CN101769741B

CN101769741B - Sunshine digital south finding instrument-starlight digital north finding instrument

Info

Publication number: CN101769741B
Application number: CN2008102425903A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘明星
Original assignee: QIDONG XINYANG ELECTRONICS CO Ltd
Current assignee: QIDONG XINYANG ELECTRONICS CO Ltd
Priority date: 2008-12-30
Filing date: 2008-12-30
Publication date: 2012-04-18
Anticipated expiration: 2028-12-30
Also published as: CN101769741A

Abstract

The invention relates to a sunshine digital south finding instrument-starlight digital north finding instrument, which is a novel device applied to mobile carriers (various vehicles and ships) to measure the right south direction or the right north direction of the earth. The device consists of an instrument structure and an electrical control part. The direction-finding principle of the device comprises the following steps that: a sunshine receiver or a starlight receiver receives and irradiates an optical signal on an optical sensor; the optical sensor converts the optical signal into an electric signal and outputs the electric signal to a controller; and an azimuth angle is displayed at a current certain moment through preamplification, A/D conversion, data processing and calculation. If the position of the carrier changes, the controller can automatically search and track the sun or star to acquire new azimuth angle data which represents a deflection angle of the mobile carrier relative to the right south direction or the right north direction at the new position. The method has the characteristics of insusceptibility of interference of magnetic field and magnetic substances, high direction-finding accuracy, low cost and automatic operation of sailing direction.

Description

The sunshine digital south finding instrument-starlight digital north finding appearance

The present invention is for being applied to a kind of new equipment that a kind of on the mobile vehicle (all kinds of cars, ship) measures positive south orientation of the earth or positive north orientation, particularly be used for indicating all kinds of boats and ships bows to direction.

No matter be ancient times or modern times, riding the sea is used for the instrument of direction indication, all processes with the principle of terrestrial magnetic field induction basically.This quasi-instrument all improves on the basis of Ancient Times in China people inventions " compass " and forms.As: the magnetic Luo Jing of needle liquid floating magnetic Luo Jing, band multiple installation, correcting measuring formula magnetic Luo Jing etc., the former props up by the most of ships of China and is adopted, and this type Luo Jing receives influence of magnetic field big; Measuring error is big; Generally more than 2 °, sometimes even up to more than 10 °, use the school difference pretty troublesome; And different latitude autodyne can not be proofreaied and correct, nor can carry out the robotization steering.

(background technology):

For the higher large ship of ask for something, they adopt course instruments such as gyro compass, gyro north-seeking instrument, and the precision of this quasi-instrument can reach 1 °～2 °; But complex structure involves great expense, and it is long to start service time; Maintenance inconvenience, and fragile, so must be equipped with magnetic Luo Jing as subsequent use.

The deadly defect of above-mentioned several kinds of direction finding instruments is to receive influence of magnetic field big; This will limit their results of use under specific occasion, particular case, particular requirement, for example under the war situation, and enemy's disturbing magnetic field; This will make the direction finding instrument produce very mistake; Even malfunctioning, and for example when ship props up the marine site of driving towards the ore deposit, ground, also can the precision of instrument be exerted an influence.In surrounding waters, China Qingdao, just there is a different magnetic region, in this zone, the data of magnetic Luo Jing indication are just undesired.In addition; For some the occasion of accuracy requirement is arranged, they also can't be applied, owing to receive the influence of magnetic field or magnetisable material; The data that they are measured can produce very big error; Must carry out school difference or demarcation often, and such work must have specialized agency and professional to carry out, this certainly will make troubles to the user.

To above-mentioned shortcoming, we have proposed a kind of brand-new direction-finding device, and it does not receive magnetic interference, has higher measuring accuracy; Can reach 0.1 °～0.05 °, even can improve again, and reliable measurement, rapid, convenient, relative low price; According to different request for utilizations, can be divided into manual, electronic, automatic three kinds of patterns, can be connected with auto navigator; Form self-navigation, automatic pilot system, can satisfy some specific users' demand, militarily also have place to show one's prowess.

