CN101774651B - Method for preparing reagent cobalt chloride hexahydrate - Google Patents
Method for preparing reagent cobalt chloride hexahydrate Download PDFInfo
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- CN101774651B CN101774651B CN2010100194600A CN201010019460A CN101774651B CN 101774651 B CN101774651 B CN 101774651B CN 2010100194600 A CN2010100194600 A CN 2010100194600A CN 201010019460 A CN201010019460 A CN 201010019460A CN 101774651 B CN101774651 B CN 101774651B
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for preparing a reagent cobalt chloride hexahydrate. The method comprises the following steps of: reacting a metal cobalt slice with a concentrated nitric acid so as to generate a cobalt nitrate, directly reducing the cobalt nitrate by using formaldehyde in the condition of the esistence of hydrochloric acid so as to remove the nitrate radical to generate a cobalt chloride solution, filtering, concentrating and cool crystallizing so as to acquire the cobalt chloride hexahydrate. The method of the invention generates no other impurities except the target products, gas and water in the reaction process, and can obtain pure cobalt chloride hexahydrate. The products acquired by using the method meet the analytically pure standard of GB/T 1270-1996 chemical reagent cobalt chloride hexahydrate. The method has the advantages of simple operation, rapid reaction, short producing flow, high production efficiency, mild process condition, easily controlled property and application in mass commercial process.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of cobalt chloride, relate in particular to a kind of preparation method of reagent cobalt chloride hexahydrate, more specifically relate to a kind ofly in the presence of hydrochloric acid, remove nitrate radical and generate the method for reagent cobalt chloride hexahydrate by formaldehyde reduction Xiao Suangu.
Background technology
Cobalt chloride hexahydrate is a kind of red monoclinic system crystal, easy deliquescence, and fusing point 86-87 ℃, lose whole crystal water at 120-140 ℃, get blue waterless cobaltous chloride.Soluble in water, be dissolved in ethanol, acetone, be slightly soluble in ether.Cobalt chloride has been widely used, mainly as analytical reagent, humidity and moisture indicator, ceramic colorant, paint drier, catalyzer and electroplating industry etc.
Cobalt chloride is common preparation method mainly contain: (1) cobalt metal and hydrochloric acid displaces reaction method, promptly under 80-90 ℃, react by cobalt metal sheet and hydrochloric acid, and generate cobalt chloride and hydrogen; (2) cobaltous dihydroxycarbonate conversion method promptly by cobalt metal or cobalt ore and nitric acid reaction generation Xiao Suangu, transfers the cobaltous dihydroxycarbonate precipitation to then, and washing generates cobalt chloride with hydrochloric acid reaction after removing impurity again.
In the aforesaid method, method (1) is because the reductibility of cobalt is more weak, and is slow with hydrionic replacement(metathesis)reaction, needs the long time just can finish reaction, and reaction process produces flammable hydrogen, and there is safety problem in production process; Method (2) is easy to generate impurity double team and absorption because Xiao Suangu transfers to when cobaltous dihydroxycarbonate precipitates, and washing impurity-removing is difficulty relatively, and Production Flow Chart is also long, thereby influences quality product and production efficiency.
Summary of the invention
For overcoming the problem of above existence, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of novel method for preparing cobalt chloride hexahydrate, this method Production Flow Chart is short, and the product that obtains meets GB/T1270-1996 chemical reagent analytical pure standard.
For realizing above purpose, reagent cobalt chloride hexahydrate preparation method of the present invention in turn includes the following steps:
(1) Xiao Suangu is synthetic: slowly add concentrated nitric acid and react in the cobalt sheet that the surface has cleaned up, obtain cobalt nitrate solution after catching up with acid, deironing, filtration, wherein, concentrated nitric acid is in concentration 〉=99%, then its charging capacity be weight of cobalt 4.3-4.5 doubly;
(2) cobalt chloride is synthetic: add half hydrochloric acid of hydrochloric acid charging capacity in the cobalt nitrate solution that step (1) obtains, heating also makes solution temperature remain on 60-70 ℃, slowly adding formaldehyde in the thread mode reacts, when solution colour becomes blue look by red-purple, and when no longer including the gas generation, stop to add formaldehyde, the reaction process gap adds remaining hydrochloric acid to keep pH≤2 of solution, and total add-on of hydrochloric acid is 3.2-3.4 a times of weight of cobalt;
(3) condensing crystal gets product: the cobalt chloride solution that step (2) is obtained after filtration, concentrate, crystallisation by cooling, centrifuge dripping obtain the cobalt chloride hexahydrate crystallization; Wherein, striking point is hot solution proportion d=1.45-1.50.
