CN101753027B - Single-stage exchange type power conversion circuit - Google Patents
Single-stage exchange type power conversion circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN101753027B CN101753027B CN2008101798032A CN200810179803A CN101753027B CN 101753027 B CN101753027 B CN 101753027B CN 2008101798032 A CN2008101798032 A CN 2008101798032A CN 200810179803 A CN200810179803 A CN 200810179803A CN 101753027 B CN101753027 B CN 101753027B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
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Abstract
The invention relates to a single-stage exchange type power conversion circuit which comprises a transformer, a voltage and level generation circuit, a first switching circuit, a second switching circuit, a rectifier and filter circuit, a feedback circuit and a control circuit. The operating number of switching elements in the single-stage exchange type power conversion circuit can be duly adjusted according to the operating condition of an electronic product so as to reduce unnecessary switching loss when the single-stage exchange type power conversion circuit is in a standby state and increase the integral operating efficiency; and relative reduction of heat energy ensures that the electronic product and the single-stage exchange type power conversion circuit have lower operating temperature in the standby state. In addition, the single-stage exchange type power conversion circuit also has the function of power factor correction, thus the current distribution of input alternating current cannot be too concentrated, and the power factor is higher. Moreover, the single-stage exchange type power conversion circuit is of a single-stage type, and can have the function of power factor correction by using a simple circuit.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of power-switching circuit, relate in particular to a kind of single-stage exchange type power conversion circuit (switching power supply).
Background technology
In recent years along with the progress of science and technology; Electronic product with difference in functionality of all kinds is developed out gradually; These electronic products with difference in functionality of all kinds have not only satisfied the people of various different demands, more incorporate everyone daily life, and it is more convenient to make people live.
The electronic product of these difference in functionalitys of all kinds is made up of various electronic component; And the required supply voltage of each electronic component is not quite similar and be mostly direct voltage, yet electric power system now but provides AC power; In order to provide suitable voltage to make its normal operation to each electronic component; Therefore these electronic products need be by power-switching circuit with AC power, and for example general civil power converts suitable voltage into and uses for each electronic component.
Power-switching circuit is according to the difference of its circuit structure; Can divide into two kinds of linear formula and switched-mode power supply change-over circuits roughly approximately; Simple linear formula power-switching circuit is made up of transformer, diode rectifier and capacitive filter; Its advantage is that circuit is simple and cost is low, but because of using bigger transformer and conversion efficiency low, so can't use in the electronic product of or long-time use less at volume.Compared to linear formula power-switching circuit, the switched-mode power supply change-over circuit has high conversion rate and smaller volume, and therefore, the electronic product of use or miniaturization can use the switched-mode power supply change-over circuit mostly for a long time.
Can normally move in order to ensure electronic product; Power-switching circuit must provide enough electric weight to electronic product; For example, if the maximum power consumption of electronic product is 400 watts (W), the maximum amount of power supply of power-switching circuit must be more than or equal to 400 watts; That is to say that the maximum amount of power supply of power-switching circuit will design according to the maximum power consumption of electronic product.In addition; Exchange type power conversion circuit utilizes the conducting of switch element or ends and the direct voltage of generation required by electronic product; Traditional exchange formula power-switching circuit is in order to provide bigger amount of power supply; Essential use the mutual conducting of a plurality of switch elements or by operation producing bigger amount of power supply, yet, electronic product can't continuous service at maximum power consumption; Even traditional exchange formula power-switching circuit electronic product operates in the armed state (standby) or the power down mode of low power consumption, still use the mutual conducting of a plurality of switch elements or end operation.
Owing to the switch element conducting and by consuming unnecessary switch cost (switching loss); A plurality of switch elements can consume more unnecessary switch cost relatively when moving; Especially when electronic product operates in armed state; Traditional exchange formula power-switching circuit still uses a plurality of switch elements to move alternately, makes that not only the whole efficiency of exchange type power conversion circuit is lower, can consume more electric energy simultaneously.
In addition; In traditional exchange formula power-switching circuit when operation,, the CURRENT DISTRIBUTION that exchanges input current is too concentrated, not only can produce other electronic equipment of bigger Harmonic Interference; Also can cause power factor low excessively; The apparent power (apparent power) of input is bigger, makes the electric power system that AC-input voltage to switched power supplier is provided need bigger power capacity, and the loss of electric energy in the transmission of electricity networking is also higher.
Therefore, how to develop a kind of switched power supplier that improves above-mentioned known technology defective, real problem for the correlative technology field personnel solution that presses at present.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of single-stage exchange type power conversion circuit; This single-stage exchange type power conversion circuit can in time be adjusted the number of switch element operation in the single-stage exchange type power conversion circuit according to the running status of electronic product; To reduce single-stage exchange type power conversion circuit unnecessary switch cost when the armed state; And then increase overall operation efficiency and the generation of minimizing heat energy relatively, make electronic product and single-stage exchange type power conversion circuit that high conversion rate arranged when armed state.In addition, single-stage exchange type power conversion circuit of the present invention also has power factor correction (power factor correction, function PFC); The CURRENT DISTRIBUTION that exchanges input current can be too unconcentrated, and the harmonic wave of generation is less, can not disturb other electronic equipment; And power factor is higher; The apparent power of input is less, provides the electric power system of AC-input voltage that lower power capacity can be arranged, and the loss of electric energy in the transmission of electricity networking is also lower.Moreover; Single-stage exchange type power conversion circuit of the present invention is a single stage type; Can use simple circuit promptly to have the function of power factor correction, not need to be connected in the input side of power-switching circuit, so circuit is simple relatively and can reduce cost with extra circuit of power factor correction.
