CN101795264A - Video data transmission method and system - Google Patents
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- CN101795264A CN101795264A CN200910244402A CN200910244402A CN101795264A CN 101795264 A CN101795264 A CN 101795264A CN 200910244402 A CN200910244402 A CN 200910244402A CN 200910244402 A CN200910244402 A CN 200910244402A CN 101795264 A CN101795264 A CN 101795264A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a video data transmission method. The method comprises the following steps: receiving a client request for transmitting a video clip, wherein the request carries a network bandwidth parameter; regulating the video data size of the video clip according to the network bandwidth, so that the video data size matches the detected network bandwidth parameter; and transmitting the regulated video clip to the client. The invention also provides a video data transmission system, which comprises a client and a video server, wherein the client transmits a request for distributing the video clip and provides the network bandwidth information to the video server; and the video server regulates the video data size of the video clip according to the network bandwidth information so that the video data size matches the network bandwidth parameter, and transmits the regulated video clip to the client. The invention can transmits video data after self-adapting to the network bandwidth, thereby maximally ensuring the fluent playing of the video. In addition, in the distribution process, partial contents in a video file is transmitted each time, thereby simplifying the file management.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to network service and multimedia technology field, be specifically related to a kind of video data transmission method and system.
Background technology
In recent years, the development of the universal and network multimedia technology in broadband, transmitting video data by network becomes one of service very popular on the Internet, the huge and quick growth of video user quantity, the market capacity of Internet video is also in quick growth.At present, internet video, mobile TV, Web TV (IPTV, Internet Protocol Television) etc. video new media business is flourish, content delivering system is used for video data is sent to the terminal use from operator, is one of link of most critical in the video new media operation flow.Stream media technology is the content distribution techniques of extensive employing of current industry, and it allows the user to play while downloading, need not to wait for that the whole downloads of video finish.The efficient and the quality of video stream media distribution have determined operating cost of operator to a great extent, and have determined terminal use's the experience of viewing and admiring.
Adopt the mode of Streaming Media to realize the Internet video distribution, client terminal playing software is to the request message of streaming media server transmission about video file, and streaming media server then sends the data content of video file with specific host-host protocol feedback.The Streaming Media host-host protocol comparatively extensively adopts at present HTTP Hypertext Transport Protocol (HTTP, HyperText Transfer Protocol), real-time streaming protocol (RTSP, Real TimeStreaming Protocol) the proprietary protocol real-time messages transportation protocol (RTMP, Real-time Messaging Protocol) of standard association and Adobe company such as.Various stream media protocols are because of its realization mechanism difference, and the function of being supported is also inequality.For example, the RTMP agreement of Adobe company is supported the video distribution function of adaptive bandwidth, promptly can be according to the bandwidth environment of network, send the video data of suitable data volume.In realized inside, in fact the streaming media server Flash Media Server of Adobe company needed to store in advance the copies of video files of different code checks.Such as, in order to adapt to 300Kbps, the network bandwidth condition of 400Kbps and 450Kbps need be three parts of copies with same video file transcoding in advance, i.e. each portion of video of 300Kbps, 400Kbps and 450Kbps code check.In distribution procedure, the detection bandwidth parameter is also selected the copies of video files of corresponding code check.
In addition, the http protocol that a kind of industry is commonly used, because its agreement itself is simple, the function of support only is that simple file transmits.In reality was utilized, the video traffic network operator often was divided into a plurality of video segment files with a video file, and the copy of a plurality of code checks of each video segment file storage, reached the purpose that reduces flow and adapt to bandwidth.
Though above-mentioned several agreements and utilize the specific practice of these agreements to solve the purpose that reduces flow and adaptive bandwidth in practice, but some drawbacks have also been brought simultaneously, as inefficiency, need to prepare the copy of a plurality of video segment files and many parts of videos (fragment) file; Management inconvenience need be carried out management by synchronization to a plurality of video segment files and copy thereof; Content distributing network (CDN, the Content Delivery Network) framework that incompatibility is present.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of video data transmission method and system, sends but network bandwidth adaptive carries out video data, guarantees the smooth playing of video to greatest extent; And in distribution procedure, transmit the partial content in the video file at every turn, and avoided a video file is divided into a plurality of video clips files, simplified file management.
