CN101798583A - Method for jointly generating power by using straw at multiple steps and fermenting straw with solid substance to produce methane - Google Patents
Method for jointly generating power by using straw at multiple steps and fermenting straw with solid substance to produce methane Download PDFInfo
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- CN101798583A CN101798583A CN201010128289A CN201010128289A CN101798583A CN 101798583 A CN101798583 A CN 101798583A CN 201010128289 A CN201010128289 A CN 201010128289A CN 201010128289 A CN201010128289 A CN 201010128289A CN 101798583 A CN101798583 A CN 101798583A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M21/00—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses
- C12M21/04—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses for producing gas, e.g. biogas
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M21/00—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses
- C12M21/16—Solid state fermenters, e.g. for koji production
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M45/00—Means for pre-treatment of biological substances
- C12M45/02—Means for pre-treatment of biological substances by mechanical forces; Stirring; Trituration; Comminuting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M45/00—Means for pre-treatment of biological substances
- C12M45/20—Heating; Cooling
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
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Abstract
The invention relate to a method for generating power by preprocessing the straw, fermenting the straw with solid substance to produce methane and burning residues generated from the fermentation of the straw. The steam explosion pretreatment technology is combined with the solid state fermentation technology, thus the problems that the efficiency of producing the methane by fermenting the straw is low and the no methane can be produced in the kiln tank are solved and the efficiency and the stability of producing the methane by fermenting the straw are improved. The residues generated from the fermentation of the straw are used for generating power, thus the problems that the equipment used for generating power by fermenting the straw biomass has high cost and the supply of the straw is not stable are solved. In addition, the alkali metal and the chloride ions in the residues are greatly reduced than those in the raw material of the straw, thus the residues has higher combustion performance and higher caloric value and can be used for generating power for the common boiler, and the cost of the equipment is reduced. To ensure the stably supply of the straw and the benefit of the peasant who changes the methane with the straw, the operation mode of fermenting the straw to produce the methane in the unit of each natural village, collecting the residues to the power plant in a larger town or county to generate power, and stably supplying the methane produced by fermenting the straw in each natural village to the peasant in the natural village is adopted.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the biomass energy source domain, the multistage method of utilizing solid state fermentation biogas coproduction generating of particularly a kind of stalk.
Technical background
The traditional raw material of biogas is a fowl and animal excrement, but because present aquaculture is also all taked the mode of large-scale cultivation, the enthusiasm that a variety of causes such as grain rise in price cause peasant household to raise livestock and poultry scattered is affected.Because of insufficient raw material has influenced the output of biogas, have because of there not being the fermentation raw material, methane-generating pit is aerogenesis not throughout the year, even the pond phenomenon occurs abandoning.
Therefore, people have invested cheap and abundant stalk to sight, yet stalk fermentation biogas is also unsuccessful at present, in engineering practice, suffered serious setback, mainly have following problem: 1, the combination of stalk cellulose, hemicellulose and xylogen is tight, be difficult to be degraded by microorganisms, cause the aerogenesis cycle long, inefficiency; 2, raw material is easy to swim in above the feed liquid, can not fully contact with microorganism, and slowed down reaction speed, simultaneously, the crust of floating raw material stops biogas in time to be overflowed; 3, adopt the fermentation of traditional pond, cellar mostly, uncontrollable leavening temperature and gas production rate cause the summer aerogenesis many, the few or anaerogenic difficult situation of aerogenesis in winter.
At above problem, the thinking of absorption process industry of the present invention at first, adopts the quick-fried technology of vapour that stalk is carried out pre-treatment, break the imporosity of stalk cellulose, hemicellulose and xylogen, make raw material loose, hydroxyl exposes, and not only makes stalk be easy to be degraded by microorganisms, and increased the water-absorbent of stalk, so just, shorten the aerogenesis cycle, and raw material sinks to the bottom, solved raw material buoyant problem; Secondly, aspect biogas fermentation, the present invention adopts advanced solid-state fermentation technology, reduce the content of fermentation system water, improve the fermentation efficiency of fermentor tank unit volume, thereby reduce the fermentor tank volume, simultaneously, this technology can effectively be controlled the biogas fermentation temperature, improves gas production rate and stability.Once more, the waste residue that fermentation produces is mainly xylogen and Mierocrystalline cellulose, and water content is low, compare with stalk have good burning performance, easy-formation.
