CN101795577B - Compositions and methods for reducing stool volume and stool odor - Google Patents
Compositions and methods for reducing stool volume and stool odor Download PDFInfo
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- CN101795577B CN101795577B CN2007801005778A CN200780100577A CN101795577B CN 101795577 B CN101795577 B CN 101795577B CN 2007801005778 A CN2007801005778 A CN 2007801005778A CN 200780100577 A CN200780100577 A CN 200780100577A CN 101795577 B CN101795577 B CN 101795577B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/40—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for carnivorous animals, e.g. cats or dogs
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/174—Vitamins
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K40/00—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K40/25—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs by extrusion
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Abstract
The present invention provides animal food compositions comprising high quality proteins and highly digestible carbohydrates which result in reduced stool production and stool odor upon ingestion by an animal, and methods for use.
Description
Invention field
The present invention relates to the digestible pet food composition of height that comprises high quality protein matter and highly digestible carbohydrate, and for the method with minimizing pet dung volume and pet dung smell by feeding animals composition of the present invention.
Background of invention
Pet produces ight soil, and defecation can occur in many occasions, as outdoor, in dustbin or on newspaper.It is usually offending removing pet dung, although and many products can commercially availablely buy so that this work is pleasant as much as possible, and product can not solve the potential problems that ight soil produces, the faecal volume produced and the offending smell relevant to ight soil.Generally be known that food compositions can produce tremendous influence to faecal volume and the characteristic produced by animal.Thus, development group compound and method to be to reduce the ight soil that produced by animal (or by weight or by volume), and reduce Fecal odor, will be worth.
The invention summary
The present invention relates to the digestible pet food composition of height containing high quality protein matter and highly digestible carbohydrate, the ight soil produced with animal by feeding containing the composition of the high quality protein matter of small amount and less digestible carbohydrate relatively, causes the formation of less amount animal wastes and has offending smell still less the digestion of described food compositions.Therefore, on the one hand, the present invention relates to the pet food composition containing one or more high quality protein matter and one or more highly digestible carbohydrate.In certain embodiments, composition can comprise from approximately 15% to about 30% high quality protein matter with from approximately 25% to about 50% the digestible carbohydrate of height.Described high quality protein matter can have true protein digestibility and be greater than approximately 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94% or 95%; The digestibility that the digestible carbohydrate of described height can have is greater than approximately 90%, 92%, 94%, 95% or 96%.Composition of the present invention can have and is greater than approximately 88%, 90% or 95% dry matter digestibility.In special embodiment, composition of the present invention is nutrition pet food completely, more specifically, is dog food.
In special embodiment, the present invention relates to composition, it comprises: the rice that 36% beer brewing is used, 16% egg, 16% cornstarch, 14.5% corn gluten meal (corn gluten meal), 2.5% beet pulp, 2.5% soybean oil, 2% linseed, carnitine, one or more amino acid, minerals and vitamins.Especially, the dry matter of described compositions display >=88.0%, true albumen, fat, carbohydrate and energy digestibility (energy digestibility).
On the other hand, the present invention relates to for reducing the method for the faecal volume produced by animal, it comprises any highly digestible composition of the present invention of feeding animals.
Aspect another, the present invention relates to for reducing the method for the Fecal odor produced by animal, it comprises any highly digestible composition of the present invention of feeding animals.
On the one hand, the present invention relates to high quality protein matter and the application of highly digestible carbohydrate in preparing food compositions again, described composition is fed to animal to reduce the faecal volume produced by animal.
Also on the one hand, the present invention relates to high quality protein matter and the application of highly digestible carbohydrate in preparing food compositions, described composition is fed to animal to reduce the Fecal odor produced by animal.
Other embodiment of the present invention will be understood by those skilled.
Detailed Description Of The Invention
Be not limited to the concrete pattern of any theory or effect of the present invention, the present invention is based on following discovery: some composition, when being digested by animal, the ight soil that can cause producing less ight soil and generation has the smell of minimizing.Usually, described composition is highly digestible, comprises one or more high quality protein matter and highly digestible carbohydrate.The increase of digestibility causes produced faecal volume to reduce.In addition, the minimizing of believing Fecal odor is because the minimizing of the amount of the increase of digestibility and the sulfur-containing compound in the ight soil that the animal of digestion composition of the present invention produces is relevant.
As used in this paper and appending claims, singulative " ", " one " and " being somebody's turn to do " comprise the plural reference value, unless context separately has clear and definite indication.
As used herein, the similar terms such as " effective dose ", " effectively amount " refer to the amount of compound, raw material or composition as described in this article, and this amount can effectively realize specific biological results, as, reduce faecal volume and reduce Fecal odor.Such result can, for example, by giving animal composition of the present invention, realize.Effective dose can, based on many factors, comprise the Metabolizable energy of concrete animal, sex, age, body weight and/or composition.As desired at this paper, feed and be familiar with by those skilled in the art to every feed ration of the food compositions of animal.