Excessive in order to prevent formaldehyde, above-mentioned steps (2) is when reacting near terminal point, also promptly become when faint yellow by red-brown when the gas that produces, the 1-1.5 ‰ that formaldehyde changes at every turn by charging capacity adds up to reaction end in the gap in batches, total charging capacity of formaldehyde be weight of cobalt 0.6-0.7 doubly.
Catch up with acid, deironing in the above-mentioned steps (1), be to add after concentrated nitric acid reaction finishes, solution is heated to little boiling, make the pH value of solution be 2-3, being 1.20-1.30 with pure water with solution dilution to proportion then, is 3.0-4.0 with cobaltous carbonate regulator solution pH value again, is heated to 60-70 ℃ and be incubated and make the iron ion hydrolytic precipitation more than 60 minutes, add and leave standstill after proper amount of active carbon stirs evenly more than 2 hours, filter and obtain clear liquid.
In order to make the reaction of Xiao Suangu building-up process not too fierce, in the above-mentioned steps (1), concentrated nitric acid adds pure water before adding in advance in the cobalt sheet, and the weight of the add-on of pure water and cobalt sheet quite gets final product.
In order to reduce entering of impurity, hydrochloric acid and formaldehyde in the above-mentioned steps (2) are the chemical pure level.
Among the above-mentioned preparation method, the preparation feedback of step (1) Xiao Suangu is a redox reaction, the reaction process heat release, for preventing to react too fast bumping, above-mentioned being reflected in the reaction vessel that is provided with the cold-water reflux device carried out, and adding the speed of concentrated nitric acid by adjusting, control reaction temperature is below 100 ℃.
For fear of the influence of cobalt metal sheet surface impurity to product, the cobalt sheet of above-mentioned steps (1) washes with rare nitric acid earlier before reaction.
Among the above-mentioned preparation method, the reaction process of step (1) and step (2) all has NO
2Gas produces, for avoiding NO
2To the pollution of environment, being reflected in the reaction vessel that is connected with exhaust gas absorption device of above-mentioned steps (1) and (2) carried out.
Above-mentioned waste gas adopts alkaline absorption solution to absorb.
Cobalt chloride hexahydrate preparation method of the present invention adopts cobalt metal sheet and nitric acid reaction generation Xiao Suangu, directly reduces Xiao Suangu by formaldehyde then in the presence of hydrochloric acid and removes nitrate radical and generate cobalt chloride, and reaction formula is as follows:
Co+4HNO
3＝Co(NO
3)
2+2NO
2↑+2H
2O
2Co(NO
3)
2+4HCl+HCHO＝2CoCl
2+4NO
2↑+CO
2↑+3H
2O
What the first step reaction and the reaction of second step obtained all is purpose product and gas and water, there are not other impurity to generate, gas is overflowed in reaction process, water exists in solution, therefore can access the higher cobalt chloride hexahydrate of purity, the product that is obtained by this method meets GB/T 1270-1996 chemical reagent cobalt chloride hexahydrate analytical pure standard.Preparation method of the present invention is easy and simple to handle, and reaction is quick, and Production Flow Chart is short, the production efficiency height, and the processing condition gentleness is easy to control, is particularly suitable for large-scale industrial production.
Embodiment
Be specific embodiments of the invention below, these embodiment to the specifying of reagent cobalt chloride hexahydrate preparation method of the present invention, are not in order to restriction protection scope of the present invention just.