A kind of video data transmission method that the embodiment of the invention provides comprises:
Reception sends the request of first video segment from the requirement of client, and this request carries described first video segment identification information and current available network bandwidth parameter;
Adjust the video data volume of described first video segment according to described available network bandwidth, and adjusted first video segment is sent to described client;
Reception sends the request of second video segment from the requirement of client, and this request carries described second video segment identification information and detected network bandwidth parameter;
Adjust the video data content of described second video segment, itself and the network bandwidth parameter that obtains that detects are complementary;
Send adjusted second video segment to described client.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of video data transfer system, comprises video server and client;
Described client, the message that is used to send request distribution of video fragment be to described video server, and provide the video segment identification information of being asked and network bandwidth information to video server;
Described video server is adjusted the video data volume of described video segment according to described network bandwidth information, and itself and the network bandwidth parameter that obtains that detects are complementary; And send adjusted video segment to described client.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of video server, comprising:
Receiving element is used to receive the request that sends video segment from the requirement of client, and this request carries described video segment identification information and current available network bandwidth parameter;
Adjustment unit is adjusted the video data volume of described video segment according to described available network bandwidth, and itself and the described network bandwidth are complementary;
Transmitting element is used for adjusted video segment is sent to described client.
Ground preferably, this video server also comprises:
Judging unit is used to judge whether the video data volume of described video segment multiply by the data volume that the described required time of video clips normal play obtains greater than the described network bandwidth;
If described judging unit judges that the video data volume of described video segment multiply by the data volume that the described required time of video clips normal play obtains greater than the described network bandwidth, then indicate adjustment unit to delete the video data volume in the described video segment, to adapt to the network bandwidth.
Compare with video data distribution technology scheme of the prior art, video data tranmission techniques scheme provided by the invention, under the heterogeneous networks bandwidth condition, can select to transmit the content of only data volume according to user's different bandwidth automatically, guarantee smoothness, the high-quality broadcast of video; Traditional stream media system is in order to provide the self-adaption code rate distribution function, by storing realizing of many parts of video copy.Use the method disclosed in the present and system, only need the video file of single part of storage, saved memory space and cost.Video data distribution method provided by the invention and system, in video data transmission process, not whole part of video content of disposable transmission, but according to a segment of the each transmitted video content of client-requested, and transmit based on current available network bandwidth, made full use of network bandwidth resources.In the video data distribution flow of prior art, from the streaming media server to end-user customer, used a lot of caching technologys in each intermediate link of end, CDN buffer memory for example, video file is data-intensive, and the video data volume is big, is unfavorable for the caching system processing.Video data distribution method provided by the invention and system are that unit transmits with the video clips, and the data volume of video clips is little more a lot of than whole video file, more help caching system and handle, and improve buffer efficiency.Method of video distribution of the prior art and system have taked single video file explicitly is divided into the way of a plurality of video clips files, distribute single video clips file at every turn, and this has increased very burden for the management of video file.Can guarantee the smooth playing of video to greatest extent according to the present invention; The object of storage and management remains complete video file in the technical scheme provided by the invention, and in distribution procedure, each partial content that transmits in the video file has been avoided a video file is divided into a plurality of video clips files, thereby has been simplified storage administration.
Figure of description
Fig. 1 is the method for video distribution flow chart that the embodiment of the invention provides;
Fig. 2 a is the video data frame structural representation that the embodiment of the invention provides;
Fig. 2 b is the adjusted video segment schematic diagram that the embodiment of the invention provides;
Fig. 3 is the video distribution system configuration diagram that the embodiment of the invention provides;
Fig. 4 is that the video server that the embodiment of the invention provides constitutes schematic diagram.
