograms of moisture less than 14% dried wheat straw, be cut into the grass section of 40-45 millimeter with chaffcutter.
(2) (1) handy beater disintegrating machine is broken into hair-like grass silk and powder.
(3) hair-like grass silk of (2) gained and powder.Send into double-deck screen shale shaker, obtain 230 kilograms of hair-like grass silks, 149 kilogram of 40 order small particle, 115 kilogram of 40 order powder.
(4) small particle is poured into mangle, be rolled into short grass silk and powder, cross 20 order vibrating screens and get 72 kilograms of short grass silks and 75 kilogram of 20 order powder.The hair-like grass silk of (3), (4) gained and short grass silk put together the grass thread of 302 kilograms of gross weights, (3), (5) gained powder mix the powder of 190 kilograms of gross weights.This powder can be sold to cultivated mushroom (mushroom) specialist and make culture medium usefulness.
(5) in the plastic tank that 1000 premium on currency are housed, the liquified hydrogen sodium oxide molybdena that injects 114 kilograms of content 40% stirs, and gets the sodium hydrate aqueous solution of 1114 kilograms of content 4%, and is standby.
(6) (4) gained grass silk, drops in 2 cubic metres the kneader, drench (5) gained, be warming up to 98 ± 2 ℃, be incubated 10 minutes, grass thread and alkali lye are mixed, and be swelled into the congee shape, put into reactor.
(7) feed steam in reacting kettle jacketing, make still temperature rise to 115 ℃, pressure 0.12MPa is incubated 2 hours, and blowing is gone in the slurry can.
(8) (7) gained input press master, extruding black liquor gets thick natural color pulp, reclaims 603 kilograms of black liquor.
(9) the thick natural color pulp of (8) gained, soak with 10 times of water gagings, through sand cleaning machine, remove impurity such as sandy soil, extrude 2.9 tons of waste wash liquors again, get true qualities paper pulp.
(10) (9) gained true qualities paper pulp, immerse in 5% clorox, stir, room temperature was placed 8 hours, extruded 1.8 tons of bleaching effluents, got wet pulp.
(11) (10) gained wet pulp is dropped into drying machine drying and get white qualified paper pulp.
(12) the qualified paper pulp of (11) gained white, weigh 172 kilograms of qualified paper pulp.Use baling press, be packaged into 25 kilograms/bag, for paper grade (stock).
Also can not dry and directly make various paper with wet pulp.As being this paper pulp and the inventor's the patent No.: ZL200410010974.4, name is called: " a kind of method of making raw material manufacturing paper pulp with feather " prepared azelon paper pulp mixing papermaking, can make various medium-to-high grade paper.
(13) with the inventor's the patent No. be (8) gained black liquor: ZL200610016610.6, name is called: the patented method of " being carboxymethyl hemicellulose sodium of raw material and preparation method thereof with the black liquid ", make carboxymethyl hemicellulose and receive.(9), (10) are produced middle section water, import sewage treatment equipment, the water of handling well recycling.
Main raw material source in the various embodiments described above: dry rice straw: pick up from the suburb, Jilin, Gu Dianzixiang.Reed: pick up from lucky long highway north line, left tame reservoir wetland.Wheat straw: pick up from Linzi District phoenix town, Shandong Zibo city.NaOH: the 30-40% liquified hydrogen sodium oxide molybdena that Ji Hua company produces.Vulcanized sodium: chemical plant, Dagu, Tianjin.
Capital equipment source among each embodiment: chaffcutter: Linyi, Shandong first machinery plant.Pulverizer: beater disintegrating machine, honest agricultural machinery factory, Dandong.Vibrating screen: Jilin Chuanying District grain machinery factory.Mangle: Jilin spark machinery plant.
