CN101752623B - Charge control method of secondary battery and charge control device - Google Patents
Charge control method of secondary battery and charge control device Download PDFInfo
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- CN101752623B CN101752623B CN2009102526504A CN200910252650A CN101752623B CN 101752623 B CN101752623 B CN 101752623B CN 2009102526504 A CN2009102526504 A CN 2009102526504A CN 200910252650 A CN200910252650 A CN 200910252650A CN 101752623 B CN101752623 B CN 101752623B
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
The invention provides a charge control method of secondary battery capable of ensuring the safety even if the battery temperature is higher than normal temperature and also capable of reliably charging till required charging capacity within short time. In the method, when the temperature of the secondary battery is lower than the preset temperature threshold, the full charge of the secondary battery is judged, and the output voltage of a charger is limited to the charging voltage permitted by the secondary battery for charging the secondary battery; when the temperature of the secondary battery is higher than the temperature threshold, the full charge is not judged, and the output voltage of the charger is limited to a voltage lower than the charging voltage permitted by the secondary battery for charging the secondary battery.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of not temperature influence and can stablize and charge control method and the battery charge controller of the secondary cell that at high speed the such secondary cell of for example lithium ion battery charged.
Background technology
The charger that for example charging of the such secondary cell of lithium ion battery, normal operation can limit respectively output voltage and output current carries out under charging voltage that above-mentioned secondary cell allows and charging current.But, in order safely secondary cell to be charged, as shown in Figure 5, advocate the side (for example, with reference to non-patent literature 1) according to its charging voltage of temperature limiting or the charging current of secondary cell.
Particularly, the temperature of secondary cell for example is divided into 10～45 ℃ normal temperature zone, low-temperature region and the high-temperature area more than 45 ℃ below 10 ℃, in the normal temperature zone of common state, the output voltage of described charger and output current is restricted to respectively charging voltage and the charging current that described secondary cell allows and comes secondary cell is charged.For example, during for lithium ion battery, the output voltage maximum of charger is set as 4.21V/cell, in addition, the output current maximum is set as 0.7C charges.And, in low-temperature region and high-temperature area, advocate and under the following conditions secondary cell is charged, that is: the output voltage of described charger is forced down than the charged electrical that allows in the normal temperature zone, for example, be restricted to 4.06V/cell, perhaps, make the output current of described charger lower than the charging current that allows in the normal temperature zone, for example be restricted to 0.3C.Electronic information technology industry association of [non-patent literature] (society) (society) battery industry meeting " about notebook computer lithium rechargeable battery safe utilization guide " is put down on April 20th, 19
But, as previously discussed, consider fail safe and when limiting one of the charging voltage of the secondary cell under the high-temperature area or charging current (one of the output voltage of charger or output current), can not negate therefore to cause the needed time of charging of secondary cell to become very long.Particularly, when the output voltage that reduces charger comes secondary cell charged, the problem that the charging capacity of secondary cell reduces when existing charging to finish.Particularly, compare with the situation of under 4.2V secondary cell being charged, when under 4.1V secondary cell being charged, the charging capacity of secondary cell is than low roughly 30% the unfavorable condition of its specified charging capacity when existing charging to finish.
Summary of the invention
The present invention considers these problems and realizes, even its purpose is to provide a kind of temperature at secondary cell than normal temperature in the regional high situation, charge control method and the secondary battery device of the secondary cell till also can guaranteeing its fail safe and can charging to reliably at short notice required charging capacity.
The present invention be conceived to when the temperature of secondary cell more regional when high than normal temperature, even limit its charging voltage to such an extent that force down than specified charged electrical, as long as how the charging current of charging during the initial stage just can avoid the long-term of charging interval, and, although judge the problem that when completely charging can produce above-mentioned charging capacity according to the reduction of charging current this moment, but owing to the reduction along with charging current, battery temperature also can reduce, therefore as long as make charging voltage get back to specified charging voltage in the moment that battery temperature is got back to the normal temperature zone, just can as in the past, judge reliably to expire and charge.
