CN101763574A - Historic building conservation technical information management system and method based on domain knowledge - Google Patents
Historic building conservation technical information management system and method based on domain knowledge Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a historic building conservation technical information management system and a method based on domain knowledge, which aim to solve the problems that electronic data are numerous but knowledge is little in the historic building conservation process. The system comprises six parts: a data management unit, a historic building conservation knowledge base, a historic building conservation database, a historic building conservation knowledge management platform, an outside knowledge service unit, a data index unit and the like. The method comprises the following steps that: a knowledge engineer constructs a historic building conservation domain knowledge base; a historic building conservation worker uploads structured data and unstructured data to the historic building conservation database in different ways according to the domain knowledge classification and manages the data; and historic building conservation knowledge retrieval services based on WebService are provided for the public by adopting a mode of the free combination of elementary knowledge services. The invention can effectively utilize the knowledge of the historic building conservation field to increase the use efficiency of large amount of existing historic building conservation technical relevant data and information, thereby creating generous economic benefits for the industry.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the conservation of historic buildings field, be specifically related to a kind of for the historic building conservation technical infosystem, based on the method and system of the historic building conservation technical information management of domain knowledge.
Background technology
Ancient building is the cultural interdependent of the whole mankind, the treasure that left over by history gets off, it is the important carrier of various materials, immaterial factor in the historical rudiment, the track of we being familiar with history, understanding forefathers has incomparable significant values, be exactly in contemporary society, its tourism, brand, economic aspect that derives from fields such as history, culture, art, science, religion and these fields is all containing outstanding generally value.When the ancient building as a city part, they are solidifying of city, are the significant symbols that a city is different from other cities, are the representatives of regional culture, are the souls in city.
In the face of expanding economy, the using and developing under the driving of economic interests of ancient building, scope not section enlarges, and the sustainability of ancient building is used and is being suffered stern challenge.Ancient building protection problem in use seems outstanding all the more.Especially in China, populous, ancient building mostly is wooden structures again, is difficult for protection, the difficulty and the responsibility that have increased protection more and repaired.
Along with the fast development of the development of infotech, particularly network technology and extensive knowledge processing technology, for conservation of historic buildings provides favourable technology and instrument support.
In recent years, along with the startup of a plurality of information-based projects in culture protection field, infotech obtains the approval of industry for the vital role in ancient architecture protection field.The development of numeral close shot measuring technique, laser three-dimensional scanning measurement and virtual reality technology has realized measurement, digital protection and the recovery of ancient building also under the prerequisite that does not contact historical relic; The foundation in online museum etc. has effectively increased the exhibition frequency of China's ancient building, has obtained good cultural spreading effect.These projects have also been brought the lot of data storehouse simultaneously, have accumulated the data message of the T order of magnitude.
But, current in the information work that carry out in the ancient building field, do not embody relevance and behind tacit knowledge content between the data as yet.Concrete user often faces the quagmire of " data are a lot, and knowledge seldom ".In the face of magnanimity information, historical relic's protection work presses for the support of knowledge.There is the multiple form of expression the present semantic aspect of the endosome of knowledge, i.e. sound, image, video, literal etc., and the transmission of knowledge form can be by means of Web and TCP/IP technology.Therefore, be the pattern of KOD (Knowledge On Demand) future, and promptly " anyone from any place, can obtain the knowledge of any pattern at any time." information management has become an important directions of infotech intelligent development, is one of method of the generally accepted processing mass data of present scientific research personnel.
Summary of the invention
For giving full play to the powerful effect of infotech in the conservation of historic buildings field; solve the utilization rate use quagmire on the low side of " mass data; knowledge scarcity ", mass data at present; further excavate and use relevant knowledge in the ancient architecture protection field; promote the research of conservation of historic buildings knowledge; utilize the information management technology, the various knowledge in arrangement conservation of historic buildings field the present invention proposes a kind of historic building conservation technical information management system and method based on domain knowledge.
In order to reach described purpose, one aspect of the present invention has proposed the historic building conservation technical information management system based on domain knowledge, and its technical scheme is as follows:
Having the conservation of historic buildings knowledge base is connected with conservation of historic buildings knowledge base management platform, be used to store the conservation of historic buildings knowledge that the semantic classification standard can be provided for conservation of historic buildings information, limit the technical term in conservation of historic buildings field, the relation between the description technical term, the reasoning from logic function is provided; Can C/S structure or B/S structure between conservation of historic buildings information management platform and the conservation of historic buildings knowledge base;
Conservation of historic buildings information management platform is connected with the knowledge engineer, the workbench of management conservation of historic buildings knowledge base is provided for the knowledge engineer, except that the knowledge engineer made amendment to the content in the conservation of historic buildings knowledge base by conservation of historic buildings knowledge base management platform, other staff and unit all can not be changed the content of conservation of historic buildings knowledge base;
Data Management Unit is communicated with conservation of historic buildings database bi-directional data, and data directory unit and conservation of historic buildings knowledge base play booster action to the exchanges data between data administrative unit and the conservation of historic buildings database; Data Management Unit can only change the content in the conservation of historic buildings database, can not change the content of conservation of historic buildings knowledge base, data directory unit and other parts, Data Management Unit utilizes the Double Data index in the data directory unit to provide ancient building information semantic query function for the conservation of historic buildings worker; Simultaneously, Data Management Unit sends conservation of historic buildings worker's Query Information, supervisory instruction and the structuring unstructured data of uploading to the conservation of historic buildings database;
The conservation of historic buildings worker is connected with Data Management Unit, the numerical information relevant with conservation of historic buildings is classified, through behind the semantic tagger with data upload to the conservation of historic buildings database; The conservation of historic buildings worker revises the relevant numerical information of conservation of historic buildings by the Data Management Unit additions and deletions;
Externally the knowledge services unit links to each other with the knowledge data library unit that contains conservation of historic buildings knowledge base, data directory unit and conservation of historic buildings database, form with WebService externally provides distributed knowledge, data query service, receive common user's query requests, from conservation of historic buildings knowledge base, data directory unit and conservation of historic buildings database, obtain data and knowledge, return to common user; Externally the content in conservation of historic buildings database, conservation of historic buildings knowledge base, the data directory unit can not be revised in the knowledge services unit.
Preferably, described data directory unit links to each other with the conservation of historic buildings database with the conservation of historic buildings knowledge base, and the domain knowledge that the conservation of historic buildings digital information that the conservation of historic buildings worker is uploaded utilizes the conservation of historic buildings knowledge base to provide forms the Double Data index.
Preferably, described conservation of historic buildings database contains separate ancient building structured message database, conservation of historic buildings unstructured information database and conservation of historic buildings structural remodeling information database; By the conservation of historic buildings knowledge base that ancient building structured message database, conservation of historic buildings unstructured information database and conservation of historic buildings structural remodeling information database is interrelated; Provide the semantic label index by the conservation of historic buildings knowledge base for ancient building structured message database, conservation of historic buildings unstructured information database and conservation of historic buildings structural remodeling information database, semantic label has determined the classification of Data in ancient building structured message database, conservation of historic buildings unstructured information database and the conservation of historic buildings structural remodeling information database; Semantic label and the semantic classification of utilizing the conservation of historic buildings knowledge base to provide, and the data that provide of conservation of historic buildings unstructured information database, through falling ordering related with semantic label, the formation semantic indexing is stored in the data directory unit;
Ancient building structured message database is used for storing the relevant conservation of historic buildings numeric data of concrete ancient building monomer of storing with the conservation of historic buildings knowledge base, wherein comprises damaged prospecting information at least;
Ancient building unstructured information database is used for depositing various electronic data files such as the literal relevant with the conservation of historic buildings of building protection knowledge base, picture, audio frequency and video; Wherein, the data file of storage is according to classifying to the representation of knowledge in ancient architecture protection field in the conservation of historic buildings knowledge base, and each data file all has semantic label; For the data directory unit provides the needed data message that sorts;
Conservation of historic buildings three-dimensional structure information database is used for depositing the three-dimensional structure information of the related ancient building monomer of conservation of historic buildings knowledge base.
