CN101783515B - Submerged arc furnace secondary reactive compensation control system and method - Google Patents
Submerged arc furnace secondary reactive compensation control system and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of reactive compensation of smelting submerged arc furnace and provides a submerged arc furnace secondary reactive compensation control system and a submerged arc furnace secondary reactive compensation control method. The method and the device are characterized in that: the submerged arc furnace secondary reactive compensation control system comprises a main control computer, a display, input equipment, two conversion interfaces, two intelligent power transducers, a primary side voltage transformer, a primary side current transformer, a secondary side voltage transformer, a secondary side current transformer, a programmable controller, a temperature transmitter, a compensating device, an alarm device, a standard transmission interface and a power supply system; and the switching control method comprises sixteen steps to fulfill the aims of improving power factors, improving actual output rate of a transformer of the submerged arc furnace, reducing the energy consumption, reducing the three-phase imbalance degree, increasing the output, improving automation and enhancing a human-computer interaction function.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of reactive compensation of a submerged arc furnace for smelting, realizes three-phase unequal quantity circulating switching of a submerged arc furnace secondary reactive compensation device and monitoring of the running state of the submerged arc furnace, and is a submerged arc furnace secondary reactive compensation control system and a submerged arc furnace secondary reactive compensation control method.
Background
The electric system of the submerged arc furnace mainly comprises a high-voltage power supply network, an electric furnace transformer, a compensator, a short network, a water cooling system, an electrode system, a hearth and a control system, the load characteristics of the submerged arc furnace are between the resistance and the sensitivity, and the natural power factor of the submerged arc furnace is difficult to reach over 0.85 due to the structure and the working characteristics of the low-voltage large-current short network and the water cooling system, so that reactive compensation needs to be carried out on a power supply line to improve the power factor to be over 0.90 specified by the state so as to achieve the purpose of balancing the reactive power of the power grid. At present, power supply departments and iron alloy enterprises select high-voltage compensation more, the compensation mode is to connect a capacitor to a three-phase bus on a high-voltage primary side in parallel, the investment is small, but the compensation mode cannot adapt to load change in the production process of a furnace, the overcompensation or undercompensation phenomenon can occur, meanwhile, the effect of energy conservation and yield increase cannot be achieved, and the control methods are manual control. The secondary reactive compensation can make a large amount of reactive current directly flow through a loop formed by a special low-voltage capacitor and an electric arc without passing through a short network, a transformer and a power supply network in front of a compensation point, so that the power factor is improved, the output of the transformer is improved, and the loss is reduced. At present, a secondary reactive compensation control system of the submerged arc furnace is mostly controlled by a power factor controller or a PLC, the quantity of collected data is small, the control precision is not high, the control mode is single, and the phenomenon of overcompensation or undercompensation sometimes occurs, so that the best compensation effect cannot be achieved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a secondary reactive power compensation control system and a secondary reactive power compensation control method for a submerged arc furnace, which can complete specified tasks in a complex environment and ensure the optimal comprehensive performance of the system, so as to achieve the purposes of improving the power factor, increasing the effective output rate of a submerged arc furnace transformer, reducing the loss, reducing the three-phase unbalance, increasing the yield, improving the automation degree and enhancing the human-computer interaction function.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical solution of the invention is as follows: design hot stove secondary reactive compensation control system in ore deposit, characterized by: the intelligent power supply system comprises a main control computer, a display, input equipment, two conversion interfaces, two intelligent power transmitters, a primary side voltage transformer, a primary side current transformer, a secondary side voltage transformer, a secondary side current transformer, a programmable controller, a temperature transmitter, a compensation device, an alarm device, a transmission standard interface and a power supply system; wherein,
the main control computer is electrically connected with a display and input equipment, is electrically connected with the transmission standard interface through two conversion interfaces, and is respectively connected with the intelligent power transmitter and the programmable controller through the transmission standard interface;
one port of one of the two intelligent power transmitters is electrically connected through a transmission standard interface, and the other port of the one intelligent power transmitter is electrically connected with a primary side voltage transformer and a primary side current transformer respectively; one port of the other of the two intelligent power transmitters is electrically connected through a transmission standard interface, and the other ports are respectively electrically connected with a secondary side voltage transformer and a secondary side current transformer;
the PLC is connected with the compensation device C, the alarm device AL and the temperature transmitter T respectively and is responsible for controlling switching of the compensation device C, receiving and sending of alarm signals and receiving and executing of temperature protection signals;
the primary side voltage transformer and the primary side current transformer, the secondary side voltage transformer and the secondary side current transformer, and the voltage transformer and the current transformer are respectively connected with the power transmitter and used for providing primary and secondary low-voltage side data of the submerged arc furnace transformer for the main control computer, and the main control computer processes, analyzes, judges and stores the data and reconstructs a control command to control the corresponding compensation device.
