CN101732968A - Micro-cyclone de-solid method and device in catalytic cracking flue gas washing desulphurization process - Google Patents
Micro-cyclone de-solid method and device in catalytic cracking flue gas washing desulphurization process Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to micro-cyclone de-solid method and device in a catalytic cracking flue gas washing desulphurization process. The micro-cyclone de-solid method in the catalytic cracking flue gas washing desulphurization process comprises the following steps of: carrying out micro-cyclone separation on all or parts of the quenching liquid in the catalytic cracking flue gas washing desulphurization process to remove fine solid particles carried in the quenching liquid and obtain purified quenching liquid and quenching liquid rich in solid particles; recycling the purified quenching liquid; neutralizing the quenching liquid rich in solid particles with alkali solution; carrying out micro-cyclone separation on all or parts of the absorption solution in the catalytic cracking flue gas washing desulphurization process to to remove fine solid particles carried in the absorption solution and obtain purified absorption solution and absorption solution rich in solid particles; recycling the purified absorption solution; and filtering to separate the absorption solution rich in solid particles. The invention also provides a micro-cyclone de-solid device in the catalytic cracking flue gas washing desulphurization process.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the chemical industry environmental protection field, relate to a kind of method that adopts little cyclone separator to remove the fine solid particle that exists in quench liquid (cleaning solution), the absorption liquid in the catalytic cracking flue gas washing desulphurization process process, be suitable for handling the heterogeneous separation process of solid-liquid that comprises catalytic cracking flue gas washing desulphurization process quench liquid (cleaning solution), absorption liquid.Specifically, the invention provides quench liquid in the catalytic cracking flue gas washing desulphurization process (cleaning solution), absorption liquid micro-cyclone de-solid method and device.
Background technology
In petroleum refining industry, catalytic cracking (FCC) device regenerated flue gas is owing to contain a large amount of particles, SO
x, NO
xWith pollutants such as CO, had a strong impact on air cleaner, become important air pollution source.Generally speaking, the SO of oil plant generation
xAccount for SO in the atmosphere
xThe 6-7% of total emission volumn, wherein 5% from the sulfide catalytic cracking device.Under typical catalytic cracking reaction condition and conversion level, the 45-55% after cracking reaction of the sulphur in the catalytic cracking charging is converted into H
2S, 35-45% enters fluid product with the form of sulfide, and 5-10% is deposited on the catalyst with the form of coke, and the sulphur that is deposited on the catalyst generates SO in regenerator
x(90%SO
2And 10%SO
3) enter atmosphere with flue gas.Along with refinery's air quality rules increasingly stringent, the refinery is tending towards heavy residual oil of processing heavy oil and sour crude oil and catalytic cracking charging and the raising of mink cell focus ginseng refining ratio, SO in the regeneration fume from catalytic cracking simultaneously
xThe corresponding increase of discharge capacity, not only aggravated environmental pollution, and the equipment corrosion problem also becomes increasingly conspicuous, influence the safe long-term operation of device, make the control of FCC apparatus fume emission constantly receive publicity.Concerning many refineries, FCC apparatus is maximum air emission source, must take measures it is effectively controlled.
Remove catalytic cracking (not having the hydrogenation preliminary treatment) flue gas SO
xMethod the flue gas washing desulphurization technology is arranged usually and uses the sulfur transfer catalyst technology.Wherein washing method takes off SO
xFlue gas washing desulphurization process is simple and reliable, and supporting technology is few, and effect is obvious, if but calculate according to the feedstock oil treating capacity, operating cost is very high; Calculate by desulfurization amount, operating cost might be lower than sulfur transfer catalyst.By to removing the operating cost analysis of sulphur per ton, the suggestion of Belco company, the feedstock oil sulfur content adopts the sulfur transfer catalyst desulfurization in the 0.12-0.5% scope; Sulfur content 0.25-1.5% adopts the flue gas washing desulphurization technology.The wet process of FGD technology not only can remove sulfur oxide but also can remove particle, and the expense that removes sulfur oxide and particle simultaneously and increased is very low, restriction for possible device capability variation in future, feed variation or strict more reduction discharging, the wet scrubbing system has greater flexibility, the most feasible technology of being approved by EPA, expectation will further be applied, particularly in developing country.The FCC flue gas washing desulphurization process of using now and studying has magnesium method, sodium method, ammonia process, seawer washing method and amine process etc.