Therefore, to achieve these goals, the characteristics of the charge control method of secondary cell of the present invention are, when coming secondary cell charged with the charger that can limit output voltage, when the temperature of described secondary cell is lower than predefined temperature threshold, full charging to described secondary cell is judged, and the output voltage of described charger is restricted to the charging voltage that described secondary cell allows to be come this secondary cell is charged, when the temperature of described secondary cell is higher than described temperature threshold, do not carry out the judgement of described full charging, the output voltage of described charger is restricted to the voltage that the charged electrical that allows than described secondary cell forces down comes described secondary cell is charged.At this moment, for the output current from charger output, as long as according to battery temperature, it is got final product in the scope of the maximum charging current that described secondary cell allows.In addition, judge for the full charging of described secondary cell, as long as detect the charging current of latter stage to described secondary cell of charging.
In addition, the battery charge controller of secondary cell of the present invention is characterized in that, possesses: charger, and it can limit output voltage, and is used for the charging of secondary cell; Test section, it detects respectively charging voltage, charging current and the battery temperature of described secondary cell; And control device, it controls the output voltage of described charger according to charging voltage, charging current and battery temperature by the detected described secondary cell of this test section; Particularly, described control device possesses: the first controlling organization, when its temperature at described secondary cell is lower than predefined temperature threshold, charging current according to described secondary cell judges the full charging of this secondary cell, and the output voltage of described charger is restricted to the charging voltage that described secondary cell allows comes this secondary cell is charged; With the second controlling organization, when its temperature at described secondary cell is higher than described temperature threshold, do not carry out the judgement of described full charging, the output voltage of described charger is restricted to the voltage that the charged electrical that allows than described secondary cell forces down comes described secondary cell is charged.
In addition, other the battery charge controller of secondary cell of the present invention is characterised in that, except above-mentioned structure, described control device also possesses the 3rd controlling organization, when its temperature at described secondary cell terminal voltage higher than described temperature threshold and described secondary cell is higher than the charging voltage that is limited by described the second controlling organization, cut off the charging current to described secondary cell.
(invention effect)
Charge control method and battery charge controller according to secondary cell of the present invention, when the battery temperature of secondary cell higher than predefined temperature threshold, when namely particularly high than the maximum temperature in regulation normal temperature zone, do not carry out the judgement of full charging, the output voltage of the charger that will charge to described secondary cell is restricted to the voltage that the charged electrical that allows than this secondary cell forces down and charges, in addition, if lower than described temperature threshold, when namely particularly battery temperature reduces along with the reduction of charging current, with the charging voltage that described secondary cell was allowed secondary cell is charged, therefore can not cause the long-term of charging interval, can make secondary cell reliably charge to specified charging capacity.
In addition, when the temperature of described secondary cell terminal voltage higher than described temperature threshold and described secondary cell is higher than the charging voltage that is limited by described the second controlling organization, by cutting off the charging current to described secondary cell, can carry out steady temperature control to secondary cell, thereby can prevent the abnormal ascending of secondary cell temperature.Description of drawings Fig. 1 is the major part schematic configuration diagram of battery charge controller of charge control method of having used the secondary cell of one embodiment of the present invention.Fig. 2 is the figure of an example of the expression control sequence that realizes charge control method of the present invention.The figure of the situation of change of Fig. 3 charging voltage that to be expression change according to the switching of the charging control mode of secondary cell of the present invention and charging current.Fig. 4 is the major part schematic configuration diagram of the battery charge controller (charger) of the secondary cell of other execution mode of the present invention.Fig. 5 is the restriction example of charging voltage that the fail safe of secondary cell is set and rechargeable battery is considered in expression according to battery temperature figure.Among the figure: the 1-secondary cell; The 5-current detecting part; 6,7-control switch; 8-temperature detecting part (battery temperature testing agency); 20-control/operational part; The 20a-controlling organization that charges; 20b-decision mechanism; The 21-multiplexer; 22,23-AD converter; 31-control/power supply unit (charger); The 40-secondary cell; The 41-thermistor; The 42-battery pack; 51-constant voltage current and power supply; The 52-switch; 53-shunt resistance (current detecting part); 54-microcomputer (microcomputer).