For achieving the above object; Of the present invention one than the broad sense form of implementation for a kind of single-stage exchange type power supply unit is provided; In order to produce output voltage to circuit system, this single-stage exchange type power conversion circuit comprises: transformer has first elementary winding and the secondary winding; Voltage level produces circuit, and the one of which end is connected in the first elementary winding, in order to produce boost voltage; First switching circuit is connected in the first elementary winding, input side connects end altogether, and is connected with the other end that voltage level produces circuit, and comprises first switch element and second switch element; The second switch circuit, the end, the first elementary winding and the input side that are connected in voltage level generation circuit connect end altogether, and comprise the 3rd switch element, and the 3rd switch element is connected in this input side and connects altogether between the end of end and this voltage level generation circuit; Current rectifying and wave filtering circuit is connected in secondary winding and this circuit system, in order to rectification and filtering and produce output voltage; Feedback circuit is connected in current rectifying and wave filtering circuit, in order to produce feedback signal according to output voltage; And control circuit; Be connected in first switching circuit, second switch circuit, feedback circuit and circuit system; In order to controlling first switching circuit and second switch circuit alternate run according to the operating state signal of feedback signal and circuit system, the energy of first direct voltage is sent to secondary winding by the first elementary winding of transformer; Wherein, when operating state signal was expressed as armed state, control circuit controlled that first switching circuit is out of service, the operation of second switch circuit.
Single-stage exchange type power conversion circuit of the present invention can in time be adjusted the number of switch element operation in the single-stage exchange type power conversion circuit according to the running status of electronic product; To reduce single-stage exchange type power conversion circuit unnecessary switch cost and increase overall operation efficiency when the armed state, the generation that reduces heat energy relatively makes electronic product and single-stage exchange type power conversion circuit that lower operating temperature arranged when armed state.In addition, single-stage exchange type power conversion circuit of the present invention also has the function of power factor correction, and the CURRENT DISTRIBUTION of input current can too not concentrated and power factor is higher so exchange.Moreover single-stage exchange type power conversion circuit of the present invention is a single stage type, can use simple circuit promptly to have the function of power factor correction.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1: be the circuit structure diagram of the single-stage exchange type power conversion circuit of the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 A: be the circuit structure diagram of the single-stage exchange type power conversion circuit of another preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 B: be the circuit structure diagram of the single-stage exchange type power conversion circuit of another preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3: be the circuit structure diagram of the single-stage exchange type power conversion circuit of another preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 A: be the sequential sketch map of voltage, electric current and the state of single-stage exchange type power conversion circuit shown in Figure 3.
Fig. 4 B: be the sequential sketch map of part voltage, electric current and the state of Fig. 4 A.
Fig. 4 C: be the sequential sketch map of another part voltage, electric current and the state of Fig. 4 A.
Fig. 5: be the circuit structure diagram of the single-stage exchange type power conversion circuit of another preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6: be the circuit structure diagram of the rectification circuit of another preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein, description of reference numerals is following:
1: single-stage exchange type power conversion circuit 10: rectification circuit
10a: the first output 10b of rectification circuit: second output of rectification circuit
10c: the first input end 10d of rectification circuit: second input of rectification circuit
101: the positive output end 102 of bridge rectifier: the negative output terminal of bridge rectifier
11: voltage level produces 12: the first switching circuits of circuit
13: second switch circuit 14: current rectifying and wave filtering circuit
15: feedback circuit 16: control circuit
9: circuit system D
1～D
8: first～the 8th diode
COM
1: input side meets end COM altogether
2: outlet side connects end altogether
C
1: first capacitor C
o: output capacitance
C
In: input capacitance Q
1: first switch element
Q
2: second switch element Q
3: the 3rd switch element
T: transformer N
P1: the first elementary winding
N
P2: the second elementary winding N
s: secondary winding
L
m: magnetizing inductance L
p: first inductance
V
o: output voltage V
Fb: feedback signal
V
In: AC-input voltage V
a: boost voltage
V
DC: the first direct voltage V
r: commutating voltage
V
Ps-on: operating state signal I
1: first electric current
I
2: second electric current I
m: the electric current of magnetizing inductance
I
In: input current
Embodiment
Some exemplary embodiments that embody characteristic of the present invention and advantage will be described in detail in the explanation of back segment.Be understood that the present invention can have various variations different in form, its neither departing from the scope of the present invention, and explanation wherein and be shown in the usefulness of being used as explanation in essence, but not in order to restriction the present invention.
See also Fig. 1, it is the circuit structure diagram of the single-stage exchange type power conversion circuit of the preferred embodiment of the present invention.Single-stage exchange type power conversion circuit 1 of the present invention is in order to produce output voltage V
oTo circuit system 9, this single-stage exchange type power conversion circuit 1 comprises: transformer T, rectification circuit 10, voltage level produce circuit 11, first switching circuit 12, second switch circuit 13, current rectifying and wave filtering circuit 14, feedback circuit 15, control circuit 16 and input capacitance C
In, wherein, transformer T has the first elementary winding N
P1With secondary winding N
s, and the first output 10a of rectification circuit 10 is connected in the first elementary winding N
P1A wherein end, in order to AC-input voltage V
InRectification and produce the first direct voltage V at the first output 10a of rectification circuit 10
DC
In present embodiment, single-stage exchange type power conversion circuit 1 of the present invention receives AC-input voltage V
InTherefore, single-stage exchange type power conversion circuit 1 of the present invention comprises rectification circuit 10, in order to AC-input voltage V
InRectification and produce the first direct voltage V at the first output 10a of rectification circuit 10
DCIn some embodiment, single-stage exchange type power conversion circuit 1 of the present invention directly receives the first direct voltage V
DCSo single-stage exchange type power conversion circuit 1 of the present invention can not comprise rectification circuit 10 (not shown), will be the embodiment explanation below with the single-stage exchange type power conversion circuit 1 that comprises rectification circuit 10.