As used herein, " highly digestible meals " refer to and have the meals that are more than or equal to 88.0% digestibility.Term " digestibility of nutrient " comprises the digestibility of dry matter, protein, fat, carbohydrate and energy.
The present invention relates to any animal, preferred mammal, more preferably companion animals, it can benefit from the preparation disclosed herein of feeding.Term " companion animals " refers to closely-related any animal with the human lives, and includes, but are not limited to Canidae and the cats of any kind.For example, expect that at this this term also can comprise that its meals can have benefited from any animal of preparation disclosed herein by people's control and its.These animals can comprise the farm-animals of for example raising and train (as, ox, horse, pig etc.) and closed support such as the non-performing animal in waiting at the zoo.
The present invention can be suitable for a plurality of life stages of animal, comprises lactation, weaning period, growth period, manhood, senescence phase and declining period.Preferably, animal is that grow up, old age or aged animal, preferably adults.
Scope unless otherwise prescribed, all percentage that use in this manual are the weight percent based on the dry matter meter.Constituent concentration after phrase " based on dry matter " means in composition any moisture and is excluded in composition.
As mentioned in this article, " high quality protein matter " is can " true albumen (trueprotein) digestibility " (relative with " apparent albumen (apparent protein) digestibility ") to be greater than approximately 90%, be preferably greater than approximately 95%, more preferably greater than any protein or the protein mixture of approximately 98% digestion.
The method of measuring protein digestibility is that those skilled in the art are known.For example, can be by many methods well known by persons skilled in the art, for example, as announced at Official methods ofAnalysis (" OMA ") by analytical chemistry association of official (Association of Official Analytical Chemists), method 988.05, measure the protein content in composition.Therefore, in order to measure " apparent protein digestibility ", those skilled in the art should measure the protein content of composition and the protein content to the ight soil of animal generation by feed composition.Then calculate as follows apparent protein digestibility:
Known ight soil is containing many other protein sources, as, bacterioprotein, the enzyme and the bile that by digestion process, are produced.Therefore, owing to there being endogenous protein in ight soil, can make protein digestibility generation deviation.Therefore, apparent protein digestibility usually is multiplied by a coefficient, the existence of such endogenous protein is taken into account, to determine true proteopepsis percentage.According to the amount of the endogenous protein existed, this factor can increase or lower.In the present invention, by protein digestibility, be multiplied by the factor 1.051, measure true protein digestibility.Be that difference between true protein digestibility and apparent protein digestibility is 1.051, that is, the apparent protein digestibility as 88.5% should equal 93.0% true protein digestibility.
For high quality protein matter of the present invention source, comprise plant origin, animal origin or both.Animal origin comprises, for example, and meat, meat by-products, seafood, dairy products (comprising milk powder) and egg.The vegetables source can comprise soy protein isolate.That high quality protein matter can be is complete, almost completely hydrolysis, the protein of partial hydrolysis or the protein of separation.Preferably, high quality protein matter is egg, as egg, there is no shell fully.The high quality protein matter in other source comprises vegetable proteins, lactalbumin, ovalbumin and the lactoalbumin of albumen, casein, hydrolysis.As desired at this paper, composition of the present invention can comprise any mixture of high quality protein matter.Composition of the present invention can be containing the high quality protein matter of about 15-30%.
As mentioned in this article, " highly digestible carbohydrate " is that those can be by animal, as dog digestion to being greater than approximately 90%, be greater than approximately 93%, be preferably greater than approximately 95% or be greater than approximately 96% carbohydrate.Highly digestible carbohydrate can be in multiple source well known by persons skilled in the art any providing, these sources comprise corn, wheat, rice (as, the rice that beer brewing is used (brewer ' s rice)), starch (as, rice and cornstarch), corn gluten meal and distiller's dried grain (distiller ' s dried grain).As desired at this paper, composition of the present invention can comprise any mixture of highly digestible carbohydrate.Composition of the present invention can be containing the digestible carbohydrate of height of about 25-50%.
The method of measuring the carbohydrate digestion rate is that those skilled in the art are known.The carbohydrate percentage can be calculated as NFE (nitrogen free extract) (" NFE ") and calculate, and it can calculate as follows: NFE=100%-moisture %-protein %-fat %-ash content %-crude fibre %.Therefore, in order to measure the carbohydrate digestion rate, those skilled in the art should measure the carbohydrate content of composition and the carbohydrate content of the ight soil that produced by the feeding animals said composition.Then calculate the carbohydrate digestion rate by following equation:
Dry matter digestibility (DMD) is the amount of material based on dry matter by animal digestion.Usually, the content digested by detection deducts content in the ight soil content divided by digestion, measures digestibility.The method of measuring DMD is known in the art.For example, measure the quality of the food consumption based on dry matter and also measure the quality (based on the dry matter meter) by the ight soil that consumes the food generation.Then calculate as follows DMD:
As above provide, also can measure fat and energy digestibility, as,
conventional method that can be familiar according to those skilled in the art, measure fat and energy content in food and ight soil.
