Summary of the invention:
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of compound oxidation that will contain conjugate unsaturated enol is the method for corresponding ketenes; This method reaction conditions is gentle; Do not destroy conjugated double bond, possess the conjugation ethylene linkage, and can guarantee to obtain the required chirality of product in the oxidation continued.
Method for oxidation provided by the invention is:
In reactor drum, add solvent, catalyzer 4-R-TEMPO/ cuprous chloride successively, be adjusted to 3~6.5, add reactant again, feed O with sour pH value with reaction system
2, reactant is oxidized into the unsaturated ketenes of corresponding conjugation;
Said R is selected from hydroxyl, carbonyl or hydrogen; TEMPO representes 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl piperidine-1-oxyradical;
The mol ratio of 4-R-TEMPO and cuprous chloride consumption is 1: 0.5~2;
The reactant conjugate unsaturated enol should be looked the particular case of different compounds with catalyzer mole proportioning and decide, and common molar ratio scope is: the consumption of catalyzer 4-R-TEMPO is 0.1~10% (w/w) of reactant conjugate unsaturated enol charging capacity.
Said acid is organic acid or mineral acid, and preferred organic acid is like oxalic acid.
Low reaction speed is slow more more because of temperature of reaction, and the required reaction times is also long more.Consider temperature condition and speed of response factor, therefore preferably be controlled at 0 ℃~30 ℃ and carry out.Reaction times is confirmed with HPLC detection reaction terminal point.
Reaction solvent should be selected for use according to the situation of different compounds, like available methylene dichloride, and N.N N, sherwood oil, organic solvents such as ETHYLE ACETATE.
When there was chiral carbon atom in the described conjugate unsaturated enol compound of present method, no matter its configuration was R or S, and all available present method is carried out oxidation, and title product content all can reach 70~95%, and yield can reach more than 70%.
When containing in the conjugate unsaturated enol compound when not hoping oxidized one or more hydroxyl, available hydroxyl protecting group well known to those skilled in the art is protection in advance.For example, blocking group can be trimethyl silicon based, siloyl group such as tertiary butyl dimethyl-is silica-based.Slough the protection base with ordinary method again after the oxidizing reaction.
Under the situation that a plurality of hydroxyls that need protection are arranged, can select identical hydroxy-protective group for use, also can use different hydroxy-protective groups.
Conjugate unsaturated enol compound of the present invention can be a vitamin d compounds; In an instance that provides in the present invention; The conjugate unsaturated enol compound is a formula II compound, and the unsaturated ketenes of oxidation products conjugation is following compound of Formula I: the oxidizing reaction formula is:
In the formula:
R
1, R
2It is respectively hydroxyl protecting group;
R
3, R
4Be selected from hydrogen or methylene radical;
R
5Be selected from the alkyl of 1~6 carbon atom, the naphthenic base of 3~6 carbon atoms;
R
1, R
2Can be identical hydroxy-protective group, also can be different hydroxy-protective groups; Blocking group can be trimethyl silicon based, siloyl group such as tertiary butyl dimethyl-is silica-based.
R
3, R
4Difference, one is hydrogen, another is exactly methylene radical, promptly works as R
3When being Wasserstoffatoms, R
4Be that methylene radical and methylene radical are connected with two keys with the parent ring; And work as R
3When being methylene radical and methylene radical with the parent ring with two strong connection, R
4Be then to be Wasserstoffatoms.
Use present method preparation I compound, no matter the configuration of No. 24 carbon atoms of formula II compound is R or S, and title product content all can reach 70~95%, and yield can reach more than 70%.The preparation method of formula II compound sees Tetrahedron Vol.43 No20pp.4609 to 4619.
Method reaction conditions of the present invention is gentle, and the target product yield of gained is high, and is with low cost, simple and safe operation, and the catalyzer raw material is easy to get.Neither destroy conjugated double bond, can guarantee to obtain the required chirality of product again.
Embodiment:
For making this area professional and technical personnel understand the present invention more all sidedly, will combine embodiment that method of the present invention is detailed for example below, but not limit the present invention in any way.In fact, other many conjugate unsaturated enol compounds all can adopt method of the present invention to carry out oxidation, and do not destroy its conjugated double bond.