Embodiment
Below, with reference to accompanying drawing, charge control method and battery charge controller about the secondary cell of one embodiment of the present invention are described.Fig. 1 is the schematic configuration diagram that adopts the major part of the battery charge controller that charge control method of the present invention constructs, the 10th, possess the Battery pack of secondary cell 1 and this battery charge controller, and the 30th, the electronic equipments such as notebook computer.This Battery pack 10 as the power supply of electronic equipment 30 and be used, is organized described secondary cell 1 in this Battery pack 10 and basically is connected with built-in control/power supply unit (charger) 31 in the described electronic equipment 30 and is recharged when not using source power supply.
In addition, the charging of the described secondary cell 1 of Battery pack 10 provides at the control/power supply unit (charger) 31 to described electronic equipment 30 under the state of source power supply and to accept electric power from this control/power supply unit (charger) 31 and supply with (direct current power) and carry out.And, when stopping to provide source power supply to described electronic equipment 30, owing to charging is accumulated in electric energy in the described secondary cell 1 is provided for this electronic equipment 30 by the described control/power supply unit 31 of described electronic equipment 30 main part CPU or memory even load 32.
And for example connection in series-parallel connects the battery pack that a plurality of battery units 2 are used as guaranteeing regulation cell voltage and battery capacity, thus the secondary cell 1 that realization is made of lithium ion battery or nickel hydride battery etc.When this secondary cell 1 for example uses the battery unit 2 that is full of under the electricity condition as 4.2V as lithium ion battery, by three grades of series connected battery unit 2, realize having as a whole the battery of the cell voltage of 12.6V.In addition, by making battery unit at different levels 2 a plurality of battery units that are connected in parallel respectively, guarantee necessary electrical capacity.
By the way, for example use the connector 3 that is consisted of by metallic plate or guide line to realize being connected in parallel and being connected in series of these a plurality of battery units 2, these stacks of cells are combined into one also realize secondary cell 1 after the package cargo.In addition, according to load (electronic equipment 30), and according to the progression of be connected in parallel number or the battery unit 2 that is connected in series that secondary cell 1 desired specification (cell voltage, battery capacity) are decided battery unit 2, obviously, be not limited only to the secondary cell 1 of illustrative three parallel connections of Fig. 1, three grades of cascaded structures.In addition, in such secondary cell 1, for example the one group enters to be useful on the thermistor equitemperature transducer 4 that detects its battery temperature T.
On the other hand, Battery pack 10 possesses current detecting part (current detecting mechanism) 5 for detection of this charging and discharging currents I in the path that discharges and recharges of described secondary cell 1.This current detecting part 5 for example is inserted into by series connection and above-mentionedly discharges and recharges shunt resistance on the path, consists of according to the sensing amplifier of the charging and discharging currents I of the described secondary cell 1 of voltage detecting that produces between these shunt resistance two ends.In addition, obviously, according to sense of current, the polarity of the voltage that produces between the two ends based on above-mentioned shunt resistance judges that the electric current that discharges and recharges the path that flows through secondary cell 1 is charging current or discharging current.
In addition, discharging and recharging of described secondary cell 1 is respectively equipped be used to the charging control switch that overcharges (mechanism is forbidden in charging) 6 that stops described secondary cell 1, be used for stops the discharge control switch (mechanism is forbidden in discharge) 7 of the overdischarge of secondary cell 1 on the path.These control switchs 6,7 for example are inserted into described two P channel-type MOS-FET that discharge and recharge on the path by connecting respectively and consist of.These control switchs (FET) 6,7 are according to its conduction and cut-off action of control/operational part 20 controls described later, for example, when its grid applies the control signal of high level (H), cut off (cut-off) action, cut off respectively charging current or discharging current to described secondary cell 1.That is, described control switch (FET) 6,7 plays the effect of forbidding mechanism as discharging and recharging of the charging and discharging of forbidding respectively secondary cell 1.
In addition, for example realize described control/operational part 20 by microprocessor.This control/operational part 20 detects respectively and inputs the terminal voltage Vbat of described secondary cell 1 and the terminal voltage Vcell that consists of described each battery unit 2 of secondary cell 1 basically, and the battery temperature T that utilizes described temperature sensor 4 input temp test sections 8 to detect, and input is controlled respectively charging and discharging to described secondary cell 1 by the charging and discharging currents I of described current detecting part 5 detected secondary cells 1.
