CN101769708A - Multisection continuous observing method for feeding back tunnel surrounding rock deforming rule - Google Patents
Multisection continuous observing method for feeding back tunnel surrounding rock deforming rule Download PDFInfo
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- CN101769708A CN101769708A CN200910216958A CN200910216958A CN101769708A CN 101769708 A CN101769708 A CN 101769708A CN 200910216958 A CN200910216958 A CN 200910216958A CN 200910216958 A CN200910216958 A CN 200910216958A CN 101769708 A CN101769708 A CN 101769708A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a multisection continuous observing method for feeding back a tunnel surrounding rock deforming rule, which is suitable for support engineering of a mine tunnel. The tunnel length range of a tunneling influence period is judged according to the surrounding rock condition and the tunneling speed of the tunnel; 5 to 10 observing stations are distributed and installed in a range not smaller than the length at an observing station interval which is integral multiple of daily tunneling size of the tunnel; the observation is carried out once a day after installation and keeps for 3-5days, and the data for reflecting the tunnel deforming rule can be obtained. By the system distribution of the observing stations and the improvement of the observing method, the invention reduces the observing period from 50-80 days to 3-5 days, greatly reduces the workload of observing staffs and has high feedback speed and less influence on the tunneling construction of the tunnel; the reflected mine pressure rule can provide reliable information in time for guiding site construction and provide important basic data for solving the problem of support of the deep soft rock tunnel.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Continuous Observation method, especially a kind of multibreak Continuous Observation method that is applicable to the back tunnel surrouding rock deformation rule of shaft and drift supporting engineering.
Background technology
As the passage of Safety of Coal Mine Production, the ore deposit in tunnel presses observation importance self-evident.On the one hand, the reasonable control in tunnel is concerning the ordinary production of mine and miner's life security with maintenance, and the tunnel accident has big and destructive strong characteristics of contingency, must carry out daily ore deposit and press its maintenance situation of observation, when abnormal conditions occurring, take measures in time with the reflection country rock; On the other hand, increase along with the coal mining degree of depth, the control difficult problem in deep and weak broken wall rock tunnel is obvious all the more, and support technology is demanded urgently breaking through, and the ore deposit pressure observation that is observed core with deformation of the surrounding rock in tunnel then is the important element task of research Deep Soft Rock Tunnel supporting problem.
For a long time, deformation of the surrounding rock in tunnel is observed needs to rely on a large amount of layout survey stations, enforcement long-term observation just can obtain complete data, generally needs to arrange the dozens of survey station, observes about 50～80 days.Because observation cycle is long, workload is big, and the information feedback hysteresis, can not in time reflect the rule of deformation of the surrounding rock in tunnel and destruction, when large deformation even unstability appearred in the tunnel, observation work finished as yet.In order to shorten observation cycle, some ore deposits press observation procedure painstakingly to reduce survey station quantity or intensive layout survey station, but all are difficult to obtain in a short time correct result, also influence the normal tunneling construction in tunnel simultaneously.Therefore the ore deposit of mine laneway presses observation still to lack the efficient and rational observation procedure that a cover can overcome the above problems.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters: it is simple to the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of method, multibreak Continuous Observation method of the back tunnel surrouding rock deformation rule that observation cycle is short, feedback speed is fast.
Technical scheme: multibreak Continuous Observation method of back tunnel surrouding rock deformation rule of the present invention is as follows:
The first survey station of step 1, layout surrouding rock deformation in the about 2m scope of distance roadway head;
The survey station spacing of described first survey station, middle survey station and tail survey station is identical; Described survey station spacing is the integral multiple of roadway head daily footage, is about 1～5 times; Described whole tunnel driving influences the length of phase and is about 100～200m.
Beneficial effect: the present invention can reduce survey station installation difficulty and set-up time, reduces the influence of observation to tunnelling work; Need observe more than 50～80 days with traditional observation procedure and to compare, the present invention only need observe 3～5 days, has significantly reduced observation cycle and observation personnel's workload, reduces labour intensity, saves human resources.In addition, the data feedback that observation data is pressed as the ore deposit, tunnel, the ore deposit reflected presses rule can in time provide authentic communication to instruct site operation, improve supporting scheme, and presses the research of rule, the safety in production that solves a Deep Soft Rock Tunnel supporting difficult problem and mine for the roadway surrounding rock ore deposit important techniques guarantee is provided.Its method is simple, easily implements, and time saving and energy saving, the efficient height has practicality widely.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that ore deposit, tunnel of the present invention presses the observation survey station to arrange synoptic diagram.
Fig. 2 is the survey station scheme of installation.
Among the figure: 1-roadway head, the first survey station of 2-, survey station in the middle of the 3-, 4-tail survey station, S
0-driving face daily footage, S
1-survey station spacing, the I-tunnelling zone of influence, II-roadway surrounding rock stable region; The short anchor pole of 5-, 6-nut hook.