Embodiment
In order to solve problems of the prior art or drawback as described in the background art, the invention provides a kind of method that sends video file content piecemeal that can network bandwidth adaptive.In fact usually said video file comprises the file mark information data, audio coding decoding information data, coding and decoding video information data, audio content data and video content data.Video file sending method provided by the invention, its basic principle is, from server to the process of transmitting of client, each part (being called video segment) that only sends the whole video file, and, according to the dynamic video data of adjusting in the video segment to be sent of network bandwidth parameter, such as under the prerequisite that does not influence the vision signal normal play, abandon wherein unessential data, make from server and satisfy network bandwidth condition to the overall data amount that client sends.Usually adopt this simple, effective code check adaptation method of frame losing (Dropping Frame), promptly by abandoning the data volume that the coded frame of some in the video sequence reduces video, the variation of network bandwidth adaptive.Discardable frame is the coded frame less to user's subjective perception quality influence, thereby guarantees the video reconstruction quality to greatest extent.
With reference to Fig. 1, a kind of video data transmission method provided by the invention comprises the steps:
S101, the user end to server request is about the metamessage of certain video file to be sent, and this metamessage comprises video segment quantity and each video segment identification information of described video file to be sent;
S102, server feeds back to client with the metamessage of this video file;
In advance video file to be sent is divided into some video segments, each video segment comprises picture group (the Group of Pictures) unit that is provided with when some video files are encoded, and for each video segment is provided with sign, this sign can adopt this video segment sequence number or the start position information of this video segment in video file.As the case may be, the picture group element number that comprises of each video segment can be identical also can be different.
In addition, client also can obtain the metamessage of video file by other approach.Therefore S101 and S102 are optional step.
S103, client sends the request that requires distribution first video segment, and this request carries the first video segment identification information and current available network bandwidth parameter;
Client is according to the metamessage of video file and the current available network bandwidth parametric configuration request message to a certain segment contents in this video, and sends to server.
S104, server be according to the video data volume of network bandwidth parameter adjustment first video segment in the request message that receives, and adjusted first video segment is sent to described client;
Under the prerequisite that does not influence the vision signal normal play, abandon wherein unessential data, make from server and satisfy network bandwidth condition to the overall data amount that client sends.
Usually, the video segment content comprises:
The file header sign data of this video file;
Video section essential decoding parametric data of when decoding in this video file;
Essential decoding parametric data during this video file sound intermediate frequency partial decoding of h;
In this video file from the original position of video segment of request to the audio content data the final position;
In this video file from the original position of video segment of request to the video data the final position, and the bandwidth parameter of data volume size and client-requested is complementary.
Particularly, shown in Fig. 2 a, a video file includes three video segments, and each fragment has some video data frames, as I frame, B frame and P frame and corresponding voice data.
In video coding, the basic procedure of I frame coding is: carry out infra-frame prediction, the intra prediction mode that decision is adopted; Pixel value deducts predicted value, obtains residual error; Residual error is carried out transform and quantization; Variable-length encoding and arithmetic coding; Reconstructed image and filtering, the image that obtains is as the reference frame of other frame.
Only with reference to the frame of front, the B frame can be with reference to the frame of front or back for the P frame, and the basic procedure of P frame and B frame coding is:
At first, carry out estimation, calculate rate distortion function (joint) value that adopts interframe encoding mode, carry out infra-frame prediction, frame mode and the inter-frame mode of choosing rate distortion function value minimum compare, determine to adopt which kind of coding mode, calculate the difference of actual value and predicted value, residual error is carried out transform and quantization, entropy coding, if interframe encoding mode, encoding motion vector.
Hence one can see that, and the I frame is a key frame, belongs to compression in the frame, and the P frame is to search for forward, and the B frame is bidirectional research, and the two all comes packed data based on the I frame.The I frame is as the reference frame, adopts infra-frame prediction, the P frame with the I frame of front or P frame as the reference frame, the B frame with the P frame of the I frame of front or P frame and back as the reference frame.
If the video data volume of video segment multiply by the data volume that the described required time of video clips normal play obtains greater than the described network bandwidth, then server is deleted the video data volume in the described video segment, to adapt to the network bandwidth.Therefore, with video data B frame deletion, obtain the first new video segment and send to client.
S105, client detects current video delivery network bandwidth;
The detection computations method of the network bandwidth is specially:
The data volume that client received in certain unit interval time period during receiving first video segment.The data volume of the current video fragment that received divided by receiving the used time of these data, is promptly obtained current video delivery network bandwidth.