In addition, the illustrative described control/operational part 20 of Fig. 1 is optionally inputted voltage V1, V2, V3 and the cathode voltage V0 of each side of the positive electrode of three grades of a plurality of battery units 2 that are connected in series by multiplexer 21, and it is undertaken being taken into after the digital conversion by A/D converter 22.In addition, described control/operational part 20 will be taken into after by 23 digital conversions of A/D converter by described current detecting part 4 detected charging and discharging currents I.And, the battery temperature T that described control/operational part 20 inputs are detected by temperature detecting part 8.In addition, the sampling period of the input of above-mentioned each voltage and multiplexer 21 and A/D converter 22 synchronously carries out with the loop cycle of regulation.And, described control/operational part 20 is according to each cathode voltage V1, V2, V3 and the cathode voltage V0 of above-mentioned a plurality of battery units 2, detect respectively described secondary cell 1 terminal voltage Vbat (=V1-V0) and the terminal voltage Vcell1 of described each battery unit 2 (=V1-V2), Vcell2 (=V2-V3), Vcell3 (=V3-V0).
This control/operational part 20 plays following effect basically: the action by the described control/power supply unit 30 of communication process section 24 control and control the charging (full charging control) of described secondary cell 1; Described charging control switch 6 is turn-offed overcharge (additives for overcharge protection) that control stops described secondary cell 1; Described discharge control switch 7 is turn-offed the overdischarge (over) that control stops described secondary cell 1.And, the battery temperature T that control/operational part 20 has according to secondary cell 1 described later comes variable setting to the function of the charging voltage of this secondary cell 1, in other words, the function of the output voltage (maximum output voltage) of the described control/power supply unit 31 of variable setting.
In addition, as to lithium ion cell charging the time, make current value below the setting and make magnitude of voltage in the situation of setting with the lower constant current/constant-potential charge that charges, its charging current value becomes setting when following during constant-potential charge after the constant current charge, this is judged to be full charging, carries out thus the full charging control to secondary cell 1.In addition, when carrying out the full charging control of nickel hydride battery etc., for example, the terminal voltage Vbat climbed of this secondary cell 1 when secondary cell 1 is charged, and above-mentioned terminal voltage Vbat understands decline certain voltage (Δ V) behind peaking under fully charged state, utilize this phenomenon to judge full charging (100% charging) state (Δ V mode), and stop the charging to secondary cell 1.In addition, obviously, also can suitably adopt the various charging control modes of in the past advocating according to the variation of battery temperature T or the variation detection fully charged state of charging current I etc.In addition, because the present invention is not the full charging control itself of participating in secondary cell 1 directly, therefore omit other explanations to full charging control.
On the other hand; described additives for overcharge protection plays following effect: for example when the terminal voltage Vbat of secondary cell 1 has surpassed additives for overcharge protection voltage as predefined secondary cell 1; when each terminal voltage Vcell that perhaps consists of the multistage battery unit 2 of secondary cell 1 has surpassed additives for overcharge protection voltage intrinsic in each battery unit 2; make described charging control switch 6 work; thereby its charge path of mandatory cut-out stops its above charging (overcharging).In addition; owing to manage the terminal voltage Vbat of secondary cell 1 according to the full charging voltage in the charging control; therefore, only when the terminal voltage Vcell of each battery unit 2 had surpassed its additives for overcharge protection voltage, the overcharging of work that starts based on described charging control switch 6 prevented.
And; over plays following effect: when for example the terminal voltage Vbat of secondary cell 1 has approached over voltage as predefined secondary cell 1; when perhaps the terminal voltage Vcell of multistage battery unit 2 has approached over voltage intrinsic in each battery unit 2 or when having arrived over voltage; make described discharge control switch 7 work, thereby its charge path of mandatory cut-out prevents the deep discharge (overdischarge) of this secondary cell 1.Except these functions; described control/operational part 20 also possesses following functions etc.: when for example detecting charging and discharging currents to unusual (excessive) of secondary cell 1 according to described charging and discharging currents I; make charging control switch 6 and/or discharge control switch 7 work; thereby cut off it and discharge and recharge the path; not only protect thus secondary cell 1, also protect load 32 etc.