Embodiment 1
(1) gets 100kg cobalt sheet earlier with after rare nitric acid flushing of 5%, drop in the 500L stainless steel jacketed reaction pot, add the 100kg pure water, connect and the unlatching exhaust gas absorption device, slowly adding concentrated nitric acid (concentration 〉=99%) in the thread mode then reacts, reaction process adds speed control reacting liquid temperature≤100 ℃ by opening the chuck water coolant and regulating nitric acid, reaction process constantly has pale brown look gas evolution, when reaction solution does not have obvious bubble to produce, the closed clip jacket water, be heated to slowly that solution is little to boil, catch up with acid to pH value of solution=2-3, reaction process adds concentrated nitric acid 445kg altogether;
(2) be 1.22-1.24 with pure water with above-mentioned solution dilution to proportion, the pH value of adjusting solution with cobaltous carbonate is 3.5-4.0, and solution is heated to 60-70 ℃ and be incubated 60 minutes, adds and leaves standstill after proper amount of active carbon stirs evenly 120 minutes, and filtration obtains clear liquid;
(3) above-mentioned filtrate is placed the 500L enamel reaction still, add CP grade hydrochloric acid 150kg, be heated to 60-70 ℃ and insulation, connect and the unlatching exhaust gas absorption device, earlier slowly add CP level formaldehyde in the thread mode and reacts, when the gas that produces is become when faint yellow by red-brown, the amount that changes at every turn by 80ml adds CP level formaldehyde in the gap in batches, solution colour becomes blue look by red-purple in pot, no longer includes yellow NO
2When gas produces, stop to add formaldehyde, the reaction process gap adds concentrated hydrochloric acid to keep pH≤2 of solution, and reaction process adds CP level formaldehyde 68kg, CP grade hydrochloric acid 335kg altogether;
(4) add the about 100g after-filtration of gac in above-mentioned solution, the filtrate gradation adds in 300 liters of enamel reaction stills, and heating is concentrated into hot solution proportion d=1.48-1.50, cooks and puts natural cooling crystallization in the plastic tub.Be cooled to after the abundant crystallization of room temperature, get crystallization centrifuge dripping on the encapsulate whizzer and get finished product 248kg.
Embodiment 2
(1) gets 100kg cobalt sheet earlier with after rare nitric acid flushing of 5%, drop in the 500L stainless steel jacketed reaction pot, add the 100kg pure water, connect and the unlatching exhaust gas absorption device, slowly adding concentrated nitric acid (concentration 〉=99%) in the thread mode then reacts, reaction process adds speed control reacting liquid temperature≤100 ℃ by opening the chuck water coolant and regulating nitric acid, reaction process constantly has pale brown look gas evolution, when reaction solution does not have obvious bubble to produce, the closed clip jacket water, be heated to slowly that solution is little to boil, make pH value of solution=2-3, reaction process adds concentrated nitric acid 440kg altogether;
(2) be 1.26-1.28 with pure water with above-mentioned solution dilution to proportion, the pH value of adjusting solution with cobaltous carbonate is 3.2-3.6, and solution is heated to 60-70 ℃ and be incubated 80 minutes, adds and leaves standstill after proper amount of active carbon stirs evenly 150 minutes, and filtration obtains clear liquid;
(3) above-mentioned filtrate is placed the 500L enamel reaction still, add CP grade hydrochloric acid 150kg, be heated to 60-70 ℃ and insulation, connect and the unlatching exhaust gas absorption device, earlier slowly add CP level formaldehyde in the thread mode and reacts, when the gas that produces is become when faint yellow by red-brown, the amount that changes at every turn by 80ml adds CP level formaldehyde in the gap in batches, solution colour becomes blue look by red-purple in pot, no longer includes yellow NO
2When gas produces, stop to add formaldehyde, the reaction process gap adds concentrated hydrochloric acid to keep pH≤2 of solution, and reaction process adds CP level formaldehyde 65kg, CP grade hydrochloric acid 330kg altogether;
(4) add the about 100g after-filtration of gac in above-mentioned solution, the filtrate gradation adds in 300 liters of enamel reaction stills, and heating is concentrated into hot solution proportion d=1.46-1.58, cooks and puts natural cooling crystallization in the plastic tub.Be cooled to after the abundant crystallization of room temperature, get crystallization centrifuge dripping on the encapsulate whizzer and get finished product 242kg.
Claims (9)
1. the preparation method of a reagent cobalt chloride hexahydrate in turn includes the following steps:
(1) Xiao Suangu is synthetic: slowly add concentrated nitric acid and react in the cobalt sheet that the surface has cleaned up, obtain cobalt nitrate solution after catching up with acid, deironing, filtration, wherein, concentrated nitric acid is in concentration 〉=99%, then its charging capacity be weight of cobalt 4.3-4.5 doubly;
(2) cobalt chloride is synthetic: add half hydrochloric acid of the total charging capacity of hydrochloric acid in the cobalt nitrate solution that step (1) obtains, heating also makes solution temperature remain on 60-70 ℃, slowly adding formaldehyde in the thread mode reacts, when solution colour becomes blue look by red-purple, and when no longer including the gas generation, stop to add formaldehyde, the reaction process gap adds remaining hydrochloric acid to keep pH≤2 of solution, and total charging capacity of hydrochloric acid is 3.2-3.4 a times of weight of cobalt;
(3) condensing crystal gets product: the cobalt chloride solution that step (2) is obtained after filtration, concentrate, crystallisation by cooling, centrifuge dripping obtain the cobalt chloride hexahydrate crystallization; Wherein, striking point is hot solution proportion d=1.45-1.50.
