CN101790189A - Method for positioning mobile station - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of a mobile communication system, in particular to a method for positioning a mobile station of GSM standard in the mobile communication system, which comprises the following steps of A. collecting data in the target city and generating a propagation characteristic table with geographical grids as objects; B. acquiring measurement reports and sorting the measurement reports according to each call; C. combining and processing a plurality of continuous measurement reports in the same call; D. corresponding a base station identity code (BSIC) and a broadcast control channel (BCCH) to a cell ID; E. judging whether the call happens indoors according to the combined measurement report, if yes, the positioning of the mobile station is carried out indoors; if not, the call happens outdoors, and we move on to the next step; and F. comparing the similarity of the characteristic data of the combined measurement report with that of the propagation characteristic table of the geographical grid generated in the step A and finding out the geographical grid of the mobile station, thereby realizing accurate positioning of the mobile station.

Description

A kind of method of mobile position estimation

Technical field

The present invention relates to technical field of mobile communication, particularly a kind of mobile location method of GSM standard in the mobile communication system.

Background technology

In the GSM of mobile communication system standard, its procotol agreement, the travelling carriage that is in call state reports its measurement report with the cycle of 480ms to network side, comprised the residing Serving cell of travelling carriage, Timing Advance and descending received field strength thereof in the measurement report, and the colour coding of maximum 6 adjacent sub-districts, frequency and descending received field strength.These information are basic data source of current all Mobile Location Techniques.

At present, the technology of the mobile position estimation of GSM is mainly based on technology such as signal propagation time, radio wave energy attenuation measurement, triangle relation and computings.

General localization method has the signal angle of arrival (AOA) location, field intensity location and Cell-ID TA location, the precision of these localization methods low (greater than 300m), for spacing (200m to 300m) between the base station that day by day dwindles in the present city, this positioning accuracy even greater than the area of coverage of a lot of base station cells, without any the location meaning.

At this situation, some new localization methods have enhancement mode observed time difference E-OTD, up link is located TOA the time of advent, uplink time-difference of arrival location TDOA and A-GPS, these methods effectively raise positioning accuracy, but they have many restrictive conditions again, E-OTD need carry out agreement transformation and software upgrading to travelling carriage, TOA/TDOA need transform mobile network, A-GPS need increase hardware module and software upgrading location, therefore, these new localization method practicality are relatively poor, and range of application be difficult to promote, and is not suitable for the whole network mobile position estimation of entire city mobile network.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind ofly to the network equipment and mobile station equipment no dependence and can improve the mobile location method of the precision of existing GSM location technology, this mobile location method has practicality.

For solving the problems of the technologies described above, technical scheme of the present invention is:

A kind of method of mobile position estimation is characterized in that: comprise the steps:

The data of A, collection target cities, and generation is the propagation characteristic table of object with geographical grid;

B, collection measurement report sort measurement report by each conversation;

C, some continuous measurements that merge in the same conversation of processing are reported;

D, BCC BSIC and broadcasting frequency BCCH are corresponded to cell number CellID;

E, according to the measurement report after merging, it is indoor to judge whether conversation occurs in, if, then residing indoor be the location of travelling carriage, if not then conversing is to occur in outdoorly, turns to next step;

The similarity of the propagation characteristic table of the geographical grid that F, the characteristic that will merge the back measurement report and steps A generate compares, and finds out the residing geographical grid of travelling carriage, thereby realizes accurate mobile position estimation.

Wherein, the data of the described target cities of steps A comprise target cities network engineering parameter list and target cities three-dimensional map data, and wherein the network engineering parameter comprises cell number CellID, broadcasting frequency BCCH, BCC BSIC; By network engineering parameter list, the three-dimensional map data in commercial wireless simulation software loaded targets city, carry out wireless coverage emulation with the 3-D ray-tracing model, and the wireless coverage simulation result derive is generated with geographical grid is the propagation characteristic table of object.