(summary of the invention):

The present invention adopts following technical scheme to realize: whole instrument is made up of Fig. 1 physical construction part and Fig. 2 circuit control section; The principle of its direction finding with method is: export to controller after by sunlight signal transducer or starlight signal transducer the conversion of signals of sunshine signal that receives or arctic starlight being become electric signal; Carry out preposition amplification by controller, after A/D conversion, data processing, the computed in software, single-chip microcomputer is maked decision again; Give an order to level, pitching, three drive systems in orientation respectively; Make three motors make topworks's motion simultaneously, make sunshine collector or starlight gatherer move to the position of requirement, promptly light class drops on the centre position of silicon photovoltaic detector; Longitude and latitude data that this moment, single-chip microcomputer provided according to GPS and calculate solar azimuth (or position angle of Polaris) here and now by the time zone standard time that clock chip provides; Thereby can calculate mobile vehicle and align southern drift angle (or aligning northern drift angle), and show that on display meanwhile sunshine collector can also turn to the aligning Due South automatically; Express the navigation direction accurately of carrier intuitively; When the direction of mobile vehicle changes, sunshine collector will be aimed at the sun from motion tracking, and can demonstrate at any time and align southern drift angle.

Main characteristics of the present invention are the interference that do not receive magnetic field or magnetisable material, do not need frequent school difference or demarcate the direction finding precision height; Can reach 0.1 °～0.05 °, and convenient measurement, rapid, directly perceived, reliable, not fragile or malfunctioning; Cost is cheap relatively, and can realize the automation mechanized operation in carrier course, for some the user of specific (special) requirements is arranged; Can be described as a comparatively ideal direction finding product, it is militarily also with practical value.

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and instance the present invention is done more detailed explanation:

(description of drawings):

Fig. 1 is an instrument general structure synoptic diagram, and each sequence number is explained as follows: 1, support unit; 2, orientation drivetrain components; 3, outer cover bottom; 4, horizontal drivetrain components; 5, starlight signal transducer (the astronomical optics guiding telescope system that is made up of object lens, eyepiece, image changing mirror is if constitute photoelectricity automatic guiding system just insert the stylus device); 6, pitching drivetrain components; 7, external top; 8, sunlight signal generator (forming) by silicon photovoltaic detector and circuit thereof; 9, sunlight signal collector (by the optical system that two cemented objective or other condenser constituted).

Fig. 2 is the DC motor controller circuit block diagram: each sequence number is explained as follows: 1, sunlight signal transducer (being made up of sunshine collector and sunlight signal generator) and starlight signal transducer; 2, signal amplification circuit; 3, simulating signal A/D conversion; 4, single-chip microcomputer; 5, power supply; 6, gps signal provides the longitude and latitude and the data of geodetic point at any time to single-chip microcomputer; 7, PC can carry out communication with PC through the RS232 serial ports; 8, mobile display, demonstrate carrier align southern drift angle data can move on to steering the time or when scalping supply the human pilot direct viewing; 9, clock chip provides time zone standard time of measuring point to single-chip microcomputer; 10, fixing display demonstrates the position angle at any time in control; 11, horizontal drive and number representation system (forming) by direct current generator and photoelectric code disk; 12, pitching driving and number representation system (forming) by direct current generator and photoelectric code disk; 13, the orientation drives and number representation system (being made up of direct current generator and photoelectric code disk).The hardware of

sequence number

1,11,12,13 partly is to be contained on the apparatus structure position, and connects into an integral body by many cables between apparatus structure and the controller, to realize the transmission and the control of photosignal.

(embodiment):

Embodiment: see Fig. 2, on the naval vessel, use, first during the installation guide appearance; Must make the baseline of guide appearance consistent to line, ride the sea with the head on naval vessel, bearing and degree of tilt all can the time be engraved in variation; In order to measure the course exactly, the guide appearance must make the instrument horizontalization, and the motor in single-chip microcomputer (4) the command level drive system (11) rotates; Make instrument be in horizontality, simultaneously single-chip microcomputer is calculated here and now the sun angle of pitch and position angle according to the data that GPS (6) and clock chip (9) provide again, under the running of program; Motor in pitching and direction drive system (12), (13) also rotates simultaneously; The guide appearance is according to the relevant parameter searching sun (can automatic or manual), drops on the center position of the silicon photovoltaic detector in the sunlight signal transducer (1) up to the light class of the sun, when error reaches permissible value; On display (8) and (10), demonstrate the elevation angle and the position angle of the sun this moment; Meanwhile, sunlight signal transducer (1) can also turn to Due South, to express the offset direction of naval vessel with respect to Due South intuitively.When course change, sunshine collector can be aimed at the sun from motion tracking, and can be interrupted or demonstrate continuously to Due South to drift angle and position angle, advance with indication naval vessel direction on request.