But, in the catalysis flue gas desulfur device that has put into operation, owing to the limitation of the three-stage cyclone separator separating effect behind the catalytic reactor causes entering entrained catalyst particles micro mist in the catalysis flue gas in the washing desulphurization system.After the entrained catalyst particles micro mist enters washing absorption tower in these catalysis flue gases, can cause carrying secretly in quench liquid (cleaning solution) and the absorption liquid part catalyst micro mist.These catalyst micro mists are constantly accumulated in the recycling process of washing absorption liquid can stop up follow-up equipment (heat transmission equipment, regenerator), also can influence the recycling number of times of washing absorption liquid.
Revolve in the separator normal operation process in catalysis three, contain the solid particle average grain diameter in the quench liquid (cleaning solution) and be generally less than 8 μ m, under the situation of operation operating mode shakiness, the catalysis flue gas can will be brought quench liquid (cleaning solution) into greater than the catalyst granules of 8 μ m.Present stage, the device that has adopts filter that quench liquid (cleaning solution) is carried out purified treatment, and the device that has adopts the mode that quantitatively effluxes quench liquid (cleaning solution) that the solid content in the circulation quench liquid (cleaning solution) is remained in the zone of reasonableness.But reasons such as because there is the cost height in high-accuracy filter, the maintenance cost height easily stops up, and obstruction back pressure drop is excessive, on-the-spot result of use is unsatisfactory.Adopt the mode that quantitatively effluxes quench liquid (cleaning solution) to cause the wasting of resources, also brought the problem of after-treatment.At present, the EDV technology of Belco company is separated the solid micro-powder in the quench liquid (cleaning solution) with regard to adopting filter.
Therefore, contain the rerum natura of fine solid particle and operating condition (promptly at quench liquid (cleaning solution) in the FCC flue gas desulfurization course, solid grain size is little, treating capacity is big), this area presses for develops a kind of solid-liquid separating method that can remove the FCC flue gas washing desulphurization process of fine solid particle under nominal situation.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides micro-cyclone de-solid method and device in a kind of new catalytic cracking flue gas washing desulphurization process, overcome the defective that prior art exists.
On the one hand, the invention provides micro-cyclone de-solid method in a kind of catalytic cracking flue gas washing desulphurization process, this method comprises:
All or part of quench liquid in the catalytic cracking flue gas washing desulphurization process is carried out little rotational flow separation, to remove the fine solid particle of wherein carrying secretly, quench liquid that is purified and the quench liquid that is rich in solia particle;
Quench liquid to described purification carries out recycling; The described quench liquid that is rich in solia particle is neutralized with alkali lye;
All or part of absorption liquid in the catalytic cracking flue gas washing desulphurization process is carried out little rotational flow separation, to remove the fine solid particle of wherein carrying secretly, absorption liquid that is purified and the absorption liquid that is rich in solia particle; And
Absorption liquid to described purification carries out recycling; The described absorption liquid that is rich in solia particle is carried out isolated by filtration.
One preferred embodiment in, the solid content in the described quench liquid is 50-5000mg/L, solid particle size is the 1-20 micron, the wet water density of trickle solid is 1200-2400kg/m
3
Another preferred embodiment in, the solid content in the described absorption liquid is 10-500mg/L, solid particle size is the 1-10 micron, the wet water density of trickle solid is 1200-2400kg/m
3
Another preferred embodiment in, the described quench liquid of part is carried out little rotational flow separation, the clearance of solid particle is not less than 90%; And/or whole described quench liquids are carried out little rotational flow separation, the clearance of solid particle is not less than 80%.