Step B is described to be that the order of the conversation sign callid of the date TDATE of subchannel sign NSUBCH, signaling message of time-gap number sign NTSN, the signaling message of chain line NTEI, the signaling message of cell number CellID, signaling message by the measurement report place and time T TIME and signaling message is classified successively by each conversation letter sorting with measurement report.That is classify as follows:

1) according to the numbering of the Serving cell in measurement report CellID, measurement report is classified;

2) on the previous step basis, the chain line NTEI according to measurement report place signaling message classifies measurement report again;

3) on the previous step basis, the time-gap number sign NTSN according to measurement report place signaling message classifies measurement report again;

4) on the previous step basis, the subchannel sign NSUBCH according to measurement report place signaling message classifies measurement report again;

5) on the previous step basis, date TDATE and time T TIME according to measurement report place signaling message carry out the time ascending sort with measurement report;

6) on the previous step basis,, be the measurement report that belongs to a conversation with the measurement report merger in its continuous time according to the conversation sign callid of measurement report place signaling message.

That is to say, the measurement report that sorts out a conversation is to discern according to CellID-NTEI-NTSN-NSUBCH-callid in one period continuous time, its basic principle is: a certain moment, a sub-district, on link, on time slot, only can there be a conversation on the subchannel, also just only there is the measurement report of a conversation.

It is that continuous 5-10 measurement report in the conversation merged processing that the described merging of step C is handled.

Step D guarantees correct corresponding relation between the two by adopting following job step,

D1, be the information basis, search BCC BSIC and the respective cell numbering CellID of broadcasting frequency BCCH institute with the adjacent area of Serving cell table;

D2, if the D1 step can not find corresponding CellID, illustrate that then decoding error appears in this BCC BSIC and broadcasting frequency BCCH information, should will should get rid of from measurement report the neighbour sub-district.

Step e judges by the following method,

E1, in the network engineering parameter inquiry measurement report Serving cell CellID whether be microcellulor or Pico cell, if think that then this measurement report occurs in the building of this Serving cell CellID place;

E2, under the invalid situation of E1 step, if the Timing Advance TA in the measurement report is greater than 3, then whether the Serving cell CellID of inquiry measurement report hangs with the repeater down in the network engineering parameter, if think that then this measurement report occurs in this place, repeater building;

E3, under E1 and the invalid situation of E2, conversation be occur in outdoor.

The method of the similarity contrast of the propagation characteristic table of the geographical grid that the characteristic of the described measurement report of step F and steps A generate is as follows,

Measurement report after merging or a geographical grid propagation characteristic are as a vector, in vector, with cell number (comprising Serving cell and adjacent sub-district) as its dimensional space, as the metric in the dimensional space, adopt vectorial calculation of similarity degree method with the incoming level of cell number correspondence:

If two vectorial X=(x ₁, x ₂... x _n), Y=(y ₁, y ₂... y _n), then:

Inner product: $[X,Y]=\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{x}_i*y_i,$

Vector norm (length): $\left|\right|X\left|\right|=\sqrt{[X,X]}=\sqrt{\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{x_i}^2},$

Vector angle: $\mathrm{\θ}=\arccos \frac{[X,Y]}{\left|\right|X\left|\right|\·\left|\right|Y\left|\right|},$

Vector quadrature: θ=90 °,

Calculate the similarity between two vectors:

Length: $\mathrm{\α}=1-\frac{\left|\right|\left|X\right||-|\left|Y\right|\left|\right|}{\left|\right|X\left|\right|},$

Direction:

Vector similarity: γ=α β

The method of this mobile position estimation also comprises step B+ between step B and the step C as required,

B+, revise unusual Timing Advance in the measurement report, the first measurement report that initial access and switching enter is revised.

The present invention with respect to the beneficial effect of prior art is:

The present invention is under the prerequisite that does not increase travelling carriage and mobile network extra demand, various dimensions and multi-level utilization moving table measuring report information, simulation result in conjunction with network engineering parameter and 3-D ray-tracing, distinguish the residing indoor and outdoors of travelling carriage, use vectorial similarity based method, outdoor positioning accuracy is risen in 100 meters.

Mobile location method of the present invention is the effective frequency planning of disposing base station and optimization as the basic method of the network planning and the network optimization of GSM mobile network, and the network tuning hinders with row fast, and more effective, support more accurately is provided.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet of mobile location method of the present invention.

Embodiment

The present invention is further detailed explanation by embodiment below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.

Referring to Fig. 1, the invention provides the mobile location method of a cover to the network equipment and mobile station equipment no dependence.The enforcement of mobile position estimation is a system engineering, has comprised that mobile network inspection, mobile network test, mobile network emulation, data analysis and processing, result generate and use, and its final carrier is a Software tool.

