CN101741018B - Gas switch electrode - Google Patents
Gas switch electrode Download PDFInfo
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- CN101741018B CN101741018B CN2010101044899A CN201010104489A CN101741018B CN 101741018 B CN101741018 B CN 101741018B CN 2010101044899 A CN2010101044899 A CN 2010101044899A CN 201010104489 A CN201010104489 A CN 201010104489A CN 101741018 B CN101741018 B CN 101741018B
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- electrode
- sleeve
- tip holder
- switch
- graphite
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Abstract
The invention discloses a gas switch electrode, comprising a graphite electrode, an electrode sleeve and an electrode seat, wherein the graphite electrode is compactly pressed on the electrode seat by the electrode sleeve; the outer circular conical surface of the graphite electrode and the inner circular conical surface of the electrode sleeve have the same conical degree; the electrode sleeve is fixed on the electrode seat by using bolts and nuts via installing and positioning holes; and a gap is retained between the electrode seat and the electrode sleeve. The installing and positioning holes are optimal through holes with smooth inner walls, the diameter of the through hole is larger than that of the bolt, and a layer of organic insulating material can cover outside the bolt.The invention can ensure tight contact of the electrode and the electrode seat, has no influence on the electric property of the switch, prevent serious ablation and adhesion for the electrode seat and related fasteners (like bolts and nuts) after repeated breakover and discharge of the switch, and improve the detachability of the electrode structure after repeated breakover and discharge of the switch obviously, thus facilitating maintenance and replacement of the electrode.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to high voltage electrical engineering and electric apparatus technology and Pulse Power Techniques field, relate to a kind of burn-out proof electrode with two electrode coaxial configuration gas switchs.
Background technology
Pulse Power Techniques are meant the energy with higher density that the long period stored is got up, carry out Fast Compression, conversion or directly release energy to the electric physical technique of load with the very short time.Switching device occupies special status in pulse power system, this is because the rise time of the parameter of switching device and characteristic paired pulses, amplitude etc. produce the most directly, the influence of sensitivity.The paired pulses power device says that its performance is within reason fully by the characteristic decision of the switch that uses.Energy storage being transferred to any progress of the ability of load, is prerequisite successfully to design and to develop various pulse high current switches all.In pulse power system; Pulse power switch work under high voltage, big electric current; Condition is very abominable, and punch-through in the switch and the discharge physics process on the switch electrode are very complicated, and the ablation of switch electrode material when puncturing will directly have influence on switch performances and life-span.For this reason, having the tolerating high voltage heavy current, puncture short and dispersed little, the inductance of time delay and resistance is little, electrode erosion is few and the development of various switching devices that can high repetition frequency work, is crucial problem in the Pulse Power Techniques.
Gas switch has that response is fast, loss is little, bears the voltage height, conduction current is big, stability is high, inductance and shake is low, operating voltage is easy to adjust, firm, advantage such as cost is low simple in structure, therefore in high voltage electrical technology field and Pulse Power Techniques field, has obtained application widely.Common gas spark switch comprises three electrode field distortion spark gaps, two-electrode gas spark switch etc.The gas switch conducting meeting in high-voltage great-current field produces strong electric arc in its gas gap, arc temperature is along with switch internal gas pressure, electric field strength, the isoparametric variation of size of current passed through can reach several thousand even several ten thousand degrees centigrade.So the electric arc of high temperature is to the metal electrode of gas switch and adopt the securing member of various thread forms that very strong ablation effect is arranged.When serious, metal melting cools off the back again even can be sticked together.
Because the ablation of trigger electrode itself will have a strong impact on the life-span of switch, common three electrode field distortion spark gaps are not suitable for being applied under the big current work situation.The two-electrode gas switch is not have ablation problem yet, between its electrode and the electrode tip holder, between electrode sleeve and the electrode tip holder, have ablation problem between the screw of connection electrode seat and electrode sleeve and the screw thread yet.The size of the conducting electric current in pulse power field often can reach hundreds of thousands ampere peak value.Under the situation of repeatedly big current lead-through discharge, metal ablation adhesion takes place through regular meeting in the screw of electrode and electrode tip holder, electrode sleeve and electrode tip holder, connection electrode seat and electrode sleeve and screw thread.
The erosion degree decision that the life-span of gas switch is caused by electrode erosion usually, the switch that reaches life span usually just electrode need change and other parts can continue to use.But because the metal adhesion of the electrode that causes after the discharge of the repeatedly big current lead-through of switch and the screw and nut of electrode tip holder, electrode sleeve and electrode tip holder, connection electrode seat and electrode sleeve, the switch integral replacing of often having at this moment.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is application demand to big circuit closed switch in the pulse power system; A kind of gas switch electrode is provided; This motor can alleviate the metal adhesion of ablating and causing; Make gas switch can after long-time running, dismantle old electrode and the new electrode of installation relatively easily, reduce operation expense.