S106, client send to require the request of distribution second video segment to server, and this request carries the network bandwidth parameter that the described second video segment identification information and detection computations obtain;
The client request that send to require distribution second video segment is to server in the following cases:
Client is received the first video segment content; Or
Client has been received the first video segment content, and from time that finishes of first video segment less than predetermined threshold value; Or
Client stop to play (such as, because of accident or user initiatively change other programs) first video segment, and ask another video segment.
S107, server are complementary itself and the network bandwidth parameter that obtains that detects according to the video data content of detect network bandwidth parameter adjustment second video segment that obtains;
S104 is similar with step, based on the detect network bandwidth that obtains the video data content of second video segment is adjusted, and makes itself and network bandwidth parameter matching.
The video data volume of described adjusted video segment is determined according to following step:
Calculate the data value that multiplies each other and obtain described video segment according to the time span that the normal play of described network bandwidth parameter and video segment is required;
If the video data volume of second video segment multiply by the data volume that the described required time of video clips normal play obtains greater than the described network bandwidth, then server is deleted the video data volume in the described video segment, to adapt to the network bandwidth.Therefore, with video data B frame (being the V5 frame) deletion, obtain video segment shown in Fig. 2 b as the second new video segment.
S108 sends adjusted second video segment to described client.
Give described client with second video segment behind the deletion video data frame V5.
As shown in Figure 3, a kind of video data transfer system 200 that the embodiment of the invention provides comprises video server 210 and at least one client 220.
Wherein, network bandwidth information is the current available network bandwidth, or detects the network bandwidth parameter that obtains between described video segment transmission period.
When the video data volume of video segment multiply by the data volume that the required time of normal play obtains greater than the described network bandwidth, then video server is deleted the video data volume in this video segment, to adapt to the network bandwidth.
In one of following situation, the request that client will require to send another video segment sends to video server:
Client is received the current video segment contents; Or
Client has been received the current video fragment data, and from time that finishes of current video fragment less than predetermined threshold value; Or
Client stops to play the current video fragment, and asks another video segment.
In the video data transfer system that the embodiment of the invention provides, the reciprocal process between server and the client is method flow as described above, does not repeat them here.
With reference to Fig. 4, the embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of video server 300, comprising:
Receiving element 310 is used to receive the request that sends video segment from the requirement of client, and this request carries described video segment identification information and current available network bandwidth parameter;
Transmitting element 330 is used for adjusted video segment is sent to described client.
This video server 300 also comprises:
Judging unit 340 is used to judge whether the video data volume of video segment to be sent multiply by the data volume that the required time of this video segment normal play obtains greater than the described network bandwidth;
If judging unit 340 judges that the video data volume of video segment to be sent multiply by the data volume that the required time of this video segment normal play obtains greater than the described network bandwidth, then indicate adjustment unit 320 to delete the video data volume in this video segment to be sent, to adapt to the network bandwidth.
Compare with video data distribution technology scheme of the prior art, video data tranmission techniques scheme provided by the invention, under the heterogeneous networks bandwidth condition, can select to transmit the content of only data volume according to user's different bandwidth automatically, guarantee smoothness, the high-quality broadcast of video; Traditional stream media system is in order to provide the self-adaption code rate distribution function, by storing realizing of many parts of video copy.Use the method disclosed in the present and system, only need the video content of single part of storage, saved memory space and cost.Video data distribution method provided by the invention and system, in video data transmission process, not whole part of video content of disposable transmission, but according to a segment of the each transmitted video content of client-requested, and transmit based on current available network bandwidth, made full use of network bandwidth resources.In the video data distribution flow of prior art, from the streaming media server to end-user customer, used a lot of caching technologys in each intermediate link of end, content distributing network CDN buffer memory for example, video file is data-intensive, and the video data volume is big, is unfavorable for the caching system processing.Video data distribution method provided by the invention and system are that unit transmits with the video clips, and the data volume of video clips is little more a lot of than whole video file, more help caching system and handle, and improve buffer efficiency.Method of video distribution of the prior art and system have taked single video file explicitly is divided into the way of a plurality of video clips files, distribute single video clips file at every turn, and this has increased very burden for the management of video file.Can guarantee the smooth playing of video to greatest extent according to the present invention; The object of storage and management remains complete video file in the technical scheme provided by the invention, and in distribution procedure, each partial content that transmits in the video file has been avoided a video file is divided into a plurality of video clips files, thereby has been simplified storage administration.
