CN101774741A - Recycling treatment method of oil-bearing sludge - Google Patents
Recycling treatment method of oil-bearing sludge Download PDFInfo
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- CN101774741A CN101774741A CN201010034075A CN201010034075A CN101774741A CN 101774741 A CN101774741 A CN 101774741A CN 201010034075 A CN201010034075 A CN 201010034075A CN 201010034075 A CN201010034075 A CN 201010034075A CN 101774741 A CN101774741 A CN 101774741A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/40—Valorisation of by-products of wastewater, sewage or sludge processing
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Abstract
The invention discloses a treatment method of oil-bearing sludge. The method comprises the following steps of: firstly, carrying out thermal desorption treatment on the oil-bearing sludge to obtain an oil component in the oil-bearing sludge; and then, carrying out catalytic pyrolysis on the oil component, carrying out oil-gas-water separation after condensing the precipitated gas, and collecting recovered oil and combustible gas. The two-stage treatment method for carrying out the thermal desorption and the catalytic pyrolysis on the oil-bearing sludge, which is provided by the invention, can effectively separate oil and sand, also obtains the recovered oil with high added value, generates the combustible gas, can realize recycle at the inside of a system and has high total recycling utilization level and good process economy. Compared with other treatment techniques, the technique has the advantages of high recovery rate of oil resources, good economy, strong adaptability and small secondary pollution and is a recycling treatment technique of the oil-bearing sludge, which can realize the recycle of resources and energy resources simultaneously and is worth popularizing.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the solid waste process field, be specifically related to recycling treatment method of oil-bearing sludge.
Background technology
China is as maximum in the world developing country and oil production big country, and working condition, Pollution control technology are backward relatively.A large amount of oily sludges have been produced Oil extraction, defeated the reaching in the refining process of collection.According to estimates, China produces nearly 3,000,000 tons of oily sludge per year, and the oily sludge of only grand celebration, triumph, the annual output of the Liaohe River three elephants just reaches more than 2,000,000 tons.And the most of oil fields of China have all entered high moisture, high oil recovery rate, high recovery percent of reserves " three height " stage in period, and along with the increase of water injection rate, the oily sludge growing amount also increases thereupon.
Oily sludge also contains a certain amount of crude oil except that containing silt particle and water, the existence of this part crude oil not only makes greasy filth have environmental hazard, is classified as Hazardous wastes; And make greasy filth have the potentiality of recycling.But oily sludge has that to form fluctuation big, and heavy components content is higher in the oil content, makes this part oil separating reclaim very difficulty.
The thermal desorption technology is as a kind of heat treatment technics, have recyclable resource, adaptability strong, handle thoroughly, the little characteristics of secondary pollution.When it is applied to oily sludge and handles, can realize separating of oil content and silt particle.But the processing cost of thermal desorption is higher, and the oil content that obtains is based on heavy component, and quality is lower, and the economy that has caused the oily sludge thermal desorption to handle thus is relatively poor.
Therefore, a kind of not only economy of exploitation but also can reclaim the process for treating oil-containing sludge that obtains high-quality oil content and have important economy and social effect.
Summary of the invention
Oil that exists at present process for treating oil-containing sludge and silt particle inferior separating effect, the problem that the refiltered oil quality is low the invention provides a kind of convenience, energy-conservation, efficient, economic process for treating oil-containing sludge.
Process for treating oil-containing sludge provided by the present invention comprises the steps: that earlier oily sludge being carried out thermal desorption under oxygen free condition handles, and obtains the oil content in the described oily sludge; Then described oil content is carried out catalyse pyrolysis under oxygen free condition, the gas of separating out carries out oil, gas, water sepn after condensation, collects oil and gas.
Wherein, the temperature that described thermal desorption is handled can be 500 ℃~550 ℃, and the treatment time can be 30min~45min.The temperature of described catalyse pyrolysis can be 450~550 ℃, and the time can be 1s~10s.
When described oil content was carried out catalyse pyrolysis, the catalyzer of use can be siliceous and material aluminium.In order further to reduce the oily sludge processing cost, can select solid waste such as flyash, the slag etc. of generation silicon-aluminum containing big, that obtain easily, as the catalyzer of above-mentioned catalyse pyrolysis.
