CN101750746B - Three-dimensional image displayer - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a three-dimensional image displayer which has the function of tracing at least one observer. The three-dimensional image displayer comprises a detecting operation module and a display unit. The detecting operation module detects the position of the observer, defines N viewing fields which need to be generated by a display image correspondingly to two eyes of the observer, and outputs control information, wherein N is equal to or larger than 4. The display unit receives the control information and generates N viewing field images correspondingly to the N viewing fields. Each eye receives at least two viewing field images, and the two eyes respectively receive a plurality of viewing field images of different viewing fields.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of stereopsis display technique, there is tracing study person position to produce stereopsis.
Background technology
It is next main flow of display from generation to generation that three-dimensional display has been expected.At present three-dimensional display is mainly that to give the image that eyes have parallax be main, and its phenomenon by vision produces the effect of stereopsis.On display, in order to give respectively the image of the different parallaxes of eyes, its mechanism can be divided into time-multiplex mechanism and space multiplex's mechanism.
The three-dimensional display of space multiplex's mechanism, when showing, generally need to, by resolution mean allocation to each ken, show multiple ken images simultaneously.Between different ken images, have different parallaxes, the image that therefore left eye and right eye receive respectively the different kens will produce the effect of stereopsis.The quantity of the ken the more, allows observer to have the one-movement-freedom-degree of larger space, however due to the resolution of a display fixing under, show the multiple ken images to single image,, for single ken image, its resolution can reduce.Therefore so mode has the problem that ken number and resolution cannot be taken into account.For the three-dimensional display of time-multiplex mechanism, it more utilizes the phenomenon of the persistence of vision of eyes, at short notice, for example, in 1/60 second, sequentially sends respectively the image of the different kens to left eye and right eye, also can there is the effect of stereopsis, and without reducing image analytic degree.But, because it need to send multiple ken images at short notice, being therefore limited to display speed, it needs quite high frequency range to play stereopsis.
The fundamemtal phenomena of stereopsis visual effect is first described.Figure 1A-1B illustrates the visual effect schematic diagram of three-dimensional image.Consult Figure 1A, when left eye 100a and right eye 100b watch object 102, the sight line 104 of left eye 100a and right eye 100b has parallax and therefore produces stereoeffect.Due to the focus point (accommodation) of eyes and width, to play point (convergence) consistent again, and stereo object is clear to be manifested.
Consult Figure 1B, when the display element 106 by plane shows the image of corresponding two eyes, the focus point of the sight line 104a of left eye 100a can drop on a position on display element 106.The focus point of the sight line 104b of left eye 100b can drop on another position on display element 106.Although the demonstration by plane picture can produce inconsistent focus point, sight line 104a and 104b extend backward becomes sight line 108, and its plotted point is that width is played a little, and the width of corresponding actual object 102 is played a little.Therefore, by the image of plane, still can produce stereoeffect.But play a little inconsistently due to focus point and width, can cause eyes easily tired, uncomfortable sensation.
Fig. 2 illustrates another schematic diagram of mechanism of conventional stereo display.Consult Fig. 2, on display surface, show that image 114a, 114b that two of object 112 have a parallax supply with respectively eyes 100a, 100b and see and look, because parallax produces the stereoscopic vision of object 112.But it is as discussed previously, easily produce the problems such as eye fatigue.
Fig. 3 illustrates another schematic diagram of mechanism of conventional stereo display.Consult Fig. 3, by single some eyes, can receive multiple ken images, can lower the problem of playing a little inconsistent generation due to focus point and width.For example left eye 100a sees two ken image 114a, 116a looking different the kens on display plane simultaneously, and right eye 100b sees two ken image 114b, 116b looking different the kens on display plane simultaneously in addition.So, virtual entity article 112 can be established.The image of the high ken density of this Technology Need, is called again the display technique of super many kens (supper-multi-view, SMV).