The main control computer processes, analyzes, judges and stores the data and reconstructs a control command to control corresponding compensation, and the method comprises the following steps:
1) after the user runs the main program, the system first calls the initialization sub program (S101).
2) And then judging whether the primary side voltage of the transformer of the submerged arc furnace is normal or not (S102).
3) If the primary side voltage of the transformer of the submerged arc furnace is normal, judging whether the primary side current of the transformer of the submerged arc furnace is normal (S103); otherwise, the capacitor is cut off and an alarm is given (S106).
4) If the primary side current of the transformer of the submerged arc furnace is normal, judging whether the secondary side voltage of the transformer of the submerged arc furnace is normal (S104); otherwise, the capacitor is cut off and an alarm is given (S106).
5) If the secondary side voltage of the transformer of the submerged arc furnace is normal, judging whether the secondary side short net and the capacitor of the transformer of the submerged arc furnace are normal or not (S105); otherwise, the capacitor is cut off and an alarm is given (S106).
6) If the secondary side short net and the capacitor of the transformer of the submerged arc furnace have normal temperatures, judging whether the transformer of the submerged arc furnace automatically operates (S108); otherwise, the capacitor is cut off and an alarm is given (S106).
7) Then, the capacitor is cut off and an alarm is given (S106), and whether the alarm returns to normal or not is judged (S107).
8) The above-mentioned judged result (S107), if the alarm of the system is not reset, resume to the above-mentioned step (S102); if the system alarm is reset, execution continues (S108).
9) And (S108) if the system performs automatic control, calling a switching subprogram (S109), and otherwise, ending.
The switching control method comprises the following steps:
1) after entering the switching subroutine, it is first determined whether the vehicle is suddenly stopped (S201).
2) The judgment result (S201) is returned if the vehicle is suddenly stopped; otherwise, it is determined whether the power factor is low (S202).
3) If the power factor is low, the above determination result (S202) determines whether or not the phase with the low power factor is fully charged (S203).
4) The above-mentioned judged result (S203), if already cast full, return; otherwise, whether the invested time delay is reached is judged (S204).
5) If the input delay is not reached, returning the judgment result (S204); otherwise, the capacitor is switched in again (S205).
6) Then, the process returns to the above step (S203).
7) Next, the above determination result is obtained (S202), and if the power factor is not low, it is determined whether the power factor is high (S206).
8) If the power factor is high, the above determination result (S206) determines whether or not the phase with the high power factor has been removed (S207).
9) The judgment result (S207) is returned if the cutting is finished; if the excision is not completed, it is determined whether the excision delay has been reached (S208).
10) If the judgment result (S208) is not reached, returning; if the cut delay has been reached, the capacitor is cut off a second time (S209).
11) Then, the above step is resumed (S207).
12) Next, if the power factor is not high, it is determined whether the active power is balanced (S210).
13) The above judgment result (S210), if balanced, return; if not, it is determined whether a phase with the minimum active power is fully charged (S211).