Before implementing mobile position estimation, need the basic geographical grid size of predefine location, be set to 100 meters usually, this is to be complementary with positioning accuracy of the present invention, follow-up concrete implementation step is as follows:

Step S1: the overlay area to target cities generates wireless coverage emulation

Step S1.1: collect accurate target urban network engineering parameter table, cell number CellID, broadcasting frequency BCCH, BCC BSIC, antenna are hung height, antenna azimuth, the horizontal half-power angle of antenna, antenna gain, transmitting power etc. and need be checked in this project parameter list, examine the authenticity of these parameter items;

Step S1.2: prepare accurate and full and accurate target cities three-dimensional map data, this map datum need identify the height and the shape of surface structures, adopts commercial three-dimensional map data, and precision is below 50 meters;

Step S1.3: carry out the test of comprehensive target cities mobile network road surface,, drive to gather the signal data of present mobile network to the main highway section in the target cities;

Step S1.4: adopt ripe commercial wireless simulation software, the network engineering parameter list in loaded targets city, three-dimensional map data, carry out wireless coverage emulation with the 3-D ray-tracing model, import the signal data correcting wireless emulation of coverage capability of gathering on the spot, obtain wireless coverage simulation result more accurately;

Step S2: the propagation characteristic table that the wireless coverage simulation result is mapped to geographical grid

The wireless coverage simulation result generates is that base unit BIN by three-dimensional map is an object, comprises the latitude and longitude information of this geography BIN in the data record of simulation result, and the wireless signal field that should geography BIN receives peripheral cell.As the geographical BIN in the simulation result when being identical, directly the wireless coverage simulation result is derived that to generate with geographical grid be the propagation characteristic table of object with predefined geographical grid; Geographical BIN in simulation result is than geographical grid hour, then the simulation result with a plurality of geographical BIN merges processing, identical a plurality of sub-districts clauses and subclauses average merging, and the sub-district of unique existence is directly listed in, and generating with geographical grid is the propagation characteristic table of object.

Step S3: the data of measurement report are prepared

Step S3.1: by signaling acquisition system, from the Abis interface of GSM mobile network, gather the signaling data that contains measurement report, generate raw data file;

Step S3.2: according to the raw data file form of signaling acquisition system, resolve measurement report wherein, need parse following field information:

Step S4: BCC BSIC and broadcasting frequency BCCH are corresponded to cell number CellID

Adopt following job step to carry out correspondence between the two:

Step S4.1 is the information basis with the adjacent area table of Serving cell, search BCC BSIC and the respective cell numbering CellID of broadcasting frequency BCCH institute, the corresponding relation of BCC BSIC and broadcasting frequency BCCH and CellID one-to-many in the table of adjacent area, can not occur;

Step S4.1 is corresponding if previous step can not find suddenly, illustrates that then decoding error appears in this BCC BSIC and broadcasting frequency BCCH information, should get rid of from measurement report the neighbour sub-district;

The purpose that BCC BSIC and broadcasting frequency BCCH is corresponded to cell number CellID has two: the one, realize the conversion of information type; The 2nd, get rid of unusual adjacent sub-district in the measurement report.

Step S5: measurement report is by the conversation letter sorting, and arrangement chronologically

The measurement report of all conversations that parse all mixes in chronological order, therefrom recovers the measurement report of classifying by conversation and adopts following job step:

Step S5.1:, measurement report is classified according to the numbering of the Serving cell in measurement report CellID;

Step S5.2: on the previous step basis, the chain line NTEI according to measurement report place signaling message classifies measurement report again;

Step S5.3: on the previous step basis, the time-gap number sign NTSN according to measurement report place signaling message classifies measurement report again;

Step S5.4: on the previous step basis, the subchannel sign NSUBCH according to measurement report place signaling message classifies measurement report again;

Step S5.5: on the previous step basis, date TDATE and time T TIME according to measurement report place signaling message carry out the time ascending sort with measurement report;

Step S5.6: on the previous step basis,, be the measurement report that belongs to a conversation with the measurement report merger in its continuous time according to the conversation sign callid of measurement report place signaling message.