Along with national governments to the great attention of energy-saving and emission-reduction and the appearance of a series of measures, the industrialization gradually of straw burning generation technology, in China, state under the State Grid Corporation of China can bioelectrogenesis Group Co.,Ltd take the lead in having realized industrialization in 2006, existing tens straw electric generation plants setting up throughout the country, Guodian Longyuan Power Technology Engineer Co.,Ltd has also set up 3 straw electric generation plants.Because the direct combustion power generation of stalk exists ash fusion point low, cause problems such as easy coking and corrosion, be that the boiler combustion chambers temp can reach more than 1000 ℃, stalk ash content this moment softening (fusing) forms foulings of heating surface at different levels, heating surface slagging scorification, contamination, has a strong impact on work-ing life and heat transfer property.
Can only use expensive import boiler just can produce normally at present.This has just increased generating set and cost of equipment maintenance greatly, causes the direct combustion power generation of stalk to be difficult to produce economic benefit, can only keep reluctantly under the situation of state subsidies.
Higher K, Na in the stalk (about totally 1%) content is the major cause that causes its ash fusion point low.When high temperature, generate the metallic surface of KCl and NaCl corrosion boiler and pipeline.K, the Na and the Cl that remove in the stalk can improve the straw burning ash fusion point, reduce coking and to the corrosion of boiler." yellow " stalk is positioned over farmland for some time after drenching with rain, and corrosives wherein (muriate and potassium) content can reduce, and stalk becomes " grey ", and this " grey " stalk is more suitable for as boiler oil, and calorific value also increases.Barley stalk immersion experience shows: when rainfall amount reached 15mm, chloride content dropped to below 0.05% from 0.49%, and potassium element content drops to 0.22% from 1.18%, and ash fusion point can be brought up to 950-1100 ℃.Though the method that drenches with rain has certain effect, quality is difficult to control, can not adapt to suitability for industrialized production.Must seek economical and practical stalk and prepare the method for solid molding fuel.
The present invention is with the quick-fried secondary fermentation biogas of stalk vapour, the potassium ion in the stalk, sodium ion and chlorion have been removed, the content of Mierocrystalline cellulose and hemicellulose in the minimizing stalk, improve content of lignin, improve calorific value and ash fusion point, reduced the combustion processes coking and, improved the combustionproperty of stalk greatly the corrosion of boiler.The fuel that the straw briquette fuel of present method preparation can be used as common homemade boiler is used for generating or heat supply.Significantly reduced the facility investment of biomass power generation.
In a word, the present invention is directed to problems such as the dead cellar for storing things of low, the easy formation of stalk fermentation biogas efficient, adopt quick-fried preconditioning technique of vapour and solid-state fermentation technology to combine, improved biogas fermentation efficient and stability; Generating exists equipment cost height, stalk supply problem of unstable at straw biomass, residue behind the solid-state biogas of stalk is used for generating, because basic metal and chlorion reduce significantly in the fermentation residue, combustionproperty and calorific value have been improved, can generate electricity with plain cylindrical furnace, reducing equipment cost greatly, is the unit fermentation methane with natural village or farm on operator scheme, and fermentation residue focuses on big small towns or the generating of power station, county town.The biogas of natural village fermentation, the stable supplying villager, solve the gas for domestic use in rural area and the problem that the China's natural gas pipeline is difficult to spread to the rural area, the villager changes biogas with stalk or changes, what is taken from the people is used in the intersets of the people to realize stalk, so just ensured peasant's vital interests, make them be ready to collect, store and provide stalk, solved the problem that the supply of biomass power generation stalk is unstable, store difficulty.The present invention not only provides the straw utilization new technology, and the new model of straw utilization is provided, and helps new countryside construction, improves peasant's standard of living, helps the popularization of biomass power generation simultaneously, is energy-saving and emission-reduction, reduces Greenhouse effect and makes contributions.
Summary of the invention
[purpose of the present invention] adopts quick-fried preconditioning technique of vapour and solid-state fermentation technology to combine at problems such as the dead cellars for storing things of low, the easy formation of stalk fermentation biogas efficient, improved biogas fermentation efficient and stability; There is the equipment cost height in generating at straw biomass, stalk supply problem of unstable, residue behind the solid-state biogas of stalk is used for generating, combustionproperty and calorific value have been improved, can generate electricity with plain cylindrical furnace, reduce equipment cost greatly, on operator scheme, be the unit fermentation methane with natural village or farm, fermentation residue focuses on the power station generating, the biogas of natural village fermentation, the stable supplying villager solves the gas for domestic use problem in rural area, the villager changes biogas with stalk or changes, so just ensured peasant's vital interests, made them be ready to collect, storage also provides stalk, has solved biomass power generation stalk supply instability, store the problem of difficulty.
