CN101747075B - Porous conductive MAX phase ceramics and preparation method and use thereof - Google Patents

Porous conductive MAX phase ceramics and preparation method and use thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101747075B
CN101747075B CN2008102295134A CN200810229513A CN101747075B CN 101747075 B CN101747075 B CN 101747075B CN 2008102295134 A CN2008102295134 A CN 2008102295134A CN 200810229513 A CN200810229513 A CN 200810229513A CN 101747075 B CN101747075 B CN 101747075B
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sintering
ceramics
max phase
porous
phase ceramics
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CN101747075A (en
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王晓辉
周延春
张小文
陈继新
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Institute of Metal Research of CAS
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Institute of Metal Research of CAS
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Abstract

The invention relates to a porous conductive ceramics, in particular to a porous conductive MAX phase (Ti3SiC2, Ti3AlC2 or Ti2AlC) ceramics with a through hole structure, and a preparation method and a use thereof. The porosity of the porous ceramics is adjustable within the range of 20-65%, the ceramics comprises a through hole structure, and the openporosity is more than 85%. The preparation method comprises the steps of taking MAX phase ceramic powder as a raw material, molding, carrying out pressureless sintering in an atmosphere furnace, keeping the sintering temperature at 1200-1400 DEG C, and leading the sintering time to be 0.5-3 hours. The MAX phase conductive ceramics with the through hole structure prepared by the pressureless sintering method can be used as a catalyst carrier material for automobile exhaust purification. The invention can solve the problems of liquid phase, a large number of closed pores in the generated hole and the like during the sintering process by optimizing the molding pressure, the sintering temperature and the time precise control of the porosity.

