CN101749001B - Bailer type thick oil continuous exploiting device and operating method thereof - Google Patents
Bailer type thick oil continuous exploiting device and operating method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101749001B CN101749001B CN201010114085A CN201010114085A CN101749001B CN 101749001 B CN101749001 B CN 101749001B CN 201010114085 A CN201010114085 A CN 201010114085A CN 201010114085 A CN201010114085 A CN 201010114085A CN 101749001 B CN101749001 B CN 101749001B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a bailer type thick oil continuous exploiting device and an operating method thereof. The bailer type thick oil continuous exploiting device comprises an electromotor, a frame and a Christmas tree. A shield is fixed on the frame; an oil drainage outlet is arranged at the lower part of the shield; the lower end of the shield is connected with the Christmas tree; the lower end of the Christmas tree is connected with an oil-string casing; an oil pipe is arranged in the oil-string casing; a shaft bottom guide wheel is arranged below the oil pipe; a lifting wheel is arranged in the shield; a rope chain is wound between the lifting wheel and the shaft bottom guide wheel; and a plurality of bailers are hung on the rope chain. The invention adopts the bailers to exploit the thick oil and makes use of the design of the internal structure of the oil-string casing as well as the suspension arrangement of the bailers on the rope chain, so as long as the formation temperature and the pressure are high enough to drive the thick oil to enter the shaft, the thick oil can be loaded into the bailers to be lifted to the ground. The invention avoids the viscosity reducing treatment to the thick oil at the bottom of the shaft in the conventional thick oil exploiting process, simplifies the thick oil exploiting process, reduces the consumption of energy and chemicals and finally reduces the thick oil exploiting cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the harvester of viscous crude, continuous quarrying apparatus of particularly a kind of viscous crude of bailing cartridge type and operation method thereof.
Background technology
Viscosity is high, heavy crude oil is claimed viscous crude, and viscous crude is big because of flow resistance, flows into pit shaft from oil reservoir, or gives rise to all difficulties very of ground from pit shaft.
The method of countries in the world heavy crude producing can be divided into thermal recovery and the cold two big classes of adopting at present.Thermal process has that steam soak, steam flooding, SGD, hot mixed phase drive, hot fluid circulation, electrical heating (heating suspension rod, cable heating, electrical heating oil pipe, electromagnetism heat) microwave, heat chemistry, baked wheaten cake etc.; Cold mining method has that pump is taken out, end water band oil, chemical viscosity reduction, oil base viscosity reduction, microorganism, mix active water, mix methods such as thin oil and other dilution.The essence of these methods is to reduce the viscosity of viscous crude in the shaft bottom; Enable through oil pipe by extraction ground, therefore in the process of transforming the viscous crude physical property, will consume lot of energy or medicine, especially when the viscosity of crude superelevation; The viscosity reduction cost is too high, even makes thickened oil recovery profitless.
Summary of the invention
The goal of the invention of patent of the present invention is: to the problem of above-mentioned existence; Provide a kind of gentle pressure in ground that is used for those oil reservoirs to be enough to satisfy viscous crude and go into the well condition; In cancellation thickened oil recovery process, the shaft bottom reducing crude oil viscosity is handled the device that also can exploit continuously viscous crude and the operation method of this device.
Technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that a kind of Bailer type thick oil continuous exploiting device, comprises motor, frame and production tree, it is characterized in that: on frame, be fixed with guard shield; Be provided with oil drain out in the guard shield bottom; The guard shield lower end is connected with production tree, is connected with production string in said production tree lower end, in production string, is provided with oil pipe; Said oil pipe is pasting production string inwall one side; Make between the inwall of outer wall and production string of oil pipe and form passage, below oil pipe, be provided with the shaft bottom directive wheel, in said guard shield, be provided with the lifting wheel; The axle center that shaft of motor is passed the lifting wheel is fixed on the frame through bearing support; The top that the rope chain that is fitted together through some equally spaced driving pin blocks by two parallel ropes is walked around the lifting wheel is lowered to from passage, walk around the shaft bottom directive wheel and get into to pass after the oil pipe and form closed chain link, on the rope chain, adjacent two drive between the pin blocks and be hung with bailer; Be connected with fixed bar in the bailer bottom; The openend of said bailer is hinged with the driving pin block, and the fixed bar bottom is connected between the pin block clamp that is arranged on the adjacent driven pin block, and the route of guard shield inner rope chain movement is provided with the bailer steering gear.