Preferably, described Double Data index comprises that key word falls ranking index and semantic label category index two parts; Whole e-sourcings in the conservation of historic buildings unstructured data storehouse are obtained Word message carry out key word and fall ordering, form key word and fall ranking index; The semantic label that forms when utilizing Data Management Unit management conservation of historic buildings unstructured data according to the conservation of historic buildings staff simultaneously; carry out cluster according to classification under the information of conservation of historic buildings knowledge base mark, forming with semantic label and semantic classes is the semantic label category index of index.
Preferably, described form with WebService externally provides distributed knowledge, the data query service, these services specifically comprise: by the service of keyword lookup relevant knowledge node, service by attribute query knowledge node or notion, the path query service of knowledge node, the father node inquiry service of knowledge node, the brotgher of node inquiry service of knowledge node, knowledge node member's child node inquiry service, knowledge node set membership child node inquiry service, the all properties inquiry service of knowledge node, the particular community inquiry service of knowledge node, the data check service of knowledge node, the data check service of particular type.
In order to reach described purpose, second aspect present invention proposes the historic building conservation technical information management method based on domain knowledge, and this approaches to IM comprises that step is as follows:
Step S1: the knowledge engineer is after the relation on attributes of analyzing composition between related key concept in historic building conservation technical field and relative words, the notion, inheritance, notion, based on generic term (generic concept), utilize conservation of historic buildings knowledge base management platform construction field term (ontology), form the domain knowledge classification foundation;
Step S2: the conservation of historic buildings worker comprises data is uploaded, inquires about, deleted and revise by the relevant information data of Data Management Unit management conservation of historic buildings;
Step S3: the data directory unit regularly falls ranking index and semantic label category index according to conservation of historic buildings knowledge base and conservation of historic buildings data of database establishment key word, provides index for the operation of conservation of historic buildings staff by Data Management Unit inquiry conservation of historic buildings knowledge and information data simultaneously;
Step S4: the domestic consumer of conservation of historic buildings knowledge and information is by externally showing service unit retrieval conservation of historic buildings knowledge and relevant information data.
Preferably, the concrete steps of this data upload are:
Obtain conservation of historic buildings domain knowledge base domain knowledge classificating knowledge tree from the conservation of historic buildings knowledge base, browse the classification situation;
Step a): select or retrieve classification or the ancient building monomer title of required information of managing data under on knowledge tree;
Step b): judge whether to be structural data,, upload structural data to the conservation of historic buildings database if unstructured data is then filled in the structural data form according to the structural data of selected ancient building in the conservation of historic buildings knowledge base; If not unstructured data, fill in, delete or revise the essential information of unstructured data, the file type of unstructured data, through for after unstructured data increase, exporting or regenerate semantic label, in the conservation of historic buildings database, upgrade unstructured data, essential information and semantic label;
Step c): if all structural datas of ancient building monomer; then fill in successively according to the structural data form of the ancient building monomer of storing in the conservation of historic buildings knowledge base; fill in finish after, in the conservation of historic buildings database, upgrade the relevant structural data of ancient building monomer.
Preferably, described generative semantics label can be divided into craft, semi-hand and automatic three types; Wherein:
(1) manual generative semantics label is: conservation of historic buildings worker artificial selection waits to manage the affiliated classification of associated documents, fills in semantic label according to file content; Afterwards, Data Management Unit 2 belongs to classification with file and its and semantic label stores in the conservation of historic buildings unstructured information database simultaneously;
(2) the generative semantics label is automatically:
Step S31: the conservation of historic buildings associated documents of intending operation are carried out literal extract, obtain the Word message that wherein contains;
Step S32: Chinese is carried out participle, obtain vocabulary, remove after the stop-word, the vocabulary that will have substantive significance is converted into the notion mapping;
Step S33:, this document is carried out text classification to be foundation to ancient building classification that information is divided in the conservation of historic buildings knowledge base 5;
Step S34: with classified text and affiliated classification association store, finish " division semantic classes " operation, extract, finish the operation of " extraction semantic label " to key contained in this document;
Step S35: the semantic classes that obtained and semantic label merged to remove recast be net result, in conservation of historic buildings unstructured data storehouse, upgrade conservation of historic buildings associated documents, the semantic classes that belongs to and the semantic label of intending operation;
After semi-hand generative semantics label is step S31, S32, S33 and the S34 that carries out in the method for automatic generative semantics label; obtain to intend the affiliated classification of conservation of historic buildings information and the semantic label of operation; after artificial the correction, in conservation of historic buildings unstructured data storehouse, upgrade conservation of historic buildings associated documents, the semantic classes that belongs to and the semantic label of intending operation through step S35.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: the system and method in the conservation of historic buildings field that information management is incorporated into that the present invention proposes; can effectively improve the utilization rate of data; the various implicit knowledge that contain mining data inside; can help to solve the difficult point of historic building conservation technical and the solution of traditional handicraft urgent need; focus and bottleneck problem; improve ancient architecture protection and informationalized technical merit of historical relic's protection and ability; form ancient architecture resist technology system with Chinese characteristics, thereby the technical development that promotes Ancient Times in China building and other historical relic's protection field brings abundanter economy return.
Under the background of kownledge economy fast development, it is the brand-new developing stage of main means that the present invention will help ancient civilization legacy protection work is brought into network interdynamic, knowledge services.By conservation of historic buildings knowledge hierarchy involved in the present invention and service can derive as online ancient building knowledge browse, multiple electronic product such as ancient building network museum, pass through simultaneously after the digitizing of historical relic showpiece, can make historical relic break away from the historical relic body, and then minimizing is to the use of historical relic body, improve historical relic and put on display frequency, also help reducing loss historical relic; Has huge economic benefit.Simultaneously; on basis based on the historic building conservation technical information management system of domain knowledge; can set up conservation of historic buildings knowledge network classroom instruction, online ancient building culture and application corresponding such as knowledge is browsed, ancient building knowledge retrieval and service; help strengthening popular protection consciousness to ancient building; enhancing has the huge social benefit to the ability that the ancient building expert on historical relics provides knowledge services.In general, the present invention not only has good economic outlook, has good social benefit more.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of the historic building conservation technical information management system based on domain knowledge;
Fig. 2 is a kind of conservation of historic buildings database structure synoptic diagram of the historic building conservation technical information management system based on domain knowledge;
Fig. 3 is a kind of data uploading method process flow diagram of the historic building conservation technical information management method based on domain knowledge;
Fig. 4 is a kind of method flow diagram of the automatic and semi-automatic generative semantics label of unstructured information of the historic building conservation technical information management method based on domain knowledge;
Fig. 5 is a kind of conservation of historic buildings knowledge base structure synoptic diagram of the historic building conservation technical information management system based on domain knowledge;
Fig. 6 is the composition synoptic diagram of knowledge tree in a kind of conservation of historic buildings knowledge base of the historic building conservation technical information management system based on domain knowledge;
Fig. 7 is a kind of structural data storage organization synoptic diagram of the historic building conservation technical information management system based on domain knowledge;
Fig. 8 is a kind of ancient architecture resist technology knowledge tree example of the historic building conservation technical information management system based on domain knowledge;
Fig. 9 is a kind of method flow synoptic diagram of the historic building conservation technical information management method based on domain knowledge.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with legend a kind of concrete composition of historic building conservation technical information management system and the concrete using method based on domain knowledge that proposes among the present invention explained.Should be noted that process described herein only is for the operating position of the present invention in some application is described, is in order more clearly to be familiar with and to understand the present invention, rather than limitation of the present invention.
One, system forms
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of the historic building conservation technical information management system based on domain knowledge, as shown in the figure: based on the historic building conservation technical information management system of domain knowledge by Data Management Unit 6, conservation of historic buildings knowledge base 5, conservation of historic buildings database 4, conservation of historic buildings knowledge base management platform 2, externally six parts such as knowledge services unit 9, data directory unit 10 are formed.
