CN101771235A - Method for generating phase noise-controlled low repetition frequency femtosecond laser pulse - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for generating a phase noise-controlled low repetition frequency femtosecond laser pulse, which is characterized in that: a resonance-enhanced cross absorption modulation or cross phase modulation method is used for synchronizing a high repetition frequency narrow pulse width slave optical fiber laser with a low repetition frequency master control laser; after synchronization, the repetition frequency of the slave optical fiber laser is locked on the low repetition frequency master control laser; and the all-optical synchronization technology does not damage the phase relationship between pulses, and the phase noise of the synchronized slave laser pulse can be effectively suppressed through a phase lock circuit. The method has the advantages that: the repetition frequency of the laser can be reduced on the premise of not damaging the phase noise controllability of the laser pulse or widening the pulse width. In addition, the method is applied to various fiber lasers, and has wide application range and convenient use.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of production method of novel low repetition frequency femtosecond laser, belong to superpower ultrafast laser technique field.This method combines fiber laser technology and laser Time synchronization technique, has realized the low-repetition-frequency femto second optical fiber laser that phase noise is controlled.
Background technology
The suppressible low repetition frequency femtosecond laser device of phase noise all has very important practical value in the research and production field.Because under the certain situation of energy total amount, the laser of low-repetition-frequency has higher single pulse energy with respect to the laser of high repetition frequency, so high-energy physics, high-order nonlinear optics, and the numerous areas of other light and matter interaction all needs the support of this high energy ultrafast laser.Especially in precise laser spectrum field, the phase noise characteristic of laser plays fundamental influence to the accuracy of spectrum.Simultaneously, such superlaser light source is in laser processing, nano materials research, and product detects, and also has irreplaceable effect in actual productions such as the medical treatment life.
At present, the method for acquisition low repetition frequency femtosecond laser pulse mainly is to utilize the effect of selecting pulse of Pockers cell (or acoustooptic modulation crystal) and the amplifying technique for light pulse of laser amplifier.With general ti sapphire laser is example, seed light is the femtosecond laser oscillator of tens of megahertzes from repetition rate, through the repetition rate that is selected after Pockers cell (or acoustooptic modulation crystal) is thousands of hertz pulse train, enters the average power that amplifier is amplified to several watts even hundreds of watts then.Pockers cell (or acoustooptic modulation crystal) is by signal of telecommunication control, the operating frequency of the signal of telecommunication be the seed light oscillator repetition rate 1/N doubly.Amplifier usually adopts is warble parameter amplifying technique or logical optical parameter amplifying technique how of light.The former be femtosecond seed optical pulse that Pockers cell (or acoustooptic modulation crystal) is selected on time domain because the difference of frequency content and broadened, be exaggerated through behind the gain media of excitation state again, at last by compressor reducer (grating pair, prism is right, chirped mirror, or the like) be compressed to ultra-short pulse width.General seed light is amplified to light step by step and is warbled the saturation gain of parameter amplifying system after the output of turned letter chamber.The latter makes seed light repeatedly through the light parametric amplifier of warbling, and makes full use of the Amplifier Gain energy.But the laser pulse of the low-repetition-frequency that obtains has by the way lost the continuous phase relation of determining each other, and great difficulty has been made in the control of laser pulse phase noise.The destruction of this phase relation mainly is that the seed pulse that each is chosen is independently of one another because Pockers cell (or acoustooptic modulation crystal) has mechanically cut off getting in touch between pulse and the pulse in selecting pulse process.
The another kind of method that obtains the low-repetition-frequency laser pulse is to use laser cavity to reach hundreds of meters fiber laser.Because repetition rate f=nc/L, c are light propagation velocity in a vacuum, n is a medium refraction index, and L is the physical length of laser cavity, so increase the repetition rate that laser cavity length can reduce laser.But because have extremely strong nonlinear effect in the optical fiber, so the fiber laser of low-repetition-frequency can't be exported femtosecond laser, and the output pulse also is difficult to be compressed to ultrashort pulse by compressor reducer.
In sum, the femto-second laser pulse that produces the controlled low-repetition-frequency of phase noise still needs new technical support.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is at above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art part, provide a kind of and can reduce the laser repetition rate but do not destroy the method for pulse continuity each other.