With aforesaid method oily sludge is handled, be rich in CH in the gas that obtains
4With H
2, calorific value is higher, can be used as the fuel of heat supply of thermal desorption and catalyse pyrolysis, is system's heat supply by the burning release of heat, realizes the internal recycling utilization of system capacity; The refiltered oil that obtains (resource utilization product) can be used as the oil fuel product of high value and sells.
The concrete steps that the present invention handles oily sludge are as follows:
(1) oily sludge thermal desorption: oily sludge carries out thermal desorption, the solid product of generation at anaerobic, 500 ℃~550 ℃ 30min~45min of the following residence time of condition---and solid residue is discharged system.
(2) oil content catalyse pyrolysis: the oil content that steams is carried out catalyse pyrolysis, and pyrolytical condition is: 450 ℃~550 ℃ of anaerobic, temperature, catalyzer are a kind of solid waste based on silicoaluminate, and reaction contact time is 1s~10s.
(3) condensation and oily water separation: the gas that catalyse pyrolysis produces obtains pyrolysis liquid and combustible gas after condensation.Pyrolysis liquid is oil-water mixture, obtains the higher refiltered oil of quality after oily water separation.Contain a spot of water-soluble mineral oil in the isolated water, enter sewage work and handle.
(4) combustible gas utilization and gas cleaning: the combustible gas calorific value height that catalyse pyrolysis produces, can be used as the thermal source of thermal desorption and catalyse pyrolysis, enter atmosphere after the gas cleaning processing that combustible gas burning back produces.
Through this technology, the oily sludge thermal desorption is effectively separating oil and silt particle not only, realizes the innoxious of greasy filth processing; And catalyse pyrolysis produces combustible gas and realizes utilizing in internal system again, obtains the refiltered oil of high added value simultaneously, and aggregate resourceization is utilized the level height, and process economy is good.
Compared with prior art, the present invention's method of handling oily sludge has following beneficial effect:
(1) oily sludge method provided by the present invention is carried out thermal desorption to greasy filth earlier, again the oil content that steams is carried out catalyse pyrolysis, both guarantee effectively the separating of oil and silt particle in the greasy filth, can obtain costly refiltered oil again, realized resource utilization, the innoxious and minimizing of oily sludge;
(2) method of the present invention has obviously promoted the quality of refiltered oil, has improved the economy of handling;
(3) treatment process of the present invention as system's fuel of heat supply, has realized that save energy is recycled in the inside of system capacity with product-combustible gas;
(4) after the inventive method was handled, the oil content in the oily sludge was removed through thermal desorption, and bottoms product reaches the harmless treatment requirement;
(5) this treatment process is to carry out SO under oxygen free condition
x, NO
xLow with HCl pollutent generation, the lifting capacity that follow-up flue gas is handled is low, causes that the possibility of secondary pollution is little, belongs to environmentally friendly technology.
To sum up, the present invention adopts thermal desorption and the treatment process of catalyse pyrolysis two-stage to oily sludge, not only brought into play thermal desorption handle recyclable resource, adaptability strong, handle advantage completely, and solved reclaim the oil content quality low, be worth low problem, thereby reduced oily sludge treatment process cost, improved the economy of handling.This method is a kind ofly can realize resource and energy recovery utilization, the oily sludge resource treatment technique that is worthy to be popularized simultaneously.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the process flow sheet of recycling treatment method of oil-bearing sludge provided by the invention.
Embodiment
The present invention carries out thermal desorption and catalyse pyrolysis two-stage treatment process to oily sludge, be raw material earlier through thermal desorption, the oil content that steams is carried out catalyse pyrolysis again, obtains high-quality refiltered oil, innoxious, resource utilization that realizes simultaneously that oily sludge handles and minimizing.The processing unit that the inventive method adopts can be divided into four unit: thermal desorption unit, catalyse pyrolysis unit, condensation and oily water separation unit, combustible gas utilization and gas cleaning unit.Each unitary technological process is respectively described below:
(1) thermal desorption unit: the oily sludge through natural mummification enters pyrolysis oven, at anaerobic, 500 ℃~550 ℃ 30min~45min of the following residence time of temperature condition.In this process, the oil content generation thermal desorption reaction in the greasy filth is evaporated from silt particle, stays clean silt particle.Spend when low when reaction temperature, can not reach the boiling point of heavy component in the oil content, oil content is removed not exclusively; When temperature is too high, can reduce the output of final refiltered oil.In addition, the time reacts and carries out not exclusively when too short; Overlong time then can cause unnecessary waste.