Another preferred embodiment in, whole described absorption liquids are carried out little rotational flow separation, the clearance of solid particle is not less than 80%; And/or the repeat usage of the absorption liquid after described little rotational flow separation or isolated by filtration is not less than 99%.
On the other hand, the invention provides a kind of device that is exclusively used in micro-cyclone de-solid method in the above-mentioned catalytic cracking flue gas washing desulphurization process, this device comprises:
Be used for the useless flue gas of catalytic cracking is washed washing/absorption tower that cooling absorbs;
The little cyclone separator that is connected with the washing section on described washing/absorption tower, be used for all or part of quench liquid of catalytic cracking flue gas washing desulphurization process is carried out little rotational flow separation, to remove the fine solid particle of wherein carrying secretly, quench liquid that is purified and the quench liquid that is rich in solia particle;
With the blender that described little cyclone separator is connected, be used for the described quench liquid that is rich in solia particle is neutralized with alkali lye;
The little cyclone separator that is connected with the absorber portion on described washing/absorption tower, be used for all or part of absorption liquid of catalytic cracking flue gas washing desulphurization process is carried out little rotational flow separation, to remove the fine solid particle of wherein carrying secretly, absorption liquid that is purified and the absorption liquid that is rich in solia particle; And
With the filter that described little cyclone separator is connected, be used for the described absorption liquid that is rich in solia particle is carried out isolated by filtration.
One preferred embodiment in, described little cyclone separator is composed in parallel by one or more little eddy flow core pipes; And/or the material of described little cyclone separator is acid-alkali-corrosive-resisting and abrasion-resistant material.
Another preferred embodiment in, described little cyclone separator uses in the mode of single-stage or plural serial stage combination; And/or the mounting means of described little cyclone separator is vertical or tilting is installed.
Another preferred embodiment in, the entrance velocity of described little cyclone separator is that 3-10 meter per second, the pressure loss are that 0.05-0.3MPa, water inlet gauge pressure are 0.3-1.6MPa.
Another preferred embodiment in, the material of described blender is the acid-alkali-corrosive-resisting material; And/or the separation accuracy of described filter is the 1-3 micron, and the pressure loss is 0.1-0.3MPa, and mounting means is out that one is equipped with.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram according to the little rotational flow separation flow process of fine solid particle in the catalytic cracking flue gas washing desulphurization process of one embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the little rotational flow separation flow process of catalytic cracking flue gas washing desulphurization process fine solid particle of another embodiment according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the little rotational flow separation flow process of catalytic cracking flue gas washing desulphurization process fine solid particle of another embodiment according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the little rotational flow separation flow process of catalytic cracking flue gas washing desulphurization process fine solid particle of another embodiment according to the present invention.
The specific embodiment
The present inventor finds through after the extensive and deep research, big for quench liquid in the catalytic cracking flue gas washing desulphurization process (cleaning solution)/this operation flux of absorption liquid, solid grain size little (1-20 μ m), grain diameter is less than the solid-liquid system of 5 μ m mostly, the most effective, inexpensive method is to adopt cyclone separator, but because conventional eddy flow, the cut diameter of cyclone hydraulic separators is greater than 5 microns, under nominal situation, be difficult to remove the solid particle below 5 microns, and being the high-accuracy backwash filter of 1-2 μ m, separation accuracy has the cost height, floor space is big, problems such as easy obstruction, result of use is undesirable under this operating mode, therefore, invented and adopted little cyclone separation process to remove fine solid particle in quench liquid in the catalytic cracking flue gas washing desulphurization process (cleaning solution)/absorption liquid, because it is extensive that little cyclone separator has applicability, simple in structure, adaptability is strong, easy care, the reliability advantages of higher, and compare with common cyclone separation device, separative efficiency is wanted high a lot (d
75Less than 3 microns), with the high speed centrifugation separator, that accurate backwash filter has been compared cost of investment is low, easy care, advantage such as running cost is low; And, the present invention carries out little rotational flow separation to remove the fine solid particle of wherein carrying secretly to all or part of quench liquid (cleaning solution) in the catalytic cracking flue gas washing desulphurization process, the rate that recycles of quench liquid and the recycling rate of waterused of absorption liquid have been improved, guaranteed the cycle of oparation of whole device, the absorption liquid that is come out in the absorption tower adopts little eddy flow and filters the de-solid method that combination separates, utilize the thought of substep concentrating and separating, reduced investment and maintenance cost and reduced energy consumption.Based on above-mentioned discovery, the present invention is accomplished.