The effect of Data Management Unit 6 is: conservation of historic buildings worker 7 passes through Data Management Unit, foundation 6 is from the classificating knowledge of the conservation of historic buildings information of conservation of historic buildings knowledge base 5 acquisitions, user data is classified, through behind the semantic tagger with data upload to conservation of historic buildings database 4; Data Management Unit 6 relies on data directory unit 10, conservation of historic buildings knowledge base 5 and conservation of historic buildings database 4 to provide semantic query function at ancient building information for conservation of historic buildings worker 7; Conservation of historic buildings worker 7 revises all related datas in editor's conservation of historic buildings database 4 by Data Management Unit 6 additions and deletions.Data Management Unit 6 can provide multiple retrieval mode, and it can carry out knowledge according to classification and browse according to the knowledge classification in the conservation of historic buildings knowledge base 5, and the demonstration various data relevant with the target knowledge node; Can also the input inquiry statement, the semantic indexing that provides according to data directory unit 10 directly retrieves relevant electronic data resource etc. with key word index.In use; when conservation of historic buildings worker 7 when Data Management Unit 6 sends query requests; Data Management Unit 6 is according to the difference of user's request; from conservation of historic buildings knowledge base 5, return relevant knowledge; the index function that relies on data directory unit 10 to provide, the data that find in the conservation of historic buildings database 4 are returned.When conservation of historic buildings worker 7 when Data Management Unit 6 sends the order of increase, modification or deleted data information; various data in the Data Management Unit 6 direct control conservation of historic buildings databases 4; index is regrouped according to predefined mechanism (for example increment index or index again) in data directory unit 10.
The effect of conservation of historic buildings knowledge base 5 is: be used to store the relevant knowledge of this area, limit the technical term in conservation of historic buildings field, the relation between the description technical term, the reasoning from logic function is provided; For the information data of conservation of historic buildings provides the semantic classification foundation.As shown in Figure 5, conservation of historic buildings knowledge base 5 can be divided into four parts such as named entity storehouse, conceptual base, synonym conceptual base, knowledge tree.Conceptual base is used for storing the professional notion in public key concept, the conservation of historic buildings field etc.; The named entity storehouse is used for storing the name relevant with conservation of historic buildings, place name, mechanism's name etc.; The synonym conceptual base is used for two notions of paired storage same meaning; Knowledge tree is used for storing in the ancient architecture protection field description to the level partial ordering relation of related notion.Wherein, conceptual base is the basis of synonym conceptual base, named entity storehouse and knowledge tree.
The effect of conservation of historic buildings database 4 is: the relevant digital information of storage historic building conservation technical.
The effect of conservation of historic buildings information management platform 2 is: the workbench that management conservation of historic buildings knowledge base is provided for knowledge engineer 1.Functions such as historic building conservation technical knowledge hierarchy maintenance are provided, specifically are meant: use this management platform, can definition, additions and deletions, modification describe ancient architecture specialized vocabulary related notion; Use knowledge tree to describe the ancient architecture domain knowledge, and have functions such as renewal, additions and deletions notion and knowledge tree; Simultaneity factor can be calculated semantic distance between notion, knowledge node and the nodal community automatically, carry out knowledge consistency desired result etc.; This management platform provides good User Interface, and knowledge engineer 1 is by system's page browsing, inquiry or revise the knowledge base content, after knowledge engineer 1 revises data, inquire about or more the result of new database return to the user by user interface.
The effect of data directory unit 10 is: the digital information that conservation of historic buildings worker 7 is uploaded forms data directory according to semantic tagger in the upload procedure and semantic classification.Described knowledge data library unit 3 is positioned at server end, and can make the C/S structure with Data Management Unit 6, conservation of historic buildings knowledge base management platform 5 also can be the B/S structure.The data directory unit 10 that described knowledge data library unit 3 contains links to each other with conservation of historic buildings database 4 with conservation of historic buildings knowledge base 5, and the domain knowledge that the conservation of historic buildings digital information that conservation of historic buildings worker 7 is uploaded utilizes conservation of historic buildings knowledge base 5 to provide forms the Double Data index.
Fig. 2 is a kind of conservation of historic buildings database structure synoptic diagram of the historic building conservation technical information management system based on domain knowledge; as shown in Figure 2, conservation of historic buildings database 4 concrete forming by ancient building structured message database 11, conservation of historic buildings unstructured information database 12 and conservation of historic buildings three-dimensional structure information database 13.Separate between ancient building structured message database 11, conservation of historic buildings unstructured information database 12, the conservation of historic buildings three-dimensional structure information database 13, interrelated by conservation of historic buildings knowledge base 5.Conservation of historic buildings knowledge base 5 provides the semantic label index for ancient building structured message database 11, conservation of historic buildings unstructured information database 12, conservation of historic buildings three-dimensional structure information database 13, and semantic label has determined the classification of Data in ancient building structured message database 11, conservation of historic buildings unstructured information database 12, the conservation of historic buildings three-dimensional structure information database 13; Conservation of historic buildings knowledge base 5 provides semantic label and conservation of historic buildings unstructured information database 12 that data are provided, and is related with semantic label through falling to sort, and forms semantic indexing, is stored in the data directory unit 10.
Wherein, ancient building structured message database 11 is used for storing the relevant conservation of historic buildings numeric data of concrete ancient building monomer of storing with conservation of historic buildings knowledge base (5), comprises damaged prospecting information at least.Structural data (that each is jumped as the sets of brackets on top of the columns of wooden formula structure and sets of brackets on top of the columns is damaged, length, highly, title, numbering etc.) because of itself possessing the good data structure, so directly be stored in the database.Especially, structured message in storing process, take from bottom to top, make up database according to the component relationship of ancient building.With wooden building (as shown in Figure 7) is example, in database, each hop-information of sets of brackets on top of the columns is formed sets of brackets on top of the columns information, sets of brackets on top of the columns information, purlin information, pillar information are formed the requisite composition data that wooden formula makes up and wood seat prospecting information makes up as wooden formula, the wood formula makes up, wooden formula planar structure compositing monomer building, and single building and structuring MSDS summary table interrelate.
Conservation of historic buildings three-dimensional structure information database 13 is used for depositing the related single building of conservation of historic buildings knowledge base 5 and the three-dimensional structure information of member.Three-dimensional structure information includes but not limited to the three-dimensional artificial data of ancient building monomer, the picture that three-dimensional artificial relates to etc.
As shown in Figure 1; the two links to each other data directory unit 10 and conservation of historic buildings knowledge base 5, conservation of historic buildings unstructured data storehouse 12; it utilizes the semantic label of each file correspondence in various e-sourcing comprised in the conservation of historic buildings unstructured information database 12 literal and the upload procedure, forms with keyword and the common Double Data index that uses of semantic label.
The Double Data index of storage comprises that key word falls ranking index and semantic label category index two parts in data directory unit 10.Whole e-sourcings in the conservation of historic buildings unstructured data storehouse 12 obtain Word message to carry out key word and falls ordering, forms key word and falls ranking index; The semantic label that forms when managing the conservation of historic buildings unstructured datas according to conservation of historic buildings staff 7 by Data Management Unit 6 carries out cluster according to classification under the information of conservation of historic buildings knowledge base 5 marks, and forming with semantic label and semantic classes is the semantic label category index of index.
For further explicit semantic meaning label category index, illustrate below.Suppose to have now three files, be respectively A, B and C.Conservation of historic buildings staff 7 has marked semantic label and affiliated classification to these three files in upload procedure, as shown in table 1.Through after the cluster, the form such as the table 2 of ranking index of formation.
