Background technology
Along with the continuous development of ship building industry, increasingly high to the economy and the reliability requirement of power system, constantly towards maximization, intelligent direction development.Along with the continuous development of boats and ships science and technology, ship propulsion system is also constantly released new power pattern.
And at present, fewer to the test platform of comprehensive ship propulsion system.Existing test platform is confined to single or the part power plant mostly, and builds in twentieth century eight, the nineties mostly, and function ratio is more single, and the power pattern is more outmoded, can not satisfy the requirement of current boats and ships to power system integrated technology index.
There is the defective of following each side in existing test platform for ship propulsion system:
1, aspect the experimental investigation of axle translator;
Axle translator (PTO) is a kind of power pattern of present widespread usage.Along with the development of technology, from the angle of reliability, when breakdown of main engine or main frame tractive power deficiency, but an axle translator double as electrical motor (PTI) operation.
And existing test platform is not taken into account two kinds of operational modes of PTO/PTI of a translator, and startup and the experimental investigation of system matches under the PTI pattern still is in blank to the axle translator.
2, aspect the experimental investigation of screw propeller;
Existing test platform can not be simulated the characteristic of the full operating mode of screw propeller, such as the characteristic of navigating, accelerating performance, decelerating behavior etc. well just to the propulsive characteristics research experiment of active force and driving system.
3, aspect the experimental investigation of power system vibration and noise reducing;
Along with the raising of naval vessel to traveling comfort and stealth requirement, the vibration and noise reducing of power system is more and more important.Existing test platform is confined to individual equipment mostly for the test of vibration and noise reducing; Vibration and noise reducing to whole system mainly is rule of thumb to design; Shortage is carried out necessary checking and experimental investigation to the vibration and noise reducing scheme of whole system; And existing vibration and noise reducing scheme often all is confined to single alternative, the multi-scheme Redundancy Design of shortage rigidity, single-layer partiting polarization, double-layer vibration isolating and buoyant raft vibration isolation.
And existing vibration and noise reducing scheme does not generally deal with gear case, and what generally adopt is to promote mainly into diesel engine double-layer vibration isolating, gear case hard elastics vibration isolation technique.Under this vibration isolation scheme, promote mainly between diesel engine and gear case connect driver element need satisfy bigger radially, longitudinal travel and angle compensation function, have sound insulation function preferably simultaneously, and can adjust the torsional vibration of shafting characteristic.The general at present scheme that adopts high elastic coupling and versatile spindle, but its complex structure, size and weight are big.
In addition, along with the development of drive technology, carbon fiber elastic axis technology is used gradually, but existing test platform lacks necessary verification experimental verification means to this technology.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention provides a kind of test platform for ship propulsion system, and it can satisfy the requirement of current boats and ships to power system integrated technology index.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution of test platform for ship propulsion system of the present invention is:
Comprise that two high speed diesel engines, two advance the also parallel operation gear boxes of scene 2 pattern, have the axle translator of two kinds of operational modes of PTO/PTI, conventional diesel powerplant, screw propeller analog machine, power consuming apparatus, control setup; Two high speed diesel engines pass through also, and parallel operation gear boxes is connected with the screw propeller analog machine with the axle translator respectively; High speed diesel engine, axle translator, conventional diesel powerplant, screw propeller analog machine, power consuming apparatus connect control setup respectively.
Said first high speed diesel engine through first transmission connection piece with and the first input end of parallel operation gear boxes is connected, second high speed diesel engine passes through second transmission connection piece and is connected with second input end of parallel operation gear boxes also; Said first, second transmission connection piece is a flexible gearing.Second mouth said and parallel operation gear boxes is connected with the axle translator through the 3rd transmission connection piece; Said the 3rd transmission connection piece is a hydro-viscous speed governing clutch.First mouth said and parallel operation gear boxes is connected with the screw propeller analog machine through the 4th transmission connection piece; Said the 4th transmission connection piece is a low speed high torque elasticity hitch bar.
Said first, second transmission connection piece comprises two coupler, transmission shaft respectively, and first coupler is connected with second coupler through transmission shaft; Said transmission shaft is Carbon Fiber Composite Propeller Shaft or universal coupling; And/or said first coupler is for support high elastic coupling or metal flexible coupling certainly; And/or said second coupler is the sound insulation coupler.
