CN101781856A - One-bath union dyeing method for nylon/cotton fabrics by medium-temperature active dye through temperature control - Google Patents
One-bath union dyeing method for nylon/cotton fabrics by medium-temperature active dye through temperature control Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a one-bath union dyeing method for nylon/cotton fabrics by medium-temperature active dye through temperature control, and belongs to the technical field of printing and dyeing. The method comprises the following steps: adding water by weight of the nylon/cotton fabrics to be dyed and in the bath ratio of 20 to 1; adding melted medium-temperature active dye, 1ml/l acetic acid and two fifths of 40-60g/l sodium sulfate into the water after the fabrics are added and run for minutes; heating the fabrics according to the concentration of the dye; adding the rest three fifths of the sodium sulfate into the mixture, and preserving the heat to run for 30 minutes; adding 25g/l sodium carbonate, and preserving the heat to run for 40 minutes; and dewatering and washing the fabrics after the temperature is reduced to 60 DEG C. In the invention, the technology for dyeing active dyes of different concentrations by adopting different temperatures is provided for the first time. The method solves the problem that the dyeing improving capability, namely the promoting performance, of nylon components is not as good as that of cotton because of the increase of the dye concentration.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to warm type temperature active dye control method one bath homochromatism colouring method in a kind of silk-cotton fabric, belong to the printing dye technical field.
Background technology
Silk-cotton fabric had both had the good moisture permeability of cotton fiber and had also comprised advantages such as polyamide fibre favorable elasticity, high-wearing feature, was widely used in all kinds of clothing fabrics, liked by consumers in general.But owing to polyamide fibre, cotton fiber have different structures, different dyeabilities, dyeing brings chromatography difficulty, the long problem of technological process to enterprise often.
At present, most enterprises adopt neutrality/activity, faintly acid/active two bath methods to dye, and this process has chromatography and is easy to advantage, but also have the shortcoming that REACTIVE DYES is infected with polyamide fibre, technological process is long, energy resource consumption is big, discharge of wastewater is many.Polyamide fibre is a polyamide fiber, and its molecule mainly is made up of three parts: the amide groups bridge of promptly hydrophobic methylene moiety, possess hydrophilic property and the amino and the carboxyl of the end of the chain.REACTIVE DYES is dyed on can be with polyamide fibre amino effect fixation.Because amino content is less, adopt REACTIVE DYES that polyamide fibre is dyeed, generally believe to have the low characteristics of tinctorial yield.But through a large number of experiments show that, REACTIVE DYES is reasonably screened, dye effect on the middle dark color and still can reach.Therefore, adopt REACTIVE DYES that silk-cotton fabric is carried out single bath process homochromatism Study on dyeing and have feasibility, and technological process is short, washing fastness good because it has, application prospect is comparatively wide.
At present, adopt REACTIVE DYES that the cotton bi-component fabric of brocade is carried out one when bathing homochromatism dyeing, need to solve the subject matter of following two aspects: be to make REACTIVE DYES the dyeing capacity to polyamide fibre, cotton bi-component is close respectively on the one hand, obtain homochromatism preferably; Make the utilization rate of REACTIVE DYES reach higher level on the other hand, promptly make two component Dry Sacks all reach higher level as far as possible.But owing to polyamide fibre, cotton knot structure difference, REACTIVE DYES is presented different dyeabilities, various technological factors differ to dying influence degree on polyamide fibre, the cotton bi-component, the problem that the homochromatism effect is undesirable, process conditions are regulated and control difficulty occurs through regular meeting.So the regulation and control of process conditions become the key problem in technology of homochromatism dyeing.Documents and materials once reported,, but often attended to one thing and lose sight of another reaching the homochromatism effect by the regulation and control of dye bath pH value, and resultant effect is relatively poor.
Summary of the invention
Bathe the existing problem of homochromatism colouring method at above-mentioned silk-cotton fabric REACTIVE DYES one, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of temperature of utilizing and regulate and control the homochromatism colouring method, proposed the REACTIVE DYES for variable concentrations first, warm type temperature active dye control method one is bathed the homochromatism colouring method in a kind of silk-cotton fabric of employing different temperatures dyeing.