Resulting product all adopts the HPLC method to detect detecting instrument: LC-10ATVP in following examples; Testing conditions is following:
Chromatographic column: Lichrospher Si 4.6*250mm 5um
Detect wavelength: 270nm
Moving phase: normal hexane: ETHYLE ACETATE (88: 12)
Flow velocity: 2.0ml/min
Sample size: 20 μ l
Temperature: 25 ℃
Embodiment 1 [1S, 1 ' E, 3R, 5Z, 7E, 20R)-9,10-open loop courage steroid-20-(3 '-sec.-propyl-3 '-carbonyl-1 '-propylene)-1,3-two (trimethylsiloxy group)-5,7,10 (19)-triolefins] preparation
In reactor drum, add 2.5L DMF successively, 10gTEMPO, 6g CuCl adds oxalic acid and regulates pH to 6, under 0-5 ℃; Drip conjugate unsaturated enol compound [1S, 1 ' E, 3R, 5Z; 7E, 20R)-9,10-open loop courage steroid-20-(3 '-sec.-propyl-3 '-hydroxyl-1 '-propylene)-1,3-two (trimethylsiloxy group)-5; 7,10 (19)-triolefins] (24 (S) content is that 84.1%, 24 (R) content is 15.9%) 111.4g (0.200mol) 200ml sherwood oil, feed O simultaneously
2(50-60ml/min) stirring reaction.The HPLC detection reaction finishes, to going in the 1L frozen water 2L Petroleum ether extraction 3 times; United extraction liquid is used 1L10%NaHCO respectively
3, the 1L water washing, anhydrous magnesium sulfate drying 0.5h.Filter, concentrated mother liquor obtains the unsaturated ketenes title compound of conjugation, be light yellow oil 102.5g (0.160mol), and yield 80.0%, the HPLC detection level is 75.9%.
Embodiment 2 [1S, 1 ' E, 3R, 5Z, 7E, 20R)-9,10-open loop courage steroid-20-(3 '-sec.-propyl-3 '-carbonyl-1 '-propylene)-1,3-two (trimethylsiloxy group)-5,7,10 (19)-triolefins] preparation
In reactor drum, add 2.5L DMF successively, 1.1g 4-hydroxyl-TEMPO, 646mg CuCl adds oxalic acid and regulates pH to 4, under 0-5 ℃; Drip conjugate unsaturated enol compound [1S, 1 ' E, 3R, 5Z; 7E, 20R)-9,10-open loop courage steroid-20-(3 '-sec.-propyl-3 '-hydroxyl-1 '-propylene)-1,3-two (trimethylsiloxy group)-5; 7,10 (19)-triolefins] (24 (S) content is that 84.1%, 24 (R) content is 15.9%) 111.4g (0.200mol) 200ml sherwood oil, feed O simultaneously
2(50-60ml/min) stirring reaction.The HPLC detection reaction finishes, to going in the 1L frozen water 2L Petroleum ether extraction 3 times; United extraction liquid is used 1L10%NaHCO3,1L water washing respectively, anhydrous magnesium sulfate drying 0.5h.Filter, concentrated mother liquor obtains the unsaturated ketenes title compound of conjugation, be light yellow oil 100.5g (0.157mol), and yield 78.5%, the HPLC detection level is 76.8%.
Embodiment 3 [(1S, 1 ' E, 3R, 5Z, 7E, 20R)-9,10-open loop courage steroid-20-(3 '-cyclohexyl-3 '-carbonyl-1 '-propylene)-1,3-two (tertiary butyl dimethyl Si base)-5,7,10 (19)-triolefins] preparation
In reactor drum, add 2.5L DMF successively, 6.54g 4-carbonyl-TEMPO, 2g CuCl adds oxalic acid and regulates pH to 3, under 0-5 ℃; Drip conjugate unsaturated enol compound [1S, 1 ' E, 3R, 5Z; 7E, 20R)-9,10-open loop courage steroid-20-(3 '-cyclohexyl-3 '-hydroxyl-1 '-propylene)-1,3-two (tertiary butyl dimethyl Si base)-5; 7,10 (19)-triolefins] (24 (S) content is that 77.4%, 24 (R) content is 22.6%) 136.6g (0.200mol) 200ml sherwood oil, feed O simultaneously
2(50-60ml/min) stirring reaction.The HPLC detection reaction finishes, to going in the 1L frozen water 2L Petroleum ether extraction 3 times; United extraction liquid is used 1L10%NaHCO3,1L water washing respectively, anhydrous magnesium sulfate drying 0.5h.Filter, concentrated mother liquor obtains the unsaturated ketenes title compound of conjugation, be light yellow oil 111.5g (0.174mol), and yield 87.0%, the HPLC detection level is 74.6%.
