CN101795146B - Multi-frequency-band cognitive network node used for frequency spectrum monitoring - Google Patents
Multi-frequency-band cognitive network node used for frequency spectrum monitoring Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention designs a hardware terminal used for multi-frequency-band detection in radio cognitive network, which is used for detecting and using frequency spectrum resources in frequency bands of authorized television broadcasting and parts of frequency bands of unauthorized ISM. The frequency bands of the authorized television broadcasting are mainly concentrated in TV signal channels in 47MHz to 910MHz VHF/UHF, and the frequency bands of the unauthorized ISM are mainly concentrated in the frequency bands of 433.05MHz to 434.79MHz, 902 to 928MHz, and 2.400 to 2.4835GHz (ZigBee). A hardware of a cognitive node consists of a processor, a radio frequency module, a memory, a display module and a power supply module, wherein the processor adopts an ARM1136 (J)F-S microprocessor inner core of the ARM company, and is responsible for the task scheduling, the information processing, the driving module and the network protocol stack of the whole node. The radio frequency module is divided into three parts which are respectively responsible for the scanning of the frequency bands of the television broadcasting and the frequency bands of the ISM. The scanning of the frequency bands of the television broadcasting adopt a Broadcom BCM2940 mobile television receiver, the frequency bands of 433.05MHz to 434.79MHz and 902 to 928MHz in the frequency bands of the ISM adopt a PTR8000+ module for scanning, the ZigBee frequency band adopts a CC2420 radio frequency chip for scanning. The invention can scan the corresponding frequency bands through the device, the resource information of the corresponding frequency spectrum is displayed, and finally, the detection on the radio frequency spectrum resources can be realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the cognitive network node for frequency spectrum detection, more specifically, relate to the frequency spectrum detection cognitive radio, belong to the cognitive radio technology field.
Background technology
Cognition network is to develop on the basis of cognitive radio (Cognitive Radio, CR).The initial purpose that proposes of cognitive radio is to solve the not high problem of the availability of frequency spectrum that the radio spectrum resources anxiety is distributed.Under traditional spectrum management mode, the radio control department of most countries distributes to different users with the frequency below the 3GHz on the one hand, and therefore along with the continuous increase of people's mobile wireless business demand, it is more and more rare that radio resource will become.And on the other hand, be presented at the availability of frequency spectrum from 15% to 85% of having distributed in different time and the space by the test report of FCC (Federal Communication Commissions, FFC) and do not wait.
In order to alleviate the current availability of frequency spectrum lowly and the contradiction between the ever-increasing frequency spectrum resource demand, academia has proposed the concept of CR.Cognitive radio realizes that by frequency spectrum environment such as perceived frequency, time and spatial domains frequency spectrum is dynamically shared, and flexibly spectrum utilization is provided, and utilizes the frequency spectrum that leaves unused to carry out the signal transmission, to satisfy commerce, military, the continuous demand that changes of government guest.The at present research of CR is at the early-stage, and a lot of viewpoints are also ununified, even dispute is very large, and for example authorized user is suspected the reliability of CR user's frequency spectrum detection, worries that communication reliability is subject to CR user's threat; The checking of getting on of the various frequency spectrum detecting methods that propose at present on the other hand the system in reality of often having no chance.Therefore, a concrete experimental system can well illustrate and verify the problems of CR, can accumulate experience, provide reference to the research of CR theory and the establishment of standard.
Comparatively popular and ripe Software Radio platform is common software radio peripheral hardware (the Universal Software Radio Peripheral that Eric Blossom proposes in GUN Radio and the Ettus Matt of proposition in 2000 at present, USRP), GUNRadio is a software kit that is used for making up Software Radio platform of increasing income, be responsible for the digital signal that receives from hardware platform USRP is processed, the data communication device after then will processing is crossed display or the sound card of PC and is passed to the external world.USRP comprises a mother matrix and some daughter boards, and mother matrix is responsible for being transferred among the PC changing finally from the live signal of daughter board or IQ signal.It can be changed daughter board and realize scanning to different frequency range, but can not scan a plurality of frequency ranges simultaneously, and the present invention can scan three frequency ranges simultaneously, utilizes more fully frequency spectrum resource.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to realize a kind of cognitive network node for frequency spectrum detection, the operating position of its frequency spectrum resource in can the certain frequency range of perception.By three different frequency ranges are monitored, fully also effectively utilize existing frequency spectrum resource.