This make eye bright realized by following technical scheme:
The production method of the low repetition frequency femtosecond laser pulse that a kind of phase noise is controlled, it is characterized in that, the intersection of utilizing resonance to strengthen absorbs modulation or cross-phase modulator approach, the subordinate fiber laser of a high repetition frequency narrow pulse width is synchronized with the master control laser of a low-repetition-frequency; Synchronously, the repetition rate of this subordinate fiber laser is locked on the master control laser of low-repetition-frequency; This full optical synchronization technology is not destroyed interpulse phase relation, and the phase noise of the subordinate laser pulse after can suppress effectively by phase lock circuitry synchronously.
Described intersection absorbs modulator approach and is meant, adopts one section resonance medium, and the refractive index of medium is along with medium changes the absorbing state of resonance light, and this change can be reflected in medium to passing through the change of polarisation of light direction wherein; Described cross-phase modulator approach is meant, because two bundles or when more the multi beam light field is transmitted in medium, they will with the nonlinear effect generation mutual effect in the medium, not only the intensity of ripple itself is relevant therewith for the effective refractive index of light wave at this moment, also relevant with the intensity of other light wave that transmits simultaneously, light wave can obtain a nonlinear phase relevant with multiple beam intensity, therefore the subordinate laser will be subjected to the modulation from the resonance light pulse of master control laser, thereby realizes the synchronous of two lasers; Synchronously, the repetition rate of subordinate fiber laser equals the repetition rate of master control laser.
The subordinate laser that is adopted is the fiber laser of 8 word cavity configurations, is connected and composed by coupler by the sagnac of main ring and subordinate ring, and optical isolator, coupling follower and Polarization Controller are housed on this main ring; Semiconductor laser, gain media as pumping source is installed on this sagnac ring and has the resonance medium that intersects the absorption modulation or intersect the absorption mudulation effect, this sagnac ring passes through a wavelength division multiplexer respectively and is connected with the master control laser with described subordinate fiber laser.
Described coupling follower oppositely is installed on the described main ring, light is propagated along a certain direction at main ring, the unglazed output of coupling follower under the normal condition, when lock-out pulse injects, some light is returned by the sagnac ring, along propagating in the other direction, the coupling follower output by installing in the other direction at last.
Described gain media and resonance medium are the doped fiber laser.
One aspect of the present invention utilizes 8 word cavity optical fibre lasers to produce high repetition frequency and the controlled femto-second laser pulse of phase noise; The intersection of utilizing resonance absorption to strengthen on the other hand absorbs modulation or intersects and absorbs modulating action this fiber laser is synchronized with the laser of a low-repetition-frequency, realizes reducing the effect of fiber laser repetition rate.
Advantage of the present invention just is, can be in the phase noise controllability of not destroying laser pulse and do not reduce the laser repetition rate under the prerequisite of stretched pulse width.In addition, the method is applicable to polytype fiber laser, and is applied widely, easy to use.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention.
Symbol is represented respectively among the figure: A1 is an optical isolator, A2 is the coupling follower, A3 two advances 50: 50 coupler of scene 2 (four ports of turnover is respectively 1,4 and 2,3), A4 is a Polarization Controller, A5 is a laser output, B1 is 980nm semiconductor laser (pumping source of fiber laser), B2 is the 980nm/1064nm wavelength division multiplexer, B3 is the long Yb dosed optical fiber (gain media) of one section 0.5m, B4 is the long Er-doped fiber (resonance medium) of one section 0.2m, B5 is the 800nm/1064nm wavelength division multiplexer, and B6 is a Polarization Controller, and C is a ti sapphire laser that repetition rate is 250kHz.
Embodiment
Feature of the present invention and other correlated characteristic are described in further detail by embodiment below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, so that technical staff's of the same trade understanding.
Referring to Fig. 1, the production method of the low repetition frequency femtosecond laser pulse that a kind of phase noise of the present invention is controlled, it is characterized in that, the intersection of utilizing resonance to strengthen absorbs modulation or cross-phase modulator approach, the subordinate fiber laser of a high repetition frequency narrow pulse width (fiber lasers of the 8 word cavity configurations of being made up of main ring A and sagnac ring B) is synchronized with the master control laser C of a low-repetition-frequency; Synchronously, the repetition rate of this subordinate fiber laser is locked on the master control laser C of low-repetition-frequency; This full optical synchronization technology is not destroyed interpulse phase relation, and the phase noise of the subordinate laser pulse after can suppress effectively by phase lock circuitry synchronously.