14) The above-mentioned judged result (S211), if have already thrown and full, return; if not, otherwise, judging whether the input delay is reached (S212).
15) If the input delay is not reached, returning the judgment result (S212); otherwise, the capacitor is switched in again (S213).
16) Then, the above step is resumed (S210).
The invention has the following characteristics and effects:
1. two intelligent power transmitters P1 and P2 are adopted to respectively acquire the electrical parameters of the primary side and the secondary short network of the transformer of the submerged arc furnace in real time, so that the information is comprehensive and the parameters are complete, and hardware guarantee is provided for the main control computer PC to implement accurate control.
2. The main control computer PC has strong functions and is responsible for completing tasks such as data processing and storage, algorithm implementation, control output and the like, multi-thread task processing is realized by adopting a high-level programming language, and software guarantee is provided for the parallel and coordinated work of each module system.
3. The RS485 bus is adopted to connect each control module, so that data and information sharing during the working of the whole control system is guaranteed, and a convenient way is provided for adding a new control module.
4. The control system uses a main control computer PC as an upper computer, a programmable logic controller PLC as a lower computer, the upper computer PC sends a command to the lower computer PLC, so that the PLC performs decentralized control, and the PLC is monitored by the upper computer, so that the automatic monitoring of the factory production process can be conveniently realized.
5. The display D provides a graphical interactive interface, the input equipment KM provides interactive operation between an operator H and the control system, and simultaneously brings people into the closed-loop control system to be responsible for issuing control commands, monitoring the working state of the submerged arc furnace and processing abnormal conditions of the system.
Drawings
The embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a secondary reactive power compensation system of a submerged arc furnace according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a main program of a secondary reactive power compensation system of the submerged arc furnace according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a flow chart of the switching subroutine of fig. 2.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, the control system includes, in addition to the power supply system PS, a main control computer PC, a display D, an input device KM (keyboard, mouse), two conversion interfaces RS1 and RS2, two intelligent power transmitters P1 and P2, a primary side voltage transformer V1, a primary side current transformer a1, a secondary side voltage transformer V2, a secondary side current transformer a2, a programmable controller PLC, a temperature transmitter T, a compensation device C, an alarm device AL, and an asynchronous transmission standard interface RS 232. The main control computer PC is electrically connected with a display D and an input device KM (keyboard and mouse), is electrically connected with an RS485 or RS232 transmission standard interface through two conversion interfaces RS1 and RS2, and is respectively connected with intelligent power transmitters P1 and P2 and a programmable controller PLC through the RS485 or RS232 transmission standard interface; one port of the intelligent power transmitter P1 is electrically connected through a transmission standard interface, and the other port of the intelligent power transmitter P1 is electrically connected with a primary side voltage transformer V1 and a primary side current transformer A1 respectively; one port of the intelligent power transmitter P2 is electrically connected through a transmission standard interface, and the other ports are respectively and electrically connected with a secondary side voltage transformer V2 and a secondary side current transformer A2; the PLC is connected with the compensation device C, the alarm device AL and the temperature transmitter T respectively and is responsible for controlling switching of the compensation device C, receiving and sending of alarm signals and receiving and executing of temperature protection signals; and the primary side voltage transformer, the primary side current transformer, the secondary side voltage transformer, the secondary side current transformer, the voltage transformer and the current transformer are respectively connected with the power transmitter.
1) The main control computer PC is a core part for ensuring the performance of the control system and is responsible for tasks such as real-time detection, numerical calculation, information processing, algorithm realization, process control and the like. Meanwhile, data acquisition of the two intelligent power transmitters P1 and P2 is controlled through RS232 interfaces, the compensation device C is controlled through the PLC, and signal sending and alarm control of the alarm device A are achieved.
2) The display D is connected with the main control computer PC, is an interactive interface of an operator H and a control system, and is responsible for the work of parameter setting, data display, compensation device and power transmitter working state display, switching capacity indication and the like.