The technical solution used in the present invention is:
The cognitive network node that is used for frequency spectrum detection, it is characterized in that, the hardware of this node is comprised of processor, radio-frequency module, memory, display module and power module, and radio-frequency module, memory, display module link to each other with processor, and power module provides power supply for other modules.
The ARM1136J of processor adopting ARM company (F)-S micro-processor kernel cooperates suitable peripheral circuit, erects the hardware platform of whole node.I/O pin by processor can be realized the common hardware standard interfaces such as RS232, SPI and USB, also can realize by processor simultaneously the driver of its hardware interface, the reading and writing data program is so that can carry out immediately the scanning of corresponding frequency spectrum after the radio-frequency apparatus access cognitive nodes.
Radio-frequency module mainly is responsible for three frequency ranges are carried out perception and transmission:
1.47MHz perception and the transmission of the TV channel the in～910MHzVHF/UHF frequency range
Send for signal, will be realized by cognitive nodes the transmission system of DVB-H transmission IP service.By microprocessor the data that perceive being carried out certain encapsulation then launches.
Receive for signal, adopt television broadcast receiver to receive the digital television signal of terrestrial broadcasting and satellite broadcasting.The present invention utilizes hardware mode to realize DVB-H MPE-FEC mechanism for correcting errors, the data that mis repair and reduction send.Adopt the mobile TV receiver of Broadcom BCM2940.
2.433.05 the perception of～434.79MHz and 902～928MHz ISM band and transmission
The nRF905 monolithic radio frequency transceiving chip of selecting Norway Nordic VLSI company to produce.It can work in three ISM of 433/868/915MHz (industry, science and medical science) frequency range, and can perception and the spectrum information of surveying on the corresponding band.
3.2.400 perception and the transmission of～2.4835GHz ISM band (ZigBee)
Selection work is at the single-chip low-voltage CC2420 of 2.4GHz transceiver.CC2420 be TI-Chipcon company release first meet the radio-frequency (RF) transceiver of 2.4GHz IEEE802.15.4 standard, also be the RF device that first item is applicable to the ZigBee product.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is:
Traditional Wireless Telecom Equipment can only use pre-assigned definite frequency range usually, and its hardware is only supported less frequency band range, and can only be with fixing bandwidth work.Cognitive nodes device of the present invention can be selected working frequency range in three different band limits, in conjunction with concrete algorithm, existence and the appearance of concrete analysis radio frequency environment, judgement authorized user (such as TV user), and adjust parameter, take rationally to dodge strategy according to analysis result, and authorized user original on its frequency range is not caused flagrant impact.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the hardware architecture framework of cognitive nodes;
Fig. 2 is ARM1136J (F)-S micro-processor kernel framework;
Fig. 3 is DVB-H data encapsulation form;
Fig. 4 is that cognitive nodes is used schematic diagram;
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
The overall construction drawing of its hardware as shown in Figure 1, sensor node is comprised of the processor shown in the figure, radio-frequency module, display module and power module.Radio-frequency module, memory, display module and processor link to each other, and power module provides power supply for each module.