Described intersection absorbs modulator approach and is meant, adopts one section resonance medium, and the refractive index of medium is along with medium changes the absorbing state of resonance light, and this change can be reflected in medium to passing through the change of polarisation of light direction wherein; Described cross-phase modulator approach is meant, because two bundles or when more the multi beam light field is transmitted in medium, they will with the nonlinear effect generation mutual effect in the medium, not only the intensity of ripple itself is relevant therewith for the effective refractive index of light wave at this moment, also relevant with the intensity of other light wave that transmits simultaneously, light wave can obtain a nonlinear phase relevant with multiple beam intensity, therefore the subordinate laser will be subjected to the modulation from the resonance light pulse of master control laser, thereby realizes the synchronous of two lasers; Synchronously, the repetition rate of subordinate fiber laser equals the repetition rate of master control laser.
The intersection that described resonance absorption strengthens absorbs mudulation effect, is meant dopant ion in the resonance medium after having absorbed the resonance photon, by original ground state (I1) by pumping to highly excited level (I2).Because the refractive index of ground state and excitation state and inequality, so also can produce different influences to character through the light beam of this section resonance medium.Wherein polarization state is exactly a beam properties that is subjected to medium refraction index change influence.Pass through the resonance absorption medium indirectly to the change of another beam properties because this influence is a branch of light, absorb modulation so be known as to intersect; The modulation of the cross-phase told is meant because two bundles or when more the multi beam light field is transmitted in medium, they will be with the nonlinear effect generation mutual effect in the medium, not only the intensity of ripple itself is relevant therewith for the effective refractive index of light wave at this moment, also relevant with the intensity of other light wave that transmits simultaneously, light wave can obtain a nonlinear phase relevant with multiple beam intensity.
Modulate or the cross-phase modulating action based on this intersection absorption, can light all be encircled in the light that do not resonate by sagnac, reenter main ring, finish once vibration by regulating the interior polarization state of light of sagnac ring in the fiber laser; And when resonance light process resonance medium, resonance light causes have part laser to encircle by sagnac when the polarization state of sagnac ring inner laser changes, and continues to enter main ring, and another part then encircles former road along sagnac and returns.The laser that returns is by a reverse coupled follower output.Like this, only when the resonance light pulse was injected into the sagnac ring, the reverse follower of fiber laser just had laser output, thereby had reduced the repetition rate of fiber laser.
Because there is laser to be looped back to main ring in the fiber laser all the time by sagnac, finish vibration, so the phase place between the laser pulse of fiber laser output is continuous, phase noise also can suppress by phase-locked loop circuit.
As shown in Figure 1, the subordinate fiber laser that is adopted is the fiber laser of 8 word cavity configurations, and 8 word cavity lasers have a main ring A and a sagnac ring B, and the centre is linked at together by two 50: 50 fiber coupler A3 that advance scene 2.The Sagnac ring B claim the sagnac annular mirror again, the nonlinear interaction that is subjected in the annular mirror that do not coexist of light according to its polarization state and energy that it is characterized in that importing is also inequality, and this difference can have influence on the ratio that injects energy that sees through behind the light process annular mirror and the energy that is returned.
The chamber length of subordinate laser is 3 meters, and not preceding synchronously repetition rate is 80MHz.By regulating Polarization Controller A4 and B6, can realize the locked mode output (from laser output A5 output) of fiber laser, the centre wavelength of output pulse is at the 1064nm place, and the width of output pulse is 30fs.The master control laser that adopts among this embodiment is that centre wavelength is the ti sapphire laser C of 800nm, and its repetition rate is 250kHz.The master pulse sequence is injected into the subordinate fiber laser by wavelength division multiplexer B5, then through the long Er-doped fiber B4 of 0.2m, causes intersection and absorbs the modulation modulating action, the output of control subordinate fiber laser.Synchronously, the repetition rate of ytterbium-doping optical fiber laser B3 is reduced to 250kHz, and output laser pulse is less than 50fs.
Except the Yb dosed optical fiber B3 that above embodiment mentioned, this method can also be applied to er-doped, mix various doped fiber lasers such as thulium.Only need in the operation to change the gain media of laser and select the optical fibre device of respective wavelength just can.