The semantic label of table 1 example file
| Filename | Semantic label | Affiliated classification |
| ??A | The Hall of Supreme Harmony | Historical photograph |
| ??B | The Monastety of Solitary Happiness | Reported literature |
| ??C | The Hall of Supreme Harmony | Reported literature |
The semantic label category index that table 2 example file forms
| Semantic label and affiliated classification | File |
| The Hall of Supreme Harmony | ??A、C |
| The Monastety of Solitary Happiness | ??B |
| Historical photograph | ??A |
| Reported literature | ??B、C |
As shown in Figure 1, externally the effect of knowledge services unit 9 is: provide function based on the retrieval service of semantic knowledge to conservation of historic buildings information user 8.These semantic retrieval services be meant with the WebService form be the user provide based on ontology knowledge, at the semantic retrieval service of knowledge and data.External knowledge services unit 9 wherein externally provides distributed knowledge, data query service with the WebService pattern.
All knowledge query services are imported parameter into character string (string) form, with string format (xmlstring) return results that satisfies the XML form.
Specifically comprise:
1. served by keyword lookup relevant knowledge node: its suction parameter is a keyword, and return results is by the associated knowledge node ID tabulation of the notion of keyword correspondence.If find knowledge node, return results xmlstring has the two-stage node, and this keyword is the xmlstring root node, and relevant knowledge point ID number is second level child node.Is example with inquiry with " Beijing " relevant knowledge node, and it is as follows to return form:
＜Beijing 〉
<ID>1750</ID>
<ID>1751</ID>
<ID>1752</ID>
＜/Beijing 〉
2. by attribute query knowledge node or notion service: entering the mouth is known attribute-name and property value, exports to satisfying this attribute-name or property value to be the notion of inquiry input or the set of knowledge node.If the item that meets the demands is arranged, returning xmlstring is root node with attribute, a plurality of notions that meet the demands and knowledge point are grade partial node that is locked in a tie for second with Concept and Knownode respectively, nodal value is the notion name among the Concept, comprises knowledge node title (representing with KnownodeName) and two third level partial nodes of knowledge node ID (representing with KnownodeID) under each Knownode node.With inquiry " time " is that the knowledge of " Qing Dynasty " is example, and the return results form is as follows:
<attribute>
＜Concept〉purlin＜/Concept 〉
＜Concept〉beam＜/Concept 〉
＜Concept〉7-purlin beam＜/Concept 〉
＜Concept〉5-purlin beam＜/Concept 〉
-?<Knownode>
＜KnownodeName〉two step cross beam＜/KnownodeName 〉
<KnownodeID>154</KnownodeCode>
</Knownode>
-?<Knownode>
＜KnownodeName〉purlin＜/KnownodeName 〉
<KnownodeID>191</KnownodeCode>
</Knownode>
-?<Knownode>
＜KnownodeName〉the pattern thunder＜/KnownodeName 〉
<KnownodeID>4392</KnownodeCode>
</Knownode>
</attribute>
3. the path query service of knowledge node: the knowledge path query service of knowledge node is provided, can be used for the knowledge level and search or recall.Inlet exports the knowledge path into this knowledge node for target knowledge node ID (int numerical value, string type).If return message is arranged, use the tree-shaped level routing information of the level node reflection knowledge node of xmlstring, from top knowledge until this knowledge point, the xmlstring node is called name, nodal value is this grade knowledge point name, with inquiry ID is that 857 knowledge path is an example, and return results shows below:
<name>
Shanxi
<name>
Jincheng
<name>
The Lingchuan County
＜name〉western small stream two celestial mausoleums＜/name 〉
</name>
</name>
</name>
4. the father node inquiry service of knowledge node: provide the father node inquiry service of knowledge node, the knowledge query that can be used for having relationship between superior and subordinate.Inlet exports the father node ID into this knowledge point for the ID of target knowledge node (int numerical value, string type).If father node is arranged, return father node ID, result's xmlstring only has the one-level node, and node is called ParentID, and content is father node ID.With inquiry ID is that the father node of 4 knowledge node is an example, and the result shows below:
<ParentID>2</ParentID>
5. the brotgher of node inquiry service of knowledge node: the brotgher of node inquiry service of knowledge node is provided, can be used for information inquiry at the same level.Inlet is the ID of target knowledge node (int numerical value, string type), exports the brotgher of node ID set (comprising the target knowledge node) for this node.A plurality of nodes are arranged, return brotgher of node ID set, two-stage, root node are arranged is the empty node of brother to the xmlstring string as a result, and second level child node is each ID of Query Result.With inquiry ID is that 4 the brotgher of node is example, and return results shows below:
<brother>
<ID>3</ID>
<ID>4</ID>
<ID>5</ID>
<ID>6</ID>
</brother>
6. member's child node inquiry service of knowledge node: member's child node inquiry service of knowledge node is provided, can be used for the part knowledge query of integral part relation.Inlet is the ID of target knowledge node (int numerical value, string type), exports the member's child node ID set into this node.If a plurality of member's child nodes are arranged, return brotgher of node ID set, xmlstring has two-stage as a result, and root node is the empty node of member, and second level child node is each ID of Query Result.With inquiry ID is that member's child node of 5 is an example,
<member>
<ID>33</ID>
<ID>34</ID>
</member>
7. the set membership child node inquiry service of knowledge node: provide father and son's child node inquiry service of knowledge node, the subordinate's knowledge query that can be used for having relationship between superior and subordinate.Inlet is the ID of target knowledge node (int numerical value, string type), exports the father and son's child node ID set into this node.If member's child node is arranged, return brotgher of node ID set, xmlstring has two-stage as a result, and root node is the empty node of child, and second level child node is each ID of Query Result.With inquiry ID is that 2 child node is an example, and return results shows below:
<child>
<childID>3</childID>
<childID>4</childID>
<childID>5</childID>
<childID>6</childID>
</child>
8. all properties inquiry service of knowledge node: the attribute query service of knowledge node is provided, can be used for the details inquiry of certain knowledge.Inlet is the ID of target knowledge node (int numerical value, string type), exports the father and son's child node ID set into this node.If knowledge node has the attribute attribute, the return attribute set, xmlstring has two-stage as a result, and root node is the empty node of Attribute, and second level child node is each attribute node of Query Result, and with attribute node name by name, property value is a nodal value.With inquiry ID is that 857 knowledge point attribute is an example, and return results shows below:
<Attribute>
＜the record of events inscribed on a tablet/〉
＜an inscription on a tablet/〉
＜place name〉Lingchuan County＜/place name 〉
＜function〉temple＜/function 〉
＜woodcut statue〉two celestial beings＜/the woodcut statue 〉
＜stone tablet〉first great curiosity to ask all sorts of questions stone tablet＜/stone tablet 〉
＜the time〉Jin Dynasty＜/time 〉
＜dependent event〉Song Hui ancestor incident＜/dependent event 〉
</Attribute>
9. the particular community inquiry service of knowledge node: the inquiry service of the particular community of knowledge node is provided, is used to inquire about the concrete condition of certain notion or knowledge node.Inlet exports the property value into this particular community for ID of knowledge node (int numerical value, string type) and particular community name (string).If Query Result is arranged, xmlstring is one-level only, and node is called the querying attributes name, and nodal value is this property value.With inquiry ID be " epoch " attribute of 857 for example, return results shows below:
＜the time〉Jin Dynasty＜/time 〉
10. the data check service of knowledge point: the documentation inquiry service relevant with knowledge node is provided.Inlet exports the ensemble of communication into the knowledge point related data for the ID of knowledge point (int numerical value, string type).