The multistage method of utilizing solid state fermentation biogas coproduction generating of [technical scheme] a kind of stalk provided by the invention comprises the steps:
(1) stalk solid state fermentation biogas: it is 3-15cm that stalk is cut into length, in the steam explosion condition is 0.6-1.5MPa, dimension is the quick-fried processing of vapour under the condition of 1-12min the pressure time, carry out biogas solid state fermentation bar after the quick-fried processing of vapour, the fermentation part is: adding adjusting C: N such as wheat bran, ammonium nitrate, human excrement is 30: 1-60: 1 (W/W), leavening temperature is 20-55 ℃, and fermentation period is 10-26 days, and solid-to-liquid ratio (W/W) is 1: 3-1: 6.
(2) fermentation residue moulding generating: the stalk slag compressed moulding of the method that adopts mechanical presses after with solid state fermentation, the preparation solid fuel is used for combustion power generation, the shaped fuel calorific value is 13-26MJ/kg, water content is 5-33%, ash fusion point is 900-1350 ℃, and its shape and big I are determined according to the demand of boiler combustion.Electricity generation boiler can be the boiler that present coal generating is used, as fluidized-bed combustion boiler.
Stalk solid state fermentation biogas is unit with natural village or farm, the scale of single biogas fermentation factory is annual 500 tons of-12000 tons of stalks that consume, decide the scale of biogas plant according to the size of natural village stalk amount, the biogas that produces is transported to every household, for heating and gas for domestic use, the fermentation residue of each natural village biogas plant is concentrated and is transported to the power station generating, the scale in power station is decided according to the fermentation residue that peripheral biogas plant can provide, and the scale in power station is generally annual 100000-500,000 tons of stalk fermentation slags that consume.
[advantage of the present invention and characteristics] advantage of the present invention and characteristics have the following aspects: 1) pass through the advanced quick-fried and solid-state fermentation technology of vapour, solved the problem that present stalk fermentation efficient is low, produce the dead cellar for storing things of the unstable and easy formation of biogas; 2) stalk by fermentation after, improve the material content of lignin, thereby raising calorific value, remove potassium ion, sodium ion and chlorion in the stalk simultaneously, improved stalk ash fusion point, reduced the combustion processes coking and, improved the combustionproperty of stalk greatly, and be easy to moulding the corrosion of boiler, the fuel that can be used as common homemade electricity generation boiler has solved the high problem of present biomass power generation facility investment; 3) employing is used for the villager with natural village dispersion fermentation methane, is used as the mode of fuel used to generate electricity after a plurality of biogas plants fermentation residue is concentrated, and the solution natural gas line is difficult to popularize the problem of supplying instability, storage difficulty with the biomass power generation stalk to the rural area.Therefore the present invention not only provides the straw utilization new technology, and the new model of straw utilization is provided, and helps new countryside construction, improves peasant's standard of living, helps the popularization of biomass power generation simultaneously, is energy-saving and emission-reduction, reduces Greenhouse effect and makes contributions.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
(1) stalk solid state fermentation biogas: it is 5-10cm that stalk is cut into length, in the steam explosion condition is 1.0MPa, dimension is the quick-fried processing of vapour under the condition of 4min the pressure time, carry out biogas solid state fermentation bar after the quick-fried processing of vapour, the fermentation part is: it is 30 that steam puffed stalk and wheat bran are regulated C: N: 1-60: 1 (W/W), and solid-to-liquid ratio (W/W) is 1: 4, leavening temperature is 45 ℃, fermentation period is 25 days, and average gas production rate is 2.1m
3/ m
3D, the utilization ratio of stalk is 41%.
(2) fermentation residue moulding generating: the stalk slag compressed moulding of the method that adopts mechanical presses after with solid state fermentation biogas, the preparation solid fuel is used for combustion power generation, and the shaped fuel calorific value is 16MJ/kg, and water content is 23%, and ash fusion point is 1150 ℃.Shaped fuel carries out combustion power generation in Shandong thermal power plant, and boiler combustion is steady, and the generated energy of unit mass is the 60-70% of coal generating.
Embodiment 2:
(1) stalk solid state fermentation biogas: it is 5-15cm that stalk is cut into length, in the steam explosion condition is 1.3MPa, dimension is the quick-fried processing of vapour under the condition of 2min the pressure time, carry out biogas solid state fermentation bar after the quick-fried processing of vapour, the fermentation part is: do nitrogenous source with ammonium nitrate, regulating C: N is 40: 1-50: 1 (W/W), solid-to-liquid ratio (W/W) is 1: 5, leavening temperature is 35 ℃, and fermentation period is 18 days, and average gas production rate is 2.6m
3/ m
3D, the utilization ratio of stalk is 44%.