The catalytic cracking flue gas desulfurization can be divided into wet method, semidry method and dry method three classes, and wherein the wet process of FGD technology not only can remove sulfur oxide but also can remove particle, the most feasible technology of being approved by EPA.The expense that wet process of FGD removes sulfur oxide and particle simultaneously and increased is very low, restriction for possible device capability variation in future, feed variation or strict more reduction discharging, the wet scrubbing system has greater flexibility, expectation will further be applied, particularly in developing country.Washing method generally is divided into alkali cleaning and two kinds of technologies of non-base wash, and the FCC flue gas washing desulphurization process of using now and studying has magnesium method, sodium method, ammonia process, seawer washing method and amine process etc.More alkali washing process is used NaOH (NaOH) to absorb sulfur oxide and is discharged with solubilized sulfuric acid na form, but under the very high situation of sulfur oxide content, needs to use a large amount of chemical agents, causes the very high of further raising processing and landfill expense.In this case, available alternative medicament and regeneration make the processing of last residue and the technology of optimized operation.Non-base wash generally adopts amine to absorb.Usually, the alkali washing process investment cost is lower, but processing and operating cost are higher.How in early days non-base wash technology is because exploitation is later, uses at present extensivelyless, be used for catalytic cracking unit design phase.
Contain fine solid particle in quench liquid in the catalytic cracking flue gas washing desulphurization process (cleaning solution) and the absorption liquid, particle less (about 1-10 micron), wherein, in normal operation, the particle diameter that contains solid particle in the quench liquid (cleaning solution) is generally less than 10 microns, and the particle diameter that contains solid particle in the absorption liquid is generally less than 5 microns.In order to reduce the wash number of cooling device, improve the rate that recycles of chilled water (chw), prolong the service cycle of package unit, be necessary quench liquid (cleaning solution) and absorption liquid are carried out purified treatment.Little cyclone separator is made up of several eddy flow core pipes, and its separative efficiency is far above the cyclone of routine, and the operation pressure drop of little cyclone separator simultaneously is little, and energy consumption is low.Little cyclone separator can two-stage or more plural serial stage be used in combination with realize isolation of purified, concentrate, the specification requirement of gradation.