Fig. 4 illustrates under the super many view processings of tradition (SMV) technology, the demand of ken number and arrangement schematic diagram.Consult Fig. 4, the width of the pupil of general eyes is about 2～4mm, and the distance of eyes is about 65mm, and eyes will receive at least two kens, and ken width approximately needs to be less than 2mm, and therefore total ken numerical example needs 32 according to appointment.If allow observer's head to move, ken number more needs to increase.
In conventional art, existing multiple design is suggested.United States Patent (USP) the 6th, 932, No. 476 files propose to utilize laser scanning prismatic mirror array (Lenticular array) element, wherein each prismatic mirror by light to a ken.When utilizing scanning again, by liquid crystal display (LCD), carry out show image content.By to the displacement a little of column lens array element, can there is other the ken.The scanning that recycling dioptric element is got back to vertical direction by image light deflection enters the image that liquid crystal display has shown the different kens.Utilize this kind of mechanism can reach the highdensity ken, and have the effect of high density image display.
United States Patent (USP) the 6th, 999, No. 071 files propose to utilize multiple projectors to project on the screen of prismatic mirror array simultaneously, increase total pixel of picture.On prismatic mirror array screen, on each prismatic mirror, converge the pixel that Ge Tai projector projects, and be dispensed in all angles of space, utilize prismatic mirror array screen that image is made to level and extends perpendicular.
Also have in addition other stereo display technique, for example United States Patent (USP) the 7th, 084,841 and No. 2002/0051118th, open file etc. have and disclose different designs.But, because the problem of considering is different, produce other relative merits.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of holographic display device, there is at least one observer's of trace function.This holographic display device comprises detecting computing module and display unit.Detecting computing module detecting observer's position, and to two eyes that should observer with planning show image to N the ken that should two required generations of eyes, and output control information, wherein N≤4.Display unit receives this control information, and corresponding N the ken produces N ken image.Each eye receives at least two ken images, and two eyes receive respectively multiple ken images of the different kens.
The present invention provides again a kind of holographic display device, comprises display unit, in order to show multiple ken images.Display unit is in order to show multiple ken images.Light source module in order to provide light source to this display unit to show these ken images.Optical module can, by these ken images of diverse location on this display unit, project the sight visual space of different directions, gives two eyes of observer, and wherein each these eye receives at least two of these ken image quantity.Detecting computing module is detected two positions of these two eyes of this observer, and processes and calculate this image information, for these two positions of these two eyes of this observer, controls this display unit to show these ken images.
The present invention provides again a kind of holographic display device, comprises display unit, in order to show image information, sequentially shows multiple ken images of the different kens within the unit interval with display frequency.The image that light source module synchronously provides light source to make to produce this image information to this display unit, produces these ken images.Light shielding module makes this image cover or penetrate according to frequency, in the mode of time-multiplex, observer's two eyes is had respectively to these ken images of different parallaxes, and each eye is provided within the unit interval at least two of these ken images.Detecting computing module is detected two positions of these two eyes of this observer, and processes and calculate this image information, for these two positions of these two eyes of this observer, controls this display unit and shows.
The present invention provides again a kind of 3 D image display method, comprises two positions of two eyes detecting observer; According to these two positions, send multiple ken images of arranging in advance or carrying out analytic operation and complete arrangement; Sending these ken image to display units broadcasts; According to the multiple bands of position on this display unit, these multiple ken images are distributed on the sight visual space of different directions.The continuation that can circulate of above-mentioned step.
For above and other object of the present invention, feature and advantage can be become apparent, preferred embodiment cited below particularly, and coordinate institute's accompanying drawing, be described in detail below.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Figure 1A-1B illustrates the visual effect schematic diagram of three-dimensional image.
Fig. 2 illustrates another schematic diagram of mechanism of conventional stereo display.
Fig. 3 illustrates another schematic diagram of mechanism of conventional stereo display.
Fig. 4 illustrates under traditional SMV technology, the demand of ken number and arrangement schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 illustrates according to the embodiment of the present invention, holographic display device structural representation.
Fig. 6 illustrates according to the embodiment of the present invention, the planning schematic diagram of ken image.