If find associated documents, xmlstring has three grades as a result, first order root node is the empty node of data, the second level is the information node information of data, different files are arranged side by side, the third level is the specifying information node of data, comprises that knowledge point ID, data IDdataid, data title title, data type category, data address D IrStore, data creation-time TimeCreated, data briefly describe Discription, data author Author, nine child nodes of material upload person Uploader.With inquiry ID is that 30 data is an example, and return results shows below:
<data>
-?<information>
<ID>30</ID>
<dataid>98</dataid>
＜title〉the ancient building construction work＜/title 〉
<catagory>pdf</catagory>
<DirStore>http://www.myschool.net.cn/building/data/other
/185197189168214254202169185164.Pdf
</DirStore>
＜TimeCreated〉2008-1-31 CL10:37:01 in the morning＜/TimeCreated 〉
＜Diiscription〉content relates to construction method, construction tool, work progress, construction requirement, the quality and safety requirement of masonry, carpentery workshop, oil colored paintings work etc., the choosing, process, the making of member, installation etc. of material.Basically preparation, each link in the work progress that needs before the ancient building construction to do all has related, is understandings, learns and put into practice good data, the good assistant that ancient architecture is constructed.
</Discription>
＜Author〉unknown＜/Author 〉
＜Uploader〉Wang Shujin＜/Uploader 〉
</information>
-<information>
<ID>30</ID>
<dataid>100</dataid>
＜title〉the ancient building construction＜/title 〉
<catagory>pdf</catagory>
<DirStore>
http://www.text.net.cn/building/data/other/185197189168214
254202169185164.pdf
</DirStore>
＜TimeCreated〉2008-1-31 CL10:39:56 in the morning＜/TimeCreated 〉
＜Discription〉content relates to construction method, construction tool, work progress, construction requirement, the quality and safety requirement of masonry, carpentery workshop, oil colored paintings work etc., the choosing, process of material, the making of member, installation ... basically preparation, each link in the work progress that needs before the ancient building construction to do all has related, is understandings, learns and put into practice good data, the good assistant that ancient architecture is constructed.</Discription>
＜Author〉unknown＜/Author 〉
＜Uploader〉Wang Shujin＜/Uploader 〉
</information>
</data>
Find associated documents, xmlstring has three grades as a result, first order root node is the empty node of data, the second level is the information node information of data, different files are arranged side by side, the third level is the specifying information node of data, comprises that knowledge point ID, data IDdataid, data title title, data type category, data address D IrStore, data creation-time TimeCreated, data briefly describe Discription, data author Author, nine child nodes of material upload person Uploader.With inquiry ID is that the data of 30 pdf type is an example, and return results shows below:
<data>
<information>
<ID>30</ID>
<dataid>98</dataid>
＜title〉the ancient building construction work＜/title 〉
<catagory>pdf</catagory>
<DirStore>
http://www.myschool.net.cn/building/
data/other/185197189168214254202169185164.Pdf
</DirStore>
＜TimeCreated〉2008-1-31 10:37:01 in the morning＜/TimeCreated 〉
<Discription>
Content relates to construction method, construction tool, work progress, construction requirement, the quality and safety requirement of masonry, carpentery workshop, oil colored paintings work etc., the choosing, process, the making of member, installation etc. of material.Basically preparation, each link in the work progress that needs before the ancient building construction to do all has related, is understandings, learns and put into practice good data, the good assistant that ancient architecture is constructed.
</Discription>
＜Author〉unknown＜/Author 〉
＜Uploader〉Wang Shujin＜/Uploader 〉
</information>
-<information>
<ID>30</ID>
<dataid>100</dataid>
＜title〉the ancient building construction＜/title 〉
<catagory>pdf</catagory>
<DirStore>http://www.myschool.net.cn/building/data/other/1
85197189168214??254202169185164.Pdf
</DirStore>
＜TimeCreated〉2008-1-31 10:39:56 in the morning＜/TimeCreated 〉
＜Discription〉content relates to construction method, construction tool, work progress, construction requirement, the quality and safety requirement of masonry, carpentery workshop, oil colored paintings work etc., the choosing, process, the making of member, installation etc. of material.Preparation, each link in the work progress that needs before the ancient building construction to do all has related, is understandings, learns and put into practice good data, the good assistant that ancient architecture is constructed.
</Discription>
＜Author〉unknown＜/Author 〉
＜Uploader〉Wang Shujin＜/Uploader 〉
</information>
</data>
Wherein data type is meant the type of data file, such as " document ", txt, jpg, pdf etc.
Usually, these methods are externally issued with the form of WebService, help realizing distributed deployment and enforcement.
Two, internal system is related
(1) in native system, conservation of historic buildings knowledge base management platform 2 links to each other with conservation of historic buildings knowledge base 5, and knowledge engineer 1 is by the domain knowledge in the conservation of historic buildings information management platform 2 management conservation of historic buildings knowledge bases 5.Except that knowledge engineer 1 and conservation of historic buildings knowledge base management platform 2, other staff and unit all can not be changed the content of conservation of historic buildings knowledge base 5.Both can be the C/S structure between conservation of historic buildings information management platform 2 and the conservation of historic buildings knowledge base 5, also can be the B/S structure.
(2) in native system; externally knowledge services unit 9 links to each other with conservation of historic buildings knowledge base 5, data directory unit 10 and conservation of historic buildings database 4 threes; accept common user's 8 query requests; from conservation of historic buildings knowledge base 5, data directory unit 10 and conservation of historic buildings database 4, obtain data and knowledge, return to common user.Externally the content in conservation of historic buildings database 4, conservation of historic buildings knowledge base 5, the data directory unit 10 can not be revised in knowledge services unit 9.
(3) in native system, Data Management Unit 6 is communicated with conservation of historic buildings database 4 bi-directional datas, and the exchanges data between 5 pairs of data administrative units 6 of data directory unit 10 and conservation of historic buildings knowledge base and the conservation of historic buildings database 4 plays booster action.Data Management Unit 6 can only change the content in the conservation of historic buildings database 4, can not change the content of conservation of historic buildings knowledge base 5, data directory unit 10 and other parts.
(4) in native system, data directory unit 10 is associated with conservation of historic buildings unstructured information database 12 in conservation of historic buildings knowledge base 5, the conservation of historic buildings database 4.The vocabulary that is comprised in ancient architecture protection field relative words in the conservation of historic buildings knowledge base 5 and notion and the conservation of historic buildings unstructured information database 12 provides the sign of index for data directory unit 10.
(5) in native system, conservation of historic buildings knowledge base 5 also links to each other with conservation of historic buildings database 4.As described above, notion in the conservation of historic buildings knowledge base 5 and the storage of the data association in the conservation of historic buildings database 4.
(6) conservation of historic buildings knowledge base 5, conservation of historic buildings database 4 and data directory unit 10 have constituted the knowledge data library unit 3 of conservation of historic buildings infosystem jointly.The general independent server end that is stored in of knowledge data base.
Three, based on the historic building conservation technical information management method of domain knowledge
(1) method general introduction
The historic building conservation technical information management method based on domain knowledge that the present invention relates to as shown in Figure 9, can be summarized as following steps:
1) knowledge engineer 1 is after the relation on attributes of analyzing composition between related key concept in historic building conservation technical field and relative words, the notion, inheritance, notion, based on generic term (generic concept), utilize conservation of historic buildings knowledge base management platform 2 to make up field term (ontology), form the domain knowledge classification foundation;
2) conservation of historic buildings worker 7 comprises data is uploaded, inquires about, deleted and revise by the relevant information data of Data Management Unit 6 management conservations of historic buildings;
3) data directory unit 10 regularly falls ranking index and semantic label category index according to the data organization key words of conservation of historic buildings knowledge base 5 and conservation of historic buildings database 4, provides index for the operation of conservation of historic buildings staff 7 by Data Management Unit 6 inquiry conservation of historic buildings knowledge and information data simultaneously; For example, the user is by Data Management Unit (6) inquiry " Monastety of Solitary Happiness " relevant knowledge and information data.Suppose that in data directory unit 10 file A, file B etc. are index with the Monastety of Solitary Happiness, then can give user's backspace file A and file B.
The domestic consumer 8 of 4) conservation of historic buildings knowledge and information is by external knowledge services unit 9 retrieval conservation of historic buildings knowledge and related data information.