In a first aspect of the present invention, the little eddy flow Separation of Solid and Liquid of the absorption liquid that provides quench liquid that (quench tower) comes out of scrubbing tower in a kind of catalytic cracking flue gas washing desulphurization process (cleaning solution) and absorption tower to come out purifies, method for thickening, and this method comprises:
Quench liquid (cleaning solution) is all discharged by scrubbing tower (quench tower) bottom, after all quench liquid (cleaning solution) all passes through little cyclone separator separation, the scavenging solution that comes out in little cyclone separator top goes quench tower to recycle, come out in the bottom goes settling tank to neutralize after containing the solid particle slurries and alkali lye mixing, clear liquid decontaminated water treatment plant after the neutralization, solid mud is regularly handled, the two-stage rotational flow separation PROCESS FOR TREATMENT quench liquid (cleaning solution) that this method also can adopt one-level cyclone clarification secondary eddy flow to concentrate, that is, adopt little cyclone separator that whole quench liquid (cleaning solution) is carried out purified treatment; Perhaps
Part quench liquid (cleaning solution) is discharged by scrubbing tower (quench tower) bottom, after this part quench liquid (cleaning solution) separates through little cyclone separator, the scavenging solution that comes out in little cyclone separator top goes quench tower to recycle, come out in the bottom goes settling tank to neutralize after containing the solid particle slurries and alkali lye mixing, clear liquid decontaminated water treatment plant after the neutralization, solid mud is regularly handled, that is, adopt little cyclone separator that the quench liquid (cleaning solution) of part is carried out purified treatment; And
Absorption liquid is all or part of is discharged by the bottom, absorption tower, and after all or part of absorption liquid all passed through little cyclone separator separation, the scavenging solution that comes out in little cyclone separator top removed follow up device, uses as devices such as regeneration, system products; The solid particle slurries that contain that come out in the bottom separate through filter, and clarified solution after filtering removes follow up device, and solid mud is regularly handled; That is, adopt the mode of rotational flow separation and isolated by filtration combination that absorption liquid is carried out purified treatment.
The present invention adopts little cyclone separator that quench liquid in the catalytic cracking flue gas washing desulphurization process (cleaning solution) is carried out little rotational flow separation, with the fine solid particle in the removal quench liquid (cleaning solution) (promptly, flue gas entrained solid particle, its content is about 50-5000mg/L, solid particle size is the 1-20 micron, and the wet water density of trickle solid is 1200-2400kg/m
3), and adopt the mode of little rotational flow separation and isolated by filtration combination that absorption liquid is carried out purified treatment, with the fine solid particle in the removal absorption liquid (promptly, the absorption liquid that contains solia particle that comes out from the absorption tower, solid content is 10-500mg/L, solid particle size is the 1-10 micron, and the wet water density of trickle solid is 1200-2400kg/m
3).
Preferably, after the part of described flue gas washing desulphurization quench liquid (cleaning solution) had been carried out little rotational flow separation, the clearance of solid particle was not less than 90% in the described flue gas washing desulphurization quench liquid.
Preferably, after described flue gas washing desulphurization quench liquid (cleaning solution) whole had carried out little rotational flow separation, the clearance of solid particle was not less than 80% in the described flue gas washing desulphurization quench liquid.
Preferably, described flue gas washing desulphurization absorption liquid is through little eddy flow and filter after combination separates, and the rate that recycles of absorption liquid is not less than 99%.
Preferably, described little rotational flow separation can be made up of one or more levels little cyclone separator, finishes the purification that contains solid solution, concentrates or the operation of classification of solid particles.
Preferably, whole absorption liquids that described flue gas washing desulphurization is washed after the absorption have carried out little rotational flow separation, the clearance of solid particle is not less than 80%, purification absorption liquid after the separation removes regenerating unit or recycles, the absorption liquid that is rich in little solid particle after the separation goes accurate filter to separate, absorption liquid after the separation removes regenerating unit or recycles, the solid particle periodic cleaning.
In a second aspect of the present invention, the device of quench liquid in a kind of catalytic cracking flue gas washing desulphurization process (cleaning solution) and absorption liquid micro-cyclone de-solid is provided, this device comprises:
Be used for useless flue gas is washed scrubbing tower (quench tower) and the absorption tower that cooling absorbs, also washing absorption tower can be set as one, flue gas removes solid cooling in the washing section washing, and the entrained solid particle enters in the quench liquid (cleaning solution) in the flue gas;
Be connected with quench tower, be used for quench liquid (cleaning solution) is carried out little rotational flow separation, to remove wherein little cyclone separator of entrained solid micro powder granule;
Be connected with described little cyclone separator, be used for the blender that the concentrate that is rich in solid particle that little cyclone separator underflow comes out is mixed with alkali lye;
Be connected with blender, to realize the neutralizing tank of acid-base neutralization process; And
Be connected with the absorption tower, be used for absorption liquid is carried out little rotational flow separation, to remove wherein little cyclone separator of entrained solid micro powder granule;
Be connected with described little cyclone separator, be used for the filter of the concentrate isolated by filtration that is rich in solid particle that little cyclone separator underflow is come out;
Be connected with filter, be used to deposit the sludge tank of solid particle mud.
