CN101750432A - A kind of device and assay method of measuring coefficient of heat conductivity, eutectic point and eutectic point - Google Patents
A kind of device and assay method of measuring coefficient of heat conductivity, eutectic point and eutectic point Download PDFInfo
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- CN101750432A CN101750432A CN200910264573A CN200910264573A CN101750432A CN 101750432 A CN101750432 A CN 101750432A CN 200910264573 A CN200910264573 A CN 200910264573A CN 200910264573 A CN200910264573 A CN 200910264573A CN 101750432 A CN101750432 A CN 101750432A
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of device of measuring coefficient of heat conductivity, eutectic point and eutectic point, it is characterized in that: comprise a cool-bag and a cool-bag of measuring eutectic point of measuring eutectic point, two cool-bags are installed in the keeping warmth space; Be respectively equipped with the probe and the thermistor of measuring resistance in two cool-bags, the probe of measuring resistance and thermistor and PLC (Programmable Logic Controller, programmable logic controller (PLC)) disposal system connects; The low temperature procedure temperature-controlling system links to each other with the hollow wall interlayer of the cool-bag of measuring eutectic point; The heating schedule temperature-controlling system links to each other with the hollow wall interlayer of the cool-bag of measuring eutectic point; Vacuum-control(led) system links to each other with the cool-bag of measuring eutectic point.The invention still further relates to the method for utilizing this measurement device coefficient of heat conductivity, eutectic point and eutectic point.Apparatus of the present invention compact conformation can be measured coefficient of heat conductivity, eutectic point and eutectic point simultaneously, can be used in on-site measurement, and test data is accurate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of device that is used for coefficient of heat conductivity, eutectic point and the eutectic point of on-the-spot direct mensuration material (especially solution), and further comprise a kind of method of testing based on this device.
Background technology
Coefficient of heat conductivity also is temperature conductivity, and coefficient of heat conductivity/temperature conductivity is meant under the steady heat transfer condition, the material that 1m is thick, and the temperature difference of both side surface is 1 degree centigrade (K, ℃), in 1 hour, by the heat that 1 square metre of area transmits, unit is watt/meter * degree centigrade.The employing thermistor method of obtaining of coefficient of heat conductivity.Coefficient of heat conductivity can be determined some elementary heat rerum naturas of solution, can reflect the freeze-drying effect indirectly.
Solution is not to condense when a certain fixed temperature, but condenses in a certain temperature range, and the temperature that the time begins to separate out crystal when cooling is called the freezing point of solution, and the temperature that solution all condenses is called the solidifying point of solution.Simultaneously also being the beginning temperature (both fusing points) of melting, also is the temperature of the common fusing of solute and solvent for solution, is called eutectic point again.As seen the freezing point of solution and eutectic point are inequality.Eutectic point is only the temperature that solution really all congeals into solid.
In freezing process, only determine that from apparent and temperature variation whether product freezes fully is impossible, the variation, particularly change in resistance that change electrical property along with states of matter can reflect the process of freezing.Because solution is ionic conduction, freeze to cause the solion transfixion, the solution resistance rate obviously increases.And resistivity will significantly descend when having small amount of liquid to exist.Therefore the resistivity of measurement products will be determined the eutectic point of product.
Obtaining of eutectic point: temperature resistance curve is solid-state when being changed into by liquid state, and the resistance of determinand changes, the record temperature resistance curve, and the catastrophe point of this curve promptly is a solidifying point.
Obtaining of eutectic point: under certain pressure intensity, temperature resistance curve is worked as solid and is changed liquid into, and the resistance of determinand changes, the record temperature resistance curve, and the catastrophe point of this curve promptly is a fusing point.Eutectic point and eutectic point are extremely important to determining freezing scope.