2. the preparation method of reagent cobalt chloride hexahydrate according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described step (2) is when reacting near terminal point, also promptly become when faint yellow by red-brown when the gas that produces, the adding of formaldehyde changes each 1-1.5 ‰ by charging capacity into and adds up to reaction end in the gap in batches, and total charging capacity of formaldehyde is 0.6-0.7 a times of weight of cobalt.
3. the preparation method of reagent cobalt chloride hexahydrate according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: catch up with acid, deironing in the described step (1), be to add after concentrated nitric acid reaction finishes, solution is heated to little boiling, make the pH value of solution be 2-3, be 1.20-1.30 with pure water with solution dilution to proportion then, be 3.0-4.0 with cobaltous carbonate regulator solution pH value again, be heated to 60-70 ℃ and be incubated and make the iron ion hydrolytic precipitation more than 60 minutes, add and leave standstill after proper amount of active carbon stirs evenly more than 2 hours, filter and obtain clear liquid.
4. the preparation method of reagent cobalt chloride hexahydrate according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: in the described step (1), concentrated nitric acid adds pure water before adding in advance in the cobalt sheet, and the weight of the add-on of pure water and cobalt sheet quite gets final product.
5. the preparation method of reagent cobalt chloride hexahydrate according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: hydrochloric acid and formaldehyde in the described step (2) are the chemical pure level.
6. the preparation method of reagent cobalt chloride hexahydrate according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: being reflected in the reaction vessel that is provided with the cold-water reflux device of described step (1) carried out, and add the speed of concentrated nitric acid by adjusting, temperature of reaction is controlled at below 100 ℃.
7. the preparation method of reagent cobalt chloride hexahydrate according to claim 3 is characterized in that: the cobalt sheet of described step (1) washes with rare nitric acid earlier before reaction.
8. the preparation method of reagent cobalt chloride hexahydrate according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: being reflected in the reaction vessel that is connected with exhaust gas absorption device of described step (1) and (2) carried out.
9. the preparation method of reagent cobalt chloride hexahydrate according to claim 8 is characterized in that: described waste gas adopts alkaline absorption solution to absorb.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010100194600A CN101774651B (en) | 2010-01-11 | 2010-01-11 | Method for preparing reagent cobalt chloride hexahydrate |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104743614B (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2018-08-21 | 北京当升材料科技股份有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of cobalt chloride solution |
| CN105905951B (en) * | 2016-06-08 | 2017-11-03 | 广东光华科技股份有限公司 | A kind of efficient method for removing nitrate anion impurity in cobalt sulfate solution |
| CN108675358A (en) * | 2018-07-17 | 2018-10-19 | 金川集团股份有限公司 | A kind of method for crystallising of cobalt chloride solution |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0052444A1 (en) * | 1980-11-14 | 1982-05-26 | Inco Limited | A process of producing cobalt (II) chloride |
| CN1337360A (en) * | 2000-08-15 | 2002-02-27 | 汕头恒昌化工有限公司 | Method of preparing cobelt chloride with colbalt slag containing Fe and Mg |
| CN101041473A (en) * | 2006-03-16 | 2007-09-26 | 谷亮 | Method for preparation of waterless cobaltous chloride |
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2010
- 2010-01-11 CN CN2010100194600A patent/CN101774651B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0052444A1 (en) * | 1980-11-14 | 1982-05-26 | Inco Limited | A process of producing cobalt (II) chloride |
| CN1337360A (en) * | 2000-08-15 | 2002-02-27 | 汕头恒昌化工有限公司 | Method of preparing cobelt chloride with colbalt slag containing Fe and Mg |
| CN101041473A (en) * | 2006-03-16 | 2007-09-26 | 谷亮 | Method for preparation of waterless cobaltous chloride |
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