Said high speed diesel engine is arranged on the raft body through a plurality of upper stratas vibration isolator or stiffness bearer; The raft body is arranged on the pedestal through a plurality of lower floors vibration isolator or stiffness bearer; Said and parallel operation gear boxes is arranged on the gear case base through a plurality of hard elastics vibration isolators or stiffness bearer; The gear case base is arranged on the pedestal through a plurality of stiffness bearers or lower floor's vibration isolator.Connect through connecting crossbeam between the raft body of said two high speed diesel engines; Or the raft body of said two high speed diesel engines and gear case base connect as one through connecting crossbeam.
Said axle translator comprises two rotor AC excitation brushless motors, and said two motor coaxles connect, and the armature loop of two motors directly links to each other, and the stator winding of a motor is as main winding, and the stator winding of another motor is as the control winding.
Said screw propeller analog machine comprises thyristor current transformer, the separate excitation dynamo generator of four quadrant running; Said thyristor current transformer connects the separate excitation dynamo generator, and the separate excitation dynamo generator is provided with moment, rotating speed, electric current and voltage sensor.
The technique effect that the present invention can reach is:
The present invention is a kind of comprehensive multi-functional boats and ships propulsion system test platform, can carry out the experimental investigation of the integrated gordian technique of ship propulsion system and the verification experimental verification of aspects such as axle band reversible electric machine, diesel engine and device, power station and energy management, system's vibration and noise reducing, driver element, electric propulsion, automatic guidance.
Specifically, the present invention can carry out the experimental investigation with lower direction:
1, can carry out the research of ship diesel propulsion system ship machine slurry matching test, can simulate the characteristic that spacing slurry and roll adjustment are starched, comprise propelling, acceleration, the experimental investigation of dynamic characteristicss such as boat;
2, can carry out the experimental investigation of two (many) machines and car propelling unit (CODAD) operating characteristic;
3, can carry out the experimental investigation of a translator, comprise the experimental investigation of the aspects such as control policy under coupling under two kinds of patterns of PTO/PTI, the startup under the PTI pattern, the two kinds of patterns;
4, can carry out the experimental investigation of power system energy management;
5, can carry out the experimental investigation of many diesel-engine generator sets in parallel operation;
6, the experimental investigation of flexible driver element under diesel engine double-layer vibration isolating, the gear case hard elastics mounting condition be can carry out, low-speed big high elastic coupling, carbon fiber flexible driving device, hydro-viscous speed governing clutch etc. comprised;
7, the multivariant experimental investigation of power system vibration and noise reducing be can carry out, single-layer partiting polarization, double-layer vibration isolating, buoyant raft vibration isolation and rigidity installation etc. comprised.
The specific embodiment
Extremely shown in Figure 4 like Fig. 1; Test platform for ship propulsion system of the present invention comprises axle translator 4, screw propeller analog machine 5, control setup 6, conventional diesel powerplant 7, the power consuming apparatus 8 promoting mainly into diesel engine and parallel operation gear boxes 3, have two kinds of operational modes of PTO/PTI.
Promoting mainly into, diesel engine is two high speed diesel engines 1,2.
And parallel operation gear boxes 3 is two to advance the scene 2 pattern, promptly is provided with two power intakes, two clutch ends.Be used for two high speed diesel engines, 1,2 two-shipper and cars.
Two high speed diesel engines 1,2 pass through the power output after the also parallel operation gear boxes 3 realization parallel operations.
As shown in Figure 5, high speed diesel engine 1 through transmission connection piece 11 with and the input end A1 of parallel operation gear boxes 3 is connected, high speed diesel engine 2 passes through transmission connection piece 12 and is connected with the input end A2 of parallel operation gear boxes 3 also; And the mouth B1 of parallel operation gear boxes 3 connects with screw propeller analog machine 5 through transmission connection piece 14, and the mouth B2 of parallel operation gear boxes 3 is connected with a translator 4 through transmission connection piece 13.
Transmission connection piece 11,12 is a flexible gearing, has the function of big displacement and angle compensation.Comprise two coupler, transmission shaft, first coupler is connected with second coupler through transmission shaft.Transmission shaft is an elastic drive shaft, like Carbon Fiber Composite Propeller Shaft or universal coupling.First coupler can be from supporting high elastic coupling or metal flexible coupling.Second coupler can be the sound insulation coupler.Be used for Torsional Vibration for Drive System of Tracklayer is carried out FMAM from the supporting high elastic coupling, Carbon Fiber Composite Propeller Shaft satisfies each to the bit shift compensation function, and it is the sound-deadened requirement that the sound insulation coupler satisfies axle.
Diesel engine 1,2 and and parallel operation gear boxes 3 and parallel operation gear boxes 3 and axle translator 4 and also reserve installing space between parallel operation gear boxes 3 and the screw propeller analog machine 5.