Except causing that faecal volume reduces, composition of the present invention causes that the Fecal odor produced by the described composition of animal digestion reduces.The method of test Fecal odor is familiar with for those skilled in the art.For example, use the qualitative test such as the personnel of judge group (human panelists) that describe in embodiment provided herein can be used to Fecal odor is classified.In addition, can use for example gas-chromatography and mass spectrum to carry out quantitative test to the Fecal odor compound.In excreta, the Fecal odor compound of quantitative test comprises sulfur-containing compound, phenols, heterocycle and indoles, carboxylic acid compound and ketonic compound.
As desired at this paper, composition of the present invention is intended to comprise nutrition pet food meals completely." nutrition is meals completely " are the meals that comprise abundant nutrient, for maintaining plan, accept meals animal (as, domestic cat or domesticated dog) normal health be the familiar meals of those skilled in the art.For example, nutrient and composition, such as those disclosed herein and other be suitable for the composition of the composition of detoxification, and the amount of its recommendation can, for example, the official publications of U.S. feed supervisor association (Official Publication of the Associateof American Feed Control Officials) Inc., (" AAFCO "), the nutritional need of dog and cat (Nutrient Requirements of Dogs and Cats), find in 2006.
Nutrition disclosed herein pet food composition completely can comprise fat.Fat source for composition of the present invention can be provided by any source in multiple source well known by persons skilled in the art, comprises meat, meat by-products, fish oil and plant.The plant fat source comprises wheat, linseed, rye, barley, rice, Chinese sorghum, corn, oat, maize (millet), wheat, maize germ, soybean, peanut and cottonseed, and the oil that comes from these and other plant fat source.As desired at this paper, composition of the present invention can be containing from about 11% to 16% fat, preferably about 14% fat.
Vitamin and mineral matter also can be included in the composition of the present invention's description, and its amount is known to avoid lacking and maintaining health for those skilled in the art.For example, the National Research Council (National Research Council) (NRC) provides the recommended amounts for agricultural animals of such composition, and AAFCO (as, the official publications of U.S. feed supervisor association (OfficialPublication of the Associate of American Feed Control Officials) (" AAFCO "), Inc.), (" AAFCO "), the nutritional need of dog and cat (NutrientRequirements of Dogs and Cats), provide the recommended amounts for dog class and cat class of such composition in 2006.Vitamin can comprise vitamin A, Cobastab
1, Cobastab
2, Cobastab
6, Cobastab
12, vitamin C, vitamin D, vitamin E, biotin (biotin), vitamin K, folic acid, inositol, nicotinic acid and pantothenic acid.The example of mineral matter comprises, as, the salt of calcium, phosphorus, dicalcium phosphate, potassium citrate, potassium chloride, calcium carbonate, sodium chloride or sodium, potassium, magnesium, manganese, calcium, chloride, copper, zinc, choline, phosphorus, iodine or selenium.
Fiber, include, but are not limited to dietary fiber, can be included in composition of the present invention.Dietary fiber refers to the composition of plant, and its digestion to the digestive ferment of animal has antagonism.Can, by many methods well known by persons skilled in the art, such as OMA method 991.43/32.1.17 (1994), measure the dietary fiber component of food.Total dietary fiber comprises solubility and insoluble fibers.Soluble Fiber opposing digestion and the absorption in small intestine, but the wholly or in part fermentation of experience in large intestine.Soluble Fiber source for composition disclosed herein comprises, as, beet pulp, guar gum, cichory root, Asiatic plantain (psyllium), pectin, cowberry (blueberry), mossberry (cranberry), winter squash (squash), apple, oat, soybean, Citrus, barley or pea.Insoluble fibre is the fiber that is not dissolved in water and is tending towards increasing through-rate at food during by alimentary canal.Example includes, but are not limited to cellulose, full wheat products, wheat oat, corn bran, linseed, grape, celery, green soya bean (green beans), cauliflower, jacket, pericarp, plant peel, peanut shell and fibre and soya.As desired at this paper, composition of the present invention can be containing from about 3% to 6% total dietary fiber.
Composition of the present invention also can contain the amino acid of those skilled in the art's known quantity, to avoid lacking and maintaining health.Preferably, composition of the present invention is containing " essential amino acid ".The amino acid of essential amino acid for can not again synthesizing or being provided by organism with enough amounts and therefore must supply with in meals.Essential amino acid changes between different strains and strain, and this depends on organic metabolism.For example, the essential amino acid that is generally understood as dog and cat (and people) is phenylalanine, leucine, methionine, lysine, isoleucine, valine, threonine, tryptophane, histidine and arginine.In addition, although taurine is not amino acid academicly, be the derivative of cysteine, be the essential nutrients of cat and dog.