Fig. 7 illustrates according to another embodiment of the present invention, the planning schematic diagram of ken image.
Fig. 8-9 illustrate according to the embodiment of the present invention, have the number planning schematic diagram of two observers' the ken.
Description of reference numerals
100a: left eye
100b: right eye
102,112: object
104,104a, 104b, 108: sight line
106: display element
114a, 114a, 116b, 116b: ken image
500: display unit
502: grating array
504: display panel
506: light source module
508: detecting computing module
510: see visual space
514a: left eye ken image
514b: right eye ken image
516: prismatic mirror array chip
518a, 518b: path
520a, 520b: region
600,700: see visual space
602a, 702a: left eye position
602b, 702b: right eye position
Embodiment
The present invention utilizes the mode of observer's trace in conjunction with the stereo display mechanism of many kens, reaches novel stereopsis display technique.Dimensional image display can usage space multiplex (MUX) display mechanism and time-multiplex display mechanism.Below for some embodiment as description of the invention, but the present invention is not limited only to some lifted embodiment.Separately for some embodiment between also can do suitable combination, to form the embodiment of variation.
Take space multiplex's display mechanism as example.Fig. 5 illustrates according to the embodiment of the present invention, holographic display device structural representation.Consult Fig. 5, holographic display device for example comprises display unit 500 and detecting computing module 508.Display unit 500 for example comprises grating array 502, for example, be display panels.Grating array 502 has pel array above to show image, and it,, according to the ken image of needs, shows with pel array.Light source module 506, for example, be backlight module, and the light source of demonstration is provided according to the display mode of display panel 502.Display panel 504 utilizes grating array 502 to control backlight switch and sees through prismatic mirror array chip 516 controls direction backlight, according to precalculated position projection, put in place at observer's eyes of seeing visual space 510, to see depending on having multiple ken images of parallax, and each eye can receive at least plural ken image.In this, seeing visual space 510 is predetermined spaces, rather than the object of an entity.At the region 520a that sees visual space 510, be the position of corresponding eyes with the position of 520b, and can change with the movement of eyes position, its mechanism can be described in thin portion and describe.
Observer's eyes position is for example the eyes position of being detected observer by detecting computing module 508, with corresponding eye position, cook up N the ken of the corresponding required generation in eyes position of show image, and the demonstration of information control grating array 502 and display panel 504 is controlled in output.Wherein, in order to make each eye can receive plural ken image, N is for example at least 4.That is to say, the shown ken image number of grating array 502 is at least 4.The position that detecting computing module 508 is followed the trail of eyes at any time, dynamically to adjust at any time the position of displaying contents in grating array 502 and display panel 504.
Take space multiplex's display mechanism as example, the distribution of pixel is to be for example divided into left eye ken image 514a and right eye ken image 514b.In this, the noun of left eye and right eye is only convenient description, not absolute limitations.Left eye ken image 514a and right eye ken image 514b receive respectively at least two ken images, so also reach the effect of super many kens.Display unit 500 is for example containing grating array, prismatic mirror array chip or microlens array sheet, by focusing on deviation, projects the image light of multiple ken images to two eyes of observer.
Take prismatic mirror array chip 516 as example, for example one group of ken image of the corresponding pixel of each prismatic mirror.By the structure of prismatic mirror, for example, two pixels that belong to left eye ken image 514a are angled to path 518a to enter left eye.For example two pixels that belong to right eye ken image 514b are angled to path 518b to enter into right eye again.
For the detecting computing module 508 in holographic display device, it for example has detecting unit and arithmetic element.Detecting unit is in order to look for observer's eyes position.Arithmetic element is in order to the obtained information of computing detecting unit, and by analytic operation, to control grating array 502 and display panel 504, corresponding eyes position display has multiple ken images of parallax.