That is to say, the measurement report that sorts out a conversation is to discern according to CellID-NTEI-NTSN-NSUBCH-callid in one period continuous time, its basic principle is: a certain moment, a sub-district, on link, on time slot, only can there be a conversation on the subchannel, also just only there is the measurement report of a conversation.

The purpose of letter sorting conversation measurement report is the merging processing of follow-up measurement report.

Step S6: revise the abnormal data in the measurement report

Conversation is when initially access or switching enter new sub-district, the Timing Advance TA value of first measurement report can be estimated is " 0 " value or " null " value, in order to revise this deviation, need give first measurement report with the Timing Advance TA value assignment of follow-up measurement report.

Step S7: merge many continuous measurement reports of handling in the same conversation

Merge processing for continuous 5-10 measurement report in the conversation, why select 5-10, be to consider that the translational speed of calling user is slower in the city, in 10 measurement report durations is 4.8s, if the space rate that the user is 36 kilometers/hour, to move 48 meters, even 72 kilometers/hour space rate, 96 meters have been moved only, this all is in 100 meters scopes of selected geographical grid, if geographical grid dwindles or user moving speed is faster, then the merging of 10 measurement reports can be changed into the merging of 5 measurement reports.The job step of 10 measurement report merging is as follows:

Step S7.1: the Timing Advance TA of 10 measurement reports is averaged merging;

Step S7.2: the incoming level of the Serving cell of 10 measurement reports is averaged merging;

Step S7.3: the incoming level of the identical adjacent sub-district of 10 measurement reports is averaged merging;

Step S7.4: the different information of adjacent cells of 10 measurement reports are write measurement report after the merging;

By the way, 10 measurement reports are merged into 1 measurement report, the measurement report after the merging has 0-60 (extreme case) adjacent sub-district, is 6-10 adjacent sub-district under the normal condition.

The purpose that merges measurement report has three: the one, and measurement report under the wireless status of a stable equalization of acquisition; The 2nd, the influence of reduction abnormal data; The 3rd, obtain more position reference amount.Thereby raising positioning accuracy.

Step S8: judge that conversation occurs in indoor or outdoors

The identification measurement report occurs in indoor needs step by the following method:

Step S8.1: whether the Serving cell CellID of inquiry measurement report is microcellulor or Pico cell in the network engineering parameter, if think that then this measurement report occurs in the building of this Serving cell CellID place;

Step S8.2: under the rapid invalid situation of previous step, if the Timing Advance TA in the measurement report is greater than 3, then whether the Serving cell CellID of inquiry measurement report hangs with the repeater down in the network engineering parameter, if think that then this measurement report occurs in this place, repeater building;

Step S8.3: under last invalid situation of two steps, then need the similarity of the propagation characteristic table of measurement report and geographical grid is compared, find and satisfy the geographical grid that similarity requires, and the mould of judging the similarity contrast compares thresholding, satisfy mould than threshold requirement, think that then this measurement report occurs in the building of this geography grid.

It is in order to improve positioning accuracy that the identification measurement report occurs in indoor and outdoors, because travelling carriage is when indoor, the characteristic quantity of its measurement report can be twisted, thereby will cause the deviation of mobile position estimation bigger.

Step S9: the propagation characteristic table of measurement report and geographical grid carries out the similarity comparison

Measurement report after merging or a geographical grid propagation characteristic are as a vector, in vector, with cell number (comprising Serving cell and adjacent sub-district) as its dimensional space, as the metric in the dimensional space, adopt vectorial calculation of similarity degree method with the incoming level of cell number correspondence:

If two vectorial X=(x ₁, x ₂... x _n), Y=(y ₁, y ₂... y _n), then:

A. inner product: $[X,Y]=\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{x}_i*y_i$

B. vector norm (length): $\left|\right|X\left|\right|=\sqrt{[X,X]}=\sqrt{\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{x_i}^2}$

C. vector angle: $\mathrm{\θ}=\arccos \frac{[X,Y]}{\left|\right|X\left|\right|\·\left|\right|Y\left|\right|}$

D. vectorial quadrature: θ=90 °

Calculate the similarity between two vectors:

1, length: $\mathrm{\α}=1-\frac{\left|\right|\left|X\right||-|\left|Y\right|\left|\right|}{\left|\right|X\left|\right|},$

2, direction:

3, vectorial similarity: γ=α β

Owing to relate to the calculating of big vector, by means of support vector machine technology (SVM).