Composition of the present invention also can contain the nutritious supplementary pharmaceutical of those skilled in the art's known quantity, as carnitine and ω-3 or ω-6 fatty acid, to avoid lacking and maintaining health.Carnitine or L-BETAIN are from lysine and the synthetic vitamin-like compound of methionine in body.Carnitine can naturally be present in composition of the present invention (as, linseed), or carnitine can be added in composition.
Composition of the present invention also can contain additive, stabilizing agent, filler, thickener, flavouring, flavoring agent and the colouring agent existed with amount well known to those skilled in the art and combination.The stability material can increase the shelf-life of composition and be that those skilled in the art are known.
As desired at this paper, composition of the present invention can contain from the about content of 3500 to about 4500kcal/kg Metabolizable energy.As mentioned in this article, " metabolizable energy " be animal when consuming meals (or composition), available energy after the energy of draining in deducting ight soil, urine and inflammable gas.Can be according to by the determined scheme of method known to those skilled in the art, as, according to the legal guide (AAFCO) proposed by U.S. feed supervisor association (Association ofAmerican Feed Control Officials), measure metabolizable energy value.
For instance, but be not limited to, this paper is contemplated that and causes that faecal volume and ight soil stench reduce, highly digestible composition of the present invention to contain: the rice that 36% beer brewing is used, 16% egg, 16% cornstarch, 14.5% corn gluten meal, 2.5% beet pulp, 2.5% soybean oil, 2% linseed, carnitine, one or more amino acid, minerals and vitamins and one or more flavoring agents.Especially, the dry matter of described compositions display >=88.0%, true albumen, fat, carbohydrate and energy digestibility.
When the composition of any denseness of expection or humidity, preferred composition of the present invention can be, for example, and wet, that partly wet or dry animal food composition." wet " food refers to that water capacity is from about 70 to 90% food." half is wet " food refers to have from the about food of 15% to 40% water capacity." dryness " food refers to from about 5% to 15% water capacity and usually with small pieces or wear into the composition that the form of the food of coarse grain is produced.This paper also comprises and can contain the component of various denseness and can comprise the composition more than a kind of component of denseness, for example, soft, chew meat sample particle and there is outer grain component and the food of wearing into coarse grain of internal layer constituents of milkfat, as described at United States Patent (USP) 6517877 for example.Then can be by the food of wearing into coarse grain dry and with one or more local dressing thing well known by persons skilled in the art such as spices, fat, oil, powder etc. dressing optionally.Can use conventional preparation method to prepare composition of the present invention.
Expect that the present invention described herein is not limited to described concrete methodology, scheme and reagent, because these can change.Should also be understood that term used herein is only in order to describe the purpose of specific embodiment, and be not intended to limit in any form category of the present invention.Have again, detailed description for embodiment only is intended to make others skilled in the art to know the present invention, its principle and its practical application, others skilled in the art can revise and apply the present invention in a variety of forms like this, but because the demand of practical application is understood on their optimum ground.Therefore, the invention is not restricted to embodiment described herein, and can do multiple modification.
Unless otherwise defined, all technology used herein and scientific terminology have the same implication that one skilled in the art of the present invention understand usually.That this paper quotes or relate to all patents, patent application, publication and other list of references, be incorporated into this paper and for whole purposes by quoting in full.Embodiment
embodiment 1
According to the food in nutrition guide (Nutrient Guide for Dogs) the preparation table 1 of U.S. feed supervisor association (Association of American FeedControl Officials) 2005 dogs and form the food wear into coarse grain, according to conventional method by its balance with the needs that meet the adult and sustain life and it is extruded and is made for the food that dryness is worn into coarse grain.Preparing two kinds of compositions all meets or surpasses AAFCO nutrient proposed standard.According to conventional method, as, adopt the Atwater equation, calculate metabolizable energy, and mean its percentage based on dry matter.Also provide five kinds of components that are rich in most (successively decreasing successively): table 1: the nutrient analysis of reference substance A and subject composition B and the first five being rich in are most planted component
embodiment 2
| Analyzed nutrient (based on dry matter) | Reference substance A | Subject composition B |
| Thick protein % | 25 | 24 |
| Crude fat % | 15.5 | 12.2 |
| Calcium % | 0.74 | 0.77 |
| Phosphorus % | 0.67 | 0.5 |
| Crude fibre % | 2.2 | 1.1 |
| Metabolizable energy (kcal/kg) | 4035 | 3900 |
| Lysine, % | 1.14 | 1.37 |
| Lysine: calorie | 2.8 | 3.5 |
| Component | ||
| 1 | Corn | Rice |
| 2 | Milo | Egg |
| 3 | Wheat | Cornstarch |
| 4 | The ground poultry | Corn gluten meal |
| 5 | The poultry digested tankage | Beet pulp |