In order to increase lifting wheel driving action to the rope chain, Bailer type thick oil continuous exploiting device of the present invention, its being provided with of the peripheral equal intervals of lifting wheel some with the rope chain on the teeth groove that matches of driving pin block.
Bailer type thick oil continuous exploiting device of the present invention, its openend at bailer is provided with the annulus hole, and it is socketed on the bearing pin that drives pin block.
In order to reduce the viscosity of viscous crude, increase its flowability, be convenient to crude oil and from bailer, flow out, Bailer type thick oil continuous exploiting device of the present invention, it is provided with steam jet in guard shield.
In order to control the velocity of rotation of lifting wheel, it is rotated under lower-speed state, Bailer type thick oil continuous exploiting device of the present invention, the motor rotary shaft between its motor and the lifting wheel is provided with reducer.
Wherein, the operation method of Bailer type thick oil continuous exploiting device, this method comprises the steps:
Step 1, actuating motor rotates through motor drives lifting wheel;
The rope chain that is hung with bailer that step 2, the rotation of lifting wheel drive on it is synchronized with the movement, and said bailer is walked around to transfer to behind the directive wheel of shaft bottom and moved upward, and viscous crude enters into bailer, and bailer upwards is lifted out well head;
When step 3, bailer were crossed lifting wheel top arrival lifting wheel right side under the rope chain drives, its openend transferred to downwards gradually; Blind end forwards the top to; Viscous crude in the bailer is poured out under action of gravity, collects in the space of lifting wheel below, is discharged in the oil sump by oil drain out;
Step 4; The route that the bailer of the state that is in that Open Side Down moves downward is provided with the bailer steering gear; Under the effect of bailer steering gear, bailer returns to the opening state that makes progress, under the drive of rope chain; The state that bailer keeps openend to make progress is brought in the passage of production string inwall and oil-pipe external wall formation and continues to move downward the continuous exploitation that circulates.
The operation method of Bailer type thick oil continuous exploiting device of the present invention, its said step 2 may further comprise the steps: make progress the bailer of state during near the shaft bottom directive wheel when being in opening, because the length of bailer is much larger than the diameter of oil pipe; Bailer can not be walked around the shaft bottom directive wheel with the rope chain is crooked, and under the effect of production string tube wall, the fixed bar of bailer bottom is thrown off from the pin block clamp; And continue to go downwards to below the directive wheel of shaft bottom; Under this degree of depth, viscous crude has good mobility, after the bailer openend is walked around the shaft bottom directive wheel with the rope chain, transfers the entering oil pipe that moves upward to; This moment, the fixed bar of bailer bottom was clamped by the pin block clamp that its below drives on the pin block again; At this moment, the openend of bailer keeps up, when it moves upward below the crude oil liquid level; Crude oil just enters into bailer, is drawn high out well head by the rope chain subsequently.
The operation method of Bailer type thick oil continuous exploiting device of the present invention, it is in step 2, and when the bailer that fills with viscous crude is restricted after chain proposes well head, the viscous crude in the bailer also receives the steam that sprays in the steam jet and heats in guard shield.
The operation method of Bailer type thick oil continuous exploiting device of the present invention; Its said step 4 may further comprise the steps: be provided with the bailer steering gear in the position on the lower side on lifting wheel right side; When the bailer of the state that is in that Open Side Down during through the bailer steering gear; The dipper steering gear touches bailer middle part and the fixed bar of bailer blind end is just driven from it in the pin block clamp of pin block and ejects; So the annulus of bailer openend is around the bearing pin rotation of the driving pin block of below; Make bailer switching-over, the fixed bar of blind end is clamped by a following pin block clamp that drives on the pin block, and the state that makes bailer keep openend to make progress is brought in the passage of production string inwall and oil-pipe external wall formation and continues to move downward.