Test example 1: with the testing result of the prepared paper pulp of the inventive method
For checking beneficial effect of the present invention, with 1 kilogram of the qualified paper pulp of embodiment 1 gained white, send Jilin Province's light industrial products quality monitoring testing station, pulp property is detected testing result such as table 1 according to GB/T1678-1993:
Table 1
| Test item | Unit | Standard-required | Measured result | Conclusion | |
| 1 | Beating degree | SR | 45° | 44.6 | Qualified |
| 2 | Quantitatively | g/m 2 | 60 | 60.8 | Qualified |
| 3 | Burst index | KPa·m 2/g | ≥3.10 | 3.34 | Qualified |
| 4 | Tensile index | N·m/g | ≥43.6 | 45.2 | Qualified |
| 5 | The fracture index | mN·m 2/g | ≥4.00 | 4.08 | Qualified |
| 6 | Whiteness | ％ | ≥77.0 | 78.2 | Qualified |
Conclusion: the every index with the prepared paper pulp of the inventive method meets the requirement of GB/T1678-1993 national standard fully.
Test example 2: the testing result of the writing paper that the paper pulp that makes with the inventive method is made
With 2 tons of the white qualified paper pulp of embodiment 1 gained, send paper industry company of Liaoning Panjin Hengchang, with 1575 paper machines, industrialization system writing paper, get made writing paper pattern, send Jilin Province's light industrial products quality monitoring testing station, the performance of made paper detected testing result such as table 2 according to GB12654-1990:
Table 2
Conclusion: every index of the writing paper made from the prepared paper pulp of the inventive method meets the requirement of GB12654-1990 national standard fully.
Test example 3: the testing result of making tableware of the accessory substance rice chaff of the inventive method
Gained powder (rice chaff) among the embodiment 2,3, add 25% and adopt the inventor's the patent No. to be: ZL200410011190.3, name is called: " a kind of protein film and preparation method thereof " obtained protein adhesive, mix, use forcing press, be pressed into disposable lunch-box, as tableware.Send Jilin Province's light industrial products quality monitoring testing station this cutlery box sample, with reference to GB18006-1999 made cutlery box carried out ruggedness test, testing result such as table 3:
Table 3
| Test item | Standard-required | Measured result | Conclusion | |
| 1 | Heatproof test (water-fast 95 ± 5 ℃ oil, water, 60 ℃ of environment constant temperature 30min) | No distortion, peeling, wrinkling, no smear, leakage | Meet the requirements | Qualified |
| 2 | Tableware bears a heavy burden and tests (3kg bears a heavy burden under the room temperature) | Height change≤5% | 1.6 | Qualified |
| 3 | Fall-down test (1 meter height) | No rhegma | Meet the requirements | Qualified |
Conclusion: with reference to GB18006-1999 to the heatproof of the tableware made of the accessory substance rice chaff of the inventive method, fall, performance such as heavy burden tests, comply with the national standard requirements fully.
Test example 4: the application of the accessory substance rice chaff of the inventive method
4 tons of embodiment 1,3 gained powders (rice chaff), offer Changchun Kuancheng District triumphant return protein feed factory and use.Practical application shows, the yellowish homogeneous of this rice chaff appearance color, and fineness degree is even, the group of beating not, free from extraneous odour.Respectively add 5% rice chaff in fattening pannage, laying-hen compound feed, it is very good that the user uses the back effect.
The principle summary of the inventive method:
1, material composition:
Grass as raw material of the present invention all is an arthrophyte, generally is the stem of 4-10 joint, and stem is wrapped in by petiole, grows microscler leaf on the petiole.The straw paper making raw material all is hollow.
Be example with the straw below, the chemical analysis at each position is described: straw length 600-1050 millimeter, the average dry weight of individual plant are 1.87 grams, and this rice is taken from the lonely shop in Jilin.Table 4 provides the percentage composition of the contained various compositions of each raw material, and blade of grass is meant the leaf of band handle; Grass blade is meant the hollow grass blade that removes after the scleroma that two joints link to each other; Stipes is meant the lump that links to each other between grass blade; The grass fringe is meant the fringe after the threshing.