(2) expression and the construction method of ancient architecture protection domain knowledge
(1) method for expressing of domain knowledge
1) knowledge representation in ancient building field is adopted based on conceptual knowledge tree semantic meaning representation model.
2) in conceptual knowledge tree semantic meaning representation model, notion is semantic primary expression unit, and simple notion can be by being combined to form complex concept.Notion is represented with { attribute, relation } two tuples; Attribute is two tuples by { attribute-name, property value } expression; The type of Property Name is simple concept or compound notion, and the type of property value is notion, numeral, character string, array, time or Boolean, is used to define the intension of notion; Relation comprises father and son's inheritance and part component relationship two classes.The corresponding a plurality of simple concepts of speech possibility, a notion may be shown by a plurality of vocabularys.
It between described notion and the vocabulary relation of multi-to-multi.Polysemy claims notion of the same name, and many speech one justice claim the synonym notion.Notion word indexing form of the same name is distinguished, and as " sir " this speech three semantemes is substantially arranged, respectively corresponding three notions, and " sir _ 1 " is teacher, " sir _ 2 " are the addresses to the husband, " sir _ 3 " expression honorific title.The synonym notion is described with synonymy in knowledge hierarchy, is the synonym notion as notion " sir _ 1 " with " teacher _ 1 ", then sets up a synonymy between these two notions.
3) in specific area, exist relation between notion and the notion.Knowledge tree is used for describing the relation between notion and the notion, represents with tree structure.The node of knowledge tree becomes knowledge node.Relation on the knowledge tree between father and son's node is set membership or component relationship.Knowledge node comprises three parts such as attribute of knowledge node title, knowledge node semanteme, knowledge node.The title of knowledge node shows that with vocabulary the semanteme of knowledge node is described with ideational form.The attribute of knowledge node comprises attribute-name and property value two parts.Attribute-name defines with ideational form, and property value can be notion, character string, numeral, array etc.
Can being illustrated of conceptual knowledge tree with following BNF expression formula.
＜knowledge tree 〉: :=＜the knowledge tree title〉＜top mode〉*
＜knowledge tree title 〉: :=＜character string 〉
＜top mode 〉: :=＜node〉*
＜node 〉: :=＜sequence number〉＜nodename〉＜the node notion〉[＜parent node 〉] [with the father node relation] [＜subclass node〉*] [＜nodal community 〉]
＜sequence number 〉: :=＜character string 〉
＜nodename 〉: :=＜character string 〉
＜node notion 〉: :=＜semantic meaning representation 〉
＜semantic meaning representation 〉: :=＜notion 〉
＜parent node 〉: :=＜node 〉
＜with node relationships: :=＜set membership/＜integral body and local relation
＜subclass node 〉: :=＜node 〉
＜nodal community 〉: :=＜Property Name〉＜property value 〉
＜Property Name 〉: :=＜notion 〉/＜compound notion 〉
＜property value 〉: :=＜symbol 〉
＜symbol 〉: :=＜integer 〉/＜character string 〉/＜floating number 〉/＜date 〉/＜semantic meaning representation 〉
Wherein: * represents to occur once or repeatedly ,/expression or, [] expression is optional.
(2) construction method of domain knowledge
2.1 on the basis of key concept, analyze the peculiar notion in historic building conservation technical field and the relation between the vocabulary, set up and improve the conceptual base in the conservation of historic buildings knowledge base 5;
2.2 the synonymy between concept of analysis and the notion, the named entity in arrangement conservation of historic buildings field as " pattern thunder " etc., enriches synonym conceptual base 17 and named entity storehouse 15.
2.3 relation is formed in the position up and down between concept of analysis and the notion, makes up the domain knowledge tree; Relation between the analysis knowledge tree is determined the attribute and the property value of each knowledge node; Relevant knowledge is stored in the knowledge tree 16.As shown in Figure 6, by analysis, with knowledge be divided into that buildings is relevant, resist technology relevant, four part knowledge such as building general knowledge and maintenance system.Wherein, relevant eight knowledge trees such as books, time, personage, incident, data, historical relic classification, attached historical relic, place name that are divided into again of buildings; Relevant two knowledge trees such as maintenance tool, building materials that are divided into again of resist technology; Building general knowledge is divided into single building structure and two knowledge trees of routine data that make up with component relationship; The maintenance system is separately as a knowledge tree.In these knowledge trees, interknit by attribute between each knowledge tree and the knowledge tree.For example, the concrete building that relates in historical relic classification and the attached historical relic knowledge tree interrelates by relation such as " construction time ", " rebuilding time " and time knowledge tree again, interrelates with " place name " knowledge tree by " place " relation.
2.4 the knowledge in the conservation of historic buildings domain knowledge base 5 is carried out consistency check, solves knowledge contradiction.
2.5 constantly repeat the 2.1-2.4 step according to practical application, improve knowledge base.
(3) historic building conservation technical knowledge tree example
For the structure form of clearer declarative knowledge tree, be example with " Techniques of Relics Protection " knowledge tree below, the form of knowledge tree is described.It should be noted that following example knowledge tree, only be for the knowledge tree that the historic building conservation technical field is described constitutes, and do not constitute restriction the concrete tissue of knowledge tree in the specific implementation process of the present invention.
" ancient architecture resist technology " knowledge tree as shown in Figure 8, is mainly described the content of building protection, causes damaged disease, and at the adoptable maintenance process of disease." ancient architecture resist technology " tree is made up of eight layers of knowledge node; the ground floor node is the tree root of this knowledge tree; second layer node is described the content of required protection in the conservation of historic buildings; the title of the 3rd node layer record disease; the 4th node layer pair type of material relevant with disease defines; the layer 5 node is described the classification of method for maintaining; layer 6 is described concrete method for maintaining; the classification of the method for maintaining relevant information in the layer 7 definition layer 6, the 8th layer describes concrete maintenance step.
In ground floor, represent the tree root of this knowledge tree in the method with knowledge node " ancient architecture resist technology ".This knowledge tree has wherein write down relevant maintenance system, routine data etc.
In the second layer, knowledge node is that the content of protection has been carried out classification declaration.The granularity of classification is difference according to the difference of protection content.For example, " decorate protection " and can be subdivided into " engraving protection ", " colour painting protection " and " mural painting protection "; And " engraving protection " can be subdivided into " protection of carving brick ", " stone carving protection " and " woodcarving protection ".
In the 3rd layer, knowledge node is described wood is built hurtful disease.For example, " structural brick wall cracking " may be a kind of disease title that causes the metope infringement.
In the 4th layer, knowledge node is used " multimedia ", the type of material relevant with disease such as " case " definition.
In layer 5, knowledge node is classified to method for maintaining according to the different reasons of protection content and disease.For example, in " wall guard ", method for maintaining can be divided into according to reason: " at the method for maintaining of masonry body of wall undercapacity ", " at the method for maintaining of settlement of foundation ", and " at the method for maintaining of rainwater and weathering etc. " etc.
In layer 6, knowledge node is described in detail the method for maintaining of a certain reason, the method for maintaining of same reason may comprise one or more, has " method one ", " method two " and three diverse ways such as " methods three " as " at the method for maintaining of masonry body of wall undercapacity ".
In layer 7, knowledge node has defined the classification of the method for maintaining related data that defines with layer 6, has listed " multimedia " among Fig. 8, " case " and classifications such as " maintenance steps ".
In the 8th layer, a plurality of steps are operated if method for maintaining is a branch, and knowledge node is described these steps at this one deck, otherwise this node layer is empty.