(2) catalyse pyrolysis unit: the oil content that steams enters the catalyse pyrolysis device, at oxygen-free environment, and 450 ℃~550 ℃ of temperature, residence time 1s~10s carries out catalyse pyrolysis under a kind of effect of the solid waste based on silicoaluminate.When temperature of reaction was lower than 450 ℃, katalysis was not obvious; Be higher than at 550 o'clock, the carbon residue amount that oil content generates increases, and reduces the output of refiltered oil.
The catalyzer that adopts in this process, this is applied to the processing of oily sludge as a kind of generation solid waste big, that obtain easily, has embodied the theory of " treatment of wastes with processes of wastes against one another ".Under the effect of this catalyzer, heavy component in the oil content is converted into the higher light ends of value, and the resource utilization that has improved refiltered oil is worth, and this catalyzer also has the shortening reaction times simultaneously, reduce the effect of temperature of reaction, further improved the economy of this technology.
(3) condensation and oily water separation unit: the gas of being separated out by the catalyse pyrolysis unit obtains phlegma and pyrolysis gas after condensation.Except that containing refiltered oil, also contain a spot of water in the phlegma,, obtain final resource utilization product refiltered oil through oily water separation removal moisture wherein.Contain a certain amount of water-soluble oils in the isolated water, need enter Sewage treatment systems and handle
(4) pyrolysis gas utilizes and the gas cleaning unit: the pyrolysis gas that obtains after condensation, be rich in CH
4With H
2, calorific value is higher, can be used as the fuel of heat supply of thermal desorption and catalyse pyrolysis, is system's heat supply by the burning release of heat, realizes the internal recycling utilization of system capacity.
This oily sludge thermal desorption and catalyse pyrolysis two-stage treatment process be separating oil and silt particle effectively, and the refiltered oil of high added value produces combustible gas and realizes utilizing in internal system again simultaneously, and aggregate resourceization is utilized the level height, and process economy is good.Compare with other treatment technology, this technology has oily resource recovery height, good economy performance, adaptability is strong, secondary pollution is little advantage, is a kind ofly can realize resource and energy recovery utilization, the oily sludge resource treatment technique that is worthy to be popularized simultaneously.
Below by specific embodiment method of the present invention is described, but the present invention is not limited thereto.Experimental technique described in the following embodiment if no special instructions, is ordinary method; Described reagent and material if no special instructions, all can obtain from commercial channels.
Embodiment 1, processing oily sludge
Choose the oily sludge in certain oil field, silt particle wherein, oil and moisture mass ratio are: 79.69: 18.61: 1.70.
Oily sludge carries out thermal desorption 500 ℃ of temperature under the condition of residence time 45min; The pyrolysis gas of separating out enters the catalyse pyrolysis device, and 450 ℃ of temperature, residence time 10s is that catalyzer carries out catalyse pyrolysis with flyash, and the gas of separating out obtains pyrolysis liquid and combustible gas after condensation; Pyrolysis liquid obtains refiltered oil through oily water separation; Pyrolysis gas is as fuel, and burning provides energy for greasy filth thermal desorption and catalyse pyrolysis.Reaction result, 1 ton of above-mentioned oily sludge of every processing can produce the solid residue of 0.13 ton of refiltered oil, 0.02 ton of combustible gas and 0.85 ton, and the minimizing rate is 15%; The ratio of gasoline, diesel oil and heavy oil component is 35: 35: 30 in the refiltered oil.And the refiltered oil output that is only obtained by the thermal desorption treatment process is 0.1 ton, and gasoline, diesel oil and mink cell focus ratio are 15: 28: 57 in the refiltered oil.As seen, refiltered oil output greasy filth per ton has increased by 0.03 ton, and gasoline and diesel component increase substantially, and the resource utilization of corresponding refiltered oil is worth and also enlarges markedly.Meanwhile, the pyrolysis gas that is obtained by thermal desorption and catalyse pyrolysis technology meets the specification of quality of Sweet natural gas, and the net heat that burning produces is enough to satisfy the needs for thermal desorption and catalyse pyrolysis, and system can realize from heat supply, does not need additionally to add fuel.
Embodiment 2, processing oily sludge
Choose the oily sludge in certain oil field, silt particle wherein, oil and moisture mass ratio are: 79.69: 18.61: 1.70.