At night; Can aim at Polaris through starlight signal transducer (1) search; Polaris height and orientation that longitude and latitude that is provided through GPS (6) and clock chip (9) by single-chip microcomputer (4) and standard time data computation go out here and now, and on display (8) and (10), demonstrate naval vessel head to the position angle.Equally can through the stylus device in the starlight signal transducer (1) realize to the naval vessel from motion tracking, thereby can be at any time on display (8) and (10), demonstrate bow to drift angle to direct north.

Claims

1. sunshine digital guide appearance-starlight numeral refers to northern appearance; It is to be become with automatically controlled part mutual group by the physical construction of instrument part; Comprise: orientation kinematic train, horizontal kinematic train, pitching kinematic train, support unit, instrument outer cover, sunlight signal transducer, starlight signal transducer, single-chip microcomputer, digital indicator, gps signal, clock chip, power supply and various wiring board; Believe the light signal that sensor receives by sunlight signal transducer or starlight; Convert to electrical signal form and export to controller, after signal amplification, A/D conversion, digital processing, computed in software, send action command to level, pitching, three drive systems in orientation respectively by single-chip microcomputer again; Make sunlight signal transducer or starlight signal transducer meet the requirements of location status; Be that light class drops within the error range of permission, the time data that longitude and latitude data that this moment, single-chip microcomputer provided according to GPS and clock chip provide calculates position angle here and now, and on display, demonstrates orientation angles; And, indicate the direction in due south or positive north simultaneously with the arrow form.

2. sunshine digital guide appearance-starlight numeral of narrating according to claim 1 refers to northern appearance; It is characterized in that: the sunlight signal transducer is made up of sunshine collector and sunlight signal generator; And the light path system that sunshine collector is made up of two separation object lens or other condenser, the sunlight signal generator is made up of silicon photovoltaic detector and circuit thereof; The starlight gatherer that the starlight signal transducer is made up of object lens, eyepiece, image changing mirror constitutes the starlight signal generator by stylus and circuit thereof and forms.

3. sunshine digital guide appearance-starlight numeral of narrating according to claim 1 refers to northern appearance; It is characterized in that: apparatus structure has three transmission shafts: azimuth axis is perpendicular to ground; Transverse axis is vertical with azimuth axis and in same vertical guide; Pitch axis is above transverse axis and perpendicular with the axis of azimuth axis, and vertical guide that is constituted and the former vertical guide are orthogonal and crossing.

4. sunshine digital guide appearance-starlight numeral of narrating according to claim 1 refers to northern appearance; It is characterized in that: at the two ends of pitch axis; The symmetry, evenly sunlight signal transducer and starlight signal transducer are installed, the former aims at the sun daytime, is used for measuring the direction in due south; The latter aims at Polaris night, is used for measuring the direction in positive north.

5. sunshine digital guide appearance-starlight numeral of narrating according to claim 1 refers to northern appearance, it is characterized in that: orientation, level, pitching kinematic train all are made up of direct current generator, gear train, optoelectronic switch and code-disc respectively.

6. sunshine digital guide appearance-starlight numeral of narrating according to claim 1 refers to northern appearance, it is characterized in that: the structure division of instrument is lived with outer cover encapsulation, and the first half of cover is a light transmissive material, can let sunlight and starlight pass, and outer cover can be prevented dust storm, but anti-rain again.

7. sunshine digital guide appearance-starlight numeral of narrating according to claim 1 refers to northern appearance, it is characterized in that: be connected many cable devices on the apparatus structure and be from the axle center of azimuth axis and pass the outside, link to each other with placing indoor control.