Table 4
| Blade of grass | Grass blade | Stipes | The grass fringe | |
| Cellulose | 25-30 | 40-45 | 15-20 | 30-35 |
| Hemicellulose | 35-45 | 20-25 | 25-30 | 40-45 |
| Silicide | 20-25 | 15-20 | 45-55 | 15-20 |
| Starch | 5-6 | 6-8 | —— | 10-15 |
| Lignin | 4-5 | 3-4 | —— | —— |
The dry rice straw segment, roll, sieve then 50-60% hair sample floccule, the powder of 25-30%, the particle of 10-15% diameter 1.5 millimeter.Hair sample floccule Main Ingredients and Appearance is cellulose and hemicellulose, is the raw material of paper-making pulping.The powder composition is that its compositions such as hemicellulose, silicide, starch are identical with the rice chaff composition, as feed and mushroom culture medium.Particle can be pulverized and mix in the powder, is pressed into disposable tableware etc., also can make fuel.
2 pulping reactions:
The raw material grass of cutting into chunks, immersion contains in the aqueous solution of alkali, at 160-180 ℃, 0.75-0.8MPa the press water mashing off, then contained starch is converted into alkalization glucose etc. and is dissolved in the liquid in the raw material grass, and silicide and alkali effect are converted into silicate and water-soluble, lignin one class contains benzene ring compound, with sodium, reaction of Salmon-Saxl, generate a series of sulfur-bearings, contain the modified lignin of sodium, also water-soluble.Hemicellulose under the alkali effect, molecule generation hydrolysis, peeling reactions etc. generate the little polysaccharide of molecular weight etc., and the part hemicellulose is dissolved in the solution, quite a few hemicellulose remains in the paper pulp, also generates paper pulp.Main Ingredients and Appearance cellulose in the raw material, in the presence of High Temperature High Pressure and alkali, small part fiber molecule generation peeling reaction, but most fiber do not react, and keeps with Cellulosed molded article, Here it is paper pulp.
The raw material grass section of mashing off is a kind of double tubular thing.This grass section is immersed in the reactant liquor, easily have gas during double tubular is hollow, reactant liquor is difficult for contacting with careless intersegmental part under the obstruct of gas, and grass blade and petiole are thicker, and reactant liquor is difficult for penetrating in the grass section cell.Silicide in the raw material grass section cell, starch, lignin etc. are wrapped in by the cellulose of mantle, are not easy to the reactant liquor contact.From the crash response principle analysis, the collision probability is low between reactant molecule, and then reaction is difficult for carrying out.For reaction is well on, general chemical pulping is all at 160-180 ℃ of high temperature, the 0.7-0.8MPa high pressure, and mashing off under 1: 5 big solid-to-liquid ratio condition, the water that steam condenses into when heating simultaneously also is deposited in the reactant liquor, makes solid-to-liquid ratio reach 1: 10 at last.For making reaction evenly, make qualified paper pulp, under this pressure, temperature, be incubated a few hours sometimes.Make a large amount of energy of paper-making pulping process consumption like this, a large amount of industrial chemicals produces the waste liquid of a large amount of contaminated environment simultaneously.
And the present invention pulverizes raw material grass section, has destroyed careless section double-barrel structure, has also broken the part plant cell.Make the grass section of double tubular become hair sample floccule, reactant liquor is contacted with material easily, greatly increased the Reactive Collisions probability.Just just improved the reaction speed of mashing off without High Temperature High Pressure.Moreover after grass section rolled, sift out major part and can not generate paper pulp and consume industrial chemicals, the silicide that pollutes, micromolecule hemicellulose, starch etc. again, make that industrial chemicals, energy resource consumption further reduce in the mashing off reaction.