The processor chips of sensor node are selected the microprocessor take the ARM1136J of ARM company (F)-S as kernel, ARM1136J (F)-S kernel is based on the ARMv6 instruction set architecture, adopt the operation of 8 level production lines, Load-Store unit and arithmetic operation unit have respectively independently streamline, and have branch prediction and forward data passage, can improve efficiently the efficient of pile line operation.In the system of ARMv6, between processor cores, Instruction Cache and the Data Cache, and the data channel between kernel and the coprocessor is 64bit, permission is in two instructions of single cycle emission, greatly improve the transfer rate of data, avoided again simultaneously power consumption that 64 bit processors bring and the significant rising of cost.The instruction set of ARMv6 has increased the multimedia instruction of a large amount of supports, makes ARM11 be suitable for audio and video frequency signal processing and the processing of 3-D view signal, and the MMU of ARM11 can support the zero access of memory.ARM1136J (F)-S kernel highest frequency can reach 660MHz, so disposal ability is very powerful.I/O pin and the peripheral circuit of design microprocessor are realized the common hardware standard interfaces such as USB, RS232, and realize driver and the reading and writing data program of its interface, just can expand more easily ancillary equipment by these interfaces.
The radio-frequency module of sensor node is divided into the perception of three frequency ranges and transmission:
1.47MHz perception and the transmission of the TV channel the in～910MHzVHF/UHF frequency range
Send for signal, will be realized by cognitive nodes the transmission system of DVB-H transmission IP service.At first the service data of DVB-H is packaged into after the IP package in processor, it is packaged among the transmission stream TS again, and add simultaneously timesharing section (Time-Slicing) information, modulation becomes wireless signal to send again.Wherein many agreements encapsulation MPE (Multi-Protocol Encapsulation) of transmitting terminal, reach an agreement on packaging forward error correction mechanism MPE-FEC and Time-Slicing mechanism will be comprised among the encapsulation of IP package and the crossfire TS more.Its data encapsulation form as shown in Figure 3.
Receive for signal, adopt television broadcast receiver to receive the digital television signal of terrestrial broadcasting and satellite broadcasting.Receiving terminal needs to carry out reverse error-correcting decoding action after receiving signal, obtains and repair the error in data that occurs because of transmission.When decomposing multi-protocol encapsulation (Multi-Protocol Encapsulation, MPE) form, the present invention utilizes hardware mode to realize DVB-H MPE-FEC mechanism for correcting errors, the data that mis repair and reduction send.Adopt the mobile TV receiver of USB 2.0 high-speed interfaces of BroadcomBCM2940.The BCM2940 of Broadcom company is monolithic reception of Mobile Digital TV scheme, is applicable to two kinds of standards of DVB-T and DVB-H, therefore is responsible for the spectrum signal of receiving television broadcasting frequency range with this receiver, gives processor after the parsing and processes.
2.433.05 the perception of～434.79MHz and 902～928MHz ISM band and transmission
The nRF905 monolithic radio frequency transceiving chip that the Norway Nordic VLSI company that selects produces, it can work in three ISM of 433/868/915MHz (industry, science and medical science) frequency range, have a plurality of channels (maximum more than 170), the special occasions of the multichannel work of satisfying the demand especially.Change-over time between the channel is less than 650us.NRF905 is comprised of frequency synthesizer, receiving demodulation device, power amplifier, crystal oscillator and modulator, need not add filter.The ShockBurstTM mode of operation is processed prefix and CRC (CRC) automatically, uses SPI interface and micro-controller communications.Microprocessor is by carrying out frequency spectrum perception and transmission to this chip programming control in its available frequency band.
3.2.400 perception and the transmission of～2.4835GHz ISM band (ZigBee)
Selection work is at the single-chip low-voltage CC2420 of 2.4GHz transceiver.CC2420 be TI-Chipcon company release first meet the radio-frequency (RF) transceiver of 2.4GHz IEEE802.15.4 standard, also be the RF device that first item is applicable to the ZigBee product.It is made with 0.18 μ m CMOS technique based on the SmartRF03 technology of Chipcon company, only needs few external devices, and stable performance and power consumption are extremely low.Utilize the Wireless Telecom Equipment supported data transmission rate of this chip development up to 250kb/s, can realize multi-multipoint quickly networking.Just can control its perception of in corresponding frequency range, carrying out frequency spectrum and send by the driving that in microprocessor, realizes it.