Detecting unit in addition, for example, can comprise image capture unit, obtains pick-up image, obtains these two positions of these two eyes of this observer through computing.For example alternate manner again, detecting unit can comprise light launcher, by catoptrical information computing, obtains two positions of these two eyes of observer.More for example, detecting unit can comprise acoustic emission apparatus, by the information computing of reflective sound wave, judges the position of two eyes of observer.Substantially, observer's detecting is without accurate tracing study person's pupil, and only needs to pick out eye position.
Again according to needs, the N that display unit 500 produces ken image, be to be repetitive cycling seeing on visual space, therefore each eye of observer are observed 2 above kens at any time, and by the parallax of left eye and right eye, produce the visual effect of stereopsis.
In addition, if design with the display mechanism of time-multiplex, its principle still maintains.But because needs are within a time cycle, sequentially blocking left eye is to adhere to left eye separately to enter corresponding left eye and right eye with the ken image of right eye with right eye, grating array 502 and display panel 504, within the unit interval, for example, in 1/60 second, according to display frequency, sequentially show multiple ken images of the different kens.In addition, grating array 502 for example adopts light shielding module, according to frequency, makes this image cover or penetrate, and in the mode of time-multiplex, observer's eyes is had respectively to these ken images of different parallaxes.Detecting computing module 508 is detected observer's eyes position, and processes and calculate image information, for this observer's eyes position, controls the displaying contents of display panel 504.
Fig. 6 illustrates according to the embodiment of the present invention, the planning schematic diagram of ken image.Consult Fig. 6, to see on visual space 600, for the ken of the left eye position 602a detecting and right eye position 602b, distributing is to be used as reference point with the pact center of eyes.The number of one group of ken is N, and it is at least four, and allows eyes to receive respectively at least 2 ken images wherein.For a pixel of a stereopsis, it needs the pixel of N the ken to show, to allow to produce the vision of stereopsis.In this embodiment, for example, take the center of eyes as reference point, N ken image is divided into two groups of left and right, there is respectively N/2 the ken to watch to left eye and right eye.In this embodiment, it in fact can not be observed in the ken of zone line, therefore may cause the idle of the ken, does not effectively utilize.
For the mode of Fig. 6, also propose another kind and more effectively plan mode.Fig. 7 illustrates according to another embodiment of the present invention, the planning schematic diagram of ken image.Consult Fig. 7, due to the image of the zone line of eyes, in fact can't enter into eyes, therefore can make eyes see under the ken image density of looking multiple ken images maintaining simultaneously, left eye region L and the right eye region R in planning territory, smaller area, it as shown in Figure 7a.Take 12 kens of N=12 as example, 12/2 image that belongs to left eye position 702a in 12 ken images is sent to 12/2 ken of each 12/4 ken in left and right centered by left eye position.In 12 ken images, belong to 12/2 ken that is sent to each 12/4 ken in left and right centered by right eye position to 12/2 image of right eye position 702b.So the ken number of one group of ken image reduces, and therefore reduces the sacrifice of resolution, still maintains the resolution of some degree.
In Fig. 7 b, when observer moves, also move its eyes position.Therefore, the ken image on the sight visual space 700 of ken image is also because observer moves along with movement, and all images in the different kens and produce the visual effect of stereopsis of left eye position 702a and right eye position 702b.
From the viewpoint of display packing, for example, comprise two positions of two eyes detecting observer, and send according to two position multiple ken images of planning in advance or carrying out analytic operation and complete planning.These ken images are delivered to display unit to be broadcasted.According to the multiple bands of position on display unit, these multiple ken images are distributed on the sight visual space of different directions.The continuation and above-mentioned step can circulate.
Above-mentioned description is to describe with an observer's embodiment, but according to identical mode, also goes for multiple observers.With regard to general, the number of the ken is that the N observer's that can follow the trail of according to need number is done suitable increase, but its mechanism is still identical.Fig. 8-9 illustrate according to the embodiment of the present invention, have the number planning schematic diagram of two observers' the ken.Consult Fig. 8, if while for example having two pairs of eyes of two observers for example to have eye position overlapping, according to same mechanism, the number of the ken can be more than 6, and its relative M=3 eyes have respectively the situation of two kens.Consult Fig. 9, for example have again two observers to be positioned under the situation of non-overlapping position, have the position of four eyes, the number of the ken is for example 8 or more.Each eye at least receives two ken images.If certainly two pairs of eyes of two observers are all overlapping, and it is when to be only observer see the difference of apparent altitude, and it can maintain the programming that is same as an observer.According to principle of identity, it can be cooked up to more observers and see the situation of looking.But comparatively speaking, therefore image analytic degree can reduce, it can do suitable variation according to actual demand.