The present invention exploits viscous crude through using bailer, utilizes the design to the production string inner structure, and the suspension setting of bailer on the rope chain; As long as formation temperature and pressure can order about viscous crude and get into pit shaft; Viscous crude just can be loaded in the bailer and be suggested ground, has cancelled the program of in traditional thickened oil recovery process the shaft bottom reducing crude oil viscosity being handled, thereby has simplified the production practice of viscous crude; Reduce the consumption of the energy and medicine, finally greatly reduced the cost of winning of viscous crude.
In sum, owing to adopted technique scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, using long and straight bailer in narrow and small space, shaft bottom, to remain the state that opening makes progress exploits viscous crude; Because viscous crude is gone out well head by lifting in bailer; Therefore viscous crude does not touch oil pipe in the lifting process; So physical parameters such as the form of viscous crude, viscosity are solid-state even viscous crude becomes in the lifting process to the not influence of lifting process, also can be proposed well head smoothly.
2, since the bailer diameter of splendid attire viscous crude less than the diameter of oil pipe, in uphill process, do not contact basically, so lifting frictional resistance is very little with tubing wall.
3, the upward design of teeth groove of lifting wheel makes the lifting wheel more smooth and easy to the driving that is hung with bailer rope chain.
4, solid-state in order to prevent that viscous crude from being become after getting up by the bailer lifting, cause the phenomenon that can't topple over, steam jet also is installed in guard shield; Can be to spraying steam in the guard shield; Viscous crude viscosity under heat effect is reduced, increase its flowability, be convenient to crude oil and from bailer, flow out.
5, through the setting of reductor, can effectively make the lifting wheel that under motor driven, rotates remain at rotation under the lower-speed state, the device running is more stable.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a front view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a left view of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the enlarged drawing on production tree top among Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is the enlarged drawing of production tree lower part among Fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is the structural representation that any single bailer hangs on the rope chain.
Fig. 6 is the vertical view of Fig. 5.
Fig. 7 is the left view of Fig. 5.
Mark among the figure: 1 is motor, and 2 is frame, and 3 is production tree, and 4 is guard shield, and 5 is production string; 6 is oil pipe, and 7 is passage, and 8 is the shaft bottom directive wheel, and 9 are the lifting wheel, and 10 is bearing support; 11 for driving pin block, and 12 are the rope chain, and 13 is bailer, and 14 is fixed bar, and 15 is the pin block clamp; 16 is the bailer steering gear, and 17 is oil drain out, and 18 is teeth groove, and 19 is steam jet, and 20 is reducer.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is done detailed explanation.
In order to make the object of the invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer,, the present invention is further elaborated below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explanation the present invention, and be not used in qualification the present invention.
Shown in Fig. 1 to 4, a kind of Bailer type thick oil continuous exploiting device comprises motor 1, frame 2 and production tree 3; On frame 3, be fixed with guard shield 4, be provided with oil drain out 17 in guard shield 4 bottoms, guard shield 4 lower ends are connected with production tree 3; Be connected with production string 5 in said production tree 3 lower ends, in production string 5, be provided with oil pipe 6, said oil pipe 6 is pasting production string 5 inwalls one side; Make between the inwall of outer wall and production string 5 of oil pipe 6 and form as meniscate passage 7; Below oil pipe 6, be provided with shaft bottom directive wheel 8, in said guard shield 4, be provided with lifting wheel 9, the axle center that lifting wheel 9 is passed in the rotating shaft of motor 1 is fixed on the frame 2 through bearing support 10; In order to make the stable rotation of lifting wheel low speed, the motor rotary shaft between motor 1 and the lifting wheel 9 is provided with reducer 20.