Implement digestibility and study to measure the digestibility of reference substance and the test meal of embodiment 1.Two groups of each five dogs are fed composition period of 14 days of embodiment 1.One group of five dog reference substance A that feeds, and second group five dog feeding experiment composition B seven days.After seven days, will be exchanged to the food of two treated animals.Within the 1st day and the 2nd day, allow food is adapted to, and the 3rd to 7 days total ight soil amounts of Collection and analysis.At the 8th day, every group of the second food of feeding, a permission in two days adapts to new food, collects fecal sample every day and analyzes, for remaining research.Whole day is collected ight soil and is placed it in sealable polybag (24hr or until before morning cleans the cage tool).No. ID, marking animals, date and test number on sack.Any fecal matter sample must be in 5 ℃ of stored under refrigeration.Adopt displacement method to detect excremental volume.Fecal sample is weighed, then add to the top of ight soil densimeter.Collect the water of displacement and detect its amount in measuring graduates.Following bulk density value (g/cc): the weight of sample (gram) is divided by the amount (mL) of the water of displacement.Adopt general linear model (General Linear Models) the process analysis data of SAS, to measure processing method.All digestibility checks are all carried out according to conventional method.Digestibility value and fecal characteristics are provided in table 2.Table 2: the result of reference substance A and subject composition B digestibility research relatively
| Result of the test | Reference substance A | Subject composition B |
| Dry matter digestibility % | 86.2 | 89.5 |
| True protein digestibility % | 89.2 | 93.8 |
| Fat digestibility % | 94.5 | 94.2 |
| Carbohydrate digestion rate % | 95.5 | 96.0 |
| Energy digestibility % | 88.6 | 92.4 |
| Ight soil amount (g/ days) | 119.2 | 87.8 |
| Ight soil average weight (g) | 95.3 | 64.0 |
| Ight soil average external volume (ml) | 89.8 | 63.1 |
| Ight soil averag density (g/ml) | 1.06 | 1.01 |
| Every day, food was on average taken in (g) | 300 | 298 |
This result is pointed out, with the dog of the reference substance A that feeds, compares, and the animal of feeding experiment composition B produces less ight soil (according to stool weight and volume).
embodiment 3
According to nutrition guide (Nutrient Guide for Dogs) the test preparation composition C of U.S. feed supervisor association (Association of American FeedControl Officials) 2005 dogs, according to conventional method by its balance to meet the needs that sustain life of adult and it extruded and is made for the food that dryness is worn into coarse grain.Calculate the content of Metabolizable energy with the Atwater equation.Four components that are rich in most are rice, egg, cornstarch and corn gluten meal.By the content of methods known in the art analytical test composition C, and present as follows with the value based on dry matter.The analyzed nutrient of table 3: subject composition C
embodiment 4
| Nutrient | Subject composition C |
| Thick protein, % | 25.1 |
| Crude fat, % | 13.8 |
| Calcium, % | 0.64 |
| Ash content, % | 5.1 |
| Phosphorus, % | 0.62 |
| Crude fibre, % | 0.90 |
| NFE％ | 55.1 |
| Total dietary fiber, % | 4.65 |
| Metabolizable energy, kcal/kg | 3978 |
By the subject composition C of embodiment 3 and commercially available dog food (
adult Maintenance Small Bites (" EU-SB ")) relatively, implement digestibility research.Adopt the Atwater equation to calculate the content of Metabolizable energy.Four components that are rich in most of EU-SB are chicken, chicken byproduct powder, corn flour and whole grain sorghum flour (wholegrain sorghum).Adopt methods known in the art to analyze the composition of EU-SB, and the analysis with the nutrient of subject composition C provide together in table 4.The digestibility result of study presents in table 5.
As the enforcement digestibility research of describing in embodiment 2.In this example, two groups of each five dogs are fed or subject composition C or EU-SB 14 days by a definite date.One group five dog feed composition C, and second group of five dog are fed, EU-SB is seven days.After seven days, will be exchanged to the food of two treated animals.Within the 1st day and the 2nd day, allow food is adapted to, and collected total ight soil amount at the 3rd to 7 days.At the 8th day, every group of the second food of feeding, a permission in two days adapts to new food, collects fecal sample every day and analyzes, for the research of the remainder as in embodiment 2 descriptions.For each test of 7 days by a definite date, the ight soil that first three days is collected is for detection of volume, weight and the density of ight soil.Assess these three parts of ight soil detected values every day and calculate this mean value of three days.In addition, in the research, the ight soil of collecting in last two days is for detection of excremental smell.The consolidated material of two days detects (seeing following embodiment 5) for odor of excreta.Research approach below is provided:
the analyzed nutrient of table 4-food compositions
Table 5: the digestibility result of study of comparative test composition C and EU-SB
aP＜0.05
bP＜0.10
| Nutrient (based on the dry matter meter) | Subject composition C | EU-SB |
| Thick protein % | 25.1 | 26.5 |
| Crude fat % | 13.8 | 18.2 |
| Ash content % | 5.1 | 7.7 |
| Calcium % | 0.64 | 1.35 |
| Phosphorus % | 0.62 | 1.07 |
| Crude fibre % | 0.90 | 2.35 |
| NFE％ | 55.1 | 45.2 |
| Total dietary fiber % | 4.65 | 9.74 |
| Metabolizable energy (kcal/kg) | 3978 | 4058 |
| Result of the test | Subject composition C | EU-SB |
| Dry matter digestibility % | 91.0 | 84.9 a |
| True protein digestibility % | 98.2 | 89.9 a |
| Fat digestibility % | 94.3 | 95.5 a |
| Carbohydrate digestion rate % | 96.7 | 95.9 |
| Energy digestibility % | 92.7 | 89.1 a |
| Faecal volume (ml) | 54.7 | 90.1 |
| Stool weight (g) | 57.4 | 95.6 |
| Ight soil density (g/cc) | 0.99 | 1.05 |
This result indication, when dog that subject composition C is fed, produce less stool weight and volume than the dog of the delicatessen food EU-SB that feeds.