3) The input equipment KM is connected with a main control computer PC, is an interaction means of an operator H and a control system, and is responsible for the work of parameter input, picture positioning, system operation, manual switching and the like.
4) And voltage transformers V1 and V2 which are respectively connected with the power transmitters P1 and P2 are responsible for detecting primary side and secondary side voltage signals and outputting the signals to the power transmitters P1 and P2.
5) The current transformers A1 and A2 are respectively connected with the power transmitters P1 and P2, are responsible for detecting primary side and secondary side current signals and output signals to the power transmitters P1 and P2.
6) And the power transmitters P1 and P2 are responsible for data acquisition, processing and storage of the voltage transformers V1 and V2 and the current transformers A1 and A2, and send the data to a main control computer PC through conversion interfaces RS1 and RS 2.
7) The conversion interfaces RS1 and RS2 are respectively responsible for the communication between the power transmitters P1 and P2 and the PLC and the main control computer PC, realize the conversion from single-ended RS-232 signals to balanced differential RS-422 or RS-485 signals, provide 2500V isolation voltage, effectively inhibit surge, lightning strike and common ground interference, and ensure the reliable and stable communication.
8) The PLC is connected with the compensation device C, the alarm device AL and the temperature transmitter T respectively and is responsible for controlling switching of the compensation device C, receiving and sending of alarm signals and receiving and executing of temperature protection signals.
9) And the compensation device C is connected with the programmable logic controller PLC, is a body controlled by the control system and is responsible for the input and the removal of the compensation device so as to improve the power factor and adjust the three-phase unbalance.
10) And the alarm device AL is connected with the programmable logic controller PLC and is responsible for sending out an alarm signal when the system fails.
11) The temperature transmitter T is connected with the programmable logic controller PLC and is responsible for collecting and judging temperature signals and providing temperature protection signals for the programmable logic controller PLC.
12) The RS232 is a physical channel for connecting the conversion interfaces RS1 and RS2 and the main control computer PC, and ensures the data and information sharing when the control system works.
It is assumed that the compensation device C performs switching operation tasks during operation.
First, the compensation system and the device C operate in an automatic manner, and the main control computer PC integrates the alarm signals from the temperature transmitter T and the alarm device AL of the programmable controller PLC and the electrical signals and information from the power transmitters P1 and P2 to perform analysis processing and initialization operations.
The main control computer processes, analyzes, judges, stores and reconstructs a control command to control the corresponding compensation device, as shown in fig. 2, and the method comprises the following steps:
1) after the user runs the main program, the system first calls the initialization sub program (S101).
2) And then judging whether the primary side voltage of the transformer of the submerged arc furnace is normal or not (S102).
3) If the primary side voltage of the transformer of the submerged arc furnace is normal, judging whether the primary side current of the transformer of the submerged arc furnace is normal (S103); otherwise, the capacitor is cut off and an alarm is given (S106).
4) If the primary side current of the transformer of the submerged arc furnace is normal, judging whether the secondary side voltage of the transformer of the submerged arc furnace is normal (S104); otherwise, the capacitor is cut off and an alarm is given (S106).
5) If the secondary side voltage of the transformer of the submerged arc furnace is normal, judging whether the secondary side short net and the capacitor of the transformer of the submerged arc furnace are normal or not (S105); otherwise, the capacitor is cut off and an alarm is given (S106).
6) If the secondary side short net and the capacitor of the transformer of the submerged arc furnace have normal temperatures, judging whether the transformer of the submerged arc furnace automatically operates (S108); otherwise, the capacitor is cut off and an alarm is given (S106).
7) Then, the capacitor is cut off and an alarm is given (S106), and whether the alarm returns to normal or not is judged (S107).
8) The above-mentioned judged result (S107), if the alarm of the system is not reset, resume to the above-mentioned step (S102); if the system alarm is reset, execution continues (S108).
9) And (S108) if the system performs automatic control, calling a switching subprogram (S109), and otherwise, ending.