The end that voltage level produces circuit 11 is connected in the first elementary winding N
P1A wherein end, and voltage level produces the other end of circuit 11 and is connected in first switching circuit 12, in order to produce boost voltage V
a First switching circuit 12 is connected in the first elementary winding N
P1, input side connect altogether the end COM
1, voltage level produces circuit 11 and control circuit 16, and by the operation of control circuit 16 controls first switching circuit 12.Second switch circuit 13 is connected in the first elementary winding N
P1An end and input side meet end COM altogether
1Between, the control end of second switch circuit 13 is connected with control circuit 16, the operation of control circuit 16 control first switching circuits 12 and second switch circuit 13.Current rectifying and wave filtering circuit 14 is connected in secondary winding N
sAnd between the circuit system 9, in order to rectification and filtering and produce output voltage V
oFeedback circuit 15 is connected in current rectifying and wave filtering circuit 14 and circuit system 9, in order to according to output voltage V
oProduce feedback signal V
FbInput capacitance C
InThe first output 10a and the input side that are connected in rectification circuit 10 meet end COM altogether
1Between, in order to the first direct voltage V
DCFiltering.
Owing to during 12 operations of first switching circuit, be to move each other by more switch element to make the first direct voltage V
DCElectric energy by the first elementary winding N of transformer T
P1Be sent to secondary winding N
sTherefore, when 12 operations of first switching circuit, single-stage exchange type power conversion circuit 1 of the present invention can produce bigger electric energy and provide to circuit system 9; The electric weight that the present technique field is used watt (watt) to weigh and provided is big or small; In other words, when 12 operations of first switching circuit, it is bigger to watt (watt) numerical value of circuit system 9 that single-stage exchange type power conversion circuit 1 of the present invention can provide.
Though; When 13 operations of second switch circuit, the electric energy that single-stage exchange type power conversion circuit 1 of the present invention produces is less relatively, still; The switch element number of second switch circuit 13 is less; So when 13 operations of second switch circuit, second switch circuit 13 is because of switch element conducting and few when the switch cost that consumes moves than first switching circuit 12.In present embodiment; First switching circuit 12 is made up of two switch elements; And second switch circuit 13 is made up of a switch element; But not as limit, as long as the switch cost that the switch cost that the switch element number of first switching circuit 12 consumed in the time of, just can making 13 operations of second switch circuit greater than the switch element number of second switch circuit 13 consumed when being less than 12 operations of first switching circuit.
In present embodiment, first switching circuit 12 comprises the first switch element Q
1With second switch element Q
2, second switch circuit 13 comprises the 3rd switch element Q
3Wherein, the first switch element Q
1The first end Q
1aBe connected in the first elementary winding N
P1An end, the first switch element Q
1The second end Q
1bBe connected in second switch element Q
2The first end Q
2aWith an end of voltage level generation circuit 11, second switch element Q
2The second end Q
2bBe connected in input side and meet end COM altogether
1, the 3rd switch element Q
3The first end Q
3aBe connected in the first elementary winding N
P1The other end, the 3rd switch element Q
3The second end Q
3bBe connected in input side and meet end COM altogether
1, the first switch element Q
1, second switch element Q
2With the 3rd switch element Q
3Control end be connected to control circuit 16, by the control circuit 16 control first switch element Q
1, second switch element Q
2With the 3rd switch element Q
3Conducting or end, make the first direct voltage V
DCElectric energy by the first elementary winding N of transformer T
P1Be sent to secondary winding N
s
In present embodiment, voltage level produces circuit 11 can comprise first capacitor C
1, but not as limit.In some embodiment, can also form by auxiliary transformer (not shown).First capacitor C
1An end be connected in the first elementary winding N
P1The other end, first capacitor C
1The other end be connected in the first switch element Q in first switching circuit 12
1The second end Q
1bWith second switch element Q
2The first end Q
2a, when single-stage exchange type power conversion circuit 1 of the present invention moved, the two ends that voltage level produces circuit 11 can produce boost voltage Va.
In present embodiment, the equivalent electric circuit of transformer T is as shown in the figure, at the first elementary winding N of transformer T
P1The magnetizing inductance L that can comprise equivalence
mBe connected in parallel in the first elementary winding N
P1, in order to the equivalence first elementary winding N
P1During operation to the inductance characteristic of the excitatory generation of transformer T.Rectification circuit 10 comprises by the for example first diode D
1, the second diode D
2, the 3rd diode D
3With the 4th diode D
4The bridge rectifier that constitutes, wherein, the positive output end 101 of bridge rectifier is connected in the first output 10a of rectification circuit 10, and the negative output terminal 102 of bridge rectifier meets end COM altogether with input side
1Connect, by the input reception AC-input voltage V of bridge rectifier
In, and with the AC-input voltage V that receives
InRectification produces the first direct voltage V
DC
In present embodiment, current rectifying and wave filtering circuit 14 comprises the 5th diode D
5With output capacitance C
o, wherein, the 5th diode D
5Cathode terminal be connected in secondary winding N
sAn end, the 5th diode D
5Anode tap be connected in output capacitance C
oWith an end of circuit system 9, and output capacitance C
oThe other end be connected in the other end, the secondary winding N of circuit system 9
sThe other end and outlet side meet end COM altogether
2In present embodiment, the first switch element Q
1, second switch element Q
2With the 3rd switch element Q
3Can be but be not defined as bipolar junction transistor (Bipolar Junction Transistor, BJT) or metal oxide semiconductcor field effect transistor (Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor, MOSFET).