Claims (8)

1. the method for a mobile position estimation is characterized in that: comprise the steps:

The data of A, collection target cities, and generation is the propagation characteristic table of object with geographical grid;

B, collection measurement report sort measurement report by each conversation;

C, some continuous measurements that merge in the same conversation of processing are reported;

D, BCC BSIC and broadcasting frequency BCCH are corresponded to cell number CellID;

E, according to the measurement report after merging, it is indoor to judge whether conversation occurs in, if, then residing indoor be the location of travelling carriage, if not then conversing is to occur in outdoorly, turns to next step;

The similarity of the propagation characteristic table of the geographical grid that F, the characteristic that will merge the back measurement report and steps A generate compares, and finds out the residing geographical grid of travelling carriage, thereby realizes accurate mobile position estimation.

2. the method for mobile position estimation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the data of the described target cities of steps A comprise target cities network engineering parameter list and target cities three-dimensional map data, and wherein the network engineering parameter comprises cell number CellID, broadcasting frequency BCCH, BCC BSIC; By network engineering parameter list, the three-dimensional map data in commercial wireless simulation software loaded targets city, carry out wireless coverage emulation with the 3-D ray-tracing model, and the wireless coverage simulation result derive is generated with geographical grid is the propagation characteristic table of object.

3. the method for mobile position estimation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: step B is described to be that the order of the conversation sign callid of the date TDATE of subchannel sign NSUBCH, signaling message of time-gap number sign NTSN, the signaling message of chain line NTEI, the signaling message of cell number CellID, signaling message by the measurement report place and time T TIME and signaling message is classified successively by each conversation letter sorting with measurement report.

4. the method for mobile position estimation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: it is that continuous 5-10 measurement report in the conversation merged processing that the described merging of step C is handled.

5. the method for mobile position estimation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: step D guarantees correct corresponding relation between the two by adopting following job step,

D1, be the information basis, search BCC BSIC and the respective cell numbering CellID of broadcasting frequency BCCH institute with the adjacent area of Serving cell table;

D2, if the D1 step can not find corresponding CellID, then should the neighbour sub-district reject measurement report.

6. the method for mobile position estimation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: step e judges by the following method,

E1, in the network engineering parameter inquiry measurement report Serving cell CellID whether be microcellulor or Pico cell, if think that then this measurement report occurs in the building of this Serving cell CellID place;

E2, under the invalid situation of E1 step, if the Timing Advance TA in the measurement report is greater than 3, then whether the Serving cell CellID of inquiry measurement report hangs with the repeater down in the network engineering parameter, if think that then this measurement report occurs in this place, repeater building;

E3, under E1 and the invalid situation of E2, conversation be occur in outdoor.

7. the method for mobile position estimation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the method for the similarity contrast of the propagation characteristic table of the geographical grid that the characteristic of the described measurement report of step F and steps A generate is as follows,

Measurement report after merging or a geographical grid propagation characteristic are as a vector, in vector, with cell number (comprising Serving cell and adjacent sub-district) as its dimensional space, as the metric in the dimensional space, adopt vectorial calculation of similarity degree method with the incoming level of cell number correspondence:

If two vectorial X=(x ₁, x ₂... x _n), Y=(y ₁, y ₂... y _n), then:

Inner product: $[X,Y]=\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{x}_i*y_i,$

Vector norm (length): $\left|\right|X\left|\right|=\sqrt{[X,X]}=\sqrt{\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{x_i}^2},$

Vector angle: $\mathrm{\θ}=\arccos \frac{[X,Y]}{\left|\right|X\left|\right|\·\left|\right|Y\left|\right|},$

Vector quadrature: θ=90 °,

Calculate the similarity between two vectors:

Length: $\mathrm{\α}=1-\frac{\left|\right|\left|X\right||-|\left|Y\right|\left|\right|}{\left|\right|X\left|\right|},$

Direction:

Vector similarity: γ=α β.

8. according to the method for each described mobile position estimation of claim 1 to 7, it is characterized in that: also comprise step B+ between step B and the step C,

B+, revise unusual Timing Advance in the measurement report, the first measurement report that initial access and switching enter is revised.

Images