Transmission connection piece 13 is a high elastic coupling, like hydro-viscous speed governing clutch.Hydro-viscous speed governing clutch can make diesel engine in constant speed and certain speed range, realize the constant speed generation of axle translator.Hydro-viscous speed governing clutch relies on liquid viscosity and oil-shear effect transferring power, torque and adjusting rotating speed, possesses the ability of infinite speed variation in 0~100% input speed scope in theory, can be with slippage work for a long time, but high efficiency does not have the slippage operation yet; Can use as power divider (PTO), with host machine part power division axle translator.After hydro-viscous speed governing clutch adopts electric liquid close-loop feedback control technology, have good performances such as the speed governing response is rapid, adjusting speed accuracy height.
The present invention is installed hydro-viscous speed governing clutch additional at axle translator 4 front ends, can guarantee that a translator 4 (electrical motor) is with constant rotating speed operation.
Transmission connection piece 14 is a low speed high torque elasticity hitch bar.
Input end A1 connects input shaft Z1 through hydraulic coupler L1, and input shaft Z1 is connected with an axle Z3 through forward clutch C12 and reverse clutch C34, and axle Z3 passes through gear C 6 and is connected output shaft Z6 connection mouth B1 with output shaft Z6 with engagement between the gear C 5.Input end A2 connects input shaft Z2 through hydraulic coupler L2, and input shaft Z2 is connected output shaft Z4 connection mouth B2 through gear C 9 with engagement between the gear C 10 with output shaft Z4; Simultaneously axle Z2 is connected with a Z5 with engagement between the gear C 8 through gear C 9, and a Z5 is through the output shaft Z6 that is connected with a joggle between gear C 7 and the gear C 5.
The present invention adopts hydraulic coupler L1, L2 conduct and car clutching member; Two input end A1, A2 are with hydraulic coupler L1, L2 respectively; Be with two cover power-transfer clutch C12 and C34 with high speed diesel engine 1 bonded assembly input shaft Z1, through the row of running in/take off can realize and parallel operation gear boxes 3 output shafts are positive car and the reversing of control clutch C12, C34; The row of running in/take off of the hydro-viscous speed governing clutch 13 through controlling two cover hydraulic coupler L1, L2 and axle translator 4 ends can realize different transmission schemes.Therefore also parallel operation gear boxes 3 can realize various working, like unit work, two-shipper and car, reversing, PTO, PTI etc.The present invention can guarantee the failure-free sharing of load and also car is stable.
The present invention through and parallel operation gear boxes 3 in the running in and take off row and can realize following power scheme of hydro-viscous speed governing clutch of hydraulic coupler L1, L2, reversible clutch C12, C34 and axle translator 4:
1, hydraulic coupler L1 and hydraulic coupler L2 are oil-filled, and forward clutch C12 engages, and hydro-viscous speed governing clutch engages, two-shipper and car takeoff output, axle translator 4 generatings simultaneously;
2, hydraulic coupler L1 and hydraulic coupler L2 are oil-filled, and forward clutch C12 engages, and hydro-viscous speed governing clutch does not engage, two-shipper and car takeoff output, and axle translator 4 does not generate electricity;
3, hydraulic coupler L1 is oil-filled, and hydraulic coupler L2 is not oil-filled, and forward clutch C12 engages, and hydro-viscous speed governing clutch engages, unit takeoff output, axle translator 4 generatings simultaneously;
4, hydraulic coupler L1 is oil-filled, and hydraulic coupler L2 is not oil-filled, and forward clutch C12 engages, and hydro-viscous speed governing clutch does not engage, the unit takeoff output, and axle translator 4 does not generate electricity;
5, hydraulic coupler L1 is oil-filled, and hydraulic coupler L2 is not oil-filled, and forward clutch C12 throws off, and reverse clutch C34 engages, and hydro-viscous speed governing clutch does not engage, the output of unit astern rating, and axle translator 4 does not generate electricity;
6, hydraulic coupler L1 and hydraulic coupler L2 are not oil-filled, and hydro-viscous speed governing clutch engages, the input of axle translator 4 electrical motors (PTI) power.
The function that axle translator 4 is taken into account shaft generator (PTO) and electrical motor (PTI) can realize reversible alternative electric generation.
Axle translator 4 comprises two rotor AC excitation brushless motors, and two motor coaxles connect, and the armature loop of two motors directly links to each other, and a stator winding is as main winding; Another stator winding is as the control winding.