The display mechanism that the present invention proposes, by the stereo display in conjunction with many kens (SMV) mechanism, it can not cause the burden of eyes to cause holding fatigable problem.In addition, by only detecting eyes position, according to eyes position, plan many kens image, reduce frequency range required while exporting super many kens stereopsis, and reduce the resolution of the required sacrifice of stereo display (SMV) that will reach many kens.
Although disclosed the present invention in conjunction with above preferred embodiment; but it is not in order to limit the present invention; any persons skilled in the art; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; when doing a little change and retouching, therefore protection scope of the present invention should with enclose claim was defined is as the criterion.
Claims (11)
1. a holographic display device, has at least one observer's of trace function, comprising:
Detecting computing module, detect two positions of two eyes of this observer, with planning show image to N the ken that should two required generations in position, and information is controlled in output, the space distribution of this N ken be mid point take these two eyes as reference point, about it, be respectively distributed with the N/2 of this N ken, correspond to respectively this two eyes, N/2 plans the ken image to left eye, and N/2 plans the ken image to right eye, wherein N >=4; And
Display unit, receive this control information, to should N view processing N ken image, wherein at least two these ken images of each reception of these two eyes, and it is to belong at least two these ken images of the different kens that these two eyes divide other these ken images, described at least two these ken images are distributed in these two residing horizontal directions of eyes, the N/2 that belongs to a left eye position image in described N ken image is sent to, N/2 the ken of the each N/4 in a left and right ken centered by left eye position; In N ken image, belong to N/2 the ken that is sent to the each N/4 in a left and right ken centered by right eye position to N/2 image of right eye position; This N that this display unit produces ken image, planning is to see visual space on repetitive cycling with planning to the described ken image of right eye to the described ken image of left eye, makes at least 2 above kens of each eyes observable of this observer.
2. holographic display device as claimed in claim 1, wherein observer counts n, can produce a corresponding 2n eye position, and its ken is counted N and observer, and to count the relation of n as follows:
During n=1, produce corresponding 2 eye positions, N >=4;
N >=2 o'clock, and eye position is not when repeat, and produces a corresponding 2n eye position, N >=4n;
N >=2 o'clock, and eye position repeat time, according to the unduplicated quantity M of eye position, N >=2M.
3. holographic display device as claimed in claim 1, wherein this display unit comprises:
Image display panel, produces the multiple image pixel arrays to this N ken image respectively; And
Ken modulator, in order to regulate and control this N ken image, to project these two positions of this two eyes of this observer.
4. holographic display device as claimed in claim 3, this ken modulator comprises grating array, prismatic mirror array chip or microlens array sheet, by focusing on deviation, projects the image light of this N ken image to these two eyes of this observer.
5. holographic display device as claimed in claim 1, wherein this detecting computing module, comprises:
Detecting unit, in order to look for these two positions of this two eyes of this observer; And
Arithmetic element, in order to the obtained information of this detecting unit of computing, by analytic operation to control this display unit, to should two position display there are these ken images of parallax.
6. holographic display device as claimed in claim 5, wherein this detecting unit, comprises:
Image capture unit, obtains pick-up image, obtains these two positions of these two eyes of this observer through computing.
7. holographic display device as claimed in claim 5, wherein this detecting unit, comprises:
Light launcher, by catoptrical information computing, obtains these two positions of these two eyes of this observer.
8. holographic display device as claimed in claim 5, wherein this detecting unit, comprises:
Acoustic emission apparatus, by the information computing of reflective sound wave, judges these two positions of these two eyes of this observer.