embodiment 5[0045] use the ight soil of collecting in the digestibility research from describing among embodiment 4, carry out the odor of excreta analysis.Before analysis by all fecal matter sample in 5 ℃ of refrigerations.Shift out sample and by animal, it is incorporated in Polythene Bag when needed from refrigerator.Then sample crumbed in bag and mixed the excreta material.Then the excreta material is loaded in the 10mL polyethylene syringes, and 5g (+/-0.01g) is injected to the headspace sampling bottle (headspace vial) of 20mL fast and screw lid for analyzing.Inject fast and play a part to increase the schedule of samples area from syringe.This appropriate balance for the volatile ingredient in fecal sample is vital.Prepare in this way sample and also play the effect of the sample form " normalization (normalize) " made in the headspace sampling bottle.
Then sample is loaded in Leap Technologies Combi-PAL sampler.This sampler is got each sample in turn, and by them in 30 ℃ of incubations, then use (SPME) fiber (Supelco, 1cm x75 μ m Carboxen/PDMS) sample introduction of solid phase micro extraction (Solid Phase Microextraction).This fiber is exposed to 30min in the head space of sample introduction bottle, then in the selective detector of injection gas chromatography proton (Agilent 6890 GasChromatograph/5973N Mass Selective Detector (GCMS)).On AgilentDB-WAXETR post (60mx0.25mmx0.25 μ m), separated.When completing analysis, deal with data is analyzed for ion (QIon) uniqueness (unique) of each compound to measure peak area.
The summary report of all peak areas is output to database, and each compound functional group main according to it is classified there.The peak area that gathers all compounds in each classification.Then adopt SAS to compare in pairs (Pairwise Comparisons) Proc combination process and analyze these total values.
The following program appraisal Fecal odor that adopts in the 6th, 7,13 and 14 days in research: in collecting the fresh excreta sample and placing it in the polybag of 3 Arabic numerals random codeds of prior use.Recruit 11 and estimate faunistic staff (animal colony staff members) to estimate sample.The sample evaluation completes in latter 1 hour in collection.Give each by sample according to random order one at a time and participate in the experimenter.Participate in the experimenter by holding the sack opened from approximately 1 foot, nose, adopt " mode (bunny sniffs) that the rabbit formula is air-breathing " smelling several times, to estimate sample.Participate in the experimenter with 5 minutes systems the odour intensity grade scoring to each sample, wherein 1=does not have the very strong smell of smell and 5=fully.The odour intensity grade scoring is recorded on the form provided.When research finishes, calculate the average of each sample, and adopt general linear model (GLM) program of SAS to compare.The result of Excretion Analysis provides in following table 6-14.Table 6: excreta stools scored
eU-SBtake in data:
the stool interval data:
subject composition Ctake in data:
the stool interval data:
eU-SBtake in data:
the stool interval data:
subject composition Ctake in data:
the stool interval data:
table 7: excremental average external volume, weight and density
table 8-odor of excreta: based on all feed dog with subject composition C and EU-SB, from comparison-(the adopting the statistics of relatively carrying out in pairs by ProcMixed) of the total peak area of all kinds of headroom volatile matters of dog ight soil-test 1
table 9-odor of excreta: based on all feed dog with subject composition C and EU-SB, from comparison-(the adopting the statistics of relatively carrying out in pairs by ProcMixed) of the total peak area of all kinds of headroom volatile matters of dog ight soil-test 2
table 10: the comparison of the total peak area between research (testing 1 and 2); Subject composition C changes the direction of the peak area of EU-SB
table 11-odor of excreta: based on all feed dog with subject composition C and EU-SB, from test 1 and the test 2 of comparison-(the adopting the statistics of relatively carrying out in pairs by ProcMixed) of the total peak area of all kinds of headroom volatile matters of dog ight soil-merge
table 12: the people is to excremental sensory evaluation: the odour intensity scoring-overall test (testing 2) that dog is fed after dried foodstuff-subject composition D and EU-SB
table 13: the people is to excremental sensory evaluation: to the odour intensity scoring of dog feeding experiment-composition C and EU-SB-by the component group of feeding (testing 2)
table 14-people is to excremental sensory evaluation: to the odour intensity scoring of dog feeding experiment composition C and EU-SB-by feed processing system grouping (testing 2)
The data that are presented in table point out, the excreta stools scored between subject composition C and EU-SB do not have difference (as, two kinds of meals testing in 1 are 4.9; EU-SB and subject composition C in test 2 are respectively 4.3 pairs 4.4).