Like Fig. 5, shown in 6 and 7; The top that the rope chain 12 that is fitted together through some equally spaced driving pin blocks 11 by two parallel steel wire ropes is walked around lifting wheel 9 is lowered to from said meniscate passage 7; Pass the closed chain link of formation after walking around shaft bottom directive wheel 8 entering oil pipes 6; Wherein, Being provided with of the peripheral equal intervals of lifting wheel 9 some with rope chain 12 on drive the teeth groove 18 that pin block 11 matches, the teeth groove on the lifting wheel is made unidirectional shuttling movement to the effect of lifting that drives pin block and the frictional force drives between lifting wheel and the steel wire cable chain of restricting.
On rope chain 12, adjacent two drive between the pin blocks 11 and be hung with bailer 13; Be connected with fixed bar 14 in bailer 13 bottoms; The openend of said bailer 13 is provided with the annulus hole; It is socketed on the bearing pin that drives pin block 11 and can rotates freely around it, and fixed bar 14 bottoms are connected between the pin block clamp 15 that is arranged on the adjacent driven pin block 11, and the fixed bar of bailer bottom is easy to from the pin block clamp, throw off or is clamped under external force; In the guard shield 4, the route of rope chain 12 motions on the right side (side promptly descends) of lifting wheel 9 is provided with bailer steering gear 16; In order to reduce the viscosity of viscous crude, increase its flowability, be convenient to crude oil and from bailer, flow out, in guard shield 4, be provided with steam jet 19.
The operation method of said Bailer type thick oil continuous exploiting device is following: the motion with any bailer on the chain of restricting is an example, and from bailer motion beginning downwards in like the crescent passage, bailer was in and was sandwiched between adjacent two driving pin blocks this moment; When bailer during near the shaft bottom directive wheel, long (length of bailer is much larger than tubing diameter) and straight bailer can not be walked around the shaft bottom directive wheel with the rope chain is crooked, under the effect of production string tube wall; The fixed bar of bailer bottom is thrown off from the pin block clamp, and continues to go downwards to below the directive wheel of shaft bottom, under this degree of depth; Viscous crude has good mobility; After the bailer openend is walked around the shaft bottom directive wheel with the rope chain, transfer the entering oil pipe that moves upward to, this moment, the fixed bar of bailer bottom was clamped by the pin block clamp that its below drives on the pin block again, at this moment; The openend of bailer keeps up; When it moved upward below the crude oil liquid level, crude oil just entered into bailer, was drawn high out well head by the rope chain subsequently.
When the bailer that fills with viscous crude is restricted after chain proposes well head, the viscous crude in the bailer receives the heat effect of the steam that sprays in the steam jet in guard shield and viscosity descends, mobile increasing; When bailer is crossed lifting wheel top arrival lifting wheel right side under the rope chain drives; Its openend transfers to downwards gradually, and blind end forwards the top to, and the viscous crude in the bailer is poured out under action of gravity; Collect in the space of lifting wheel below, be discharged in the oil sump by oil drain out.
Be provided with the bailer steering gear in the position on the lower side on lifting wheel right side; When the bailer of the state that is in that Open Side Down during through the bailer steering gear; The dipper steering gear touches bailer middle part and the fixed bar of bailer blind end is just driven from it in the pin block clamp of pin block and ejects; So the annulus of bailer openend makes the bailer switching-over, even the openend of bailer is from changing in order to pack crude oil into direction up in order to pour out the crude oil the tube towards lower direction around the bearing pin rotation of the driving pin block of below; After blind end forwards the below of opening to; The fixed bar of blind end is clamped by following one pin block clamp that drives on the pin block, under the drive of rope chain, the state that bailer keeps openend to make progress be brought into production string inwall and oil-pipe external wall formation as continuing to move downward in the meniscate passage.
Like this, the rope chain drives and is suspended on the motion that the some bailers on it so go round and begin again, thereby accomplish viscous crude is continuously exploited.
The above is merely preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to restriction the present invention, all any modifications of within spirit of the present invention and principle, being done, is equal to and replaces and improvement etc., all should be included within the protection domain of invention.