See also Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 A, wherein Fig. 2 A is the circuit structure diagram of the single-stage exchange type power conversion circuit of another preferred embodiment of the present invention.Shown in Fig. 2 A, Fig. 2 A is similar with the single-stage exchange type power conversion circuit 1 of Fig. 1, and difference is that the transformer T of Fig. 2 A also comprises the second elementary winding N
P2, and the annexation between the primary side of second switch circuit 13 and transformer T is different, in present embodiment, and the second elementary winding N
P2An end be connected in the first elementary winding N
P1An end, the first output 10a of rectification circuit 10, input capacitance C
InAn end and first switching circuit, 12, the second elementary winding N
P2The other end be connected in second switch circuit 13.Second switch circuit 13 is connected in the second elementary winding N
P2The other end and input side meet end COM altogether
1Between.Similarly, as the second elementary winding N of transformer T
P2During operation, at the second elementary winding N of transformer T
P2The magnetizing inductance L that equally can comprise equivalence
mBe connected in parallel in the second elementary winding N
P2, in order to the equivalence second elementary winding N
P2During operation to the inductance characteristic of the excitatory generation of transformer T.
In addition, Fig. 2 A is similar with the operational mode of the single-stage exchange type power conversion circuit 1 of Fig. 1, in present embodiment, as operating state signal V
Ps-onWhen being expressed as normal operating condition, control circuit 16 equally can be controlled 12 operations of first switching circuit, second switch circuit 13 is out of service, as operating state signal V
Ps-onWhen being expressed as armed state, control circuit 16 equally can be controlled 12 out of service, second switch circuit 13 operations of first switching circuit.The operational mode difference of the single-stage exchange type power conversion circuit 1 of Fig. 2 A and Fig. 1 is, during second switch circuit 13 operations of Fig. 2 A, and the first direct voltage V
DCElectric energy be the second elementary winding N by transformer T
P2Be sent to secondary winding N
s
See also Fig. 2 A and Fig. 2 B, wherein Fig. 2 B is the circuit structure diagram of the single-stage exchange type power conversion circuit of another preferred embodiment of the present invention.Shown in Fig. 2 B; Fig. 2 B is similar with the single-stage exchange type power conversion circuit 1 of Fig. 2 A; Difference is that the annexation that the second switch circuit 13, voltage level of Fig. 2 B produce between the primary side of circuit 11 and transformer T is different; In present embodiment, an end of second switch circuit 13 is connected in the first elementary winding N
P1An end, and voltage level produces an end of circuit 11 and is connected in the second elementary winding N
P2
Fig. 2 B is similar with the operational mode of the single-stage exchange type power conversion circuit 1 of Fig. 2 A, in present embodiment, as operating state signal V
Ps-onWhen being expressed as normal operating condition, control circuit 16 equally can be controlled 12 operations of first switching circuit, second switch circuit 13 is out of service, as operating state signal V
Ps-onWhen being expressed as armed state, control circuit 16 equally can be controlled 12 out of service, second switch circuit 13 operations of first switching circuit.The operational mode difference of the single-stage exchange type power conversion circuit 1 of Fig. 2 B and Fig. 2 A is, during first switching circuit, 12 operations of Fig. 2 B, and the first direct voltage V
DCElectric energy be the second elementary winding N by transformer T
P2Be sent to secondary winding N
s, when the second switch circuit 13 of Fig. 2 B moves, the first direct voltage V
DCElectric energy be the first elementary winding N by transformer T
P1Be sent to secondary winding N
s
See also Fig. 1 and Fig. 3, wherein Fig. 3 is the circuit structure diagram of the single-stage exchange type power conversion circuit of another preferred embodiment of the present invention.As shown in Figure 3, Fig. 3 is similar with the single-stage exchange type power conversion circuit 1 of Fig. 1, and difference is that the single-stage exchange type power conversion circuit 1 of Fig. 3 also comprises first inductance L
p, and rectification circuit 10 also comprises second output 10b output commutating voltage V
r, wherein, first inductance L
pBe connected between the second output 10b of primary side and rectification circuit 10 of transformer T.In present embodiment, first inductance L
pAn end be connected in the second output 10b of rectification circuit 10, first inductance L
pThe other end be connected in the first elementary winding N
P1, voltage level produces an end of circuit 11 and second switch circuit 13, in order to improve the power factor of single-stage exchange type power conversion circuit 1.
In present embodiment, rectification circuit 10 is except comprising by the for example first diode D
1, the second diode D
2, the 3rd diode D
3With the 4th diode D
4Outside the bridge rectifier that is constituted, also can comprise the 6th diode D
6Be connected between the first output 10a of positive output end 101 and rectification circuit 10 of bridge rectifier, wherein, the 6th diode D
6Cathode terminal be connected in the first diode D
1With the second diode D
2Anode tap, the 6th diode D
6Anode tap be connected in the first output 10a of rectification circuit 10.The second output 10b of rectification circuit 10 is connected in the 6th diode D
6Cathode terminal and the positive output end 101 of bridge rectifier.