Preferably, described little cyclone separator is composed in parallel by single, two or more little eddy flow core pipes.
Preferably, the material of described little cyclone separator is acid-alkali-corrosive-resisting and abrasion-resistant material, can be polyurethane, Cr
17Ni
14Mo
2(316L stainless steel) or composite etc.
Preferably, described little cyclone separator can two-stage or plural serial stage be used in combination the specification requirement that separates, concentrates to realize.
Preferably, the mounting means of described little cyclone separator is vertical or the tilting installation.
Preferably, the entrance velocity of described little cyclone separator is that 3-10 meter per second, the pressure loss are that 0.05-0.3MPa, water inlet gauge pressure are 0.3-1.6MPa.
Preferably, the entrance velocity of described little cyclone separator is that 5-15 meter per second, the pressure loss are that 0.1-0.3MPa, water inlet gauge pressure are 0.3-1.6MPa.
Preferably, the material of described blender is the acid-alkali-corrosive-resisting material.
Preferably, the separation accuracy of described filter is 1-3 μ m, and the pressure loss is 0.1-0.3MPa, and mounting means is out that one is equipped with.
Method and apparatus of the present invention can also be applied to amine process, magnesium method, sodium method, ammonia process and seawer washing method etc. the Separation of Solid and Liquid process.
Below referring to accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram according to the little rotational flow separation flow process of the catalytic cracking flue gas washing desulphurization process of one embodiment of the present invention, and the chilling of this washing desulphurization (washing) liquid is different with absorption liquid, divides two sections processes of finishing the chilling washing and absorbing.
As shown in Figure 1, contain SO
2Useless flue gas enter by 1 bottom, washing/absorption tower, quench liquid (cleaning solution) is generally water, 1 chilling (washing) section pushes up from top to bottom that the multilayer spray contacts with flue gas from bottom to top is reverse from washing/absorption tower, the process of solid granule in this section finished flue gas cool-down and washing removal flue gas; Quench liquid (cleaning solution) is extracted out and is squeezed into little cyclone separator 3-1 by pump 2-1 in 1 chilling (washing) section bottom from washing/absorption tower, and the quench liquid (cleaning solution) behind little cyclone separator 3-1 isolation of purified directly returns chilling (washing) section reuse on washing/absorption tower 1; The quench liquid that contains solid particle after little cyclone separator 3-1 separation concentrates enters little cyclone separator 3-3 and further concentrates, the scavenging solution (cleaning solution) that little cyclone separator 3-3 comes out at the top returns chilling (washing) section on washing/absorption tower 1, after concentrating contain solid quench liquid through blender 4 with go settling tank 5 to neutralize after alkali lye mixes; Saline sewage after the neutralization is extracted decontaminated water treatment plant out by the sedimentation tank deck, and bottom settlings mud is regularly handled;
At the bottom of the absorber portion of useless flue gas behind chilling (washing) the section washing, purifying on washing/absorption tower 1, enter the absorption liquid of going into and carry out counter current contacting, finish the SO in the useless flue gas at this section with the absorber portion jacking by washing/absorption tower 1
2Absorption process, more fine solid particle is to absorber portion because flue gas also can be carried part secretly after the quench zone washing, and therefore solid micro-powder can enter absorption liquid in the washing absorption process; The absorption liquid that contains solid micro-powder is extracted out at the bottom of the absorber portion and is squeezed into little cyclone separator 3-2 by pump 2-2, after going follow up device to finish regeneration or other workshop section, the absorption liquid behind little cyclone separator 3-2 isolation of purified returns the reuse of absorber portion top, the absorption liquid that is rich in solia particle after underflow concentrates goes filter 6 to separate, scavenging solution removes follow up device, cleaning of solid mud or decontamination mud sump.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the little rotational flow separation flow process of the catalytic cracking flue gas washing desulphurization process of another embodiment according to the present invention.This flow process and flow process difference shown in Figure 1 are, only need part carry out the little rotational flow separation of solid-liquid to quench liquid (cleaning solution), and a part of chilled water (chw) directly recycles after extracting out from the washing section bottom.