Claims (9)
1. Bailer type thick oil continuous exploiting device; Comprise motor (1), frame (2) and production tree (3); It is characterized in that: on frame (2), be fixed with guard shield (4); Be provided with oil drain out (17) in guard shield (4) bottom; Guard shield (4) lower end is connected with production tree (3), is connected with production string (5) in said production tree (3) lower end, in production string (5), is provided with oil pipe (6); Said oil pipe (6) is pasting production string (5) inwall one side; Make between the inwall of outer wall and production string (5) of oil pipe (6) and form passage (7), be provided with shaft bottom directive wheel (8), in said guard shield (4), be provided with lifting wheel (9) in oil pipe (6) below; The axle center that lifting wheel (9) is passed in the rotating shaft of motor (1) is fixed on the frame (2) through bearing support (10); The top that the rope chain (12) that is fitted together through some equally spaced driving pin blocks (11) by two parallel ropes is walked around lifting wheel (9) is lowered to from passage (7), walks around shaft bottom directive wheel (8) and gets into oil pipe (6) and pass afterwards and form closed chain link, go up at rope chain (12), adjacent two drive between the pin blocks (11) and be hung with bailer (13); Be connected with fixed bar (14) in bailer (13) bottom; The openend of said bailer (13) is hinged with driving pin block (11), and fixed bar (14) bottom is connected between the pin block clamp (15) that is arranged on the adjacent driven pin block (11), and the route of guard shield (4) inner rope chain (12) motion is provided with bailer steering gear (16).
2. Bailer type thick oil continuous exploiting device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: some the going up with rope chain (12) that be provided with of taking turns the peripheral equal intervals of (9) in lifting drives the teeth groove (18) that pin block (11) matches.
3. Bailer type thick oil continuous exploiting device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the openend at bailer (13) is provided with the annulus hole, and it is socketed on the bearing pin that drives pin block (11).
4. Bailer type thick oil continuous exploiting device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in guard shield (4), be provided with steam jet (19).
5. Bailer type thick oil continuous exploiting device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the motor rotary shaft between motor (1) and the lifting wheel (9) is provided with reducer (20).
6. the operation method of Bailer type thick oil continuous exploiting device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: this method comprises the steps:
Step 1, actuating motor (1) drives lifting wheel (9) through motor (1) and rotates;
Step 2; The rotation drive of lifting wheel (9) is synchronized with the movement around the rope chain (12) that is hung with bailer (13) on it; Said bailer (13) is walked around to transfer to behind the shaft bottom directive wheel (8) and is moved upward; Viscous crude enters into bailer (13), and bailer (13) upwards is lifted out well head;
Step 3; When bailer (13) is crossed lifting wheel (9) top arrival lifting wheel (9) right side under rope chain (12) drives; Its openend transfers to downwards gradually, and blind end forwards the top to, and the viscous crude in the bailer (13) is poured out under action of gravity; Collect in the space of lifting wheel (9) below, be discharged in the oil sump by oil drain out (17);
Step 4; The route that the bailer (13) of the state that is in that Open Side Down moves downward is provided with bailer steering gear (16); Under the effect of bailer steering gear (16), bailer (13) returns to the opening state that makes progress, under the drive of rope chain (12); The state that bailer (13) keeps openend to make progress is brought in the passage of production string (5) inwall and the formation of oil pipe (6) outer wall and continues to move downward the continuous exploitation that circulates.
7. the operation method of Bailer type thick oil continuous exploiting device according to claim 6; It is characterized in that: said step 2 may further comprise the steps: make progress the bailer (13) of state during near shaft bottom directive wheel (8) when being in opening, because the length of bailer (13) is much larger than the diameter of oil pipe (6), bailer (13) can not be with the crooked shaft bottom directive wheel (8) of walking around of rope chain (12); Under the effect of production string (5) tube wall; The fixed bar (14) of bailer (13) bottom is thrown off from pin block clamp (15), and continues to go downwards to below the shaft bottom directive wheel (8), under this degree of depth; Viscous crude has good mobility; After bailer (13) openend is walked around shaft bottom directive wheel (8) with rope chain (12), transfer the entering oil pipe (6) that moves upward to, this moment, the fixed bar (14) of bailer (13) bottom was clamped by the pin block clamp (15) that its below drives on pin block (11) again, at this moment; The openend of bailer (13) keeps up; When it moved upward below the crude oil liquid level, crude oil just entered into bailer (13), was drawn high out well head by rope chain (12) subsequently.