The technical scheme that the present invention takes is as follows, warm type temperature active dye control method one is bathed the homochromatism colouring method in a kind of silk-cotton fabric, may further comprise the steps: add water by the silk-cotton fabric weight of required dyeing and 20: 1 bath raio, drop into to drop into successively after the fabric running minute and changed the good middle warm type REACTIVE DYES of material, acetic acid 1ml/l, sodium sulphate 40-60g/l adds 2/5 earlier, heat up according to dye strength then, add remaining 3/5 sodium sulphate again, insulation operation 30 minutes, add sodium carbonate 25g/l then, insulation operation 40 minutes, draining flushing after being cooled to 60 ℃, adding water to bath raio then is 1: 20, adds soaping agent 2g/l, when being heated to 95 ℃, washing 15min, washing is asked in the cooling draining again, cold wash, oven dry.
The present invention selects pairing temperature according to different dyes concentration, then selects 70 ℃ when being 1% (owf) as dye strength for good, specifically as shown in table 1.The present invention is through going deep into systematic research, be intended to grasp the influence rule of its technological factor to dying on polyamide fibre, the cotton bi-component, and on this basis, provide a kind of temperature of utilizing to regulate and control the homochromatism colouring method, proposed REACTIVE DYES first, adopted the technology of different temperatures dyeing for variable concentrations.By promoting dyeing temperature, improve the dyeing capacity of polyamide fibre component, solved the polyamide fibre component and increased this difficult point that its Dry Sack raising ability is the too late cotton of enhancing with dye strength, again by using a certain amount of electrolyte, make cotton component under the fixed temperature, dye the level that reaches higher, thereby reached desirable comprehensive Color.
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a process route chart of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is polyamide fibre under the different dyes concentration, the enhancing of cotton-padded clothes dyestuff one-bath dyeing and the comparison diagram of homochromatism.
Fig. 3 is that the K/S value of reactive dyeing under the different carriers emulsion concentration changes comparison diagram.
The specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, warm type temperature active dye control method one is bathed the homochromatism colouring method in the silk-cotton fabric of the present invention, and may further comprise the steps: fabric dyes on acid bath, the alkaline bath fixation.By the silk-cotton fabric weight of required dyeing and 20: 1 bath raio, inject a certain amount of water as calculated, drop into successively behind the input fabric running 5min and changed the good middle warm type REACTIVE DYES x% (owf) of material, acetic acid 1ml/l, 2/5 sodium sulphate consumption (40-60g/l), be warming up to then that temperature required (it is described to press table 1, different dyes concentration is selected pairing temperature, then select 70 ℃ when being 1% (owf) for good) as dye strength, add remaining 3/5 sodium sulphate again, insulation operation 30 minutes, add sodium carbonate 25g/l then, insulation operation 40 minutes, be cooled to 60 ℃ after the draining flushing, water filling then; bath raio is 1: 20 adds soaping agent 2g/l, when being heated to 95 ℃; washing 15min, and washing is asked in the cooling draining again; cold wash; oven dry.
Below just the different technical parameters of the above-mentioned processing step of the present invention select and effect is done to describe respectively.
1, temperature controlling: temperature controlling and dye strength relation are as shown in table 1.