(3) the conservation of historic buildings worker is by the relevant information data of Data Management Unit management ancient building
(1) general step
As shown in Figure 3, it is as follows to introduce its general step earlier:
I. obtain ancient building classificating knowledge tree from historic building conservation technical knowledge base 5, browse the classification situation;
Ii. select or retrieve the classification or the ancient building monomer title of required information of managing data under on knowledge tree;
Iii. judge whether to be structural data, if for denying, it then is unstructured data, the essential information of then filling in, delete or revise editor's unstructured data (comprises at least, author, source, uploader or reviser, upload or modification time, synopsis etc.), the file type of unstructured data, for after unstructured data increases, exports or regenerate semantic label, in conservation of historic buildings database 4, upgrade unstructured data, essential information and semantic label; If structural data is then filled in the structural data form according to the structural data of selected ancient building in the conservation of historic buildings knowledge base, upload structural data to the conservation of historic buildings database;
(2) method of generative semantics label
See also Fig. 4, the method for generative semantics label can be divided into craft, semi-hand and automatic three types; As shown in Figure 4, the step within the inner square frame 14 is represented the method for automatic generative semantics label, does not comprise step S36; And the institute within the square frame 15 represents semi-automatic generative semantics stamp methods in steps, comprises step S36.Wherein:
A. manual generative semantics label specifically is meant: conservation of historic buildings worker 7 artificial selection wait to manage the affiliated classification of ancient architecture protection associated documents, fill in semantic label according to file content, afterwards, Data Management Unit 2 belongs to classification with file and its and semantic label stores in the conservation of historic buildings unstructured information database 12 simultaneously;
B. automatic generative semantics label concrete steps:
Step S31: the conservation of historic buildings associated documents of intending operation are carried out literal extract, obtain the Word message that wherein contains;
Step S32: Chinese is carried out participle, obtain vocabulary, after removing stop-word, the vocabulary that will have substantive significance is converted into notion;
Step S33:, this document is carried out text classification to be foundation to ancient building classification that information is divided in the conservation of historic buildings knowledge base 5;
Step S34: with classified text and affiliated classification association store, finish " division semantic classes " operation, extract, finish the operation of " extraction semantic label " to key contained in this document;
Step S35: the semantic classes that obtained and semantic label merged to remove recast be net result, in conservation of historic buildings unstructured data storehouse 12, upgrade conservation of historic buildings associated documents, the semantic classes that belongs to and the semantic label of intending operation;
C. semi-hand generative semantics label specifically is meant: after carrying out step S31, S32, S33 and the S34 in the method for automatic generative semantics label; obtain to intend the affiliated classification of conservation of historic buildings information and the semantic label of operation; manually revising through step S35, whether promptly artificial check and correction is correct to the semantic classes of the semantic label of file destination mark and division.After revising, in conservation of historic buildings unstructured data storehouse 12, upgrade conservation of historic buildings associated documents, the semantic classes that belongs to and the semantic label of intending operation.
(4) conservation of historic buildings system externally provides knowledge services
The foregoing WebService interface of domestic consumer by being stored in the external knowledge services of the comprehensive use unit 9, inquiry obtain its data or the knowledge that need.
With following drama is the application process that example illustrates concrete service and combination thereof:
Certain tame three generations people grandfather Papa and Mama and Xiao Ming.Grandfather is an ancient building expert, receives an ancient architecture protection maintenance engineering recently, wonders which concrete maintenance protection standard and structure of the law this project relate to
The related data of this ancient architecture and possible maintenance history
Papa and Mama are ancient building fans, add at ordinary times to have a liking for travel, like having a look around and look at, miss potter and see some ancient buildings, so look for contribution and the evaluation of some ancient building experts sometimes, such as seeing that beam thinks the research data at paired flammule temple to their interested ancient architecture
Perhaps just interested during this period of time in the building of the Qing Dynasty, think to find the data of these aspects more
Which the mural painting that can see eastern audience hall when going the tourism of flammule temple in advance has
Manjusri temple building construction types
Deng; Xiao Ming's teens can often ask parents that some compare the thing of common-sense, such as there being the classmate to go to the flammule temple to play, goes home to ask Papa and Mama " the flammule temple is at which
", " when build at the flammule temple
", " which building the flammule temple comprises
", " go to the flammule temple to play which can also go play in passing
" etc. problem.
To last drama analysis, need several big functional requirements:
1) data check of certain knowledge point
(simple combination of service).
2) the relevant data check of certain keyword
(simple combination of service).
3) the relevant data check of certain several keyword
(Services Combination result's parsing combination).
4) look into some knowledge by attribute
(single service).
5) look into the hierarchical relationship of some knowledge
(simple combination of service).
6) look into the more detailed attribute information of some knowledge
(simple combination of service).
Attribute transmission inquiry is such as other buildings of the same attribute of certain building
(the multistage combination of service).
(use numeral to add right parenthesis for above functional requirement, as " 1) " expression), with the service that provides of external service unit 9 of narration in embodiment " system's composition " (accordingly, below based on the numeral of band circle), its corresponding solution is:
1) know for sure the ID of certain knowledge point directly calls 10. service; Imprecisely know knowledge point ID, 1. and 10. combination is engaged in getting final product.
2) result's of the difference of same service input combination (getting common factor) is handled, and promptly service result is resolved then and judges combination condition according to result element, belongs to other service unit work.Specific to this example, be that keyword finishes 2 respectively with " Liang Sicheng " and " flammule temple ") obtain separately data xmlstring (result's 10. structure) after the service, ask the common factor of data ID.
3) directly call 2. service.
4) ID number of knowledge correspondence found in the service of calling 1., after import ID as required into and call 3., 4., 5., 6., 7. service as in the field, region, be looked into certain place and belong to which territorial jurisdiction, promptly can realize by the father node that 4. service of calling looks into this node; Look into administrative jurisdiction for another example, 7. the service of calling looks into child node, and aspect concrete ancient building, if the composition of certain building of inquiry, member's child node that 6. service of then can calling looks into this node or service be father and son's child node of this node 7..Concrete method of calling is with 2).
5) 1 service of calling is earlier found corresponding knowledge ID number, imports ID then as required into and calls 8., 9. service.Concrete method of calling is the same.
6) 2. and 9. 1. combination serve.1. and 9. roughly the same 2) the method for calling combination obtains resolving the suction parameter that obtains 2. according to presentation of results 9. after the character string as a result, calls and 2. obtains answer.
The above; only be the embodiment among the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, anyly is familiar with the people of this technology in the disclosed technical scope of the present invention; conversion or the replacement expected can be understood, all of the present invention comprising within the scope should be encompassed in.
Claims (8)
1. historic building conservation technical information management system based on domain knowledge, it is characterized in that: this system comprises:
Having conservation of historic buildings knowledge base (5) is connected with conservation of historic buildings knowledge base management platform (2), be used to store the conservation of historic buildings knowledge that the semantic classification standard can be provided for conservation of historic buildings information, limit the technical term in conservation of historic buildings field, the relation between the description technical term, the reasoning from logic function is provided; Can be C/S structure or B/S structure between conservation of historic buildings information management platform (2) and the conservation of historic buildings knowledge base (5);
Conservation of historic buildings information management platform (2) is connected with knowledge engineer (1), the workbench of management conservation of historic buildings knowledge base is provided for knowledge engineer (1), except that knowledge engineer (1) made amendment to the content in the conservation of historic buildings knowledge base (5) by conservation of historic buildings knowledge base management platform (2), other staff and unit all can not be changed the content of conservation of historic buildings knowledge base (5);
Data Management Unit (6) is communicated with conservation of historic buildings database (4) bi-directional data, and data directory unit (10) and conservation of historic buildings knowledge base (5) play booster action to the exchanges data between data administrative unit (6) and the conservation of historic buildings database (4); Data Management Unit (6) can only change the content in the conservation of historic buildings database (4), can not change the content of conservation of historic buildings knowledge base (5), data directory unit (10) and other parts, it is that conservation of historic buildings worker (7) provides ancient building information semantic query function that Data Management Unit (6) utilizes the Double Data index in the data directory unit (10); Simultaneously, Data Management Unit (6) sends conservation of historic buildings worker's (7) Query Information, supervisory instruction and the structuring unstructured data of uploading to conservation of historic buildings database (4);
Conservation of historic buildings worker (7) is connected with Data Management Unit (6), the numerical information relevant with conservation of historic buildings is classified, through behind the semantic tagger with data upload to conservation of historic buildings database (4); Conservation of historic buildings worker (7) revises the relevant numerical information of conservation of historic buildings by Data Management Unit (6) additions and deletions;
Externally knowledge services unit (9) links to each other with the knowledge data library unit (3) that contains conservation of historic buildings knowledge base (5), data directory unit (10) and conservation of historic buildings database (4), form with WebService externally provides distributed knowledge, data query service, receive the query requests of common user (8), from conservation of historic buildings knowledge base (5), data directory unit (10) and conservation of historic buildings database (4), obtain data and knowledge, return to common user; Externally the content in conservation of historic buildings database (4), conservation of historic buildings knowledge base (5), data directory unit (10) can not be revised in knowledge services unit (9).