The present invention relates to following technology:
At first be based on the simultaneous techniques that intersection absorbs modulating action.Trivalent erbium ion among the Er-doped fiber B4 is behind the photon of the 800nm that has absorbed ti sapphire laser C, by original ground state (4I1
15/2) arrived highly excited level (4I by pumping
9/2).Because the refractive index of these two energy level attitudes is also inequality, so the polarization state of the light beam of this section of process Er-doped fiber B4 can deflect, its effect is equivalent to periodically regulate a Polarization Controller, and the frequency in its cycle is exactly the repetition rate of ti sapphire laser C.Because laser polarization state has determined the output of laser in the 8 word chambeies, regulate the output that laser polarization just equals to regulate laser, so ti sapphire laser C utilizes this intersection to absorb the output frequency that mudulation effect has been controlled the fiber laser of subordinate status.Simultaneous techniques based on the cross-phase modulation.Make master control laser laser pulse inject the subordinate laser in the experiment, the rotation of the nonlinear polarization of controlled laser device is introduced in the cross-phase modulation that produces in two bundle laser, has caused the master control laser to utilize this cross-phase modulation effect to control the output frequency of the fiber laser of subordinate status.
Next is exactly the mode-locking technique of the fiber laser of 8 font structures.Wherein Yb dosed optical fiber B3 is a gain fibre, and Er-doped fiber B4 is resonance optical fiber, is used to provide intersect absorb mudulation effect.The locked mode principle of the laser of this chamber type is: the light of main ring A enters through a coupler A3 and is divided into amplitude behind the sagnac ring B and equates two parts that the direction of propagation is opposite; Provide the Yb dosed optical fiber B3 of gain to be placed on one side near coupler A3, making one road light just enter sagnac ring B just is exaggerated, another road then is exaggerated when leaving sagnac ring B, two-way light has been subjected to nonlinear with different degree polarization turning effort from monomode fiber according to the priority that is exaggerated order, after interfering with each other, the light of a certain pattern will encircle B by sagnac with the highest transmitance, because it meets the required polarization state of sagnac ring B output most.The light that meets sagnac ring B requirement so constantly vibrates, and is exaggerated, and has just realized the locked mode of subordinate fiber laser.
Be the reverse export technique of subordinate fiber laser at last.In the fiber laser, light is propagated along a certain direction (Fig. 1 is a clockwise direction) at main ring A.Because coupling follower A2 installs in the other direction, so the unglazed output of laser under the normal condition.When intersect absorbing the modulation lock-out pulse and inject, some light is returned by sagnac ring B, like this in the main ring A with regard to the light of some backpropagation, this moment, laser just can be exported from coupling follower A2.
This method utilization intersects to absorb modulates or the cross-phase modulation technique, the femto second optical fiber laser (subordinate laser) of a high repetition frequency is synchronized with the laser (master control laser) of a low-repetition-frequency.The repetition rate of master control laser is 1/N a times of subordinate laser.After realizing synchronously, the repetition rate of subordinate laser is consistent with the master control laser.Do not increase because the chamber of femto second optical fiber laser is long, so the pulse duration of its output does not have significant change in the nonlinear effect effect yet.In addition, femtosecond pulse vibrates in fiber laser all the time, and pulse train does not have destroyed, has also just guaranteed the controllability of the phase noise of low-repetition-frequency pulse.
Claims (5)
1. the production method of the controlled low repetition frequency femtosecond laser pulse of a phase noise, it is characterized in that, the intersection of utilizing resonance to strengthen absorbs modulation or cross-phase modulator approach, the subordinate fiber laser of a high repetition frequency narrow pulse width is synchronized with the master control laser of a low-repetition-frequency; Synchronously, the repetition rate of this subordinate fiber laser is locked on the master control laser of low-repetition-frequency; This full optical synchronization technology is not destroyed interpulse phase relation, and the phase noise of the subordinate laser pulse after can suppress effectively by phase lock circuitry synchronously.
2. the production method of the low repetition frequency femtosecond laser pulse that phase noise according to claim 1 is controlled, it is characterized in that, described intersection absorbs modulator approach and is meant, adopt one section resonance medium, the refractive index of medium is along with medium changes the absorbing state of resonance light, and this change can be reflected in the change of medium to the polarisation of light direction by wherein; Described cross-phase modulator approach is meant, because two bundles or when more the multi beam light field is transmitted in medium, they will with the nonlinear effect generation mutual effect in the medium, not only the intensity of ripple itself is relevant therewith for the effective refractive index of light wave at this moment, also relevant with the intensity of other light wave that transmits simultaneously, light wave can obtain a nonlinear phase relevant with multiple beam intensity, therefore the subordinate laser will be subjected to the modulation from the resonance light pulse of master control laser, thereby realizes the synchronous of two lasers; Synchronously, the repetition rate of subordinate fiber laser equals the repetition rate of master control laser.