Table 1: temperature controlling and dye strength relation table
| Dye strength (o.w.f, %) | Dyeing temperature (℃) |
| ??≤0.5 | ??60-65 |
| ??0.5-1.0 | ??65-70 |
| ??1.0-1.5 | ??70-75 |
| ??1.5-2.0 | ??75-80 |
| ??2.0-3.0 | ??80-85 |
| ??≥3.0 | ??85-90 |
2, dye selection: red, the active BES Huang of active BES, active BES are bright red, reactive brilliant red M-3B, reactive brilliant red M-7B, reactive dark blue M-2R
3, dyeing prescription:
REACTIVE DYES (middle warm type) 0＜x≤4% (o.w.f)
Sodium sulphate 40-60g/l
Sodium carbonate 25g/l
Glacial acetic acid 1ml/l
Bath raio 20: 1
The technology preparation of soaping:
Soaping agent 2g/l
Bath raio 20: 1
Experimental result and analysis:
1, positive quadraturing design test result
Various factors adopts orthogonal design method to the influence of polyamide fibre, COTTON FABRIC colouring during for system research REACTIVE DYES one-bath process, and (50: 50 mass ratio inputs, the COTTON FABRIC specification is: bleaching cotton poplin, 40 to the cotton biased sample of brocade
s* 40
s, 132 * 72,120g/m
2Polyamide fibre 6 fabric specifications: 70D/24F, grammes per square metre is 130g/m
2) press dyeing temperature segmentation research from low to high, dyestuff is that active BES is red, concentration is 2% (owf); bath raio is 20: 1; the dyeing heating curve is as noted above, and dyeing back is adopted with Datacolor SF-600 and surveyed the color matching instrument, under D65 light source and 10 ° of visual angles; with the CIELab system DYED FABRICS is measured, obtained the apparent color depth value K/S value and the aberration Δ E of polyamide fibre, COTTON FABRIC respectively.For same fabric and same dyestuff, the K/S value is big more, and its apparent colour is dense more, on dye many more, otherwise then light more, on dye few.The size of aberration Δ E is weighed the homochromatism between fabric polyamide fibre and the cotton component, and aberration is more little, and homochromatism is good more, otherwise then poor more.The results are shown in Table 2, table 3, table 4.
Table 2, positive quadraturing design test ()
Table 3, positive quadraturing design test (two)
Table 4, positive quadraturing design test (three)
1.1 electrolytical influence
Find that from above-mentioned three table data electrolyte is very remarkable to dying influence on the COTTON FABRIC, along with the rising of electrolyte concentration, the K/S value of COTTON FABRIC obviously increases progressively.And for nylon fabric, its Dry Sack of electrolyte adding the reduction.Analyze its reason, mainly be when dying under the acid condition, polyamide fibre has adsorbed the hydrogen proton and has shown electropositive, anion-active dye relies on the electrostatic attraction of positive and negative charge to be adsorbed on the nylon fibre, after electrolyte adds, electrolyte ionization goes out the anionic acid radical ion and REACTIVE DYES is competed to dye, and plays to delay and dye effect, has reduced the absorption of REACTIVE DYES on nylon fibre.
1.2 the influence of last dye bath pH value
Test data shows no matter dye under what temperature, and along with the increase of acidity in the last dye bath, the tinctorial yield of nylon fabric obviously rises, and dyeing temperature is high more, and the amplitude of increase is big more.As and if adding ammonium sulfate is little to dying influence on the polyamide fibre.
Dye on the acid condition, can increase the absorption of polyamide fibre REACTIVE DYES, and along with the rising of dyeing temperature, the molecule segment of amorphous region motion aggravation in the nylon fibre, the hydrogen proton improves the accessibility of nylon fibre, and adsorbance also increases thereupon, thereby increases the absorption to REACTIVE DYES.Therefore, when high-temp dyeing, acid seems more remarkable to the influence of dying on the polyamide fibre.
Find from data, compare with dying on neutrality is bathed, dye on adopting in the weak acidic medium, the alkaline fixation in back, to REACTIVE DYES not quite in the last Dry Sack influence of COTTON FABRIC.
Therefore, adopt REACTIVE DYES to polyamide fibre, when cotton bi-component fabric carries out co-bathing dyeing, should adopt on the slightly acidic bath and dye, the technology of alkaline bath fixation is dyed polyamide fibre on obtaining preferably, and the while does not influence the Dry Sack of cotton.
1.3 the influence of soda ash
Soda ash adds, and provides fixation required alkali condition.Data are found from table, and the concentration of soda ash is increased to 20g/l from 15g/l, and the K/S value of COTTON FABRIC increases to some extent, but the amplitude that increases is little, is respectively 0.32,0.04 and 0.07.When 20g/l increased to 25g/l, the K/S value increased comparatively obvious, is respectively: 0.96,1.41 and 0.79.