2. the historic building conservation technical information management system based on domain knowledge as claimed in claim 1; it is characterized in that: described data directory unit (10) links to each other with conservation of historic buildings database (4) with conservation of historic buildings knowledge base (5), and the domain knowledge that the conservation of historic buildings digital information that conservation of historic buildings worker (7) is uploaded utilizes conservation of historic buildings knowledge base (5) to provide forms the Double Data index.
3. the historic building conservation technical information management system based on domain knowledge as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described conservation of historic buildings database (4) contains separate ancient building structured message database (11), conservation of historic buildings unstructured information database (12) and conservation of historic buildings structural remodeling information database (13); By conservation of historic buildings knowledge base (5) that ancient building structured message database (11), conservation of historic buildings unstructured information database (12) and conservation of historic buildings structural remodeling information database (13) is interrelated; By conservation of historic buildings knowledge base (5) is that ancient building structured message database (11), conservation of historic buildings unstructured information database (12) and conservation of historic buildings structural remodeling information database (13) provide the semantic label index, and semantic label has determined the classification of Data in ancient building structured message database (11), conservation of historic buildings unstructured information database (12) and the conservation of historic buildings structural remodeling information database (13); Semantic label and the semantic classification of utilizing conservation of historic buildings knowledge base (5) to provide, and the data that provide of conservation of historic buildings unstructured information database (12), related through falling to sort with semantic label, form semantic indexing, be stored in the data directory unit (10);
Ancient building structured message database (11) is used for storing the relevant conservation of historic buildings numeric data of concrete ancient building monomer of storing with conservation of historic buildings knowledge base (5), wherein comprises damaged prospecting information at least;
Ancient building unstructured information database (12) is used for depositing various electronic data files such as the literal relevant with building protection knowledge base (5) conservation of historic buildings, picture, audio frequency and video; Wherein, the data file of storage is according to classifying to the representation of knowledge in ancient architecture protection field in the conservation of historic buildings knowledge base (5), and each data file all has semantic label; For the data directory unit provides the needed data message that sorts;
Conservation of historic buildings three-dimensional structure information database (13) is used for depositing the three-dimensional structure information of the related ancient building monomer of conservation of historic buildings knowledge base (5).
4. the historic building conservation technical information management system based on domain knowledge as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described Double Data index comprises that key word falls ranking index and semantic label category index two parts; Whole e-sourcings in the conservation of historic buildings unstructured data storehouse (12) are obtained Word message carry out key word and fall ordering, form key word and fall ranking index; The semantic label that forms when utilizing Data Management Unit (6) management conservation of historic buildings unstructured data according to conservation of historic buildings staff (7) simultaneously; carry out cluster according to classification under the information of conservation of historic buildings knowledge base (5) mark, forming with semantic label and semantic classes is the semantic label category index of index.
5. the historic building conservation technical information management system based on domain knowledge as claimed in claim 1; its feature with: the form with WebService externally provides distributed knowledge; the data query service, these services specifically comprise: by the service of keyword lookup relevant knowledge node; service by attribute query knowledge node or notion; the path query service of knowledge node; the father node inquiry service of knowledge node; the brotgher of node inquiry service of knowledge node; knowledge node member's child node inquiry service; knowledge node set membership child node inquiry service; the all properties inquiry service of knowledge node; the particular community inquiry service of knowledge node; the data check service of knowledge node; the data check service of particular type.
6. historic building conservation technical information management method based on domain knowledge, it is characterized in that: this approaches to IM comprises that step is as follows:
Step S 1: knowledge engineer (1) is after the relation on attributes of analyzing composition between related key concept in historic building conservation technical field and relative words, the notion, inheritance, notion, based on generic term (generic concept), utilize conservation of historic buildings knowledge base management platform (2) to make up field term (ontology), form the domain knowledge classification foundation;
Step S2: conservation of historic buildings worker (7) comprises data is uploaded, inquires about, deleted and revise by the relevant information data of Data Management Unit (6) management conservation of historic buildings;
Step S3: data directory unit (10) regularly fall ranking index and semantic label category index according to the data organization key word of conservation of historic buildings knowledge base (5) and conservation of historic buildings database (4), and the operation of inquiring about conservation of historic buildings knowledge and information data by Data Management Unit (6) for conservation of historic buildings staff (7) simultaneously provides index;
Step S4: the domestic consumer of conservation of historic buildings knowledge and information is by external knowledge services unit retrieval conservation of historic buildings knowledge and relevant information data.
7. the historic building conservation technical information management method based on domain knowledge as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that: the concrete steps of this data upload are:
Obtain conservation of historic buildings domain knowledge base domain knowledge classificating knowledge tree from the conservation of historic buildings knowledge base, browse the classification situation;
Step a): select or retrieve classification or the ancient building monomer title of required information of managing data under on knowledge tree;
Step b): judge whether to be structural data,, upload structural data to the conservation of historic buildings database if unstructured data is then filled in the structural data form according to the structural data of selected ancient building in the conservation of historic buildings knowledge base; If not unstructured data, fill in, delete or revise the essential information of unstructured data, the file type of unstructured data, through for after unstructured data increase, exporting or regenerate semantic label, in the conservation of historic buildings database, upgrade unstructured data, essential information and semantic label;
Step c): if all structural datas of ancient building monomer; then fill in successively according to the structural data form of the ancient building monomer of storing in the conservation of historic buildings knowledge base; fill in finish after, in the conservation of historic buildings database, upgrade the relevant structural data of ancient building monomer.
8. the historic building conservation technical information management method based on domain knowledge as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that: described generative semantics label can be divided into craft, semi-hand and automatic three types; Wherein:
(1) manual generative semantics label is: conservation of historic buildings worker artificial selection waits to manage the affiliated classification of associated documents, fills in semantic label according to file content; Afterwards, Data Management Unit 2 belongs to classification with file and its and semantic label stores in the conservation of historic buildings unstructured information database simultaneously;
(2) the generative semantics label is automatically:
Step S31: the conservation of historic buildings associated documents of intending operation are carried out literal extract, obtain the Word message that wherein contains;
Step S32: Chinese is carried out participle, obtain vocabulary, remove after the stop-word, the vocabulary that will have substantive significance is converted into the notion mapping;
Step S33:, this document is carried out text classification to be foundation to ancient building classification that information is divided in the conservation of historic buildings knowledge base 5;
Step S34: with classified text and affiliated classification association store, finish " division semantic classes " operation, extract, finish the operation of " extraction semantic label " to key contained in this document;
Step S35: the semantic classes that obtained and semantic label merged to remove recast be net result, in conservation of historic buildings unstructured data storehouse, upgrade conservation of historic buildings associated documents, the semantic classes that belongs to and the semantic label of intending operation;
(3) after semi-hand generative semantics label is step S31, S32, S33 and the S34 that carries out in the method for automatic generative semantics label; obtain to intend the affiliated classification of conservation of historic buildings information and the semantic label of operation; after artificial the correction, in conservation of historic buildings unstructured data storehouse, upgrade conservation of historic buildings associated documents, the semantic classes that belongs to and the semantic label of intending operation through step S35.
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