See also Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 A, wherein Fig. 4 A is the sequential sketch map of voltage, electric current and the state of single-stage exchange type power conversion circuit shown in Figure 3.Shown in Fig. 4 A, AC-input voltage V
InBe the string ripple, relational expression is V
In=V
pSin (ω t) produces the first direct voltage V at the first output 10a and the second output 10b of rectification circuit 10 respectively via rectification circuit 10 rectifications
DCWith commutating voltage V
r, wherein, the first direct voltage V
DCVoltage can be maintained AC-input voltage V approximately
InCrest voltage V
p, and commutating voltage V
rBe AC-input voltage V
InWaveform after the rectification, in present embodiment, commutating voltage V
rBe AC-input voltage V
InWaveform after the full-wave rectification, relational expression are V
r=| V
pSin (ω t) |.
Because, the rectification circuit 10 extra commutating voltage V that provide
r, when single-stage exchange type power conversion circuit 1 operation, except first electric current I by the primary side of the first output 10a inflow transformer T of rectification circuit 10 is arranged
1Also has second electric current I outward, by the primary side of the second output 10b inflow transformer T of rectification circuit 10
2, wherein, second electric current I
2CURRENT DISTRIBUTION and commutating voltage V
rRelevant, and second electric current I
2Envelope curve (envelop curve) be about commutating voltage V
rWaveform, in other words, second electric current I
2CURRENT DISTRIBUTION and AC-input voltage V
InRelevant, and second electric current I
2Envelope curve be about AC-input voltage V
InWaveform.Again because the input current I of single-stage exchange type power conversion circuit 1
InBe about first electric current I
1With second electric current I
2Addition
Therefore, input current I
InFirst electric current I that can not have only CURRENT DISTRIBUTION to concentrate
1, also comprise CURRENT DISTRIBUTION similar in appearance to AC-input voltage V
InSecond electric current I of waveform
2So,, input current I
InCURRENT DISTRIBUTION and envelope curve also can be similar in appearance to AC-input voltage V
InWaveform.
See also Fig. 3, Fig. 4 A and Fig. 4 B, wherein Fig. 4 B is the sequential sketch map of part voltage, electric current and the state of Fig. 4 A.Shown in Fig. 4 B, at this moment, operating state signal V
Ps-onBe expressed as normal operating condition, the 3rd switch element Q of second switch circuit 13
3By and out of service, and the first switch element Q of first switching circuit 12
1With second switch element Q
2Operation makes the first direct voltage V
DCElectric energy by the first elementary winding N of transformer T
P1Be sent to secondary winding N
sBetween time t1 and time t2, the first switch element Q
1By, second switch element Q
2Conducting, at this moment, magnetizing inductance L
mWith first inductance L
pBe charged state, magnetizing inductance L
mElectric current I
m, first electric current I
1And second electric current I
2Understand along with the time increases, wherein, the first elementary winding N
P1With magnetizing inductance L
mThe voltage relationship formula at two ends is (V
p-V
a), this voltage can make magnetizing inductance L
mElectric current I
mWith first electric current I
1The slope that increases of electric current be about (V
p-V
a)/L
m, and the first elementary winding N that flows through
P1, magnetizing inductance L
m, first capacitor C
1And second switch element Q
2, and first inductance L
pThe voltage relationship formula at two ends is (V
r-V
a), this voltage can make second electric current I
2The slope that increases of electric current be about
Or
And first inductance L of flowing through
p, first capacitor C
1And second switch element Q
2
Between time t2 and time t3, the first switch element Q
1Conducting, second switch element Q
2End, at this moment, magnetizing inductance L
mWith first inductance L
pBe discharge condition, magnetizing inductance L
mElectric current I
m, first electric current I
1And second electric current I
2Understand along with time decreased, wherein, the first elementary winding N
P1With magnetizing inductance L
mThe voltage relationship formula at two ends is V
a, this voltage can make magnetizing inductance L
mElectric current I
mThe slope that reduces of electric current be about V
a/ L
m, and the first elementary winding N that flows through
P1, magnetizing inductance L
m, first capacitor C
1And the first switch element Q
1, and first inductance L
pThe voltage relationship formula at two ends is (V
p+ V
a-V
r), this voltage can make second electric current I
2The slope that reduces of electric current be about
Or
And first inductance L of flowing through
p, first capacitor C
1And younger brother one switch element Q
1From the above, second electric current I
2Electric current reduce with the slope that increases all with AC-input voltage V
InWaveform relevant, make second electric current I
2CURRENT DISTRIBUTION and AC-input voltage V
InRelevant, make second electric current I simultaneously
2Envelope curve and AC-input voltage V
InWaveform similarity, and then make single-stage exchange type power conversion circuit 1 of the present invention at operating state signal V
Ps-onWhen being expressed as normal operating condition, has the function of power factor correction.
Between time t3 and time t4, magnetizing inductance L
mWith first inductance L
pState, magnetizing inductance L
mElectric current I
m, first electric current I
1And second electric current I
2Along with change of time, between time t1 and time t2, magnetizing inductance L
mWith first inductance L
pState, magnetizing inductance L
mElectric current I
m, first electric current I
1And second electric current I
2Variation.And between time t4 and the time t5, magnetizing inductance L
mWith first inductance L
pState, magnetizing inductance L
mElectric current I
m, first electric current I
1And second electric current I
2Along with change of time, between time t2 and time t3, magnetizing inductance L
mWith first inductance L
pState, magnetizing inductance L
mElectric current I
m, first electric current I
1And second electric current I
2Variation.