9. a holographic display device, comprising:
Display unit, in order to show multiple ken images;
Light source module, with provide light source to this display unit to show these ken images;
Optical module, can, by these ken images of diverse location on this display unit, project the sight visual space of different directions, gives two eyes of observer, and wherein each these eye receives at least two of these ken images; And
Detecting computing module, detect two positions of these two eyes of this observer, and process and calculate an image information, according to this for these two positions of these two eyes of this observer, control this display unit to show these ken images, described at least two these ken images are distributed in these two residing horizontal directions of eyes
Wherein these ken images have N the ken, distribution in this sight visual space is that mid point take these two eyes is as reference point, its left and right is respectively distributed with N/2 of this N ken, correspond to respectively this two eyes, N/2 plans the ken image to left eye, N/2 plans the ken image to right eye, and the N/2 that the belongs to left eye position image in described N ken image is sent to, N/2 the ken of the each N/4 in a left and right ken centered by left eye position; In N ken image, belong to N/2 the ken that is sent to the each N/4 in a left and right ken centered by right eye position to N/2 image of right eye position; This N that this display unit produces ken image, planning is to see visual space on repetitive cycling with planning to the described ken image of right eye to the described ken image of left eye, makes at least 2 above kens of each eyes observable of this observer.
10. a holographic display device, comprising:
Display unit in order to show image information, sequentially shows multiple ken images of the different kens within the unit interval with display frequency;
Light source module, with the image that synchronously provides light source to make to produce this image information to this display unit, produces these ken images;
Light shielding module, according to frequency, make this image cover or penetrate, in the mode of time-multiplex, observer's two eyes are there are respectively to these ken images of different parallaxes, and each of this two eyes is provided within this unit interval at least two of these ken images; And
Detecting computing module, detect two positions of these two eyes of this observer, and process and calculate this image information, for these two positions of these two eyes of this observer, controlling this display unit shows, described at least two these ken images are distributed in these two residing horizontal directions of eyes
These ken images have N the ken, seeing distribution in visual space, be that mid point take these two eyes is as reference point, its left and right is respectively distributed with N/2 of this N ken, correspond to respectively this two eyes, N/2 plans the ken image to left eye, N/2 plans the ken image to right eye, and the N/2 that the belongs to left eye position image in described N ken image is sent to, N/2 the ken of the each N/4 in a left and right ken centered by left eye position; In N ken image, belong to N/2 the ken that is sent to the each N/4 in a left and right ken centered by right eye position to N/2 image of right eye position; This N that this display unit produces ken image, is to see repetitive cycling on visual space, and planning makes at least 2 above kens of each eyes observable of this observer to the described ken image of right eye to the described ken image of left eye and planning.
11. 1 kinds of 3 D image display methods, comprising:
Two positions of two eyes of detecting observer;
According to these two positions, send multiple ken images of arranging in advance or carrying out analytic operation and complete arrangement;
Sending these ken image to display units broadcasts;
According to the multiple bands of position on this display unit, these multiple ken images are distributed on the sight visual space of different directions, these eyes of each of this observer receive at least two of these ken images, and described at least two ken images are distributed in these two residing horizontal directions of eyes; And
Be cycled to repeat above-mentioned steps,
These ken images have N the ken, distribution in this sight visual space is that mid point take these two eyes is as reference point, its left and right is respectively distributed with N/2 of this N ken, correspond to respectively this two eyes, N/2 plans the ken image to left eye, N/2 plans the ken image to right eye, and the N/2 that the belongs to left eye position image in described N ken image is sent to, N/2 the ken of the each N/4 in a left and right ken centered by left eye position; In N ken image, belong to N/2 the ken that is sent to the each N/4 in a left and right ken centered by right eye position to N/2 image of right eye position; This N that this display unit produces ken image, planning is to see visual space on repetitive cycling with planning to the described ken image of right eye to the described ken image of left eye, makes at least 2 above kens of each eyes observable of this observer.
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