Gas switch electrode provided by the invention; Comprise graphite electrode, electrode sleeve and electrode tip holder; It is characterized in that: an end of graphite electrode is processed into taper seat, and is embedded in the electrode sleeve, and the contact tapering of part of the outer conical surface of graphite electrode and the internal conical surface of electrode sleeve is consistent; Electrode sleeve utilizes screw and nut to be fixed on the electrode tip holder through the installing and locating hole, leaves the gap between electrode sleeve and the electrode tip holder, and graphite electrode contacts with electrode tip holder.
As the improvement of technique scheme, said installing and locating hole is the through hole of inner wall smooth, and through-hole diameter is greater than the diameter of screw; Screw is with one deck organic insulating material outward.
Kind electrode structure provided by the invention can be brought the remarkable benefit of two aspects; The first makes the contact resistance between electrode sleeve and the electrode tip holder be far longer than the contact resistance between graphite electrode and the electrode tip holder; The switch conduction instantaneous large-current will mainly flow through from electrode tip holder to graphite electrode; Greatly alleviated the ablation adhesion between electrode sleeve and the electrode tip holder, the ablation adhesion only possibly take place in the screw and nut combining structure, so it is very convenient to change graphite electrode during operation maintenance; Its two be taper seat make graphite electrode switch conduction moment during through big electric current electric power distribute more evenly, alleviated the destructions such as fracture disintegration that the mechanical stress inequality that produces because of electric power causes graphite electrode, thereby prolonged electrode life.
The present invention is guaranteeing that electrode closely contacts with electrode tip holder; When not influencing the switch electric property; Can prevent that electrode tip holder and associated fastener (like screw, nut etc.) from repeatedly after the conducting discharge serious ablation adhesion taking place at switch; Improve the repeatedly detachability of electrode structure after the conducting discharge of switch significantly, thereby make things convenient for the maintenance and the replacing of electrode.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of gas switch electrode;
Fig. 2 is an electrode sleeve profile 3 d effect graph;
Fig. 3 is an electrode profile 3 d effect graph;
Among the figure 1, graphite electrode; 2, electrode sleeve; 3, electrode tip holder; 4, the screw and nut combining structure; 5, the gap between electrode tip holder and the electrode sleeve; 6, the contact-making surface of electrode and electrode tip holder; 7, the contact-making surface of electrode and electrode sleeve; 8, screw.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with figure the present invention is described further.
As shown in Figure 1, to the basic demand of electrode structural designs be, can let and guarantee good being electrically connected between graphite electrode 1 and the electrode tip holder 3, switch conduction moment does not produce spark phenomenon, prevents the adhesion of ablating between electrode sleeve 2 and the electrode tip holder 3 simultaneously.The basic mounting means that electrode structure of the present invention adopts is: graphite electrode 1 is crimped on the electrode tip holder 3 by electrode sleeve 2, and electrode sleeve 2 is fixedly mounted on the electrode tip holder 3 through screw 8 and nut 4, forms a complete electrode structure thus.
Graphite is the electrode material of using always; But because the kind of graphite is a lot, not every graphite material all can be used as the electrode material of electric machining, makes graphite electrode 1 and should use high strength, high-purity and isotropic graphite; Usually its shore hardness should be greater than 70, and purity should be greater than 95%.
Can see that in conjunction with Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 graphite electrode 1 all is processed into taper seat with the contact-making surface of electrode sleeve 2, utilize this conical surface to form electrode sleeve 2 anchor ear graphite electrodes 1 and be mounted on the state on the electrode tip holder 3 then.The screw and nut combining structure 4 of utilizing between electrode sleeve 2 and the electrode tip holder 3 can closely be crimped on together with the contact-making surface between assurance graphite electrode 1 and the electrode tip holder 3.Therefore, after the installation, the contact-making surface 6 of electrode and electrode tip holder, the contact-making surface 7 of electrode and electrode sleeve all should contact closely as much as possible.
For guaranteeing the contact-making surface 6 of electrode and electrode tip holder, the contact-making surface 7 of electrode and electrode sleeve all as much as possible closely contacts, and need guarantee when Machine Design that the outer conical surface of graphite electrode 1 is consistent with the tapering of the internal conical surface of electrode sleeve 2.The tapering of the taper seat that both contact like graphite electrode 1 and electrode sleeve 2 all is 19 degree.