The switching control method is shown in fig. 3: the method comprises the following steps:
1) after entering the switching subroutine, it is first determined whether the vehicle is suddenly stopped (S201).
2) The judgment result (S201) is returned if the vehicle is suddenly stopped; otherwise, it is determined whether the power factor is low (S202).
3) If the power factor is low, the above determination result (S202) determines whether or not the phase with the low power factor is fully charged (S203).
4) The above-mentioned judged result (S203), if already cast full, return; otherwise, whether the invested time delay is reached is judged (S204).
5) If the input delay is not reached, returning the judgment result (S204); otherwise, the capacitor is switched in again (S205).
6) Then, the process returns to the above step (S203).
7) Next, the above determination result is obtained (S202), and if the power factor is not low, it is determined whether the power factor is high (S206).
8) If the power factor is high, the above determination result (S206) determines whether or not the phase with the high power factor has been removed (S207).
9) The judgment result (S207) is returned if the cutting is finished; if the excision is not completed, it is determined whether the excision delay has been reached (S208).
10) If the judgment result (S208) is not reached, returning; if the cut delay has been reached, the capacitor is cut off a second time (S209).
11) Then, the above step is resumed (S207).
12) Next, if the power factor is not high, it is determined whether the active power is balanced (S210).
13) The above judgment result (S210), if balanced, return; if not, it is determined whether a phase with the minimum active power is fully charged (S211).
14) The above-mentioned judged result (S211), if have already thrown and full, return; if not, otherwise, judging whether the input delay is reached (S212).
15) If the input delay is not reached, returning the judgment result (S212); otherwise, the capacitor is switched in again (S213).
16) Then, the above step is resumed (S210).
Claims (1)
1. Hot stove secondary reactive compensation control system in ore deposit, characterized by: the intelligent power transmission system comprises a main control computer, a display, input equipment, two conversion interfaces, two intelligent power transmitters, a primary side voltage transformer, a primary side current transformer, a secondary side voltage transformer, a secondary side current transformer, a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC), a temperature transmitter T, a compensation device C, an alarm device AL, a transmission standard interface and a power supply system; wherein,
the main control computer is electrically connected with a display and input equipment, is electrically connected with the transmission standard interface through two conversion interfaces, and is respectively connected with the intelligent power transmitter and the programmable controller through the transmission standard interface;
one port of one of the two intelligent power transmitters is electrically connected with the transmission standard interface, and the other port of the one intelligent power transmitter is electrically connected with the primary side voltage transformer and the primary side current transformer respectively; one port of the other of the two intelligent power transmitters is electrically connected with the transmission standard interface, and the other ports are respectively electrically connected with a secondary side voltage transformer and a secondary side current transformer;
the Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) is respectively connected with the compensation device C, the alarm device AL and the temperature transmitter T and is responsible for controlling switching of the compensation device C, receiving and sending of alarm signals and receiving and executing of temperature protection signals;
the primary side voltage transformer and the primary side current transformer as well as the secondary side voltage transformer and the secondary side current transformer are respectively connected with the power transmitter and are used for providing primary side and secondary side data of the transformer of the submerged arc furnace for the main control computer, and the main control computer processes, analyzes, judges and stores the data and reconstructs a control command to control the corresponding compensation device;
the main control computer processes, analyzes, judges and stores the data and reconstructs a control command to control the corresponding compensation device, and the method comprises the following steps:
1) after the user runs the main program, the system firstly calls an initialization subprogram;
2) then judging whether the primary side voltage of the transformer of the submerged arc furnace is normal or not;
3) if the primary side voltage of the transformer of the submerged arc furnace is normal, judging whether the primary side current of the transformer of the submerged arc furnace is normal; otherwise, cutting off the capacitor and alarming;