And, basically as constituted above in the secondary battery device, the invention is characterized in and possess following functions: basis is by described temperature detecting part 8 detected battery temperature T in described control/operational part 20, particularly, in the temperature T of described secondary cell 1 than normal temperature (for example, 10～45 ℃) in the high situation, the output voltage of control (restriction) described control/power supply unit (charger) 31, guarantee thus the fail safe of described secondary cell 1, (short time) charges to described secondary cell 1 at a high speed simultaneously.By the way, use the known Battery pack of lithium ion battery as secondary cell, usually, the constant current (maximum current is about about 0.5C) of utilized separate provision maximum current and maximum voltage/constant voltage (maximum voltage is about about 4.2V/ unit in parallel) is charged.
That is, the above-mentioned charging control function of work hangs down to carry out when basically being restricted to than normal temperature by the output voltage with described control/power supply unit (charger) 31 when the temperature of secondary cell 1 is higher than normal temperature.Particularly, the output voltage when being restricted to output voltage than normal temperature hangs down the above-mentioned control that secondary cell 1 is charged, and carries out under the state of forbidding based on the determination processing of the full charging of the reduction of described charging current.Particularly, under the state of forbidding full charging determination processing, by the output voltage with described control/power supply unit (charger) 31, be restricted to and set to such an extent that the maximum charging voltage of the described secondary cell 1 under the high-temperature area that forces down of the charged electrical that allows than described secondary cell 1 under the normal temperature carries out.
And, when the temperature of secondary cell 1 is got back to the normal temperature zone, remove the above-mentioned charge condition of setting output voltage low, the maximum charging voltage of setting when the output voltage of described control/power supply unit (charger) 31 is restricted to original normal temperature comes secondary cell 1 is charged, and also restarts the determination processing of described full charging simultaneously.Namely, the maximum of the output voltage of the control/power supply unit (charger) 31 that will charge to this secondary cell 1 according to the temperature of secondary cell 1 is restricted to two stages, can as described later secondary cell 1 reliably be charged to required charging capacity effectively when guaranteeing fail safe thus.
By being arranged on the controlling organization 20a in described control/operational part 20, and control the action of described control/power supply unit (charger) 31 via the communication of communication process section 24, realize thus such charging control function.In addition, the action of this controlling organization 20a is managed by the 20b of decision mechanism that is arranged in described control/operational part 20.That is, described controlling organization 20a possesses: the temperature T at described secondary cell 1 is in the situation in normal temperature zone, the first charging controlling organization that the maximum charging voltage Vmax that is allowed with secondary cell 1 charges to this secondary cell 1; Than the high high-temperature area of normal temperature (for example be in the temperature T of described secondary cell 1, more than 45 ℃) time, output voltage V out with described control/power supply unit (charger) 31, be restricted to and set than the maximum charging voltage VHmax of the described secondary cell 1 under the low described high-temperature area of the maximum charging voltage Vmax of described secondary cell 1, thus temperature T is in the second controlling organization that the secondary cell 1 of high-temperature area charges safely.In addition, this moment the output current Iout of described control/power supply unit (charger) 31 is not particularly limited.In other words, only output current Iout is restricted to below the above-mentioned maximum current.
In addition, when secondary cell 1 is lithium ion battery, for example as shown in Figure 5, the maximum charging voltage Vmax of the described secondary cell 1 that allows under the normal temperature zone is 4.21 ± 0.004V/cell, the maximum charging voltage VHmax of the described secondary cell 1 that allows under the high-temperature area in addition, is 4.06 ± 0.004V/cell.And the maximum charging current Imax of the described secondary cell 1 that allows under the normal temperature zone is 0.7C, and the maximum charging current IHmax of the described secondary cell 1 that limits under high-temperature area is 0.3C.Like this, when guaranteeing the fail safe of the secondary cell 1 under the high-temperature area, as long as one of the maximum charging voltage VHmax that restriction is above-mentioned or maximum charging current Imax just are enough to, therefore in described the second controlling organization, the output voltage V out that needs only described control/power supply unit (charger) 31 during the initial stage in its charging limits lowly.