Embodiment 4 [(1S, 1 ' E, 3R, 5Z, 7E, 20R)-9,10-open loop courage steroid-20-(3 '-cyclohexyl-3 '-carbonyl-1 '-propylene)-1,3-two (tertiary butyl dimethyl Si base)-5,7,10 (19)-triolefins] preparation
In reactor drum, add 2.5L DMF successively, 5g TEMPO, 5g CuCl adds oxalic acid and regulates pH to 7, under 0-5 ℃; Drip conjugate unsaturated enol compound [1S, 1 ' E, 3R, 5Z; 7E, 20R)-9,10-open loop courage steroid-20-(3 '-cyclohexyl-3 '-hydroxyl-1 '-propylene)-1,3-two (tertiary butyl dimethyl Si base)-5; 7,10 (19)-triolefins] (24 (S) content is that 77.4%, 24 (R) content is 22.6%) 136.6g (0.200mol) 200ml sherwood oil, feed O simultaneously
2(50-60ml/min) stirring reaction.The HPLC detection reaction finishes, to going in the 1L frozen water 2L Petroleum ether extraction 3 times; United extraction liquid is used 1L10%NaHCO3,1L water washing respectively, anhydrous magnesium sulfate drying 0.5h.Filter, concentrated mother liquor obtains the unsaturated ketenes title compound of conjugation, be light yellow oil 108g (0.169mol), and yield 84.5%, the HPLC detection level is 73.6%.
Embodiment 5 [(1S, 1 ' E, 3R, 5Z, 7E, 20R)-9,10-open loop courage steroid-20-(3 '-cyclohexyl-3 '-carbonyl-1 '-propylene)-1,3-two (tertiary butyl dimethyl Si base)-5,7,10 (19)-triolefins] preparation
In reactor, add 2.5L DMF successively, 10g 4-hydroxyl-TEMPO, 4.6g CuCl adds oxalic acid and regulates pH to 6, under 0-5 ℃; Drip conjugate unsaturated enol compound [1S, 1 ' E, 3R, 5Z; 7E, 20R)-9,10-open loop courage steroid-20-(3 '-cyclohexyl-3 '-hydroxyl-1 '-propylene)-1,3-two (tertiary butyl dimethyl Si base)-5; 7,10 (19)-triolefins] (24 (S) content is that 77.4%, 24 (R) content is 22.6%) 136.6g (0.200mol) 200ml benzinum, feed O simultaneously
2(50-60ml/min) stirring reaction.The HPLC detection reaction finishes, to going in the 1L frozen water 2L Petroleum ether extraction 3 times; United extraction liquid is used 1L10%NaHCO3,1L water washing respectively, anhydrous magnesium sulfate drying 0.5h.Filter, concentrated mother liquor obtains the unsaturated ketenes title compound of conjugation, be light yellow oil 106 (0.166mol), and yield 83.0%, the HPLC detection level is 75.1%.
Embodiment 6 [(1S, 1 ' E, 3R, 5Z, 7E, 20R)-9,10-open loop courage steroid-20-(3 '-cyclohexyl-3 '-carbonyl-1 '-propylene)-1,3-two (tertiary butyl dimethyl Si base)-5,7,10 (19)-triolefins] preparation
In reactor drum, add 2.5L DMF successively, 3.4g 4-carbonyl-TEMPO, 2.4g CuCl adds oxalic acid and regulates pH to 5,5-10 ℃; Drip conjugate unsaturated enol compound [1S, 1 ' E, 3R, 5Z; 7E, 20R)-9,10-open loop courage steroid-20-(3 '-cyclohexyl-3 '-hydroxyl-1 '-propylene)-1,3-two (tertiary butyl dimethyl Si base)-5; 7,10 (19)-triolefins] (24 (S) content is that 77.4%, 24 (R) content is 22.6%) 136.6g (0.200mol) 200ml sherwood oil, feed O simultaneously
2(50-60ml/min) stirring reaction.The HPLC detection reaction finishes, to going in the 1L frozen water 2L Petroleum ether extraction 3 times; United extraction liquid is used 1L10%NaHCO3,1L water washing respectively, anhydrous magnesium sulfate drying 0.5h.Filter, concentrated mother liquor obtains the unsaturated ketenes title compound of conjugation, be light yellow oil 104.5g (0.164mol), and yield 82.0%, the HPLC detection level is 76.2%.
Embodiment 7 [1S, 1 ' E, 3R, 5E, 7E, 20R)-9,10-open loop courage steroid-20-(3 '-cyclopropyl-3 '-carbonyl-1 '-propylene)-1,3-two (trimethylsiloxy group)-5,7,10 (19)-triolefins] preparation
In reactor drum, add 2.5L DMF successively, 6g TEMPO, 3.8g CuCl adds oxalic acid and regulates pH to 6, under 0-5 ℃; Drip conjugate unsaturated enol compound [1S, 1 ' E, 3R, 5Z; 7E, 20R)-9,10-open loop courage steroid-20-(3 '-cyclopropyl-3 '-hydroxyl-1 '-propylene)-1,3-two (trimethylsiloxy group)-5; 7,10 (19)-triolefins] (24 (S) content is that 19.1%, 24 (R) content is 80.9%) 111.4g (0.200mol)/200ml sherwood oil, feed O simultaneously
2(50-60ml/min) stirring reaction.The HPLC detection reaction finishes, to going in the 1L frozen water 2L Petroleum ether extraction 3 times; United extraction liquid is used 1L10%NaHCO3,1L water washing respectively, anhydrous magnesium sulfate drying 0.5h.Filter, concentrated mother liquor obtains the unsaturated ketenes title compound of conjugation, be light yellow oil 115g (0.180mol), and yield 90.0%, the HPLC detection level is 78.3%.