The whole software structure of cognitive nodes mainly is comprised of network protocol stack, standard interface driving, radio-frequency module driving, information processing and the several modules of upper layer application interrelated logic as shown in Figure 2.Wherein network protocol stack is comprised of agreements such as physical layer, media access control layer, network layer, transmission controls.
Physical layer is responsible for finishing Radio Link and can be connected, and guarantees that original data can finish transmission at physical medium; The major function of media Access Layer is to judge currently whether can send data to physical layer, need to add control information to data message if can send, the form stipulated of data and control information sends to physical layer the most at last, the MAC agreement is at first judged the information of input and whether error of transmission is occured when receive data, if there is not mistake, then removes control information and be sent to the upper strata; The major function of network layer is that according to the wireless sensor network topology information that gets access to, the generation routing table is transmitted message according to destination address and local routing table after receiving message, finishes the point-to-point transmitting; Transmission control layer adds necessary header with data message, comprises the control information transmissions such as source address, destination address, sequence of message number, confirmation message sequence number, guarantees end to end transmitting.
Be driver layer on network protocol stack, the corresponding driver module of each interface is finished the operations such as read-write to this interface, so that from corresponding radio-frequency module reading out data.
The information exchange processing layer is responsible for from each standard interface reading out data, and data are carried out format conversion, and the data that a plurality of radio-frequency modules transmit are processed, and afterwards the data upload of handling well is further processed to application layer.
Fig. 4 is that of cognitive nodes uses schematic diagram, it has mainly illustrated the applied environment of the cognitive nodes of this invention, cognitive nodes among the figure can be carried out perception to three frequency ranges in the ambient network by its radio-frequency module and be detected, give microprocessor with the data of perception and process, then be controlled at wherein certain frequency range by microprocessor and carry out work.Two cognitive nodes in environment adjacent also can communicate mutual cooperation and finish perception simultaneously.
Separate statement:
The above only is preferred implementation of the present invention; should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite that does not break away from the principle of the invention; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. be used for the cognitive network node of frequency spectrum detection, its feature comprises following aspect:
1) hardware of cognitive network node is comprised of microprocessor, radio-frequency module, memory, display module and power module, and radio-frequency module, memory, display module link to each other with microprocessor, and power module provides power supply for other modules; Radio-frequency module belongs to the slave of microprocessor, and its signal receives and emission is managed by the microprocessor unification, and itself and microprocessor transmit by SPI; The microprocessor operating part comprises task scheduling, information processing and network protocol stack, the driver of the corresponding radio-frequency module of each driver module, microprocessor is responsible for the task scheduling between radio-frequency module, display module, memory and the power module, radio-frequency module gives microprocessor to carry out information processing the spectrum information that obtains, network protocol stack is responsible for from the first data of each radio-frequency module, and the data after will processing are given microprocessor;
2) radio-frequency module is responsible for the scanning of frequency spectrum resource and is taken available frequency spectrum resource, and it comprises the scanning to three frequency ranges:
2.1) the mandate television broadcast band, the TV channel among 47MHz～910MhzVHF/UHF
2.2) unauthorized ISM band, 433.05MHz～434.79MHz, 902～928MHz
2.3) unauthorized ISM band, 2.400～2.4835GHz, i.e. ZigBee
3) microprocessor is analyzed the information of each band scan on the cognitive network node, and outcome record is got off, and feeds back to the user;
4) for the frequency range that can scan, cognitive network node has the function that takies this frequency range, and can switch in different frequency ranges and channel thereof;
5) cognitive network node has general-purpose interface USB, RS232, can expand to by the miscellaneous equipment that has above-mentioned interface other frequency range.