Present eutectic point, the mensuration of eutectic point often adopt electric-resistivity method to measure, but do not have fixing equipment, and accuracy and the reappearance of measuring the gained data can't guarantee.Thermal Conductivity Determination is used the differential scanning determination method always, but this kind equipment is unsuitable for on-site measurement.And be not suitable for some character instabilities, yielding determinand under the normal pressure and temperature.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of on-the-spot device of directly measuring material coefficient of heat conductivity, eutectic point and eutectic point that is used for.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the method for testing of utilizing this device.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: a kind of device of measuring coefficient of heat conductivity, eutectic point and eutectic point, comprise a cool-bag and a cool-bag of measuring eutectic point of measuring eutectic point, two cool-bags are installed in the keeping warmth space, this space be one heat insulation every cold attemperator, because temperature is lower when measuring eutectic point, so claimed apparatus is heat insulation every cold in the whole mensuration process; Be respectively equipped with the probe and the thermistor of measuring resistance in two cool-bags, the probe of resistance and thermistor and PLC (Programmable Logic Controller, programmable logic controller (PLC)) disposal system connects, and voltage and the resistance data that collects is transferred in the PLC disposal system;
The low temperature procedure temperature-controlling system links to each other with the hollow wall interlayer of the cool-bag of measuring eutectic point, the temperature of control cool-bag;
The heating schedule temperature-controlling system links to each other with the hollow wall interlayer of the cool-bag of measuring eutectic point, the temperature of control cool-bag; Vacuum-control(led) system links to each other with the cool-bag of measuring eutectic point, the vacuum tightness of control cool-bag.
Because eutectic point, the temperature of eutectic point is all lower, is not subjected to the influence of ambient temperature in order to make determinand, so all use cool-bag, the cool-bag periphery is preferably wrapped up insulation material more in addition.The cool-bag of described mensuration eutectic point is a three-decker, and internal layer is adorned article to be measured, and the middle layer is full of the refrigerant medium, and skin is the hollow wall interlayer; The cool-bag of described mensuration eutectic point is a three-decker, and internal layer is adorned article to be measured, and the middle layer is full of thermal medium, and skin is the hollow wall interlayer.
The probe of measuring resistance mainly is made up of three parts: the one, and needle tubing: mainly be to be material with the aldary; The 2nd, spring: mainly be qin steel wire and spring steel; The 3rd, syringe needle: mainly be tool steel (SK) nickel plating or gold-plated.
The end of probe shape is by the decision of test point shape, and the tip probe is applicable to that the measured point is the plain film shape of convex or oxidative phenomena is arranged; Umbellate form head probe is applicable to that the measured point is hole or plain film shape or concavity; The tack probe is applicable to that the measured point is protruding plain film shape; Inner bowl mouth tack probe is applicable to that the measured point is a projection; Imperial crown head probe is applicable to that the measured point is projection or plain film shape; Nine pawl head probes are applicable to that the measured point is plain film or concavity; Three syringe needle probes are applicable to that the measured point is a concavity; The round end probe is applicable to that the measured point is closeer and the protruding or plain film shape in gap.
For surveying liquid resistance, every kind of probe all is suitable for.Positive and negative two probes are used for measuring resistance, and can calculate conductivity in view of the above.Probe when thermistor is coefficient of heat conductivity mensuration can draw coefficient of heat conductivity by data acquisition and calculating.
Another object of the present invention is achieved in that the method for utilizing this device to measure eutectic point is:
1) in the cool-bag of measuring eutectic point, adds article to be measured, be preferably solution, open the PLC disposal system;
2) start the low temperature procedure temperature-controlling system, feed the refrigerant medium in the hollow wall interlayer of the cool-bag of measuring eutectic point, medium is generally liquid nitrogen or freon etc., and reduces temperature gradually, and range of temperature is 40～-80 ℃;
3) the PLC disposal system writes down the temperature and the resistance variations of article to be measured, calculates eutectic point.
During mensuration, two probes are inserted in the article to be measured, are preferably solution, along with variation of temperature, the resistance of article to be measured changes, and the PLC disposal system can be by certain frequency collection article increased resistance value to be measured (as 2s, 5s, 10s etc., frequency acquisition is determined according to concrete experimental precision).
The method of measuring eutectic point is:
1) article that will freeze are packed into and are measured in the cool-bag of eutectic point, start vacuum-control(led) system, and the pressure of regulating in the cool-bag of measuring eutectic point is 1Mpa～1.33Pa; Open the PLC disposal system;
2) start the heating schedule temperature-controlling system, feed thermal medium in the hollow wall interlayer of the cool-bag of measuring eutectic point, thermal medium can be water, glycerine, methyl-silicone oil etc., and the temperature that raises gradually, range of temperature are-40～50 ℃;
3) the PLC disposal system writes down the temperature and the resistance variations of article to be measured, calculates eutectic point.