When representing as secondary cell 1 rechargeable lithium ion battery, Fig. 2 specializes an example of the control sequence of charge control method of the present invention.Shown in this control sequence, when secondary cell 1 is charged, at first detect the temperature T of secondary cell 1, judge that this temperature is whether in 0～60 ℃ of scope (step S1).Afterwards, when the temperature of secondary cell 1 is below 0 ℃ or more than 60 ℃ the time, make this charging standby (step S2), and again judge the temperature T (step S1) of described secondary cell 1 at the appointed time.And, confirmed that the temperature T of secondary cell 1 begins to carry out afterwards its charging (step S3) in described 0～60 ℃ temperature province.
When having begun the charging process to secondary cell 1, again detect the temperature T of described secondary cell 1, and judge this temperature whether surpassed as the normal temperature zone with the critical temperature of high-temperature area predefined temperature threshold (for example 45 ℃).Afterwards, when battery temperature T does not surpass described temperature threshold, namely when the normal temperature zone, directly proceed the charging (step S5) of secondary cell 1 below the common output voltage V max (being 4.25V to the maximum) with the normal temperature zone.At this moment, judge that by the charging current I that monitors secondary cell 1 whether this secondary cell 1 has reached full charging (step S6), when not reaching full charging, carries out the determination processing of the battery temperature T shown in the described step S4 repeatedly.In addition, when carrying out the charging of the following secondary cell 1 of above-mentioned common output voltage V max, when detecting this secondary cell 1 and reached fully charged state according to the reduction of this charging current I (step S6), finish the charging (step S7) to secondary cell 1.
With respect to this, when carrying out the charging of the following secondary cell 1 of described common output voltage V max, the temperature of this secondary cell 1 has surpassed in the situation of described temperature threshold, when namely being the condition of high temperature, the output voltage V out of described control/power supply unit (charger) 31 is restricted to below the output voltage V Hmax (being 4.15V to the maximum) under the high-temperature area of setting lowly than described common output voltage V max, thereby proceeds the charging (step S8) of described secondary cell 1.Namely, in high-temperature area, make the output voltage V out of described control/power supply unit (charger) 31 be reduced to the maximum voltage VHmax of the fail safe that can guarantee secondary cell 1, continue this secondary cell 1 of charging under the condition that is applied to the voltage on the secondary cell 1 limiting thus.
In addition, when carrying out the charging of secondary cell 1, charge with the constant current/constant voltage of described regulation.Therefore, at the little initial stage that begins to charge of battery capacity, as shown in Figure 3, owing to charge with maximum current, therefore because the reasons such as the heating of battery, control/power supply unit (charger) 31 heatings cause battery temperature to rise.But along with charging, its charging capacity can increase gradually, descends if follow in this charging current, and the battery temperature that then rises at the charging initial stage as mentioned above can slowly descend.At this moment, even charging current becomes below the setting, full charging can be do not detected this as yet, and charging can be proceeded.Afterwards, battery temperature enters step S5 than described temperature threshold hour from described step S4.
Like this, in aforesaid charge control method, limit the output voltage V out of the control/power supply unit (charger) 31 as its charger according to charging voltage, charging current and the temperature of secondary cell 1, and switch the charging modes of this secondary cell 1, control the charging of described secondary cell 1, according to this charge control method, when the temperature T of secondary cell 1 reaches than the high high-temperature area of normal temperature, because the specified maximum charging voltage when limiting its charging voltage than normal temperature is low, therefore can effectively guarantee the fail safe of secondary cell 1.In addition, owing to by the restriction charging voltage, can under the maximum current that allows, effectively charge to secondary cell 1, therefore can effectively prevent the long-term of charging interval.In addition, when battery temperature is high and when reducing charging voltage and coming secondary cell 1 charged, owing to do not carry out judgement based on the full charging of the minimizing of this charging current, therefore can not cause reaching the unfavorable condition that finishes its charging before the charging capacity of regulation.
And, when secondary cell 1 is charged to the charging capacity of a certain degree, follow in the minimizing that fails to be convened for lack of a quorum of this charged electrical, and along with the minimizing of charging current, battery temperature can be lower than described temperature threshold.Like this, can again under the common charging voltage Vmax in normal temperature zone, carry out the charging of secondary cell 1.At this moment, because secondary cell has been charged to a certain degree, and cell voltage (terminal voltage) also uprised a certain degree, so its charging current can be so not large during the initial stage as charging.Therefore, can sharply not uprise because charging current causes the temperature of secondary cell 1.