For realizing the self-starting of axle translator 4 the time as electrical motor operation (PTI); Axle translator 4 of the present invention adopts rotor AC excitation brushless motor; Its main rotor and exciter rotor winding are without collating elements and direct connection; When the electric operation self-starting, can easily main excitation winding be passed through suitable resistor short circuit, solve the problem that master's excitation winding was damaged by high electrical breakdown easily when axle translator rotor master excitation winding when asynchronous starting produced plugging moment and starting well, main rotor of the present invention is a damping winding; Both can realize the underloading self-starting of motor, can guarantee the reliability service of a translator again.
Because the wound-rotor induction facility have good startup and drive ability, and can realize multiple operation scheme such as asynchronous, synchronous and doubly-fed adjustable speed, going simultaneously to have disappeared has brush configuration.So not only improve serviceability, and reduced maintenance cost.
Axle translator 4 is connected with frequency converter, can realize that a translator 4 carries out variable-speed operation under the PTI pattern, and the amount of capacity of this frequency converter is consistent with the speed adjustable range of electrical motor.
Screw propeller analog machine 5 is the dynamo generator test dynamometer, comprises thyristor current transformer, separate excitation dynamo generator and moment, rotating speed, electric current and the voltage sensor of four quadrant running.
Transmission connection piece 14 connects thyristor current transformer through thrust baring 9.
Screw propeller analog machine 5 of the present invention can be simulated propeller characteristic, takes into account the propulsive characteristics that roll adjustment slurry and spacing are starched, and can carry out the simulation of propeller characteristic under the operating modes such as screw propeller advances, falls back, variable pitch; Screw propeller analog machine 5 has the characteristic of four quadrant running, can realize that electric feedback is to electrical network.
Like Fig. 2, shown in Figure 6, two high speed diesel engines 1,2 are arranged at separately independently on the raft body 22 through 4 upper strata vibration isolators 21 respectively, and raft body 22 is installed on the pedestal 10 through 6 lower floor's vibration isolators 23.Connect through connecting crossbeam 17 between the raft body 22 of two high speed diesel engines 3.Be connected through connecting crossbeam 18,19 between the raft body 22 of two high speed diesel engines and the gear case base 26.
And parallel operation gear boxes 3 is installed in independently on the gear case base 26 through 6 hard elastics vibration isolators 24, and gear case base 26 is installed on the pedestal through 6 stiffness bearers 25.
Of the present invention and parallel operation gear boxes 3 has adopted the vibration isolation scheme of hard elastics, and connecting between the axle system of parallel operation gear boxes 3 and screw propeller analog machine 5 adopts low speed high torque elasticity hitch bar, can realize big bit shift compensation function.
Of the present invention and parallel operation gear boxes 3 be a double-layer vibration isolating with high speed diesel engine 1,2, and vibration isolation way is redundancy, through can also realize the kinds of schemes such as rigidity, individual layer and double-layer vibration isolating of diesel engine 1,2 with the stiffness bearer replacement vibration isolator of same-interface size.Through realizing little buoyant raft and big buoyant raft vibration isolation scheme with raft body 22 that connects two high speed diesel engines of crossbeam connection and gear case base 26.
1, adopts lower floor's vibration isolator 23 of the stiffness bearer replacement high speed diesel engine 1,2 of same-interface size; The raft body 22 that is high speed diesel engine is installed on the pedestal through 6 stiffness bearers, can realize the vibration isolation scheme that two high speed diesel engines, 1,2 single-layer partiting polarizations and parallel operation gear boxes 3 hard elastics are installed.
2, adopt the stiffness bearer of same-interface size to replace the also hard elastics vibration isolator 24 of parallel operation gear boxes 3; Promptly also parallel operation gear boxes 3 is installed on the gear case base 26 through 6 stiffness bearers, can realize the vibration isolation scheme that two high speed diesel engines, 1,2 double-layer vibration isolatings and parallel operation gear boxes 3 rigidity are installed.
3, adopt lower floor's vibration isolator 23 of the stiffness bearer replacement high speed diesel engine 1,2 of same-interface size; The stiffness bearer of same-interface size replaces the also hard elastics vibration isolator 24 of parallel operation gear boxes 3; The raft body 22 that is high speed diesel engine 1,2 is installed on the pedestal through 6 stiffness bearers; And parallel operation gear boxes 3 is installed on the gear case base 26 through 6 stiffness bearers, can realize the vibration isolation scheme that two high speed diesel engines, 1,2 single-layer partiting polarizations and parallel operation gear boxes 3 rigidity are installed.