For nylon fabric, when the concentration of soda ash is increased to 20g/l from 15g/l, its K/S value all has bigger decline; The back is along with concentration further increases, and during to 25g/l, its K/S value increases again to some extent, the value when having surpassed 15g/l.Higher temperature is dyeing down, and situation is different, and when the soda ash consumption increased to 25g/l, the K/S value did not almost change.
From the above-mentioned phenomenon of theory analysis, on dye the back soda ash adding, the fixation of polyamide fibre is existed the effect of two aspects: on the one hand, after adding, soda ash make dye bath show alkalescence, make polyamide fibre electronegative, cause the desorb of REACTIVE DYES, reduced the chance that REACTIVE DYES and polyamide fibre further react fixation, thereby reduced degree of fixation; On the other hand, the increase of soda ash consumption has increased the alkalescence of dye bath, helps improving respond amino on the polyamide fiber, thereby has increased the fixation of REACTIVE DYES on polyamide fiber.When the soda ash consumption when 15g/l increases to 20g/l, the former effect is comparatively obvious, so the phenomenon of K/S value reduction occurred; When the soda ash consumption further increases, latter's effect seems comparatively outstanding, so the increase to some extent again of K/S value.
1.4 the influence of dyeing temperature
Along with on dye color fixing temperature rising, for COTTON FABRIC, the phenomenon that increases appears earlier in the K/S value, after 60 ℃, begins again to fall after rise.For nylon fabric, be in rising trend all the time, but after 85 ℃, the amplitude of increase is little.
Analyze from the REACTIVE DYES reaction mechanism, active BES is red to be warm type REACTIVE DYES in belonging to, and its optimum dyeing temperature is at 60-70 ℃.Temperature is too low, the reaction speed deficiency, and fixation is not ideal enough; Temperature is too high, again because of hydrolysis rate increases, causes degree of fixation to descend.
But for polyamide fibre, polyamide fiber belongs to thermoplastic fibre, and along with the increase of dyeing temperature, the absorption of dye molecule and the accessibility of fixation reaction increase, and the tinctorial yield that helps REACTIVE DYES improves.And the dye molecule molecular volume is big more, and Temperature Influence can be big more.
In sum, with two kinds of fibers of polyamide fibre during at the REACTIVE DYES co-bathing dyeing, the affiliation that adds of salt impels and dyes on the cotton fiber on the REACTIVE DYES when cotton; And the lifting of acid increase or temperature, can help REACTIVE DYES dyes on the polyamide fibre component; Comparatively speaking, it is smaller that the influence of soda ash slightly seems, when the soda ash consumption reaches certain when high, all helps the dyeing of two components.
Therefore, need rationally control these process conditions such as salt, pH value and dyeing temperature well, should reach homochromatism preferably, polyamide fibre and cotton are all painted preferably.
2, single-factor changes test
In order to seek best homochromatism dyeing condition, need be on the basis of above-mentioned positive quadraturing design test, temperature, these two key factors of salt are carried out single-factor change test, experimental condition adopt on the faintly acid dye, alkaline fixation, promptly add the 1ml/l glacial acetic acid earlier, on dye and add soda ash 25g/l behind the certain hour and carry out fixation, heating process curve, the technology of soaping are described identical with 1.4, dye strength is 2% (o.w.f), respectively under 70,75,80 and 85 ℃ of these four temperature, carry out the change in concentration of salt, colour examining obtains the listed result of table 5 respectively.
The coloration result table of comparisons of the change in concentration of salt under table 5, the different temperatures
No matter data dye under what temperature as can be seen from table 5, and the adding of salt all makes the Dry Sack of polyamide fibre component decrease, and then the consumption along with salt increases, and the color and luster of polyamide fibre changes little.For cotton component, then the consumption along with salt increases, and apparent color and luster is obvious ascendant trend, but after reaching 50g/l, changes little.
When dyeing temperature was 70 ℃, REACTIVE DYES was not high to dying on the polyamide fibre, and the colouring of cotton is obvious increase with the consumption increase of salt.Had only when not adding salt, just show homochromatism preferably, but the REACTIVE DYES overall utilization was not high this moment, the colouring of two components is all lighter.
