CN101767816A - Method for preparing monodisperse CdS nanocrystal - Google Patents

Method for preparing monodisperse CdS nanocrystal Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101767816A
CN101767816A CN201010039665A CN201010039665A CN101767816A CN 101767816 A CN101767816 A CN 101767816A CN 201010039665 A CN201010039665 A CN 201010039665A CN 201010039665 A CN201010039665 A CN 201010039665A CN 101767816 A CN101767816 A CN 101767816A
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cadmium
temperature
solvent
room temperature
oleic acid
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杨德仁
邹彧
李东升
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Zhejiang University ZJU
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Zhejiang University ZJU
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for preparing monodisperse cadmium sulphide nanocrystal, comprising the following steps: (1) using cadmium acetate, oleic acid and solvent or cadmium oxide, oleic acid and solvent for preparing a cadmium oleate solution; the solvent being octadecene or liquid paraffin; (2) lowering the temperature of the cadmium oleate solution to room temperature and adding sulfur powder; (3) rising the temperature of reaction solution in step (2) to 200-300 DEG C for reaction to the end; (4) stopping heating, adding ethanol for centrifugation and purification when the temperature of the reaction solution drops to room temperature, removing supernatant fluid, dispersing the precipitation in nonpolar solvent, adding ethanol for centrifugation, and repeating the process for a plurality of times to gain the end product. The cadmium sulphide nanocrystal prepared thereby has good monodispersion and uniformity, adjustable size, excellent fluorescence, and can be used in the fields of photoelectric detection, quantum dot LEDs and the like.