Embodiment
Shown in Figure 1, multibreak Continuous Observation method of back tunnel surrouding rock deformation rule of the present invention, at first choose the similar observation section of wall rock condition according to design proposal, judge the secondary stress influence zone that roadway excavation was caused under this wall rock condition with engineering analog method, according to roadway surrounding rock condition and driving speed, judge the length of a tunnelling zone of influence I; The length that the whole tunnel driving influences phase I generally is about 100～200m.In the about 2m scope of distance roadway head, arrange the first survey station 2 of surrouding rock deformation; Then arrange the middle survey station 3 of a plurality of surrouding rock deformations, a plurality of middle survey station 3 interval S such as survey station such as grade at the rear of first survey station 2
1The length range that is covered with whole tunnel driving zone of influence I, the survey station interval S
1Be roadway head daily footage S
0Integral multiple, be about 1～5 times, under the fixed situation of observation cycle, the precision of more little its feedback of spacing is high more.In this tunnelling zone of influence I length range according to tunnel daily footage S
0Integral multiple be that pitch arrangement is installed 5～10 survey stations; In apart from the roadway surrounding rock stabilized zone II of survey station 3 in the middle of last, arrange tail survey station 4 then; The survey station interval S of first survey station 2, middle survey station 3 and tail survey station 4
1All identical, each survey station is measured the surrouding rock deformation situation of a drift section, and the common observation of a plurality of survey stations can realize multibreak Continuous Observation.Adopt the routine observation method to measure, each survey station is carried out surveying or surveying more than a day in one day one, gather a plurality of displacements of tunnel-surrounding, Continuous Observation 3～5 days can obtain reflecting the data of roadway deformation rule.
Shown in Figure 2, the installation of each survey station is according to conventional method, and during installation, two help and push up each selection of middle part, the end a bit in the tunnel, the short anchor pole 5 that a length is 400～600mm is installed respectively, and in short anchor pole 5 outer ends one nut hook 6 is installed.
The routine measurement method is to adopt two lining ropes to connect the nut hook 6 that the end was helped and pushed up in tunnel two respectively, makes two lining ropes form cross section, then with the distance of apparatus measures nut hooks 6 such as steel tape to right-angled intersection point.
The shed shoring form is adopted in embodiment one, certain big lane of return air, coal seam, Mining Group colliery, carries out deformation of the surrounding rock in tunnel observation during the driving support form of present employing is assessed.The tunnel is the nearly 300m of tunneling construction, and from the rock stratum situation that discloses, the construction tunnel wall rock condition does not have to change substantially.This tunnel is similar to the adjacent big lane of track geologic condition, presses according to the ore deposit in the big lane of track to manifest situation, and the rear 100m left and right sides surrouding rock deformation of roadway head 1 tends towards stability, and deformation velocity is no more than 1mm/ days.Therefore the driving that can judge this tunnel influence the tunnel length I of phase and is about 100m, and the later tunnel of 100m enters adjoining rock stability district II.Roadway head daily footage S
0Be 5m, the survey station interval S
1Get driving face daily footage S
04 times, be 20m.First survey station 2 is installed at 1m place, the rear of distance driving face 1, and first survey station 2 rears are survey station 3 in the middle of 20m installs one, and 5 middle survey stations 3 are installed altogether, and tail survey station 4 is arranged in apart from after the driving face 100m, apart from middle survey station 20m.Whole observation area is about 120m, arranges 7 survey stations altogether.Survey station adopts conventional cross section method to install and measure, and mainly observes the deflection and the deformation velocity of tunnel-surrounding.On fixed survey station position, each selects the middle part of helping at the end and two in the top, tunnel a bit, and the short anchor pole 5 that a length is 400～600mm is installed respectively, short anchor pole afterbody install nut hook 6, two help with the nut hook 6 that pushes up the end should be after fixing respectively towards consistent.Connect two respectively with two lining ropes during measurement and help and push up the nut hook 6 at the end, the intersection point of lining rope and nut hook 6 is respectively A, B, C, D, and the intersection point of two lining ropes is the O point, and the distance that adopts steel tape to measure OA, AB, OC, CD during measurement gets final product.According to observation requirement, continuous coverage 5 days.Observed result shows that two help the shift-in amount to reach 148mm during stability of the roadway, and wherein 79mm is helped on a left side, the right 69mm of group; The tunnel roof and floor accumulative total amount of shifting near reaches 879mm, and wherein top board accumulative total deflection is 346mm, and the base plate accumulative total amount of heaving is 533mm.Therefore, existing support form satisfies the requirement of portion of control group, but roof deformation is bigger, need additional construction anchor pole, anchor cable to add strong supporting, and base plate should carry out certain undercover work.