Excreta stool weight and volume between subject composition C and EU-SB product are variant statistically.In two researchs (test 1 and test 2), with the dog of the EU-SB product of feeding, to compare, the stool weight of the dog of feeding experiment meals significantly alleviates (being respectively 95.6g to 57.4g) and faecal volume reduces (being respectively 90.1mL to 54.7mL).Excreta density does not have difference (1.05 couples of 0.99g/cc).What numeral showed is the average that is derived from two researchs.
Adopt the headspace analysis of Fecal odor, the assessment odor of excreta.The result that derives from the research of merging shows, compares the sulfur-containing compound (P<0.05) of the reduced levels of the dog generation 63% of feeding experiment meals with the dog of the EU-SB product of feeding.This is important discovery, because sulfur-containing compound has low-down threshold odour number, therefore reduces the improvement that these compounds should cause Fecal odor.The dog of feeding experiment meals also have remarkable reduced levels acid (as, reduce 49%; (P<0.05)).The dog (digital source of demonstration from merge research) of EU-SB meals fed has phenols (P<0.05), indoles (P<0.05) and the furans (P<0.05) of remarkable reduced levels.
The sense organ be comprised of 11 participants is appraised group through discussion, for will be from studying the Fecal odor intensity graduation of the fecal sample that 2 fecal samples collect.These analyze demonstration, with the dog of the EU-SB product of feeding, compare, and the dog of feeding experiment meals has (3.19 pairs 2.92 of lower odor of excreta scorings; P<0.05).Therefore, overall observed result (as, headspace analysis is considered together with organoleptic analysis's result) prompting, compare some other compound (as, furans, phenols and indoles) reduction, sulphur and may to also have the reduction of acid compound can be prior.
The subject composition C meals of dog are shown as very highly digestible.The digestibility of dry matter, true albumen and energy is respectively 91.0%, 98.2% and 92.7%.The digestibility increased not only reduces stool weight and volume, and reduces odor of excreta (as the two is assessed by analytical and sensory test).
Claims (28)
1. the digestible pet food composition of height that comprises high quality protein matter and highly digestible carbohydrate, wherein said pet food composition has the dry matter digestibility that is greater than 88%, wherein said high quality protein matter is can be to be greater than any protein or the protein mixture of 90% " true protein digestibility " digestion, and the digestible carbohydrate of described height is can be by animal digestion to the carbohydrate that is greater than 90%.
2. the pet food composition of claim 1, it comprises from 15% to 30% high quality protein matter source.
3. the pet food composition of claim 1, it comprises from 25% to 50% the digestible carbohydrate of height.
4. the pet food composition of any one in aforementioned claim, its have be greater than 88% can be by the dry matter of dog digestion.
5. the pet food composition of any one in claim 1-3, it comprises from 3% to 6% total dietary fiber.
6. the pet food composition of any one in claim 1-3, it comprises from 11% to 16% fat.
7. the pet food composition of any one in claim 1-3, it comprises the content from 3500 to 4500kcal/kg Metabolizable energy.
8. the pet food composition of any one in claim 1-3, wherein said high quality protein matter is selected from meat, meat by-products, seafood, dairy products, egg and composition thereof.
9. the pet food composition of any one in claim 1-3, the digestible carbohydrate of wherein said height is selected from corn, wheat, distiller's dried grain, cornstarch, rice, corn gluten meal, and composition thereof.
10. the pet food composition of any one in claim 1-3, described pet food composition comprises the material that is selected from sodium, potassium, magnesium, manganese, calcium, chloride, copper, zinc, choline, iron, phosphorus, iodine and selenium.
11. the pet food composition of any one in claim 1-3, described pet food composition comprises and is selected from vitamin A, Cobastab
1, Cobastab
2, Cobastab
6, Cobastab
12, vitamin C, vitamin D, vitamin E, biotin, vitamin K, folic acid, inositol, nicotinic acid and pantothenic acid vitamin.
12. the pet food composition of any one in claim 1-3, described pet food composition comprises carnitine.
13. the pet food composition of any one in claim 1-3, described pet food composition comprises and is selected from phenylalanine, leucine, methionine, lysine, isoleucine, valine, threonine, tryptophan, histidine and arginic amino acid.
14. the pet food composition of any one in claim 1-3, wherein said pet food composition is the Dry pet food products composition.
15. the pet food composition of any one in claim 1-3, wherein said pet food composition is the wet pet food composition.