See also Fig. 3, Fig. 4 A, Fig. 4 B and Fig. 4 C, wherein Fig. 4 C is the sequential sketch map of another part voltage, electric current and the state of Fig. 4 A.Shown in Fig. 4 C, Fig. 4 C is similar with Fig. 4 B, different is in the first switch element Q in first switching circuit 12
1With second switch element Q
2By and out of service, and the 3rd switch element Q of second switch circuit 13
3Conducting or by ground operation makes the first direct voltage V
DCElectric energy by the first elementary winding N of transformer T
P1Be sent to secondary winding N
s, be operating state signal V this moment
Ps-onBe expressed as armed state.
Another difference is, magnetizing inductance L
mWith first inductance L
pDuring for charged state, the first elementary winding N
P1With magnetizing inductance L
mThe voltage relationship formula at two ends is V
p, this voltage can make magnetizing inductance L
mElectric current I
mWith first electric current I
1The slope that increases of electric current be about V
p/ L
m, and the first elementary winding N that flows through
P1, magnetizing inductance L
m, first capacitor C
1And the 3rd switch element Q
3, and first inductance L
pThe voltage relationship formula at two ends is V
r, this voltage can make second electric current I
2The slope that increases of electric current be about
Or
And first inductance L of flowing through
p, first capacitor C
1And the 3rd switch element Q
3Another difference is magnetizing inductance L
mWith first inductance L
pDuring for discharge condition, the first elementary winding N
P1With magnetizing inductance L
mThe voltage relationship formula at two ends is nV
o, this voltage can make magnetizing inductance L
mElectric current I
mThe slope that reduces of electric current be about nV
o/ L
m, and the first elementary winding N that flows through
P1With magnetizing inductance L
m, wherein n is the first elementary winding N
P1With secondary winding N
sTurn ratio (turn ratio), and first inductance L
pThe voltage relationship formula at two ends is (V
p+ nV
o-V
r), this voltage can make second electric current I
2The slope that reduces of electric current be about
Or
From the above, second electric current I
2Electric current reduce with the slope that increases all with AC-input voltage V
InWaveform relevant, make second electric current I
2CURRENT DISTRIBUTION and AC-input voltage V
InRelevant, make second electric current I simultaneously
2Envelope curve and AC-input voltage V
InWaveform similarity, and then make single-stage exchange type power conversion circuit 1 of the present invention at operating state signal V
Ps-onWhen being expressed as armed state, equally has the function of power factor correction.
See also Fig. 3 and Fig. 5, wherein Fig. 5 is the circuit structure diagram of the single-stage exchange type power conversion circuit of another preferred embodiment of the present invention.As shown in Figure 5, single-stage exchange type power conversion circuit shown in Figure 5 is similar in appearance to single-stage exchange type power conversion circuit shown in Figure 3, and difference is that transformer T also comprises the second elementary winding N
P2, and first inductance L
pBe not connected, but be connected in the second output 10b and the second elementary winding N of rectification circuit 10 with first switching circuit 12 and second switch circuit 13
P2An end between, and the second elementary winding N
P2The other end be connected in the first elementary winding N
P1An end, the first output 10a of rectification circuit 10, input capacitance C
InAn end and first switching circuit 12.Wherein, the first elementary winding N
P1With the second elementary winding N
P2Turn ratio be k.
Please consult Fig. 3, Fig. 4 A, Fig. 4 B, Fig. 4 C and Fig. 5 again.Single-stage exchange type power conversion circuit 1 operation of Fig. 5 is similar in appearance to Fig. 3; And equally has the capability correction function; In addition; The sequential sketch map of voltage, electric current and state when the single-stage exchange type power conversion circuit 1 of Fig. 5 moves is also similar in appearance to Fig. 4 A, Fig. 4 B and Fig. 4 C, and difference is magnetizing inductance L
mWith first inductance L
pDuring for charged state, first inductance L
pThe voltage relationship formula at two ends is V
r-(V
o/
k), this voltage can make second electric current I
2The slope that increases of electric current be about
Or
And first inductance L of flowing through
p, the second elementary winding N
P2And magnetizing inductance L
m, and magnetizing inductance L
mWith first inductance L
pDuring for discharge condition, first inductance L
pThe voltage relationship formula at two ends is V
p+ (nV
o/ k)-V
r, this voltage can make second electric current I
2The slope that reduces of electric current be about
Or
And first inductance L of flowing through
p, the second elementary winding N
P2And magnetizing inductance L
m
See also Fig. 3 and Fig. 6, wherein Fig. 6 is the circuit structure diagram of the rectification circuit of another preferred embodiment of the present invention.Rectification circuit 10 as shown in Figure 6 comprises the first diode D equally similar in appearance to rectification circuit shown in Figure 3 10
1, the second diode D
2, the 3rd diode D
3With the 4th diode D
4The bridge rectifier that is constituted, difference are that rectification circuit shown in Figure 6 10 does not comprise the 6th diode D
6Be connected between the first output 10a of positive output end 101 and rectification circuit 10 of bridge rectifier, but comprise the 7th diode D
7With the 8th diode D
8, wherein, the 7th diode D
7Be connected between the first input end 10c and the second output 10b of rectification circuit 10 the 8th diode D
8Be connected between the second input 10d and the second output 10b of rectification circuit 10.In present embodiment, by first electric current I of the first output 10a of rectification circuit 10 output
1The loop on only through two diodes, likewise, by second electric current I of the second output 10b output of rectification circuit 10
2The loop on also only through two diodes, therefore, the electric energy of diode institute loss is less relatively, overall performance is higher relatively.