2. the cognitive network node for frequency spectrum detection as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:
1) is connected by serial synchronous communication agreement (SPI) between microprocessor and the radio-frequency module, to finish exchanges data;
2) radio-frequency module comprises following three parts:
2.1) Broadcom BCM2940 mobile TV receiver is used for the frequency spectrum resource of monitoring TV channel;
2.2) the PTR8000+ radio-frequency module is for the frequency spectrum resource of monitoring unauthorized ISM band, its band limits is 433.05MHz～434.79MHz, 902～928MHz;
2.3) the CC2420 radio-frequency module is for the frequency spectrum resource of monitoring unauthorized ISM band, its band limits is 2.400～2.4835GHz;
3) microprocessor is responsible for radio-frequency module is controlled, periodically to three frequency ranges: authorize television broadcast band 47MHz～910Mhz, unauthorized ISM band 433.05MHz～434.79MHz, 902～928MHz, unauthorized ISM band 2.400～2.4835GHz to scan;
4) driver, the reading and writing data program of hardware interface USB, RS232 in microprocessor, have been realized, so that can carry out immediately the scanning of corresponding frequency spectrum behind the extensive radio frequency equipment access cognitive network node;
5) for the transmission of signal in the television broadcast band, cognitive network node has realized using the transmission system of DVB-H standard transmission IP service;
6) cognitive network node has the function that the spectrum information of each frequency range is shown by the LCD screen in the display module.
3. the cognitive network node for frequency spectrum detection as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that:
1) for three working frequency range: authorize television broadcast band 47MHz～910Mhz, unauthorized ISM band 433.05MHz～434.79MHz, 902～928MHz, unauthorized ISM band 2.400～2.4835GHz to monitor and mainly comprise the following aspects:
1.1) by all channels in three frequency ranges are carried out respectively energy measurement, generate the available channel table of three frequency ranges, comprise the number of available channels of each frequency range, channel estimation and channel are abandoned reason;
1.2) cycle execution in step 1.1, the available channel table is upgraded, until system quits work;
1.3) microprocessor upgrades display module with some cycles, and the information of available channel table is fed back to the user;
2) transmission system for DVB-H transmission IP service mainly comprises following aspect:
2.1) service data of DVB-H is packaged into the IP bag;
2.2) the IP wrapper is packaged among the transmission stream TS, and add simultaneously timesharing section (Time-Slicing) information;
2.3) become wireless signal transmission to go out transmission stream TS modulation.
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| CN103188711A (en) * | 2011-12-31 | 2013-07-03 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Method and terminal of optimizing frequency spectrum resource using |
| CN103905147B (en) * | 2012-12-28 | 2017-03-22 | 联芯科技有限公司 | Data processing method, sending device, receiving device and communication system |
| CN103135533A (en) * | 2013-01-08 | 2013-06-05 | 西安电子科技大学 | Master control devices for remote terminal control system |
| CN105099575B (en) * | 2014-05-22 | 2019-01-18 | 上海东方明珠传输有限公司 | Broadcast television signal real-time perception system and method based on MATLAB GUI |
| CN105578600A (en) * | 2014-10-10 | 2016-05-11 | 电信科学技术研究院 | Method and device used for communication of LTE system on license-free frequency band |
| CN105657492A (en) * | 2015-12-29 | 2016-06-08 | 广州视源电子科技股份有限公司 | Television signal processing method and device and television playing control system |
| CN105915238A (en) * | 2016-06-24 | 2016-08-31 | 中国人民解放军63888部队 | Radio monitoring device |
| EP3622769B1 (en) * | 2017-05-26 | 2022-01-12 | Huawei Technologies Duesseldorf GmbH | Control device and method for licensed assisted access |
| CN107437970B (en) * | 2017-07-22 | 2020-11-17 | 常州工学院 | Virtual simulation system and method based on USRP |
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| CN101459835A (en) * | 2007-12-12 | 2009-06-17 | 上海摩波彼克半导体有限公司 | Method for enhancing cross-layer multimedia transmission quality in cognitive radio network |
| CN101257714B (en) * | 2008-04-08 | 2011-03-09 | 浙江大学 | Across layer self-adapting paralleling channel allocating method of cognized radio system |
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