16. the pet food composition of any one in claim 1-3, wherein said pet food composition is nutrition pet food composition completely.
17. the pet food composition of any one in claim 1-3, wherein said pet food composition is dog food.
18. a highly digestible pet food composition, it comprises:
(a) rice that 36% beer brewing is used;
(b) 16% egg;
(c) 16% cornstarch;
(d) 14.5% corn gluten meal;
(e) 2.5% beet pulp;
(f) 2.5% soybean oil;
(g) 2.0% linseed; With
(h) carnitine,
Described pet food composition has the dry matter that can be digested by dog that is greater than 88%.
19. the pet food composition of claim 18, wherein said pet food composition is the Dry pet food products composition.
20. the pet food composition of claim 18, wherein said pet food composition is the wet pet food composition.
21. the pet food composition of any one in claim 18-20, wherein said pet food composition is nutrition pet food composition completely.
22. the pet food composition of any one in claim 18-20, wherein said pet food composition is dog food.
23. the pet food composition of any one in claim 18-20, the true protein digestibility of wherein said pet food composition is greater than 90%.
24. the pet food composition of any one in claim 18-20, the carbohydrate digestion rate of wherein said pet food composition is greater than 90%.
25. the method for the volume of the ight soil that a minimizing is produced by animal, described method comprises the composition of any one in feeding animals claim 1-24.
26. the amount of sulfur-containing compound reduce thus the method for Fecal odor in the ight soil that a minimizing is produced by animal, described method comprises the composition of any one in feeding animals claim 1-24.
27. high quality protein matter and highly digestible carbohydrate are fed to the application in the food compositions of animal in preparation, to reduce the volume by the ight soil that animal was produced, wherein said high quality protein matter is can be to be greater than any protein or the protein mixture of 90% " true protein digestibility " digestion, the digestible carbohydrate of described height is can be by animal digestion to the carbohydrate that is greater than 90%, and wherein said food compositions has the dry matter digestibility that is greater than 88%.
28. high quality protein matter and highly digestible carbohydrate are fed to the application in the food compositions of animal in preparation, to reduce the smell by the ight soil that animal was produced, wherein said high quality protein matter is can be to be greater than any protein or the protein mixture of 90% " true protein digestibility " digestion, the digestible carbohydrate of described height is can be by animal digestion to the carbohydrate that is greater than 90%, and wherein said food compositions has the dry matter digestibility that is greater than 88%.
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| PCT/US2007/073027 WO2009008883A1 (en) | 2007-07-09 | 2007-07-09 | Compositions and methods for reducing stool volume and stool odor |
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| RU2564089C2 (en) * | 2010-05-12 | 2015-09-27 | Хилл`С Пет Ньютришн, Инк. | Methods of diagnostics, control and prevention of inflammation and inflammatory conditions attenuation in canines |
| WO2013095323A1 (en) * | 2011-12-19 | 2013-06-27 | Hill's Pet Nutrition, Inc. | Highly digestible pet food for improving stool quality |
| EP2919590B1 (en) | 2012-11-15 | 2017-11-01 | Hill's Pet Nutrition, Inc. | Hairball control through dietary mineral limitation |
| CN107404902A (en) * | 2015-02-13 | 2017-11-28 | 马斯公司 | Pet food feeds system |
| GB201522304D0 (en) | 2015-12-17 | 2016-02-03 | Mars Inc | Food product for reducing muscle breakdown |
| CN112772771A (en) * | 2021-01-07 | 2021-05-11 | 乖宝宠物食品集团股份有限公司 | Wet pet food capable of being used as staple food for long term and preparation method thereof |
| US20230371552A1 (en) * | 2022-05-23 | 2023-11-23 | Hill's Pet Nutrition, Inc. | Pet Food Compositions |
| CN115152896B (en) * | 2022-07-07 | 2023-08-04 | 卫仕宠物营养科学研究院(江苏)有限公司 | Preparation method of hydrolyzed fish protein powder for improving pet cat and dog excrement peculiar smell |
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| US20030228349A1 (en) * | 2002-06-11 | 2003-12-11 | Bhajmohan Singh | Method for preparing an enhanced digestibility and stool index modulating composition for an animal |
| US7687077B2 (en) * | 2003-11-26 | 2010-03-30 | Hill's Pet Nutrition, Inc. | Method to reduce stool odor of companion animals |
| ATE537709T1 (en) * | 2003-11-26 | 2012-01-15 | Hills Pet Nutrition Inc | METHOD FOR REDUCING THE SMELL OF EXCREMENT OF PETS |
| US20080311226A1 (en) * | 2005-11-04 | 2008-12-18 | Hill's Pet Nutrition, Inc. | Methods and Compositions For Improving Stool Quality |
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| WO2009008883A1 (en) | 2009-01-15 |
| AU2007356457A1 (en) | 2009-01-15 |
| CA2692586A1 (en) | 2009-01-15 |
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