When dyeing temperature was 85 ℃, the polyamide fibre colouring was preponderated, and Dry Sack is darker, and for cotton component, even under the consumption condition with higher of salt, Dry Sack is still lower, and not as good as the polyamide fibre component, homochromatism is relatively poor.
75 ℃ down during dyeing, no matter the consumption of sodium sulphate is many or few, and the distribution of REACTIVE DYES on polyamide fibre, cotton two kinds of components is comparatively even.Special homochromatism is better when the consumption of sodium sulphate is 10g/l, 20g/l, and two component Dry Sacks are also higher, and its K/S value is all greater than 10.
When dyeing under 80 ℃, the polyamide fibre colouring is obviously denseer, and its K/S value majority has surpassed 15.Along with the consumption of salt increases, the colouring of cotton component also increases thereupon, and homochromatism improves thereupon, when the sodium sulphate consumption is 50g/l, and two component aberration minimums, homochromatism is best, and cotton, polyamide fibre two component Dry Sacks are denseer at this moment, its K/S value is respectively 11.35,15.67.
So, take all factors into consideration from the homochromatism and the tinctorial yield of polyamide fibre, cotton two components, when dye strength is 2%, be optimal selection with 80 ℃, sodium sulphate 60g/l.
3, enhancing is to the influence of homochromatism
Along with dye strength increases, dye increase degree difference on polyamide fibre, cotton two components, so can influence the homochromatism effect.Adopt the optimum condition of above-mentioned acquisition, change dye strength, observe its coloration result, see polyamide fibre, the enhancing of cotton-padded clothes dyestuff one-bath dyeing and the comparison diagram of homochromatism under the different dyes concentration of Fig. 2.Can find that from Fig. 2 along with dye strength increases, COTTON FABRIC K/S value obviously increases, after 3%, relax to some extent that ascendant trend is still comparatively obvious though its increasing degree becomes.And for the polyamide fibre component, the K/S value is totally in rising trend, but increasing degree is little, is lower than cotton hoisting power.When dye strength was 2%, the dyeing of polyamide fibre, cotton was comparatively suitable just, and homochromatism behaves oneself best.Along with dye strength increases, to dye on the polyamide fibre not as good as cotton, value of chromatism also increases thereupon, and the homochromatism effect decreases.When dye strength is 1% (o.w.f), under this temperature polyamide fibre on dye and surmounted cotton last people and dye, so that homochromatism also shows is relatively poor.
This shows, because polyamide fibre, cotton two kinds of materials show the enhancing difference, its apparent colour that dyes can not be the trend of synchronous increase along with the dye strength increase, so, for different dye strengths, reaching best homochromatism is different with the process conditions of last chromatic effect.
From above-mentioned research as can be known, temperature is the key factor of decision polyamide fibre colouring height.So, can be controlled to adjust with dyeing temperature according to the height of dye strength, the dyeing capacity of polyamide fibre and COTTON FABRIC are complementary.
When adopting low dye strength, when promptly product needed is dyed light color, be adapted at dyeing under the lower temperature, in order to avoid the colouring of polyamide fibre surmounts COTTON FABRIC; When adopting high dye strength to dye, when promptly product needed is dyed heavy colour, need under higher temperature, dye,, remedy polyamide fibre enhancing poorer performance to improve the dyeing capacity of polyamide fibre component.After selecting suitable temperature, can make polyamide fibre, cotton two components reach homochromatism preferably by the consumption of regulating salt again.
Generally speaking, under given dye strength, adopt higher electrolyte consumption, high dyeing temperature as far as possible, make polyamide fibre, cotton two components on dye the level that all reaches higher, can obtain better homochromatism again thereby can make the utilization rate of REACTIVE DYES reach higher.As described in 3.2, dye strength for 2% (owf), under the identical situation of other process conditions, 75 ℃, 10g/l or 20g/l sodium sulphate consumption and 80 ℃, 50g/l or 60g/l sodium sulphate consumption all can make polyamide fibre, cotton reach homochromatism preferably, but the latter's dyeing condition can make the Dry Sack of polyamide fibre, cotton two components reach higher level respectively, so be good with latter's condition.