During mensuration, two probes are inserted in the article to be measured, along with variation of temperature, the resistance of article to be measured changes, the PLC disposal system can by certain frequency collection article increased resistance value to be measured (as 2s, 5s, 10s etc., frequency acquisition is determined according to concrete experimental precision).
Obtaining of eutectic point: when determinand is changed into solid-stately by liquid state, its resistance changes.The record temperature, the value of resistance is drawn temperature resistance curve, and the catastrophe point of curve promptly is an eutectic point.
Eutectic point obtain same eutectic point.
The method of measuring coefficient of heat conductivity is:
1) demarcates each parameter (the coefficient of heat conductivity list of references value of water and glycerine) of thermistor with G ﹠ W: thermistor radius a and thermistor coefficient of heat conductivity k;
2) open the PLC disposal system, the variation of voltage on the fixed value resistance in the circuit calculates coefficient of heat conductivity during the record temperature variation.
During mensuration, because article variation of temperature to be measured causes that the resistance of thermistor changes, cause the voltage of fixed value resistance in the circuit of PLC disposal system to change, the voltage change of pressing certain frequency record fixed value resistance is (as 2s, 5s, 10s etc., recording frequency is determined according to concrete experimental precision), can calculate coefficient of heat conductivity.
The PLC disposal system is made up of two modules, and a module is two Circuits System, and a module is a computer control system.Two Circuits System, Circuits System is directly measured the resistance in the circuit, a Circuits System is directly measured the voltage of fixed value resistance in the circuit, through conversion of signals, analog signal conversion is become digital signal, by computer acquisition, draw out resistance-temperature and coefficient of heat conductivity-hygrogram by routine processes, obtain the parameters such as eutectic point, eutectic point and coefficient of heat conductivity of particular solution.Program handling system can adopt present general programming language to finish, as programming languages such as C, C++, PASCAL.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1, this apparatus structure compactness can be measured coefficient of heat conductivity, eutectic point and eutectic point simultaneously, can be used in on-site measurement, and test data is accurate;
2, to set pressure be (1Mpa～1.33Pa) to apparatus of the present invention, temperature is (80～40 ℃), moisture can directly distil under certain low temperature and the low pressure situation being provided with, thereby effectively suppress heat-sensitive substance biology, chemistry or physical change, the active substance in the better preserve raw material and the color and luster of raw material take place;
But 2, the coefficient of heat conductivity in two kinds of processes of this device test solution intensification/cooling, the character of reflection solution, the freeze-drying effect of prediction solution;
3, utilization is measured coefficient of heat conductivity based on the assay method of this device, eutectic point and eutectic point, can be used for judging heat transfer property and the difference and the general character of solution, judging solution freeze drying proterties, set the freeze drying parameter and control in the freezing dry process, can make dry run more rationally efficient, give full play to system effectiveness.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of this device.
Embodiment
Below by the mode of embodiment, the relevant technologies scheme of device of the present invention and the assay method that relates to thereof is elaborated, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to described embodiment.
Embodiment 1
A kind of device of measuring coefficient of heat conductivity, eutectic point and eutectic point comprises that cool-bag 1 and 2, two cool-bags 1,2 of cool-bag of measuring eutectic point of measuring eutectic point are installed in the keeping warmth space 3; Be respectively equipped with the probe 4 and the thermistor 5 of two measuring resistances in two cool-bags 1,2, the probe 4 of measuring resistance and thermistor 5 connect with PLC disposal system 6,7; The cool-bag 1 of described mensuration eutectic point is a three-decker, and internal layer is adorned article to be measured, and the middle layer is the refrigerant medium, and skin is the hollow wall interlayer; The cool-bag 2 of described mensuration eutectic point is a three-decker, and internal layer is adorned article to be measured, and the middle layer is a thermal medium, and skin is the hollow wall interlayer;
Low temperature procedure temperature-controlling system 8 links to each other with the hollow wall interlayer of the cool-bag 1 of measuring eutectic point;
Heating schedule temperature-controlling system 9 links to each other with the hollow wall interlayer of the cool-bag 2 of measuring eutectic point; Vacuum-control(led) system 10 links to each other with the cool-bag 2 of measuring eutectic point.