(2) fermentation residue moulding generating: the stalk slag compressed moulding of the method that adopts mechanical presses after with solid state fermentation biogas, the preparation solid fuel is used for combustion power generation, and the shaped fuel calorific value is 17.6MJ/kg, and water content is 21%, and ash fusion point is 1100 ℃.Shaped fuel carries out combustion power generation in Shandong thermal power plant, and boiler combustion is steady, and the generated energy of unit mass is the 60-70% of coal generating.
Claims (4)
1. the multistage method of utilizing solid state fermentation biogas coproduction generating of stalk comprises the steps:
(1) stalk solid state fermentation biogas: it is 3-15cm that stalk is cut into length, with the method fermentation methane of using solid state fermentation after the steam explosion pre-treatment again;
(2) fermentation residue moulding generating: the stalk slag compressed moulding of the method that adopts mechanical presses after with solid state fermentation, the preparation solid fuel is used for combustion power generation;
2. steam explosion pre-treatment according to claim 1 and process for solid state fermentation, it is characterized in that: the steam explosion condition is 0.6-1.5MPa, the dimension pressure time is 1-12min, solid state fermentation conditions is: C: N is 30: 1-60: 1 (W/W), leavening temperature is 20-55 ℃, fermentation period is 10-26 days, and solid-to-liquid ratio (W/W) is 1: 3-1: 6.
3. fermentation residue moulding electricity-generating method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: prepared shaped fuel calorific value is 13-26MJ/kg, and water content is 5-33%, and ash fusion point is 900-1350 ℃, and its shape and big I are determined according to the demand of boiler combustion.
4. method according to claim 1, the matching way of stalk solid state fermentation biogas and fermentation residue moulding generating is: stalk solid state fermentation biogas is unit with natural village or farm, the scale of single biogas fermentation factory is annual 500 tons of-12000 tons of stalks that consume, fermentation residue is concentrated and is transported to the power station generating, and the scale in power station is annual 100000-500,000 tons of stalk fermentation slags that consume.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201010128289A CN101798583A (en) | 2010-03-18 | 2010-03-18 | Method for jointly generating power by using straw at multiple steps and fermenting straw with solid substance to produce methane |
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| CN201010128289A CN101798583A (en) | 2010-03-18 | 2010-03-18 | Method for jointly generating power by using straw at multiple steps and fermenting straw with solid substance to produce methane |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102061314A (en) * | 2010-10-27 | 2011-05-18 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Method for coproducing methane and solid formed fuel by using herbaceous wood fiber as raw material |
| CN102374543A (en) * | 2011-08-08 | 2012-03-14 | 南京大学 | Anaerobic fermentation-incineration combined treatment method for organic wastes |
| CN107699308A (en) * | 2017-11-13 | 2018-02-16 | 常州莱尚纺织品有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of biomass fuel |
| CN111040820A (en) * | 2019-03-31 | 2020-04-21 | 乐清市智格电子科技有限公司 | Processing technology for improving flame-retardant biomass particles by utilizing micro-nano steam explosion slag |
Citations (1)
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| CN101392270A (en) * | 2008-11-04 | 2009-03-25 | 安徽六安市春成绿色化工有限公司 | Production process of natural gas by using paddy hull |
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2010
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Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101392270A (en) * | 2008-11-04 | 2009-03-25 | 安徽六安市春成绿色化工有限公司 | Production process of natural gas by using paddy hull |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
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| 张从等: "《农业环境保护概论》", 31 March 1999, 中国农业大学出版社 * |
| 肖宏儒等: "《农作物秸秆综合利用技术与装备》", 30 June 2009, 中国农业科学技术出版社 * |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102061314A (en) * | 2010-10-27 | 2011-05-18 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Method for coproducing methane and solid formed fuel by using herbaceous wood fiber as raw material |
| CN102061314B (en) * | 2010-10-27 | 2012-09-05 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Method for coproducing methane and solid formed fuel by using herbaceous wood fiber as raw material |
| CN102374543A (en) * | 2011-08-08 | 2012-03-14 | 南京大学 | Anaerobic fermentation-incineration combined treatment method for organic wastes |
| CN107699308A (en) * | 2017-11-13 | 2018-02-16 | 常州莱尚纺织品有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of biomass fuel |
| CN107699308B (en) * | 2017-11-13 | 2020-06-05 | 新沂市绿康生物质能源有限公司 | Preparation method of biomass fuel |
| CN111040820A (en) * | 2019-03-31 | 2020-04-21 | 乐清市智格电子科技有限公司 | Processing technology for improving flame-retardant biomass particles by utilizing micro-nano steam explosion slag |
| CN111040820B (en) * | 2019-03-31 | 2021-06-29 | 乐清市智格电子科技有限公司 | Processing technology for improving flame-retardant biomass particles by utilizing micro-nano steam explosion slag |
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Application publication date: 20100811 |