Description

A kind of method for preparing monodisperse CdS nanocrystal
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of monodisperse CdS nanocrystal, belong to field of semiconductor materials.
Background technology
Cadmium Sulfide is a kind of important semiconductor material, can be used for photodetector, photoelectric devices such as compound film solar cell.Along with the development of nano material and preparation of devices technology, CdS nanocrystal more and more receives publicity.When the size of CdS nanocrystal was decreased to its exciton Bohr radius (about 3nm), because quantum confined effect, it is big that the bandwidth of material becomes, and makes cadmiumsulfide quantum dot become the preferred material of blue light quantum point photodiode.When Cadmium Sulfide was used for the Window layer of compound film solar cell, the increase of bandwidth can increase its transparency at visible region, made more sunlight see through and was absorbed by the absorption layer, and was converted into electric current, thereby improved the efficient of solar cell.
At present preparing the most frequently used method of monodisperse CdS nanocrystal is hot injection method, being about to cold precursor solution is injected in the pyroreaction solvent, this process has guaranteed that the nanocrystalline forming core stage effectively separates with growth phase, thereby obtains the nanocrystalline of size homogeneous.But hot injection method requires an injection process fast, obviously can't be used for technical grade and prepare nanocrystalline.No injection method is a kind of method that is fit to prepare in a large number CdS nanocrystal, but the growth of using saturated long carbochain carboxylic acid to come the stabilized nanoscale crystalline substance in method before needs the adding forming core to trigger the reactive behavior that agent increases elemental sulfur, has increased the synthetic cost.And the high organosulfur source of reactive behavior costs an arm and a leg, and poisonous easy oxidation is so need a kind of simpler green of exploitation and can mass-produced method prepare high-quality monodisperse CdS nanocrystal.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of method for preparing monodisperse CdS nanocrystal, need not heat injection and forming core and trigger agent.
A kind of method for preparing monodisperse CdS nanocrystal comprises the steps:
(1) mixture to 100 ℃ of heating cadmium acetate, oleic acid and solvent~120 ℃ obtains water white cadmium oleate solution, vacuumizes water and acetic acid in the system of removing; Or the mixture to 200 of heated oxide cadmium, oleic acid and solvent ℃~300 ℃, insulation for some time to Cadmium oxide all dissolves, and obtains cadmium oleate solution; Cadmium acetate or Cadmium oxide and oleic mol ratio are 1: 2~1: 10; Described solvent is octadecylene or whiteruss;
(2) temperature of described cadmium oleate solution is reduced to room temperature, add the sulphur powder, the mol ratio of cadmium oleate and sulphur is 4: 1~1: 4;
(3) temperature of the reaction soln of step (2) is risen to 220 ℃~300 ℃ and react, finish to reaction;
(4) stop heating, the question response solution temperature is reduced to room temperature, adds the centrifugal purification of ethanol, removes supernatant liquor, and precipitation is dispersed in the non-polar solvent, and it is centrifugal to add ethanol again, repeats these process several times (generally more than 3 times), obtains final product.
Step (1) to operating under the argon gas stream protection atmosphere of step (3) carried out, to prevent oleic acid and the oxidation of reacting the CdS nanocrystal that obtains under the high temperature.
Described non-polar solvent is hexane, hexanaphthene, toluene or chloroform etc.
The process of preparation monodisperse CdS nanocrystal of the present invention mainly is divided into two stages, at first prepares cadmium oleate solution, it is mixed with sulphur again, is warming up to temperature of reaction.Sulphur is reduced into hydrogen sulfide by solvent (octadecylene or whiteruss) in this process, and hydrogen sulfide and cadmium oleate reaction obtain Cadmium Sulfide, and reacting initial temperature is about 220 ℃.Above-mentioned reaction conditions has guaranteed the highly homogeneous successful preparation with CdS nanocrystal of quantum confined effect of size.
The pharmaceutical chemicals that uses among the present invention is all by commercially available acquisition, and is relatively inexpensive, can be stable in the air.By in reaction system, adding oleic acid, improved the reactive behavior of cadmium salt, stablize the growth of CdS nanocrystal simultaneously, thereby avoided forming core to inspire the use of agent.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: 1) avoided forming core to inspire the use of agent, reduced synthetic cost; 2) the CdS nanocrystal size that obtains is even, and can be by changing the mol ratio between the presoma, and temperature of reaction or time are controlled, and have the big advantage of output in addition.
Description of drawings
The transmission electron microscope photo of Fig. 1 embodiment 1 CdS nanocrystal;
The absorption spectrum of Fig. 2 embodiment 1 CdS nanocrystal and fluorescent emission collection of illustrative plates;
The X ray diffracting spectrum of Fig. 3 embodiment 1 CdS nanocrystal.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
(1) with the cadmium acetate of 1 mmole, the oleic acid of 6 mmoles, 15 milliliters of octadecylenes are heated to 120 ℃, vacuumize acetic acid and the water removed in 30 minutes in the system, charge into argon gas then.(2) stop heating, treat that temperature reduces to room temperature, add the sulphur powder of 0.5 mmole.(3) temperature with reaction soln rises to 240 ℃, reacts 1 hour.(4) stop heating, the question response solution temperature is reduced to room temperature, adds the centrifugal purification of ethanol, removes supernatant liquor, will precipitate in the dispersion hexanaphthene, and it is centrifugal to add ethanol again, repeats this process 3 times, obtains final product.