Utilize the method for the device mensuration eutectic point of said determination coefficient of heat conductivity, eutectic point and eutectic point to be:
1) in the cool-bag 1 of measuring eutectic point, adds article to be measured, open PLC disposal system 6;
2) start low temperature procedure temperature-controlling system 8, feed liquid nitrogen in the hollow wall interlayer of the cool-bag 1 of measuring eutectic point, lower temperature gradually, the control range of temperature is 40～-80 ℃;
3) utilize PLC disposal system 6 to write down the temperature and the resistance variations of article to be measured, calculate eutectic point.
Utilize the method for the device mensuration eutectic point of said determination coefficient of heat conductivity, eutectic point and eutectic point to be:
1) during the article that will freeze are packed the cool-bag 2 of measuring eutectic point into, start vacuum-control(led) system 10, the pressure of regulating in the cool-bag 2 of measuring eutectic point is 1Mpa～1.33Pa; Open PLC disposal system 7;
2) start heating schedule temperature-controlling system 9, feed hot water in the hollow wall interlayer of the cool-bag 2 of measuring eutectic point, the temperature that raises gradually, range of temperature are-40～50 ℃;
3) temperature and the resistance variations of PLC disposal system 7 records article to be measured calculate eutectic point.
Utilize the method for the device mensuration coefficient of heat conductivity of said determination coefficient of heat conductivity, eutectic point and eutectic point to be:
1) each parameter of demarcation thermistor: thermistor radius a, thermistor hinder warm factor beta and thermistor coefficient of heat conductivity k, guarantee the applicability of thermistor;
2) open PLC disposal system 6,7, the change in voltage of fixed value resistance in the circuit calculates coefficient of heat conductivity during the record temperature variation.
Claims (5)
1. device of measuring coefficient of heat conductivity, eutectic point and eutectic point, it is characterized in that: comprise a cool-bag (1) and a cool-bag (2) of measuring eutectic point of measuring eutectic point, two cool-bags (1,2) are installed in the keeping warmth space (3); Be respectively equipped with the probe (4) and the thermistor (5) of measuring resistance in two cool-bags (1,2), probe of measuring resistance (4) and thermistor (5) connect with PLC disposal system (6,7);
Low temperature procedure temperature-controlling system (8) links to each other with the hollow wall interlayer of the cool-bag (1) of measuring eutectic point;
Heating schedule temperature-controlling system (9) links to each other with the hollow wall interlayer of the cool-bag (2) of measuring eutectic point; Vacuum-control(led) system (10) links to each other with the cool-bag (2) of measuring eutectic point.
2. the device of mensuration coefficient of heat conductivity according to claim 1, eutectic point and eutectic point is characterized in that: the cool-bag of described mensuration eutectic point (1) is a three-decker, and internal layer is adorned article to be measured, and the middle layer is full of the refrigerant medium, and skin is the hollow wall interlayer; The cool-bag of described mensuration eutectic point (2) is a three-decker, and internal layer is adorned article to be measured, and the middle layer is full of thermal medium, and skin is the hollow wall interlayer.
3. method of measuring eutectic point is characterized in that comprising following step:
1) in the cool-bag (1) of measuring eutectic point, adds article to be measured, open PLC disposal system (6);
2) start low temperature procedure temperature-controlling system (8), feed the refrigerant medium in the hollow wall interlayer of the cool-bag (1) of measuring eutectic point, lower temperature gradually, range of temperature is 40～-80 ℃;
3) temperature and the resistance variations of PLC disposal system (6) record article to be measured calculate eutectic point.
4. method of measuring eutectic point is characterized in that comprising following step:
1) during the article that will freeze are packed the cool-bag (2) of measuring eutectic point into, start vacuum-control(led) system (10), the pressure of regulating in the cool-bag (2) of measuring eutectic point is 1Mpa～1.33Pa; Open PLC disposal system (7);
2) start heating schedule temperature-controlling system (9), feed thermal medium in the hollow wall interlayer of the cool-bag (2) of measuring eutectic point, the temperature that raises gradually, range of temperature are-40～50 ℃;
3) temperature and the resistance variations of PLC disposal system (7) record article to be measured calculate eutectic point.