Fig. 3 is illustrated in the situation of variation of charging voltage (terminal voltage), charging current and the battery temperature of the lower secondary cell 1 that charges of above-mentioned charging control.As shown in Figure 3, when beginning to carry out charging capacity for the charging of the secondary cell 1 of the state of [0], when this charging beginning, provide the output current [A during the initial charge] of the maximum that control/power supply unit (charger) 31 can export to secondary cell 1.Like this, because this large output current (charging current), the temperature of secondary cell 1 can sharply rise, and battery temperature can surpass described temperature threshold (for example 45 ℃ are set as 42.5 ℃ in Fig. 3) in the short time.Its result, detect that the output voltage V out of described control/power supply unit (charger) 31 is restricted to the maximum voltage of setting in the high-temperature area behind this battery temperature, namely set than the low voltage of maximum charging voltage of in the normal temperature zone, setting, under this output voltage to secondary cell 1 charge [B during the high-temperature charging].
Then, if continue secondary cell 1 is charged under the condition that limits this charging voltage low, then along with the increase of charging capacity, its charged electrical fails to be convened for lack of a quorum and reduces gradually, and battery temperature also can reduce thereupon gradually.But, owing under this condition, do not carry out the judgement of full charging, even therefore charging current has satisfied full charge condition, also can under its state, continue charging.Like this, when secondary cell 1 is charged, along with the further minimizing of charging current can make the temperature of secondary cell 1 further reduce, finally can return to the normal temperature zone less than described temperature threshold.
Like this, when battery temperature returned to the normal temperature zone, the output voltage V out of described control/power supply unit (charger) 31 can get back to below the original maximum charging voltage Vmax again, begins common charging [C between the normal temperature charge period].At this moment, because secondary cell 1 has been charged to a certain degree, and the cell voltage of secondary cell 1 (charging voltage) is increased to a certain degree, so its charging current is so large can be as the charging beginning time, on the electric current that is suppressed in a certain degree increases.
At this moment, if surpass temperature threshold owing to the charged electrical rheology causes greatly battery temperature to rise, then again under the condition that limits the charging voltage in the high-temperature area low, charge.Its result, the charged electrical reduction that fails to be convened for lack of a quorum.And, if charging current reduces, then following in this and battery temperature can return to the normal temperature zone, the output voltage V out of described control/power supply unit (charger) 31 can get back to below the original maximum charging voltage Vmax, thereby begins common charging.By repeatedly carrying out the change that mode is decided in such filling, battery temperature does not gradually become and can surpass temperature threshold in the charging below maximum charging voltage Vmax, can continue afterwards and the charging with maximum charging voltage Vmax under charge.
That is, along with charging, when battery temperature uprises again, under described temperature threshold, suppress the rising of battery temperature.Its result, described secondary cell 1 is controlled as steady temperature, charges under the state that is restricted to below the specified charging voltage simultaneously.And, when slowly reducing along with its charging current of the charging of carrying out secondary cell 1, judge full charging according to the reduction of its charging current, and when secondary cell 1 arrives fully charged state, stop its charging.
Its result, its temperature can rise secondary cell 1 owing to the large charging current that is provided during the initial stage in charging, thus, even its charging voltage is limited, also can effectively charge under above-mentioned electric current.And, if be charged to the capacity of a certain degree, when battery temperature descends along with the minimizing of charging current, the restriction of described charging voltage is disengaged, and proceeds its charging with common charge condition, therefore can charge at short notice reliably required charging capacity.In other words, even the temperature of secondary cell 1 rises to high-temperature area along with the beginning of charging, can guarantee that also its fail safe can charge simultaneously effectively at short notice at high speed.