Oily sludge carries out thermal desorption 550 ℃ of temperature under the condition of residence time 30min; The pyrolysis gas of separating out enters the catalyse pyrolysis device, and 500 ℃ of temperature, residence time 5s is that catalyzer carries out catalyse pyrolysis with flyash, and the gas of separating out obtains pyrolysis liquid and combustible gas after condensation; Pyrolysis liquid obtains refiltered oil through oily water separation; Pyrolysis gas is as fuel, and burning provides energy for greasy filth thermal desorption and catalyse pyrolysis.Reaction result, 1 ton of above-mentioned oily sludge of every processing can produce the solid residue of 0.14 ton of refiltered oil, 0.032 ton of combustible gas and 0.811 ton, and the minimizing rate is 18.9%; The ratio of gasoline, diesel oil and heavy oil component is 40: 35: 25 in the refiltered oil.And the refiltered oil output that is only obtained by the thermal desorption treatment process is 0.12 ton, and gasoline, diesel oil and mink cell focus ratio are 20: 25: 55 in the refiltered oil.As seen, refiltered oil output greasy filth per ton has increased by 0.02 ton, and gasoline and diesel component increase substantially, and the resource utilization of corresponding refiltered oil is worth and also enlarges markedly.Meanwhile, the pyrolysis gas that is obtained by thermal desorption and catalyse pyrolysis technology meets the specification of quality of Sweet natural gas, and the net heat that burning produces is enough to satisfy the needs for thermal desorption and catalyse pyrolysis, and system can realize from heat supply, does not need additionally to add fuel.
Embodiment 3, processing oily sludge
Choose the oily sludge in certain oil field, silt particle wherein, oil and moisture mass ratio are: 79.69: 18.61: 1.70.
Oily sludge carries out thermal desorption 550 ℃ of temperature under the condition of residence time 30min; The pyrolysis gas of separating out enters the catalyse pyrolysis device, and 550 ℃ of temperature, residence time 2s is that catalyzer carries out catalyse pyrolysis with flyash, and the gas of separating out obtains pyrolysis liquid and combustible gas after condensation; Pyrolysis liquid obtains refiltered oil through oily water separation; Pyrolysis gas is as fuel, and burning provides energy for greasy filth thermal desorption and catalyse pyrolysis.Reaction result, 1 ton of above-mentioned oily sludge of every processing can produce the solid residue of 0.14 ton of refiltered oil, 0.03 ton of combustible gas and 0.83 ton, and the minimizing rate is 17%; The ratio of gasoline, diesel oil and heavy oil component is 39: 36: 25 in the refiltered oil.And the refiltered oil output that is only obtained by the thermal desorption treatment process is 0.12 ton, and gasoline, diesel oil and mink cell focus ratio are 20: 25: 55 in the refiltered oil.As seen, refiltered oil output greasy filth per ton has increased by 0.02 ton, and gasoline and diesel component increase substantially, and the resource utilization of corresponding refiltered oil is worth and also enlarges markedly.Meanwhile, the pyrolysis gas that is obtained by thermal desorption and catalyse pyrolysis technology meets the specification of quality of Sweet natural gas, and the net heat that burning produces is enough to satisfy the needs for thermal desorption and catalyse pyrolysis, and system can realize from heat supply, does not need additionally to add fuel.
Claims (6)
1. a process for treating oil-containing sludge comprises the steps: that earlier oily sludge being carried out thermal desorption under oxygen free condition handles, and obtains the oil content in the described oily sludge; Then described oil content is carried out catalyse pyrolysis under oxygen free condition, the gas of separating out carries out oil, gas, water sepn after condensation, collects oil and gas.
2. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the temperature that described thermal desorption is handled is 500 ℃~550 ℃, and the treatment time is 30min~45min.
3. method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: the temperature of described catalyse pyrolysis is 450~550 ℃, and the time is 1s~10s.
4. according to arbitrary described method among the claim 1-3, it is characterized in that: the catalyzer that described oil content is carried out using in the catalyse pyrolysis is siliceous and material aluminium.
5. method according to claim 4 is characterized in that: described catalyzer is flyash or cinder.
6. according to arbitrary described described method among the claim 1-5, it is characterized in that: described gas provides heat by burning for system as the fuel of thermal desorption and catalyse pyrolysis.
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