In order to prevent the adhesion of after big electric current operation, ablating of electrode tip holder 3 and electrode sleeve 2, must let electrode tip holder 3 and electrode sleeve 2 reduce contact area as far as possible.In conjunction with Fig. 1, there are a little gap, i.e. gap between electrode tip holder and the electrode sleeve 5 between electrode tip holder 3 and the electrode sleeve 2.Gap 5 between electrode tip holder and the electrode sleeve does not need too big, generally has 0.2～1 millimeter to get final product.From the angle of machining, realize that a kind of way easily in the gap 5 between electrode tip holder and the electrode sleeve is: according to the height of electrode tip holder 3 to the mounting flange disc thickness of the electrode sleeve 2 first size design that does good.
The ablation of big electric current lower electrode arrangement also very easily occurs in the screw thread place.Therefore, the installing and locating hole that is distributed on electrode sleeve 2 and the electrode tip holder 3 all can not machining screw, promptly should be processed into the through hole of inner wall smooth, and the somewhat larger in diameter in installing and locating hole is in the diameter of screw 8, usually big 1-2 millimeter.Screw 8 needn't closely contact with the installing and locating hole when passing the installing and locating hole on electrode sleeve 2 and the electrode tip holder 3; During installation; Screw 8 is outer will to overlap one deck yielding organic insulating material commonly used, and thermoplastic sleeve pipe for example is as the insulating barrier between screw and the installing and locating hole inwall.
Screw 8 and nut 4, and employed plain washer, spring washer should use the spare and accessory parts of national Specification as far as possible in the installation process.Nut 4 after cranking test repeatedly maybe with screw 8 ablation adhesions, if screw 8 damages with nut 4 during the dismounting electrode structure, then be convenient for changing new part.
The above is preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the present invention should not be confined to the disclosed content of this embodiment and accompanying drawing.So everyly do not break away from the equivalence of accomplishing under the disclosed spirit of the present invention or revise, all fall into the scope of the present invention's protection.
Claims (3)
1. gas switch electrode; Comprise graphite electrode (1), electrode sleeve (2) and electrode tip holder (3); It is characterized in that: an end of graphite electrode (1) is processed into taper seat; And be embedded in the electrode sleeve (2), the internal conical surface of the outer conical surface of graphite electrode (1) and electrode sleeve (2) contact the part tapering consistent; Electrode sleeve (2) utilizes screw (8) and nut (4) to be fixed on the electrode tip holder (3) through the installing and locating hole; Said installing and locating hole is meant the installing and locating hole on electrode sleeve (2) and the electrode tip holder (3); Leave gap (5) between electrode sleeve (2) and the electrode tip holder (3), graphite electrode (1) contacts with electrode tip holder (3).
2. gas switch electrode according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said installing and locating hole is the through hole of inner wall smooth, and through-hole diameter is greater than the diameter of screw (8).
3. gas switch electrode according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: the outer one deck organic insulating material that is with of screw (8).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010101044899A CN101741018B (en) | 2010-01-29 | 2010-01-29 | Gas switch electrode |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010101044899A CN101741018B (en) | 2010-01-29 | 2010-01-29 | Gas switch electrode |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101741018A CN101741018A (en) | 2010-06-16 |
| CN101741018B true CN101741018B (en) | 2012-05-23 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010101044899A Expired - Fee Related CN101741018B (en) | 2010-01-29 | 2010-01-29 | Gas switch electrode |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN101741018B (en) |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2705488A1 (en) * | 1977-02-10 | 1978-08-17 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | CONTROLLED ELECTRIC HIGH VOLTAGE SWITCHING DEVICE |
| US4912369A (en) * | 1988-09-16 | 1990-03-27 | United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | High PRF high current switch |
| US5233143A (en) * | 1991-11-06 | 1993-08-03 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | High-power gas switch with hydride electrodes |
| CN1158517A (en) * | 1995-11-28 | 1997-09-03 | 株式会社水山特装 | Pseudospark switch |
| CN101577396A (en) * | 2009-06-12 | 2009-11-11 | 西安交通大学 | Two-electrode spark gap gas switch |
-
2010
- 2010-01-29 CN CN2010101044899A patent/CN101741018B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2705488A1 (en) * | 1977-02-10 | 1978-08-17 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | CONTROLLED ELECTRIC HIGH VOLTAGE SWITCHING DEVICE |
| US4912369A (en) * | 1988-09-16 | 1990-03-27 | United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | High PRF high current switch |
| US5233143A (en) * | 1991-11-06 | 1993-08-03 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | High-power gas switch with hydride electrodes |
| CN1158517A (en) * | 1995-11-28 | 1997-09-03 | 株式会社水山特装 | Pseudospark switch |
| CN101577396A (en) * | 2009-06-12 | 2009-11-11 | 西安交通大学 | Two-electrode spark gap gas switch |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 郭良福等.强激光能源系统用气体开关的研究.《高电压技术》.2007,第33卷(第2期),66-70. * |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN101741018A (en) | 2010-06-16 |
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Granted publication date: 20120523 Termination date: 20190129 |