As shown in Figure 2, contain SO
2Useless flue gas enter by 1 bottom, washing/absorption tower, quench liquid (cleaning solution) is generally water, 1 quench zone (washing section) pushes up from top to bottom the multilayer spray and contacts the process of solid granule in this section finished flue gas cool-down and washing removal flue gas with flue gas from bottom to top is reverse from washing/absorption tower; Quench liquid (cleaning solution) is directly returned the quench zone top from the extraction of quench zone bottom by a pump 2-1 part and is recycled, a part is squeezed into little cyclone separator 3-1, quench liquid (cleaning solution) behind little cyclone separator 3-1 isolation of purified directly returns the washing section reuse, the quench liquid that after cyclone separator 3-1 separate to concentrate, contains solid particle through blender 4 with go settling tank 5 to neutralize after alkali lye mixes; Saline sewage after the neutralization is extracted decontaminated water treatment plant out by the sedimentation tank deck, and bottom settlings mud is regularly handled;
At the bottom of the useless flue gas behind the quench zone washing, purifying is by absorber portion, enter the absorption liquid of going into and carry out counter current contacting, finish the SO in the useless flue gas at this section with the absorber portion jacking
2Absorption process, more fine solid particle is to absorber portion because flue gas also can be carried part secretly after the quench zone washing, and therefore solid micro-powder can enter absorption liquid in the washing absorption process; The absorption liquid that contains solid micro-powder is extracted out at the bottom of the absorber portion and is squeezed into little cyclone separator 3-2 by pump 2-2, after going follow up device to finish regeneration or other workshop section, the absorption liquid behind little cyclone separator 3-2 isolation of purified returns the reuse of absorber portion top, the absorption liquid that is rich in solia particle after underflow concentrates goes filter 6 to separate, scavenging solution removes follow up device, cleaning of solid mud or decontamination mud sump.
Because after solution partly carries out little rotational flow separation in the washing/absorption tower, part solid particle meeting discharger is arranged all the time, whole device circulation quench liquid (cleaning solution) solid content can remain on an equilibrium concentration, as long as satisfy the requirement that recycles.Can reduce the treating capacity of the little cyclone separator of quench liquid (cleaning solution) like this, reduce the energy consumption of separating.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the little rotational flow separation flow process of the catalytic cracking flue gas washing desulphurization process of another embodiment according to the present invention, and the chilling of this washing desulphurization (washing) liquid is identical with absorption liquid, the process of finishing the chilling washing and absorb in same tower.This flow process and Fig. 1, flow process shown in Figure 2 are similar, and different is to adopt same liquid because chilling absorbs, and therefore only needs carry out single treatment to the chilling absorption liquid, has canceled separately absorption liquid is carried out separating process.The adjustment of adopting this method just to do with regard to the flow process that contains solid solution segregation section at different catalysis flue gas washing desulphurization process, not special different with regard to separation process.