Fig. 1 is the transmission electron microscope photo of synthetic CdS nanocrystal, and nanocrystalline even size distribution, mean sizes are 3.6nm.
Fig. 2 is the absorption spectrum and the fluorescent emission collection of illustrative plates of CdS nanocrystal, clearly absorption peak show nanocrystalline high quality, comprise the luminous and defect luminescence of intrinsic in the fluorescence emission spectrum.
The X ray diffracting spectrum of Fig. 3 CdS nanocrystal shows that the CdS nanocrystal that obtains by present method has the cubic zinc blende structure.
Embodiment 2:
(1) with the cadmium acetate of 1 mmole, the oleic acid of 6 mmoles, 15 milliliters of liquid heating paraffin to 120 ℃ vacuumize acetic acid and the water removed in 30 minutes in the system, charge into argon gas then.(2) stop heating, treat that temperature reduces to room temperature, add the sulphur powder of 0.5 mmole.(3) temperature with reaction soln rises to 240 ℃, reacts 1 hour.(4) stop heating, the question response solution temperature is reduced to room temperature, adds the centrifugal purification of ethanol, removes supernatant liquor, will precipitate in the dispersion hexanaphthene, and it is centrifugal to add ethanol again, repeats this process 3 times, obtains final product.Its result is similar with example 1.
Embodiment 3:
(1) with the cadmium acetate of 1 mmole, the oleic acid of 10 mmoles, 15 milliliters of octadecylenes are heated to 120 ℃, vacuumize acetic acid and the water removed in 30 minutes in the system, charge into argon gas then.(2) stop heating, treat that temperature reduces to about room temperature, add the sulphur powder of 0.5 mmole.(3) temperature with reaction soln rises to 240 ℃, reacts 1 hour.(4) stop heating, the question response solution temperature is reduced to room temperature, adds the centrifugal purification of ethanol, removes supernatant liquor, will precipitate in the dispersion hexanaphthene, and it is centrifugal to add ethanol again, repeats this process 3 times, obtains final product.Its result is similar with example 1.
Embodiment 4:
(1) with the cadmium acetate of 1 mmole, the oleic acid of 2 mmoles, 15 milliliters of octadecylenes are heated to 120 ℃, vacuumize acetic acid and the water removed in 30 minutes in the system, charge into argon gas then.(2) stop heating, treat that temperature reduces to room temperature, the sulphur powder (3) that adds 0.5 mmole rises to 240 ℃ with the temperature of reaction soln, reacts 1 hour.(4) stop heating, the question response solution temperature is reduced to room temperature, adds the centrifugal purification of ethanol, removes supernatant liquor, will precipitate in the dispersion hexanaphthene, and it is centrifugal to add ethanol again, repeats this process 3 times, obtains final product.Its result is similar with example 1.
Embodiment 5:
(1) with the cadmium acetate of 1 mmole, the oleic acid of 6 mmoles, 15 milliliters of octadecylenes are heated to 120 ℃, vacuumize acetic acid and the water removed in 30 minutes in the system, charge into argon gas then.(2) stop heating, treat that temperature reduces to about room temperature, add the sulphur powder of 0.5 mmole.(3) temperature with reaction soln rises to 300 ℃, reacts 1 hour.(4) stop heating, the question response solution temperature is reduced to room temperature, adds the centrifugal purification of ethanol, removes supernatant liquor, will precipitate in the dispersion hexanaphthene, and it is centrifugal to add ethanol again, repeats this process 3 times, obtains final product.Its result is similar with example 1.
Embodiment 6:
(1) with the cadmium acetate of 1 mmole, the oleic acid of 6 mmoles, 15 milliliters of octadecylenes are heated to 120 ℃, vacuumize acetic acid and the water removed in 30 minutes in the system, charge into argon gas then.(2) stop heating, treat that temperature reduces to room temperature, add the sulphur powder (3) of 0.25 mmole.The temperature of reaction soln is risen to 240 ℃, reacted 1 hour.(4) stop heating, the question response solution temperature is reduced to room temperature, adds the centrifugal purification of ethanol, removes supernatant liquor, will precipitate in the dispersion hexanaphthene, and it is centrifugal to add ethanol again, repeats this process 3 times, obtains final product.Its result is similar with example 1.
Embodiment 7:
(1) with the cadmium acetate of 1 mmole, the oleic acid of 6 mmoles, 15 milliliters of octadecylenes are heated to 120 ℃, vacuumize acetic acid and the water removed in 30 minutes in the system, charge into argon gas then.(2) stop heating, treat that temperature reduces to room temperature, add the sulphur powder of 2 mmoles.(3) temperature with reaction soln rises to 240 ℃, reacts 1 hour.(4) stop heating, the question response solution temperature is reduced to room temperature, adds the centrifugal purification of ethanol, removes supernatant liquor, will precipitate in the dispersion hexanaphthene, and it is centrifugal to add ethanol again, repeats this process 3 times, obtains final product.Its result is similar with example 1.
Embodiment 8:
(1) with the Cadmium oxide of 1 mmole, the oleic acid of 6 mmoles, 15 milliliters of octadecylenes are heated to 280 ℃ under argon gas, be incubated 15 minutes dissolved oxygen cadmiums.(2) stop heating, treat that temperature reduces to room temperature, add the sulphur powder of 0.5 mmole.(3) temperature with reaction soln rises to 240 ℃, reacts 1 hour.(4) stop heating, the question response solution temperature is reduced to room temperature, adds the centrifugal purification of ethanol, removes supernatant liquor, will precipitate in the dispersion hexanaphthene, and it is centrifugal to add ethanol again, repeats this process 3 times, obtains final product.Its result is similar with example 1.