Embodiment 8 [1S, 1 ' E, 3R, 5E, 7E, 20R)-9,10-open loop courage steroid-20-(3 '-cyclopropyl-3 '-carbonyl-1 '-propylene)-1,3-two (trimethylsiloxy group)-5,7,10 (19)-triolefins] preparation
In reactor, add 2.5L DMF successively, 4.1g4-hydroxyl-TEMPO, 2.5g CuCl adds oxalic acid and regulates pH to 3, under 5-10 ℃; Drip conjugate unsaturated enol compound [1S, 1 ' E, 3R, 5Z; 7E, 20R)-9,10-open loop courage steroid-20-(3 '-cyclopropyl-3 '-hydroxyl-1 '-propylene)-1,3-two (trimethylsiloxy group)-5; 7,10 (19)-triolefins] (24 (S) content is that 19.1%, 24 (R) content is 80.9%) 111.4g (0.200mol)/200ml benzinum, feed O simultaneously
2(50-60ml/min) stirring reaction.The HPLC detection reaction finishes, to going in the 1L frozen water 2L Petroleum ether extraction 3 times; United extraction liquid is used 1L10%NaHCO3,1L water washing respectively, anhydrous magnesium sulfate drying 0.5h.Filter, concentrated mother liquor obtains the unsaturated ketenes title compound of conjugation, be light yellow oil 110g (0.172mol), and yield 86.0%, the HPLC detection level is 78.5%.
Embodiment 9 [1S, 1 ' E, 3R, 5E, 7E, 20R)-9,10-open loop courage steroid-20-(3 '-cyclopropyl-3 '-carbonyl-1 '-propylene)-1,3-two (tertiary butyl dimethyl Si base)-5,7,10 (19)-triolefins] preparation
In reactor drum, add 2.5L DMF successively, 7.2g TEMPO, 4.1g CuCl adds oxalic acid and regulates pH to 6, under 0-5 ℃; Drip conjugate unsaturated enol compound [1S, 1 ' E, 3R, 5Z; 7E, 20R)-9,10-open loop courage steroid-20-(3 '-cyclopropyl-3 '-hydroxyl-1 '-propylene)-1,3-two (tertiary butyl dimethyl Si base)-5; 7,10 (19)-triolefins] (24 (S) content is that 18.3%, 24 (R) content is 81.7%) 128.2g (0.200mol)/200ml sherwood oil, feed O simultaneously
2(50-60ml/min) stirring reaction.The HPLC detection reaction finishes, to going in the 1L frozen water 2L Petroleum ether extraction 3 times; United extraction liquid is used 1L10%NaHCO3,1L water washing respectively, anhydrous magnesium sulfate drying 0.5h.Filter, concentrated mother liquor obtains the unsaturated ketenes title compound of conjugation, be light yellow oil 107.5g (0.168mol), and yield 84.0%, the HPLC detection level is 77.8%.
Embodiment 10 [1S, 1 ' E, 3R, 5E, 7E, 20R)-9,10-open loop courage steroid-20-(3 '-cyclopropyl-3 '-carbonyl-1 '-propylene)-1,3-two (tertiary butyl dimethyl Si base)-5,7,10 (19)-triolefins] preparation
In reactor drum, add 2.5L DMF successively, 2.5g 4-carbonyl-TEMPO, 1.8g CuCl adds oxalic acid and regulates pH to 7, under 0-5 ℃; Drip conjugate unsaturated enol compound [1S, 1 ' E, 3R, 5Z; 7E, 20R)-9,10-open loop courage steroid-20-(3 '-cyclopropyl-3 '-hydroxyl-1 '-propylene)-1,3-two (tertiary butyl dimethyl Si base)-5; 7,10 (19)-triolefins] (24 (S) content is that 18.3%, 24 (R) content is 81.7%) 128.2g (0.200mol)/200ml sherwood oil, feed O simultaneously
2(50-60ml/min) stirring reaction.The HPLC detection reaction finishes, to going in the 1L frozen water 2L Petroleum ether extraction 3 times; United extraction liquid is used 1L10%NaHCO3,1L water washing respectively, anhydrous magnesium sulfate drying 0.5h.Filter, concentrated mother liquor obtains the unsaturated ketenes title compound of conjugation, be light yellow oil 105.5g (0.165mol), and yield 82.3%, the HPLC detection level is 75.7%.