In some embodiment, single-stage exchange type power conversion circuit 1 of the present invention can not comprise rectification circuit 10 (not shown), and directly receives the first direct voltage V
DCLikewise, the operation of first switching circuit 12 or second switch circuit 13 can make the first direct voltage V
DCElectric energy by the first elementary winding N of transformer T
P1Be sent to secondary winding N
sWherein, control circuit 16 equally can be in time according to status signal V
Ps-onControl first switching circuit 12 or 13 operations of second switch circuit; Increase the ability of single-stage exchange type power conversion circuit 1 power supply with the number that increases the switch element operation, or the number that reduces the switch element operation unnecessary switch cost when reducing the switch element operation.
In sum; Single-stage exchange type power conversion circuit of the present invention can in time be adjusted the number of switch element operation in the single-stage exchange type power conversion circuit according to the running status of circuit system in the electronic product; Can reduce single-stage exchange type power conversion circuit unnecessary switch cost and increase overall operation efficiency when armed state; Reduce the generation of heat energy relatively; Make electronic product and single-stage exchange type power conversion circuit when armed state, lower operating temperature can be arranged, make electronic product when armed state, can not rise and cause electronic product and single-stage exchange type power conversion circuit overheated and burn because of the ambient temperature of place to place.In addition; Single-stage exchange type power conversion circuit of the present invention also has the function of power factor correction, and the CURRENT DISTRIBUTION that exchanges input current can be too unconcentrated, the less electronic equipment that can not disturb other of the harmonic wave of generation; And power factor is higher; The apparent power of input is less, provides the electric power system of AC-input voltage that lower power capacity can be arranged, and the loss of electric energy in the transmission of electricity networking is also lower.Moreover; Single-stage exchange type power conversion circuit of the present invention is a single stage type, and uses simple circuit promptly can have the function of power factor correction, does not need to be connected in extra circuit of power factor correction the input side of power-switching circuit; So circuit makes circuit cost reduce simply relatively.
The present invention must be appointed by those of ordinary skills and executes that the craftsman thinks and be to modify as all, however the scope of the appended claim institute desire protection of neither disengaging.
Claims (20)
1. single-stage exchange type power conversion circuit, in order to produce output voltage to a circuit system, this single-stage exchange type power conversion circuit comprises:
One transformer has one first elementary winding and a level winding;
One voltage level produces circuit, and the one of which end is connected in this first elementary winding, in order to produce a boost voltage;
One first switching circuit is connected in this first elementary winding, an input side connects end altogether, and is connected with the other end that this voltage level produces circuit, and comprises one first switch element and a second switch element;
One second switch circuit; The end, this first elementary winding and this input side that are connected in this voltage level generation circuit connect end altogether; And comprise one the 3rd switch element, the 3rd switch element is connected in this input side and connects altogether between the end of end and this voltage level generation circuit;
One current rectifying and wave filtering circuit is connected in this secondary winding and this circuit system, in order to rectification and filtering and produce this output voltage;
One feedback circuit is connected in this current rectifying and wave filtering circuit, in order to produce a feedback signal according to this output voltage; And
One control circuit; Be connected in this first switching circuit, this second switch circuit, this feedback circuit and this circuit system; In order to according to an operating state signal of this feedback signal and this circuit system this first switching circuit of control and this second switch circuit alternate run, the energy of one first direct voltage is sent to this secondary winding by this first elementary winding of this transformer; Wherein, when this operating state signal is expressed as armed state, out of service, this second switch circuit operation of this this first switching circuit of control circuit control.
2. single-stage exchange type power conversion circuit as claimed in claim 1 also comprises an input capacitance, is connected in this first elementary winding and this input side and connects altogether between the end, in order to filtering.
3. single-stage exchange type power conversion circuit as claimed in claim 1; Also comprise a rectification circuit; First output of this rectification circuit is connected in this first elementary winding, in order to produce this first direct voltage with an AC-input voltage rectification and at first output of this rectification circuit.
4. single-stage exchange type power conversion circuit as claimed in claim 3; Wherein this rectification circuit comprises the bridge rectifier that one first diode, one second diode, one the 3rd diode and one the 4th diode constitute; The positive output end of this bridge rectifier is connected in first output of this rectification circuit, and the negative output terminal of this bridge rectifier and this input side connect end altogether and be connected.
5. single-stage exchange type power conversion circuit as claimed in claim 3; Also comprise one first inductance; And this rectification circuit also comprises second output and exports a commutating voltage, and wherein, this first inductance is connected between second output of primary side and this rectification circuit of this transformer.
6. single-stage exchange type power conversion circuit as claimed in claim 5; Wherein an end of this first inductance is connected in second output of this rectification circuit, and the other end of this first inductance is connected in the interconnective contact of an end that produces circuit and this second switch circuit with this first elementary winding, this voltage level.
7. single-stage exchange type power conversion circuit as claimed in claim 5; Wherein this transformer also comprises one second elementary winding; And this first inductance is connected between the end of second output and this second elementary winding of this rectification circuit, and the other end of this second elementary winding is connected in and an end of this first elementary winding, first output and the interconnective contact of this first switching circuit of this rectification circuit.