Claims (3)

1. a method for preparing monodisperse CdS nanocrystal comprises the steps:
(1) mixture to 100 ℃ of heating cadmium acetate, oleic acid and solvent~120 ℃ obtains cadmium oleate solution, vacuumizes water and acetic acid in the system of removing; Or the mixture to 200 of heated oxide cadmium, oleic acid and solvent ℃~300 ℃, be incubated to Cadmium oxide and all dissolve, obtain cadmium oleate solution; Cadmium acetate or Cadmium oxide and oleic mol ratio are 1: 2~1: 10;
Described solvent is octadecylene or whiteruss;
(2) temperature of described cadmium oleate solution is reduced to room temperature, add the sulphur powder, the mol ratio of cadmium oleate and sulphur is 4: 1~1: 4;
(3) temperature of the reaction soln of step (2) is risen to 220 ℃~300 ℃ and react, finish to reaction;
(4) stop heating, the question response solution temperature is reduced to room temperature, adds the centrifugal purification of ethanol, removes supernatant liquor, and precipitation is dispersed in the non-polar solvent, and it is centrifugal to add ethanol again, and repeated several times obtains final product.
2. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that: step (1) to operating under the argon gas stream protection atmosphere of step (3) carried out.
3. the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that: described non-polar solvent is hexane, hexanaphthene, toluene or chloroform.
CN201010039665A 2010-01-12 2010-01-12 Method for preparing monodisperse CdS nanocrystal Pending CN101767816A (en)

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105776324A (en) * 2014-12-15 2016-07-20 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 Preparation method for pyridine-wrapped lead-cadmium-sulfur nano particles and product of preparation method
CN105776316A (en) * 2014-12-15 2016-07-20 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 Universal synthesis method for nanocrystals
CN106544018A (en) * 2016-11-07 2017-03-29 Tcl集团股份有限公司 The method that second heat injection method prepares Binary-phase quantum dot
CN112897575A (en) * 2019-12-03 2021-06-04 中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院 Method and structure for forming two-dimensional cadmium sulfide on substrate in large area
CN112897574A (en) * 2019-12-03 2021-06-04 中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院 Preparation method and structure of nano-particle cadmium sulfide material

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105776324A (en) * 2014-12-15 2016-07-20 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 Preparation method for pyridine-wrapped lead-cadmium-sulfur nano particles and product of preparation method
CN105776316A (en) * 2014-12-15 2016-07-20 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 Universal synthesis method for nanocrystals
CN105776324B (en) * 2014-12-15 2018-04-17 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 A kind of preparation method of lead cadmium sulphur nano particle of pyridine parcel and products thereof
CN106544018A (en) * 2016-11-07 2017-03-29 Tcl集团股份有限公司 The method that second heat injection method prepares Binary-phase quantum dot
CN106544018B (en) * 2016-11-07 2019-12-03 Tcl集团股份有限公司 The method that second heat injection method prepares Binary-phase quantum dot
CN112897575A (en) * 2019-12-03 2021-06-04 中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院 Method and structure for forming two-dimensional cadmium sulfide on substrate in large area
CN112897574A (en) * 2019-12-03 2021-06-04 中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院 Preparation method and structure of nano-particle cadmium sulfide material
WO2021109829A1 (en) * 2019-12-03 2021-06-10 中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院 Preparation method for and structure of nano-particle cadmium sulfide material

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