3. the production method of the low repetition frequency femtosecond laser pulse that phase noise according to claim 1 is controlled, it is characterized in that, the subordinate laser that is adopted is the fiber laser of 8 word cavity configurations, sagnac ring by main ring and subordinate connects and composes by coupler, and optical isolator, coupling follower and Polarization Controller are housed on this main ring; Semiconductor laser, gain media as pumping source is installed on this sagnac ring and has the resonance medium that intersects the absorption modulation or intersect the absorption mudulation effect, this sagnac ring passes through a wavelength division multiplexer respectively and is connected with the master control laser with described subordinate fiber laser.
4. the production method of the low repetition frequency femtosecond laser pulse that phase noise according to claim 3 is controlled, it is characterized in that, described coupling follower oppositely is installed on the described main ring, light is propagated along a certain direction at main ring, the unglazed output of coupling follower under the normal condition when lock-out pulse injects, is returned some light by the sagnac ring, along propagating in the other direction, the coupling follower output by installing in the other direction at last.
5. the production method of the low repetition frequency femtosecond laser pulse that phase noise according to claim 3 is controlled is characterized in that, described gain media and resonance medium are the doped fiber laser.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102263368A (en) * | 2011-06-28 | 2011-11-30 | 北京交通大学 | Multi-optical fiber passive phase-locking laser |
| CN109119874A (en) * | 2018-09-29 | 2019-01-01 | 上海理工大学 | A kind of inclined double-colored of all risk insurance synchronizes ultrafast fiber laser system |
| CN109217085A (en) * | 2018-09-06 | 2019-01-15 | 上海理工大学 | A kind of partially ultrafast fiber laser system of all risk insurance of passive full phototiming |
| CN110459941A (en) * | 2019-07-30 | 2019-11-15 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of 8 word chamber orbital angular momentum mode mode locked fiber lasers |
| CN113056849A (en) * | 2018-04-20 | 2021-06-29 | 巴黎综合理工学院 | Method for generating ultrashort pulse |
| CN113328331A (en) * | 2021-05-14 | 2021-08-31 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Sagnac ring ultra-short pulse laser generator based on high saturation absorption |
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| US20090003391A1 (en) * | 2007-06-28 | 2009-01-01 | Shenping Li | Low-repetition-rate ring-cavity passively mode-locked fiber laser |
| CN101478111A (en) * | 2009-01-19 | 2009-07-08 | 华东师范大学 | Process for generating low repeat frequency ultra-short laser pulse |
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| US20090003391A1 (en) * | 2007-06-28 | 2009-01-01 | Shenping Li | Low-repetition-rate ring-cavity passively mode-locked fiber laser |
| CN101478111A (en) * | 2009-01-19 | 2009-07-08 | 华东师范大学 | Process for generating low repeat frequency ultra-short laser pulse |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102263368A (en) * | 2011-06-28 | 2011-11-30 | 北京交通大学 | Multi-optical fiber passive phase-locking laser |
| CN113056849A (en) * | 2018-04-20 | 2021-06-29 | 巴黎综合理工学院 | Method for generating ultrashort pulse |
| US12003071B2 (en) | 2018-04-20 | 2024-06-04 | Ecole Polytechnique | Method for generating ultrashort pulses |
| CN109217085A (en) * | 2018-09-06 | 2019-01-15 | 上海理工大学 | A kind of partially ultrafast fiber laser system of all risk insurance of passive full phototiming |
| CN109119874A (en) * | 2018-09-29 | 2019-01-01 | 上海理工大学 | A kind of inclined double-colored of all risk insurance synchronizes ultrafast fiber laser system |
| CN110459941A (en) * | 2019-07-30 | 2019-11-15 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of 8 word chamber orbital angular momentum mode mode locked fiber lasers |
| CN110459941B (en) * | 2019-07-30 | 2021-01-19 | 华南理工大学 | 8-shaped cavity orbital angular momentum mode-locked fiber laser |
| CN113328331A (en) * | 2021-05-14 | 2021-08-31 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Sagnac ring ultra-short pulse laser generator based on high saturation absorption |
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