For increasing the mashing off reaction speed, allow the grass silk fully contact with reactant liquor, improve intermolecular collision probability.The present invention adopts the kneading method, under the effect of mechanical force, reactant liquor is got in the grass silk cell, makes grass silk and the even swelling of reactant liquor, has further improved reaction speed.Therefore, this employing is compared the technology that the careless silk of raw material pulverizes, separates, mediates with the slurrying of traditional chemical method, and advantages such as the industrial chemicals of saving, the saving energy, the production of minimizing black liquor, minimizing pollution are arranged.
Claims (4)
1. the paper pulp making method of an energy reducing large amount of waste liquid and lowering consumption of materials is characterized in that comprising the steps:
(1) chaffcutter: the grass section that the moisture of air dry is cut into the 30-50 millimeter less than 14% grass as raw material with chaffcutter;
(2) smash: (1) gained grass section, with being furnished with long 20 millimeters, the beater disintegrating machine of wide 1.5 millimeters seam hole sizer sheets breaks into hair-like grass silk and powder;
(3) screening: hair-like grass silk of (2) gained and powder, send into double-deck screen shale shaker, the sieve upper strata gets hair-like grass silk, sieve middle level and gets 10 purpose small particles, sieves lower floor and get 40 purpose powders;
(4) roll: the small particle that the sieve middle level obtains, pour mangle into, small particle is rolled into the mixture of short grass silk and powder;
(5) screening: the mixture of (4) gained short grass silk and powder, send into 20 order vibrating screens, get short grass silk and powder respectively; The hair-like grass silk of (3), (5) gained and short grass silk mix careless silk, confession mashing off paper grade (stock); (3), (5) gained powder are mixed, utilize again, wherein with straw, when straw is raw material, can get rice chaff;
(6) mediate: (5) gained grass silk, drop in the kneader, pouring goes into to contain the hot alkaline solution of 3-5% effective alkali, drenches amount 2.5-4 times for grass silk gross weight; Kneading is warming up to 98 ± 2 ℃, and insulation was mediated 10-15 minute, and extremely the grass silk forms homogeneous system with alkali lye, and careless silk is swelled into congee shape thing by alkali lye;
(7) mashing off: (6) gained congee shape thing is put into the enamel still that strap clamp overlaps, be warming up to 110-130 ℃, under 0.1-0.25MPa pressure, insulation mashing off 1-3 hour gets the good slurry of hydrolysis, puts into pulp storage tank;
(8) shove: the good slurry of (7) gained hydrolysis, send into extruding black liquor in the press master, get thick natural color pulp, the black liquor of extruding is sent into black liquor storage pond;
(9) pulp washing removes sand: the thick natural color pulp of (8) gained, with the water logging bubble of 8-12 times of weight, remove sandy soil impurity through sand cleaning machine, extrude moisture content again, get true qualities paper pulp;
(10) bleaching: in the clorox of (9) gained true qualities paper pulp immersion 5%, placed 6-12 hour, extrude moisture content again, get the wet pulp of papermaking.
2. the paper pulp making method of energy reducing large amount of waste liquid and lowering consumption of materials according to claim 1 is characterized in that (10) gained wet pulp the oven dry of drying machine gets white paper pulp, packing.
3. the paper pulp making method of energy reducing large amount of waste liquid and lowering consumption of materials according to claim 1 is characterized in that grass as raw material is meant straw, reed or wheat straw.
4. the paper pulp making method of energy reducing large amount of waste liquid and lowering consumption of materials according to claim 1 is characterized in that effective alkali, is meant the pure cerium hydroxide sodium content; In alkali, add an amount of vulcanized sodium, the consumption of vulcanized sodium, 0.63 times of calculating of weight of pressing vulcanized sodium is in effective alkali content;
The preparation of alkali lye is pressed law of dilution and is calculated promptly: V
1N
1=V
2N
2,
Wherein: N
1Be meant the weight percent concentration of wanting obtain solution, V
1Be meant the weight of wanting obtain solution, N
2Be meant the weight percent concentration of purchasing liquid caustic soda, concentration is 30-40%, V
2Be meant the liquid caustic soda weight that needs adding, i.e. V
2=V
1N
1/ N
2
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