4, through connecting crossbeam 17 the raft body 22 of two high speed diesel engines 1,2 is connected into a little buoyant raft, rigidity or elastomeric mounting are on raft body 22 as required for every high speed diesel engine 1,2, and raft body 22 is installed on the pedestal through lower floor's vibration isolator 23.And parallel operation gear boxes 3 as required can hard elastics or rigidity be installed on the gear case base 26.Can realize two little buoyant raft vibration isolation of diesel engine, gear case rigidity or hard elastics installation.
5, through connecting crossbeam 17,18,19 the raft body 22 and the gear case base 26 of two high speed diesel engines 1,2 is connected into a big buoyant raft; And parallel operation gear boxes 3 is installed on the gear case base 26 through stiffness bearer; Gear case base 26 is installed on the pedestal through lower floor's vibration isolator, can realize two high speed diesel engines and also parallel operation gear boxes 3 big buoyant raft vibration isolation.
Two high speed diesel engines 1,2 of the present invention adopt double-layer vibration isolating, and parallel operation gear boxes 3 employing hard elastics vibration isolation, and axle translator 4 is that rigidity is installed, and plays the effect of vibration and noise reducing through above measure.
High speed diesel engine 1,2, conventional diesel powerplant 7, and screw propeller analog machine 5 be connected to control setup 6 through control cable respectively.Realize the concentrated monitoring and the control of system through control setup 6.
Control setup 6 is a central control console, calculates the torque on the prop shaft and gives thyristor current transformer according to the rotating speed of driving motor, the motion conditions of ship machine slurry model.Thyristor current transformer control electrical generator produces this torque and feeds back to the mode of operation of the electrical usage active inversion that is sent in the AC network.If do not need the electric energy feedback grid, can utilize ohmic load consumption in addition.
The present invention is provided with the conventional diesel powerplant 7 of a cover, and axle translator 4 can be incorporated into the power networks with diesel powerplant 7, and can carry out sharing of load through energy management system; Diesel powerplant 7 generating is through power cable supply shaft translator (PTI pattern), through and parallel operation gear boxes 3 drive screw propeller analog machines 5, realize the function of electric propulsion.
Switching arrangement of the present invention comprise a translator control panel 40, conventional diesel-engine generator control panel 70, load screen 80 and car and female screen 20, screw propeller analog machine control panel 50 etc. of joining, and axle is sent out system, generator set, screw propeller analog machine 5 and all kinds of loads (resistance, reactance, electric capacity etc.) connect.Because power system demonstration and verification platform has adopted axle translator 4, it has electrical generator and two kinds of different working patterns of electrical motor, has designed the change-over swith of two kinds of patterns for this reason at axle translator control panel 40, and has had interlock.
As shown in Figure 1; Two high speed diesel engines 1,2 connect through power cable and car and female screen 20 that joins; Conventional diesel powerplant 7 connects conventional diesel-generator set control screen 70 through power cable; Axle translator 4 is through power cable adapter shaft translator control panel 40, and screw propeller analog machine 5 is through power cable connecting bolt oar analog machine control panel 50, and power consuming apparatus 8 connects load screen 80 through power cable.Each control panel links to each other through feeder panel.
Monitored control system of the present invention comprises parts such as the monitoring of diesel engine two-shipper joint operating device, generator set (diesel oil, axle band) monitoring, load monitoring, and every part is formed by control, monitoring and safety system, and wherein control, safety system work alone each other.
The core network on upper strata is an EPA; It is network center with the central station of floating dock, connects each monitor terminal (mark shows platform, gateway etc.) of local and central station of floating dock, forms the redundant Fast Ethernet network of dual loop redundancy or monocycle; Scheme drawing adopts the monocycle form; Can adopt the dicyclo scheme according to the actual requirements, realize integrated management and data shared of network, be integrated in functions such as equipment status parameter monitoring and transmission, equipment operation control, safety guard-safeguard in the overall network framework.
Lower floor's network is the CAN fieldbus networks of redundant (but Dan Keshuan).Control is very high to the requirement of reliability and real-time because two-shipper joint operating device and generator set are incorporated into the power networks, so this programme forms two independently redundant fieldbus networks respectively with it, passes through gateway more separately and links to each other with upper layer network.
Breadboard electric energy management is accomplished by PMS (electric energy management system), and the utilization of PMS can realize the flexible tissue and the economical operation of laboratory electric energy under various operating condition of test.PMS is made up of following functional module: data acquisition module, intelligent decision module, control module, demonstration and configuration module.