The deformation observation in embodiment two, certain big lane of Nan Yiguidao, ore deposit.The big lane of Nan Yiguidao tunneling construction enters the fault population shatter belt, presses situation according to the ore deposit, tunnel under this mine simulated condition, and it is 160m that the driving of judging this tunnel influences the tunnel length I of phase.Roadway head daily footage S
0Be 5m, the survey station interval S
1Get daily footage S
05 times, be 25m.First survey station 2, middle survey station 3 and tail survey station 4 are rearward arranged in beginning respectively from distance driving face 2m place, and the survey station spacing is 25m, arranges 8 survey stations altogether.Survey station adopts conventional cross section method to install and measure, and observes 5 days, mainly observes the deflection and the deformation velocity of tunnel-surrounding.Observed result shows that tunnel two helps the shift-in amount to reach 420mm, and top end shift-in amount reaches 600mm, and tunnel two is helped deformation velocity to excavate in the tunnel to reach maximum in back second day, be 72mm/ days.Therefore, can think that common frame anchor supporting is difficult to effectively control the distortion of country rock, should take frame canopy, slip casting, combining anchor support form, and the distance that the anchor pole hysteresis of portion of group is installed must not surpass 5m.Make frame in view of the above and annotate the anchor supporting scheme, after construction a period of time, adopting uses the same method carries out deformation observation to the tunnel according to new supporting scheme, and two help the shift-in amount to be no more than 65mm, and top end shift-in amount is no more than 40mm, and the control effect is very desirable.
Claims (4)
1. multibreak Continuous Observation method of a back tunnel surrouding rock deformation rule is characterized in that:
The first survey station (2) of step 1, layout surrouding rock deformation in the about 2m scope of distance roadway head;
Step 2, arrange survey station (3) in the middle of a plurality of surrouding rock deformations at the rear of first survey station (2), a plurality of in the middle of survey station survey station spacing (S such as (3)
1) be covered with the whole tunnel driving zone of influence (I);
Step 3, in apart from the roadway surrounding rock stable region (II) of survey station (3) in the middle of last layout tail survey station (4);
Step 4, adopt the routine observation method to measure, each survey station is carried out surveying or surveying more than a day in one day one, gather a plurality of displacements of tunnel-surrounding, Continuous Observation 3～5 days can obtain reflecting the data of roadway deformation rule.
2. multibreak Continuous Observation method of back tunnel surrouding rock deformation rule according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the survey station spacing (S of described first survey station (2), middle survey station (3) and tail survey station (4)
1) identical.
3.3 multibreak Continuous Observation method of back tunnel surrouding rock deformation rule according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described survey station spacing (S
1) be roadway head daily footage (S
0) integral multiple, be about 1～5 times.
4.4 multibreak Continuous Observation method of back tunnel surrouding rock deformation rule according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described whole tunnel driving influences the length of phase (I) and is about 100～200m.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102538648A (en) * | 2012-01-10 | 2012-07-04 | 中国矿业大学 | Accurate laneway surface convergence measuring method |
| CN102589775A (en) * | 2012-01-12 | 2012-07-18 | 山东科技大学 | Method for observing appearing process of tunnel tectonic stress |
| CN102636101A (en) * | 2012-04-01 | 2012-08-15 | 河南理工大学 | Roadway surface convergence measuring method and roadway surface convergence sight scale |
| CN103954197A (en) * | 2014-05-05 | 2014-07-30 | 中国矿业大学 | Roadway surface displacement and deep displacement same-position measurement method |
| CN104833339A (en) * | 2015-04-15 | 2015-08-12 | 安徽理工大学 | Roadway cross-section stability measurement and evaluation system and roadway cross-section stability measurement evaluation method |
| CN109146142A (en) * | 2018-07-25 | 2019-01-04 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of prediction technique of stope drift active workings mine pressure impression data |
-
2009
- 2009-12-29 CN CN2009102169583A patent/CN101769708B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102538648A (en) * | 2012-01-10 | 2012-07-04 | 中国矿业大学 | Accurate laneway surface convergence measuring method |
| CN102589775A (en) * | 2012-01-12 | 2012-07-18 | 山东科技大学 | Method for observing appearing process of tunnel tectonic stress |
| CN102636101A (en) * | 2012-04-01 | 2012-08-15 | 河南理工大学 | Roadway surface convergence measuring method and roadway surface convergence sight scale |
| CN103954197A (en) * | 2014-05-05 | 2014-07-30 | 中国矿业大学 | Roadway surface displacement and deep displacement same-position measurement method |
| CN103954197B (en) * | 2014-05-05 | 2017-01-04 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of lane surface displacement, deep displacement coordination measuring method |
| CN104833339A (en) * | 2015-04-15 | 2015-08-12 | 安徽理工大学 | Roadway cross-section stability measurement and evaluation system and roadway cross-section stability measurement evaluation method |
| CN109146142A (en) * | 2018-07-25 | 2019-01-04 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of prediction technique of stope drift active workings mine pressure impression data |
| CN109146142B (en) * | 2018-07-25 | 2020-08-11 | 中国矿业大学 | Prediction method of stoping roadway mine pressure display data |
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| CN101769708B (en) | 2011-07-06 |
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