According to above-mentioned rule, variable concentrations is selected the dyeing of different temperatures, and regulate the consumption of salt, obtain the following technology of optimizing, see Table 6:
Table 6, silk-cotton fabric REACTIVE DYES one are bathed homochromatism dyeing and are optimized technology
| Dye strength (owf) | Dyeing temperature (℃) | Sodium sulphate (g/l) | Cotton K/S value | Polyamide fibre K/S value | Aberration CMC Δ E |
| ??1 | ??70 | ??50 | ??7.38 | ??8.48 | ??0.96 |
| ??1.5 | ??75 | ??60 | ??9.33 | ??12.02 | ??1.03 |
| ??2 | ??80 | ??60 | ??11.40 | ??15.79 | ??1.34 |
| ??3 | ??85 | ??60 | ??15.88 | ??17.93 | ??1.80 |
Annotate: 1. other process conditions: acetic acid is that 1ml/l, sodium carbonate are that 25g/l, bath raio are 20: 1.
2. cotton has been made into woven fabric, knitted fabric respectively with polyamide fibre when testing, and with 50: 50 mass ratio inputs, because the fabric tissue difference is different to the reflection of light meeting, the relative meeting of value of chromatism was bigger than normal during dyeing.
As can be seen from the above table, along with dye strength increases, polyamide fibre, cotton apparent color depth are worth in rising trend, and aberration Δ E remains less level, has reached desirable dyeing resultant effect.
Claims (7)
1. warm type temperature active dye control method one is bathed the homochromatism colouring method in the silk-cotton fabric, may further comprise the steps: add water by the silk-cotton fabric weight of required dyeing and 20: 1 bath raio, drop into to drop into successively after the fabric running minute and changed the good middle warm type REACTIVE DYES of material, acetic acid 1ml/l, sodium sulphate 40-60g/l adds 2/5 earlier, heat up according to dye strength then, add remaining 3/5 sodium sulphate again, insulation operation 30 minutes, add sodium carbonate 25g/l then, insulation operation 40 minutes, draining flushing after being cooled to 60 ℃, adding water to bath raio then is 1: 20, add soaping agent 2g/l, when being heated to 95 ℃, washing 15min, washing is asked in the cooling draining again, cold wash, oven dry.
2. warm type temperature active dye control method one is bathed the homochromatism colouring method in a kind of silk-cotton fabric according to claim 1, and it is characterized in that: dye strength is 0.5% o'clock, and dyeing temperature is 65 ℃.
3. warm type temperature active dye control method one is bathed the homochromatism colouring method in a kind of silk-cotton fabric according to claim 1, and it is characterized in that: dye strength is 1% o'clock, and dyeing temperature is 70 ℃.
4. warm type temperature active dye control method one is bathed the homochromatism colouring method in a kind of silk-cotton fabric according to claim 1, and it is characterized in that: dye strength is 1.5% o'clock, and dyeing temperature is 75 ℃.
5. warm type temperature active dye control method one is bathed the homochromatism colouring method in a kind of silk-cotton fabric according to claim 1, and it is characterized in that: dye strength is 2% o'clock, and dyeing temperature is 80 ℃.
6. warm type temperature active dye control method one is bathed the homochromatism colouring method in a kind of silk-cotton fabric according to claim 1, and it is characterized in that: dye strength is 3% o'clock, and dyeing temperature is 85 ℃.
7. warm type temperature active dye control method one is bathed the homochromatism colouring method in a kind of silk-cotton fabric according to claim 1, and it is characterized in that: dye strength is 4% o'clock, and dyeing temperature is 90 ℃.
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| CN104790226A (en) * | 2015-03-30 | 2015-07-22 | 浙江劲光化工有限公司 | Anti-staining dyeing method of polyamide-cotton fabric |
| CN107869077A (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2018-04-03 | 江苏明源纺织有限公司 | A kind of manufacture craft of polyester-cotton blend yarn-dyed fabric |
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| CN109183448B (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2020-12-01 | 绍兴文理学院 | Dyeing process of nylon-cotton fabric |
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