Fig. 4 is be used to the figure that other execution mode of the present invention is described.This battery charge controller is suitable as built-in secondary cell 40 and battery temperature are detected the charger that charges with the so-called simple type battery group 42 of thermistor 41, possesses following each several part and consists of: switch 52, the series connection of can limit respectively the constant voltage current and power supply 51 of output voltage and output current, ON/OFF control being carried out in the output of this constant voltage current and power supply 51 is inserted in charging current in the charge path and detects and use shunt resistance 53 and as the microcomputer (microcomputer) 54 of control device.And, by microcomputer 54 detect respectively the charging voltage of the secondary cell 40 of described battery pack 42, by thermistor 41 detected battery temperatures and the charging current of trying to achieve by shunt resistance 53, simultaneously described switch 52 is carried out ON/OFF control, and similarly limit the output voltage of described constant voltage current and power supply 51 with above-mentioned execution mode.Obviously, in the battery charge controller (charger) that consists of like this, also can access effect, the effect identical with before execution mode.
In addition, the present invention is not limited in above-mentioned execution mode.For example, to the limits value of the output voltage of described charger, get final product according to setting as the kind of the secondary cell 1 of charging object and specification.Present invention focuses on, when this battery temperature becomes high temperature along with the charging of secondary cell, limit the judgement that its charging voltage is charged and stopped full charging, when its charging current minimizing and battery temperature are reduced to the normal temperature zone along with the capacity that is charged to a certain degree, return to the common charging control under the normal temperature zone, thus, effectively secondary cell 1 is charged to required charging capacity at short notice, in the scope that does not exceed this aim, can carry out implementing after the various distortion.
Claims (4)
1. the charge control method of a secondary cell is characterized in that,
When coming secondary cell charged with the charger that can limit output voltage,
When the temperature of described secondary cell is lower than predefined temperature threshold, the full charging of described secondary cell is judged, and the output voltage of described charger is restricted to the charging voltage that described secondary cell allows comes this secondary cell is charged,
When the temperature of described secondary cell is higher than described temperature threshold, do not carry out the judgement of described full charging, the output voltage of described charger is restricted to the voltage that the charged electrical that allows than described secondary cell forces down to be come described secondary cell is charged, the temperature of described secondary cell becomes when lower than described temperature threshold along with the increase of charging capacity, restart the judgement of described full charging, and the output voltage of described charger is restricted to the charging voltage that described secondary cell allows comes this secondary cell is charged.
2. the charge control method of secondary cell according to claim 1 is characterized in that,
The full charging judgement of described secondary cell is carried out the charging current of described secondary cell by detecting charging latter stage.
3. the battery charge controller of a secondary cell is characterized in that, possesses:
Charger, it can limit output voltage, and is used for the charging of secondary cell;
Test section, it detects respectively charging voltage, charging current and the battery temperature of described secondary cell; With
Control device, it controls the output voltage of described charger according to charging voltage, charging current and battery temperature by the detected described secondary cell of this test section;
Described control device possesses:
The first controlling organization, when its temperature at described secondary cell is lower than predefined temperature threshold, charging current according to described secondary cell judges the full charging of this secondary cell, and the output voltage of described charger is restricted to the charging voltage that described secondary cell allows comes this secondary cell is charged; With
The second controlling organization, when its temperature at described secondary cell is higher than described temperature threshold, do not carry out the judgement of described full charging, the output voltage of described charger is restricted to the voltage that the charged electrical that allows than described secondary cell forces down comes described secondary cell is charged
Along with charging capacity increases by the control of described the second controlling organization, become when lower than described temperature threshold in the temperature of described secondary cell, control by described the first controlling organization restarts the judgement of described full charging, and the output voltage of described charger is restricted to the charging voltage that described secondary cell allows comes this secondary cell is charged.
4. the battery charge controller of secondary cell according to claim 3 is characterized in that,
Described control device also possesses the 3rd controlling organization, when its temperature at described secondary cell terminal voltage higher than described temperature threshold and described secondary cell is higher than the charging voltage that is limited by described the second controlling organization, cut off the charging current to described secondary cell.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008-310856 | 2008-12-05 | ||
| JP2008310856A JP5361353B2 (en) | 2008-12-05 | 2008-12-05 | Charge control method and charge control device for secondary battery |
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| CN101752623A CN101752623A (en) | 2010-06-23 |
| CN101752623B true CN101752623B (en) | 2013-10-23 |
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| JP (1) | JP5361353B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN101752623B (en) |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN101752623A (en) | 2010-06-23 |
| JP2010136555A (en) | 2010-06-17 |
| JP5361353B2 (en) | 2013-12-04 |
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