8. single-stage exchange type power conversion circuit as claimed in claim 5; Wherein this rectification circuit comprises a bridge rectifier and one the 6th diode that one first diode, one second diode, one the 3rd diode and one the 4th diode constitute; The 6th diode is connected between first output of positive output end and this rectification circuit of this bridge rectifier, and second output of this rectification circuit is connected in an end of the 6th diode and the positive output end of this bridge rectifier.
9. single-stage exchange type power conversion circuit as claimed in claim 5; Wherein this rectification circuit comprises a bridge rectifier, one the 7th diode and one the 8th diode that one first diode, one second diode, one the 3rd diode and one the 4th diode constitute; The 7th diode is connected between the first input end and second output of this rectification circuit, and the 8th diode is connected between second input and second output of this rectification circuit.
10. single-stage exchange type power conversion circuit as claimed in claim 1, wherein the switch element number of this first switching circuit is more than the switch element number of this second switch circuit.
11. single-stage exchange type power conversion circuit as claimed in claim 1, wherein this voltage level generation circuit is first electric capacity or auxiliary transformer.
12. single-stage exchange type power conversion circuit as claimed in claim 1, wherein this current rectifying and wave filtering circuit comprises:
One the 5th diode, the cathode terminal of the 5th diode are connected in an end of this secondary winding, and the anode tap of the 5th diode is connected in an end of this circuit system; And
One output capacitance, an end of this output capacitance is connected in the anode tap of the 5th diode, and the other end and an outlet side that the other end of this output capacitance is connected in the other end of this circuit system, this secondary winding connect end altogether.
13. single-stage exchange type power conversion circuit as claimed in claim 1, wherein when this operating state signal was expressed as normal operating condition, this control circuit was controlled this first switching circuit operation and controls this second switch circuit out of service.
14. a single-stage exchange type power conversion circuit, in order to produce output voltage to a circuit system, this single-stage exchange type power conversion circuit comprises:
One transformer has one first elementary winding, one second elementary winding and a level winding;
One voltage level produces circuit, and the end that this voltage level produces circuit is connected in first end of this first elementary winding or first end of this second elementary winding, in order to produce a boost voltage;
One first switching circuit, be connected in second end, this second elementary winding of this first elementary winding second end, and an input side connect end altogether, and be connected, and comprise one first switch element and a second switch element with the other end that this voltage level produces circuit;
One second switch circuit is connected in first end of this first elementary winding or first end and this input side of this second elementary winding and connects between the end altogether, and comprises one the 3rd switch element;
One current rectifying and wave filtering circuit is connected in this secondary winding and this circuit system, in order to rectification and filtering and produce this output voltage;
One feedback circuit is connected in this current rectifying and wave filtering circuit, in order to produce a feedback signal according to this output voltage; And
One control circuit; Be connected in this first switching circuit, this second switch circuit, this feedback circuit and this circuit system; In order to according to an operating state signal of this feedback signal and this circuit system this first switching circuit of control and this second switch circuit alternate run, the energy of one first direct voltage is sent to this secondary winding by this first elementary winding or this second elementary winding of this transformer; Wherein, when this operating state signal is expressed as armed state, out of service, this second switch circuit operation of this this first switching circuit of control circuit control.
15. single-stage exchange type power conversion circuit as claimed in claim 14; Wherein second end of this second elementary winding is connected in second end of this first elementary winding and this first switch element of this first switching circuit; First end of this second elementary winding is connected in this second switch circuit; And first end and this input side that this second switch circuit is connected in this second elementary winding connect between the end altogether; And this voltage level produces first end that an end of circuit is connected in this first elementary winding, and the other end that this voltage level produces circuit is connected between this first switch element and this second switch element of this first switching circuit.
16. single-stage exchange type power conversion circuit as claimed in claim 14, wherein an end of this second switch circuit is connected in first end of this first elementary winding, and an end of this voltage level generation circuit is connected in this second elementary winding.
17. single-stage exchange type power conversion circuit as claimed in claim 14 also comprises an input capacitance, is connected in this first elementary winding and this input side and connects altogether between the end, in order to filtering.
18. single-stage exchange type power conversion circuit as claimed in claim 14; Also comprise a rectification circuit; First output of this rectification circuit is connected in this first elementary winding and this second elementary winding, in order to produce this first direct voltage with an AC-input voltage rectification and at first output of this rectification circuit.
19. single-stage exchange type power conversion circuit as claimed in claim 14, wherein the switch element number of this first switching circuit is more than the switch element number of this second switch circuit.
20. single-stage exchange type power conversion circuit as claimed in claim 14, wherein when this operating state signal was expressed as normal operating condition, this control circuit was controlled this first switching circuit operation and controls this second switch circuit out of service.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008101798032A CN101753027B (en) | 2008-12-05 | 2008-12-05 | Single-stage exchange type power conversion circuit |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008101798032A CN101753027B (en) | 2008-12-05 | 2008-12-05 | Single-stage exchange type power conversion circuit |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101753027A CN101753027A (en) | 2010-06-23 |
| CN101753027B true CN101753027B (en) | 2012-05-30 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008101798032A Active CN101753027B (en) | 2008-12-05 | 2008-12-05 | Single-stage exchange type power conversion circuit |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN101753027B (en) |
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2008
- 2008-12-05 CN CN2008101798032A patent/CN101753027B/en active Active
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| JP特开平9-289774 1997.11.04 |
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| CN101753027A (en) | 2010-06-23 |
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