4) in the judgment result of the primary side current in the step 3), if the primary side current of the transformer of the submerged arc furnace is normal, judging whether the secondary side voltage of the transformer of the submerged arc furnace is normal; otherwise, cutting off the capacitor and alarming;
5) in the secondary side voltage judgment result in the step 4), if the secondary side voltage of the transformer of the submerged arc furnace is normal, judging whether the secondary side short net and the capacitor of the transformer of the submerged arc furnace are normal; otherwise, cutting off the capacitor and alarming;
6) in the judgment results of the temperatures of the secondary side short net and the capacitor of the submerged arc furnace transformer in the step 5), if the temperatures of the secondary side short net and the capacitor of the submerged arc furnace transformer are normal, judging whether the submerged arc furnace transformer automatically operates; otherwise, cutting off the capacitor and alarming;
7) if the capacitor is cut off and an alarm is given, judging whether the alarm is recovered to be normal or not;
8) if the system alarm in the step 7) is not reset, recovering to the step 2) for judging whether the primary side voltage of the transformer of the submerged arc furnace is normal; if the system alarm is reset, continuously executing the judgment of step 6) to judge whether the system is automatically operated;
9) in the judgment result of judging whether the system automatically operates in the step 6) or the step 8), if the system automatically operates, the switching subprogram is called and then the operation is finished, otherwise, the operation is directly finished;
the control method for switching the compensation device comprises the following steps:
a. after entering a switching subprogram, firstly judging whether the vehicle is suddenly stopped;
b. in the judgment result in the step a, if the vehicle is suddenly stopped, returning; otherwise, judging whether the power factor is low;
c. in the judgment result of the power factor in the step b, if the power factor is low, whether the phase with the low power factor is full is judged;
d. c, in the judgment result of whether the phase with the low power factor is fully charged or not in the step c, if the phase is fully charged, returning; otherwise, judging whether the input delay is reached;
e. in the judgment result of the input delay in the step d, if the input delay is not reached, returning; otherwise, putting the capacitors in sequence;
f. then, the phase which is judged to be low in the step c is recovered to be full;
g. if the power factor is not low, judging whether the power factor is high;
h. in the judgment result of whether the power factor is high in the step g, if the power factor is high, judging whether the phase with high power factor is completely cut off;
i. in the judgment result of whether the phase with high power factor is cut off or not in the step h, if the phase is cut off, returning; if the excision is not finished, judging whether the excision delay is reached;
j. in the judgment result of the excision delay in the step i, if the excision delay is not reached, returning; if the cutting delay is reached, cutting off the capacitors in sequence;
k. then, the phase with high power factor is judged to be cut off or not in the step h;
l, judging whether the power factor is high or not in the step g, and if the power factor is not high, judging whether the active power is balanced or not;
m, in the judgment result of the active power in the step l, if the active power is balanced, returning; if the phases are not balanced, judging whether the minimum phase of the active power is fully charged;
n, in the judgment result of whether the active power minimum phase in the step m is fully charged, if the active power minimum phase is fully charged, returning; if the time delay is not up, judging whether the input time delay is up;
o, in the judgment result of the input delay in the step n, if the input delay is not reached, returning; otherwise, putting the capacitors in sequence;
and p, then, recovering to the step I for judging whether the active power is balanced.
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| CN101800430B (en) * | 2010-05-06 | 2012-08-22 | 西安科技大学 | High and low pressure combined reactive compensation control system for submerged arc furnace |
| CN103529265B (en) * | 2013-09-29 | 2016-01-13 | 中南大学 | A kind of ore furnace secondary side Electric Power Measurement System and method |
| CN106124826B (en) * | 2016-06-17 | 2019-01-04 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of mineral hot furnace working of a furnace digital management system, control method and its monitoring device |
| CN107991997B (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2020-11-24 | 郑州中南杰特超硬材料有限公司 | Full-digital heating control system of cubic apparatus press |
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| CN1375903A (en) * | 2002-04-26 | 2002-10-23 | 白玉龙 | Secondary low-voltage compensator for electric furnace |
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