Description

Porous conductive MAX phase ceramics
Technical field
The present invention relates to the porous, electrically conductive pottery, be specially a kind of porous conductive MAX phase (Ti with through hole structure 3SiC 2, Ti 3AlC 2Or Ti 2AlC) pottery.
Background technology
Nowadays, automobile quantity increases sharply, and causes the emission of automobile wastes amount to grow with each passing day.Carbon monoxide in the tail gas (CO), hydrocarbon (C xH y), oxynitrides (NO x), material such as sulfur dioxide, solid particle and aldehydes has the taste of intense stimulus property or carcinogenesis arranged, and become the important source of atmospheric pollution.
Be to reduce the pollution of tail gas, mainly adopt the outer measures of machine such as emission controls by improving combustion measure such as exhaust gas recirculation, late ignition time and efficient catalytic technology.The efficient catalytic technology is with CO, C before tail gas is discharged cylinder entering atmosphere xH y, NO xBe converted into CO 2, H 2O, N 2The three-way catalytic converter that is adopted is made up of shell, carrier and catalyst three parts.Wherein carrier is a part and parcel, and two kinds of ceramic monolith and metallic carriers are arranged.At present, what use in a large number is cellular monoblock type ceramic monolith, and its material is cordierite, mullite, α-Al 2O 3, traditional ceramics such as zirconia, aluminium titanates, titanium dioxide, mullite, petalite, spodumene, alumino-silicate and magnesium silicate.Except widely used ceramic monolith, progress into people's the visual field by the metal foil carriers of stainless steel or alloy material making.Compare with ceramic monolith, conductive metal foil can electrical heating, can reduce the cold-starting automobile time, discharge of harmful gases amount when significantly having reduced startup.Although the metal foil carriers function admirable, complex forming technology, especially carrier and catalyst activity layer tack are poor.
At present, the subject matter that the catalyst carrier of using faces is: the non-conductive or poorly conductive of traditional ceramics carrier, be difficult for electrical heating, and thermal shock resistance is bad; The metal foil carriers good conductivity can electrical heating, but big with catalyst activity layer difference of thermal expansion coefficients, active layer peels off from carrier easily.
The MAX phase ceramics is (like Ti 3SiC 2, Ti 3AlC 2, Ti 2AlC) contain covalent bond and metallic bond, the advantage of integrated pottery and metal is like thermal shock resistance and the good electrical conductivity and the workability ability of high mechanical strength, excellence.These performances have overcome the deficiency of traditional ceramics carrier and metal foil carriers just simultaneously, make the MAX phase ceramics (like Ti 3SiC 2, Ti 3AlC 2, Ti 2AlC) be with a wide range of applications as catalyst carrier material.But it is up to the present, very limited to the research report of porous MAX phase ceramics both at home and abroad.The method of existing preparation porous MAX phase ceramics adopts approach (document 1, S.A.Firstov, the E.P.Pechkovsky.Powder Metall.Met.Ceram.42:424 (2003) of reaction-sintered; Document 2, Z.M.Sun, A.Murugaiah, T.Zhen, A.G.Zhou, M.W Barsoum.Acta Mater., 53:4359 (2005)).Because in the process of sintering, have liquid phase to generate, there is a large amount of closed pores in the hole of generation,, will reduces the catalyst activity layer and on the carrier hole wall, effectively utilize area if as catalyst carrier material.For the porous MAX phase ceramics that obtains to have the through hole structure (like Ti 3SiC 2, Ti 3AlC 2, Ti 2AlC), it is necessary avoiding in sintering process, occurring liquid phase.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation to have the porous conductive MAX phase (Ti of through hole structure 3SiC 2, Ti 3AlC 2, Ti 2AlC) pottery and preparation method thereof, and its purposes is proposed, liquid phase appears in solution in sintering process, and there are a large amount of problems such as closed pore in the hole of generation.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of porous conductive MAX phase ceramics has the through hole structure through the pressureless sintering porous conductive MAX phase ceramics, and the porosity is between 20-65%, and apparent porosity is at 85%-100%.
The preparation method of said porous conductive MAX phase ceramics is a raw material with MAX phase ceramics powder, after the moulding, in atmosphere furnace, do not have (the being normal pressure) sintering of pressure and obtains porous ceramics, and heating rate 5-20 ℃/min, sintering temperature 1200-1400 ℃, sintering time 0.5-3 hour.Thereby, prepare porous conductive MAX phase ceramics with through hole structure through pressureless sintering.
Said MAX phase ceramics is Ti 3SiC 2, Ti 3AlC 2Or Ti 2AlC.
Said cold moudling or the cold isostatic compaction of being shaped to.Wherein, cold moudling is at 20-60MPa pressure, 5-20 minute compacted under; Cold isostatic compaction is at 50-200MPa pressure, 5-20 minute compacted under.
Said pressureless sintering is carried out in argon gas or vacuum atmosphere.
The purposes of said porous conductive MAX phase ceramics, the MAX conductive ceramic phase with through hole structure for preparing through pressureless sintering method can be used as the catalyst carrier for purifying automobile exhaust material.
Advantage of the present invention is:
1, the inventive method can prepare porous MAX conductive ceramic phase.
2, the hole of the porous MAX phase ceramics of the present invention's preparation has the pore structure of perforation, and the perforate porosity is more than 85%.
3, the porous MAX phase ceramics of the present invention's preparation can accurately be controlled porosity through optimizing briquetting pressure, sintering temperature and sintering time, and porosity is adjustable between 20-65%.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 .Ti 3SiC 2Photo behind 1200 ℃ of sintering.
Fig. 2 .Ti 3SiC 2Photo behind 1300 ℃ of sintering.
The specific embodiment
Through embodiment the present invention is detailed below.
Embodiment 1.
Ti 3SiC 2The moulding in 5 minutes of under 25MPa pressure, colding pressing is then dried in powder (granularity 2-5 micron) wet-milling 2 hours in the planetary ball mill jar in room temperature.Base substrate after the cold moudling was put into the atmosphere furnace sintering 2 hours.Atmosphere is argon gas, 10 ℃/min of heating rate, 1200 ℃ of sintering temperatures.Thereby, the MAX phase ceramics of acquisition porous, electrically conductive, porosity 54% behind the sintering, the perforate porosity 98%.Behind the sintering, porous ceramics has kept the profile of base substrate preferably, and is as shown in Figure 1.
Embodiment 2.
Ti 3AlC 2Isostatic cool pressing moulding in 20 minutes under 200MPa pressure is then dried in powder (granularity 2-5 micron) wet-milling 10 hours in the planetary ball mill jar in room temperature.Base substrate behind the cold isostatic compaction was put into the atmosphere furnace sintering 0.5 hour.Atmosphere is argon gas, 10 ℃/min of heating rate, 1400 ℃ of sintering temperatures.Thereby, the MAX phase ceramics of acquisition porous, electrically conductive, porosity 20% behind the sintering, the perforate porosity 85%.
Embodiment 3.
Ti 2The moulding in 10 minutes of under 20MPa pressure, colding pressing is then dried in AlC powder (granularity 2-5 micron) wet-milling 5 hours in the planetary ball mill jar in room temperature.Base substrate after the cold moudling was put into the atmosphere furnace sintering 0.5 hour.Atmosphere is that (vacuum is 10 to vacuum -2Pa), 5 ℃/min of heating rate, 1200 ℃ of sintering temperatures.Thereby, the MAX phase ceramics of acquisition porous, electrically conductive, porosity 60% behind the sintering, the perforate porosity 98%.
Embodiment 4.
Ti 3SiC 2The moulding in 20 minutes of under 25MPa pressure, colding pressing is then dried in powder (granularity 2-5 micron) wet-milling 2 hours in the planetary ball mill jar in room temperature.Base substrate after the cold moudling was put into the atmosphere furnace sintering 2 hours.Atmosphere is argon gas, 10 ℃/min of heating rate, 1300 ℃ of sintering temperatures.Thereby, the MAX phase ceramics of acquisition porous, electrically conductive, porosity 46% behind the sintering, the perforate porosity 95%.Behind the sintering, porous ceramics has kept the profile of base substrate well, and is as shown in Figure 2.
Embodiment 5.
Ti 3AlC 2The moulding in 15 minutes of under 40MPa pressure, colding pressing is then dried in powder (granularity 2-5 micron) wet-milling 1 hour in the planetary ball mill jar in room temperature.Base substrate after the cold moudling was put into the atmosphere furnace sintering 3 hours.Atmosphere is argon gas, 15 ℃/min of heating rate, 1350 ℃ of sintering temperatures.Thereby, the MAX phase ceramics of acquisition porous, electrically conductive, porosity 36% behind the sintering, the perforate porosity 92%.
Embodiment 6.
Ti 2The moulding in 5 minutes of under 30MPa pressure, colding pressing is then dried in AlC powder (granularity 2-5 micron) wet-milling 5 hours in the planetary ball mill jar in room temperature.Base substrate after the cold moudling was put into the atmosphere furnace sintering 1 hour.Atmosphere is argon gas, 20 ℃/min of heating rate, 1300 ℃ of sintering temperatures.Thereby, the MAX phase ceramics of acquisition porous, electrically conductive, porosity 45% behind the sintering, the perforate porosity 95%.
Embodiment result shows that the present invention can accurately control porosity through optimizing briquetting pressure, sintering temperature and time, and the MAX conductive ceramic phase with through hole structure for preparing through pressureless sintering method can be used as the catalyst carrier for purifying automobile exhaust material.