According to described disclosed embodiment, can be so that those skilled in the art can realize or use the present invention.To those skilled in the art, the various modifications of these embodiment are conspicuous, and the general principles of definition here also can be applied to other embodiment on the basis that does not depart from the scope of the present invention with purport.Above-described embodiment only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is in order to restriction the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention not all, any modification of being done, is equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (13)
1. a video data transmission method is characterized in that, comprising:
Reception sends the request of first video segment from the requirement of client, and this request carries described first video segment identification information and current available network bandwidth parameter;
Adjust the video data volume of described first video segment according to described available network bandwidth, and adjusted first video segment is sent to described client;
Reception sends the request of second video segment from the requirement of client, and this request carries described second video segment identification information and detected network bandwidth parameter;
Adjust the video data content of described second video segment, itself and the network bandwidth parameter that obtains that detects are complementary;
Send adjusted second video segment to described client.
2. video data transmission method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that,
The video data content of described adjustment video segment is specially:
When the data volume of described video segment multiply by the data volume that the described required time of video clips normal play obtains greater than the described network bandwidth, delete the video data volume in the described video segment, to adapt to the network bandwidth.
3. video data transmission method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that,
Detected network bandwidth parameter detects between the described first video segment transmission period and obtains.
4. video data transmission method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the request that described client requires to send second video segment sends in one of following situation:
Client terminal playing is finished the first video segment content; Or
Client has been received the first video segment content, and from time that finishes of first video segment less than predetermined threshold value; Or
Client stops to play first video segment, and asks another video segment.
5. video data transmission method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, receives before the request from client requirement transmission first video segment, also comprises:
In advance video file to be sent is divided into some video segments;
The metamessage of described video file to be sent is sent to client, and this metamessage comprises video segment quantity and each the video segment identification information that described video file to be sent comprises.
6. video data transmission method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that,
The video data volume of described adjusted video segment is determined according to following step:
Obtain the data value of described video segment according to the normal play required time of described network bandwidth parameter and the video segment meter that multiplies each other.
7. as each described video data transmission method in the claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that,
The picture group unit that described video segment is provided with when comprising N coding, N is a natural number.
8. a video data transfer system comprises video server and client, it is characterized in that,
Described client, the message that is used to send request distribution of video fragment be to described video server, and provide the video segment identification information of being asked and network bandwidth information to video server;
Described video server is adjusted the video data volume of described video segment according to described network bandwidth information, and itself and the network bandwidth parameter that obtains that detects are complementary; And send adjusted video segment to described client.
9. video data transfer system as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that,
Described network bandwidth information is the current available network bandwidth, or detects the network bandwidth parameter that obtains between described video segment transmission period.
10. video data transfer system as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that,
The video data volume of described video segment multiply by the data volume that the described required time of video clips normal play obtains greater than the described network bandwidth, and then described video server is deleted the video data volume in the described video segment, to adapt to the network bandwidth.
11. video data transfer system as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that,
The request that will require to send another video segment in the described client of one of following situation sends to described video server:
Client is received the current video segment contents; Or
Client has been received the current video segment contents, and from time that finishes of current video fragment less than predetermined threshold value; Or
Client stops to play the current video fragment, and asks another video segment.
12. a video server is characterized in that, comprising:
Receiving element is used to receive the request that sends video segment from the requirement of client, and this request carries described video segment identification information and current available network bandwidth parameter;
Adjustment unit is adjusted the video data volume of described video segment according to described available network bandwidth, and itself and the described network bandwidth are complementary;
Transmitting element is used for adjusted video segment is sent to described client.
13. video server as claimed in claim 12 is characterized in that, also comprises:
Judging unit is used to judge whether the video data volume of described video segment multiply by the data volume that the described required time of video clips normal play obtains greater than the described network bandwidth;
If described judging unit judges that the video data volume of described video segment multiply by the data volume that the described required time of video clips normal play obtains greater than the described network bandwidth, then indicate adjustment unit to delete the video data volume in the described video segment, to adapt to the network bandwidth.
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