8. according to the operation method of claim 6 or 7 described Bailer type thick oil continuous exploiting devices; It is characterized in that: in step 2; After the bailer that fills with viscous crude (13) was restricted chain (12) proposition well head, the viscous crude of bailer (13) lining also receives the ejection from steam jet (19) lining in guard shield (4) steam heated.
9. the operation method of Bailer type thick oil continuous exploiting device according to claim 6; It is characterized in that: said step 4 may further comprise the steps: be provided with bailer steering gear (16) in the position on the lower side on lifting wheel (9) right side; When the bailer (13) of the state that is in that Open Side Down during through bailer steering gear (16); Dipper steering gear (16) touches bailer (13) middle part and the fixed bar (14) of bailer (13) blind end is driven in the pin block clamp (15) of pin block (11) and ejects in the side from it; So the annulus of bailer (13) openend is around the bearing pin rotation of the driving pin block (11) of below; Make bailer (13) switching-over; The fixed bar of blind end (14) is clamped by following one pin block clamp (15) that drives on the pin block (11), and the state that makes bailer (13) keep openend to make progress is brought in the passage of production string (5) inwall and the formation of oil pipe (6) outer wall and continues to move downward.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201010114085A CN101749001B (en) | 2010-02-26 | 2010-02-26 | Bailer type thick oil continuous exploiting device and operating method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201010114085A CN101749001B (en) | 2010-02-26 | 2010-02-26 | Bailer type thick oil continuous exploiting device and operating method thereof |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN101749001A CN101749001A (en) | 2010-06-23 |
| CN101749001B true CN101749001B (en) | 2012-10-10 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201010114085A Expired - Fee Related CN101749001B (en) | 2010-02-26 | 2010-02-26 | Bailer type thick oil continuous exploiting device and operating method thereof |
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Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115788370B (en) * | 2023-02-09 | 2023-05-23 | 山东华曦石油技术服务有限公司 | Continuous cold recovery device for thickened oil and use method |
| CN116752939B (en) * | 2023-08-22 | 2023-10-17 | 西南石油大学 | Thick oil exploitation device and method based on solid state circulation lifting |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN86102979A (en) * | 1986-04-21 | 1987-03-25 | 胜利油田采油工艺研究院 | Chain drive pumping unit |
| RU2088749C1 (en) * | 1996-10-16 | 1997-08-27 | Акционерное общество закрытого типа "Нафтам" | Method of production of high-viscosity oil and device for its embodiment |
| CN2502039Y (en) * | 2001-09-28 | 2002-07-24 | 大庆开发区通正科技开发有限公司 | Valve type well pump for raising thickened oil |
| CN2690592Y (en) * | 2004-04-12 | 2005-04-06 | 刘洪田 | Thick oil dilution oil pumping process pipe column |
| CN201661285U (en) * | 2010-02-26 | 2010-12-01 | 西南石油大学 | Bailing barrel type continuous thickened oil exploitation device |
-
2010
- 2010-02-26 CN CN201010114085A patent/CN101749001B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN86102979A (en) * | 1986-04-21 | 1987-03-25 | 胜利油田采油工艺研究院 | Chain drive pumping unit |
| RU2088749C1 (en) * | 1996-10-16 | 1997-08-27 | Акционерное общество закрытого типа "Нафтам" | Method of production of high-viscosity oil and device for its embodiment |
| CN2502039Y (en) * | 2001-09-28 | 2002-07-24 | 大庆开发区通正科技开发有限公司 | Valve type well pump for raising thickened oil |
| CN2690592Y (en) * | 2004-04-12 | 2005-04-06 | 刘洪田 | Thick oil dilution oil pumping process pipe column |
| CN201661285U (en) * | 2010-02-26 | 2010-12-01 | 西南石油大学 | Bailing barrel type continuous thickened oil exploitation device |
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| CN101749001A (en) | 2010-06-23 |
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