Claims (2)

1. porous conductive MAX phase ceramics, it is characterized in that: have the through hole structure through the pressureless sintering porous conductive MAX phase ceramics, the porosity is between 20-65%, and apparent porosity is at 85%-100%;
Said MAX phase ceramics is Ti 3SiC 2, Ti 3AlC 2Or Ti 2AlC;
With MAX phase ceramics powder is raw material, and after the moulding, pressureless sintering obtains porous ceramics in atmosphere furnace, heating rate 5-20 ℃/min, and sintering temperature 1200-1400 ℃, sintering time 0.5-3 hour; Thereby, prepare porous conductive MAX phase ceramics with through hole structure through pressureless sintering;
Said cold moudling or the cold isostatic compaction of being shaped to;
Cold moudling is at 20-60MPa pressure, 5-20 minute compacted under; Cold isostatic compaction is at 50-200MPa pressure, 5-20 minute compacted under;
Said pressureless sintering is carried out in argon gas or vacuum atmosphere.
2. according to the purposes of the described porous conductive MAX phase ceramics of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the MAX conductive ceramic phase with through hole structure through the pressureless sintering method preparation can be used as the catalyst carrier for purifying automobile exhaust material.
CN2008102295134A 2008-12-10 2008-12-10 Porous conductive MAX phase ceramics and preparation method and use thereof Expired - Fee Related CN101747075B (en)

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CN102557718A (en) * 2011-12-21 2012-07-11 中南大学 TiC-containing particle reinforced ternary compound-based flexible porous ceramic material and manufacturing method thereof
CN103086742A (en) * 2013-01-24 2013-05-08 中国科学院金属研究所 Electrically-conductive Ti3AlC2 honeycomb ceramic as well as preparation method and application thereof
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CN103819193B (en) * 2014-02-20 2015-06-10 北京交通大学 Washing preparation method for porous Ti3AlC2 ceramic by using NaCl
CN104291824A (en) * 2014-09-23 2015-01-21 中国科学院金属研究所 Method for preparing laminated conductive titanium-aluminum-carbon honeycomb ceramic by using element powder in situ and application
CN105126887B (en) * 2015-08-21 2017-11-21 成都易态科技有限公司 Catalyst support and its preparation method and application
CN106032324B (en) * 2016-04-06 2018-11-06 中国科学院金属研究所 A kind of synthesis main phase is Ti2The method of the spherical MAX phases powder body material of AlC
CN106830978B (en) * 2017-01-20 2020-02-18 华南理工大学 Preparation method of high-purity porous titanium silicon carbon ceramic
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CN109553418B (en) * 2018-12-05 2021-08-13 武汉轻工大学 Ti2AlC porous material and preparation method thereof
CN111848162A (en) * 2020-07-30 2020-10-30 山东东大新材料研究院有限公司 Preparation method of porous zirconia ceramic with adjustable resistivity and porosity
CN112121833B (en) * 2020-09-30 2023-11-07 新乡学院 BiOBr x I 1-x Preparation method of/MXene composite catalyst
CN113831132A (en) * 2021-09-15 2021-12-24 深圳市艾溹技术研究有限公司 Heating ceramic body for electronic atomization and preparation method thereof

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