5. method of measuring coefficient of heat conductivity, its feature comprises following step:
1) each parameter of demarcation thermistor: thermistor radius a and thermistor coefficient of heat conductivity k;
2) open PLC disposal system (6,7), the variation of the voltage of fixed value resistance in the circuit calculates coefficient of heat conductivity during the record temperature variation.
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| CN200910264573A CN101750432A (en) | 2009-12-28 | 2009-12-28 | A kind of device and assay method of measuring coefficient of heat conductivity, eutectic point and eutectic point |
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| CN200910264573A CN101750432A (en) | 2009-12-28 | 2009-12-28 | A kind of device and assay method of measuring coefficient of heat conductivity, eutectic point and eutectic point |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102507639A (en) * | 2011-10-14 | 2012-06-20 | 兰州理工大学 | Device and method for measuring solid-liquid phase engineering coefficients of heat conductivity of material |
| CN102608156A (en) * | 2012-04-16 | 2012-07-25 | 上海电力学院 | Device and method for measuring fouling resistance and heat conductivity |
| CN104422712A (en) * | 2013-08-23 | 2015-03-18 | 热电子Led有限公司 | Thermal conductivity detector comprising a sealed cavity |
| CN104458797A (en) * | 2014-11-04 | 2015-03-25 | 大连理工大学 | In-situ test device of high-pressure and low-temperature heat conductivity coefficients and heat transfer coefficients |
| CN107589147A (en) * | 2017-09-14 | 2018-01-16 | 三峡大学 | It is a kind of to measure soil body thermal conductivity factor and the device and method of resistivity simultaneously |
| CN108107072A (en) * | 2017-12-06 | 2018-06-01 | 河海大学 | A kind of soil body Determination of conductive coefficients method and experimental rig |
| CN108490026A (en) * | 2018-05-28 | 2018-09-04 | 上海海洋大学 | A kind of method and apparatus judging that fruits and vegetables are damaged to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature using living tissue Cold water stress degree |
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2009
- 2009-12-28 CN CN200910264573A patent/CN101750432A/en active Pending
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102507639A (en) * | 2011-10-14 | 2012-06-20 | 兰州理工大学 | Device and method for measuring solid-liquid phase engineering coefficients of heat conductivity of material |
| CN102507639B (en) * | 2011-10-14 | 2013-10-09 | 兰州理工大学 | Device and method for measuring solid-liquid phase engineering coefficients of heat conductivity of material |
| CN102608156A (en) * | 2012-04-16 | 2012-07-25 | 上海电力学院 | Device and method for measuring fouling resistance and heat conductivity |
| CN102608156B (en) * | 2012-04-16 | 2014-02-26 | 上海电力学院 | Device and method for measuring fouling resistance and heat conductivity |
| CN104422712A (en) * | 2013-08-23 | 2015-03-18 | 热电子Led有限公司 | Thermal conductivity detector comprising a sealed cavity |
| CN104458797A (en) * | 2014-11-04 | 2015-03-25 | 大连理工大学 | In-situ test device of high-pressure and low-temperature heat conductivity coefficients and heat transfer coefficients |
| CN107589147A (en) * | 2017-09-14 | 2018-01-16 | 三峡大学 | It is a kind of to measure soil body thermal conductivity factor and the device and method of resistivity simultaneously |
| CN108107072A (en) * | 2017-12-06 | 2018-06-01 | 河海大学 | A kind of soil body Determination of conductive coefficients method and experimental rig |
| CN108490026A (en) * | 2018-05-28 | 2018-09-04 | 上海海洋大学 | A kind of method and apparatus judging that fruits and vegetables are damaged to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature using living tissue Cold water stress degree |
| CN108490026B (en) * | 2018-05-28 | 2024-04-19 | 上海海洋大学 | Method and device for judging occurrence of cold injury of fruits and vegetables by using cold injury degree of living tissues |
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Open date: 20100623 |