As shown in Figure 3, contain SO
2The waste gas flue gas enter by 1 bottom, washing/absorption tower, the chilling absorption liquid divides multilayer spray to contact with flue gas from bottom to top is reverse from cat head, finishes processes such as washing the heat exchange absorption from bottom to top; The chilling absorption liquid is extracted out at the bottom of 1 tower of washing/absorption tower, squeeze into little cyclone separator 3-1 by pump 2-1, quench liquid (cleaning solution) behind little cyclone separator 3-1 isolation of purified directly returns washing/absorption tower reuse, the quench liquid that contains solid particle after little cyclone separator 3-1 separation concentrates enters cyclone separator 3-3 and further concentrates, the scavenging solution that cyclone separator 3-3 comes out at the top returns washing/absorption tower, and the solid cleaning solution (mud) that contains after concentrating effluxes.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the little rotational flow separation flow process of the catalytic cracking flue gas washing desulphurization process of another embodiment according to the present invention, and the chilling of this washing desulphurization (washing) liquid is identical with absorption liquid, the process of finishing the chilling washing and absorb in same tower.This flow process is similar to flow process shown in Figure 3, only needs part that cleaning solution is carried out the little rotational flow separation of solid-liquid.Part cleaning solution directly recycles after tower bottom is extracted out.
As shown in Figure 4, contain SO
2The waste gas flue gas enter by 1 bottom, washing/absorption tower, the chilling absorption liquid divides multilayer spray to contact with flue gas from bottom to top is reverse from cat head, finishes processes such as washing the heat exchange absorption from bottom to top; The chilling absorption liquid is extracted out by pump 2-1 at the bottom of 1 tower of washing/absorption tower, part cleaning solution directly returns tower and recycles, part cleaning solution is squeezed into little cyclone separator 3-1, quench liquid (cleaning solution) behind little cyclone separator 3-1 isolation of purified returns the tower reuse, and the quench liquid that contains solid particle after cyclone separator 3-1 separation concentrates effluxes.
Because solution partly carries out after rotational flow separation effluxes in the washing section, there is the part solid particle can discharger all the time, whole device circulating cleaning solution solid content can remain on an equilibrium concentration, as long as satisfy the requirement that recycles.Can reduce the treating capacity of the slight cyclone separator of cleaning solution like this, reduce the energy consumption of separating.
In the present invention, in the quench liquid catalytic cracking flue gas washing desulphurization process identical with absorption liquid, because quench liquid is generally water, the cooling of employing spray washing, both can guarantee that the solid content of circulating cleaning solution remained on a rational equilibrium concentration so take that the part quench liquid is carried out the rotational flow separation separation, and can reduce separating energy consumption again and reduce floor space.Therefore, Fig. 2 is optimum flow process concerning this kind flue gas desulfurization technique.
The pressure loss of little cyclone separator is an important parameter of performance evaluation, is directly connected to the energy consumption of system.Little cyclone separator of quench liquid (cleaning solution) and the little cyclone separator of absorption liquid are optimized from inlet channel, overfall structure and underflow opening structure three aspects, to improve separative efficiency and to cut down the consumption of energy, it is the pressure loss, and at the physical parameter that quench liquid is different with absorption liquid the structural parameters of little rotational flow separation core pipe are adjusted, guaranteed than high separating efficiency.
In the present invention, in the quench liquid catalytic cracking flue gas washing desulphurization process different with absorption liquid, solid content is about 50-5000mg/L in the quench liquid (cleaning solution), and solid particle size is the 1-20 micron, and the wet water density of solid particle is 1200-2400kg/m
3Solid content is 10-500mg/L in the absorption liquid, and solid grain size is the 1-10 micron, and the wet water density of solid particle is 1200-2400kg/m
3The quench liquid (cleaning solution) (operating pressure is about 0.3-1.6MPa) that contains solid particle enters little cyclone separator with the speed of 3-10 meter per second, carry out liquid-solid separation in centrifugal force field, the pressure loss (pressure reduction between inlet and purification quench liquid (cleaning solution) outlet) of regulating the little cyclone separator of quench liquid (cleaning solution) is about 0.1-0.3MPa.Because the density relative density between quench liquid (cleaning solution) and the solid particle is bigger, therefore can obtain extraordinary separating effect.Wherein, the removal efficiency of solid particle can reach about more than 90%; The absorption liquid (operating pressure is about 0.3-1.6MPa) that contains solid particle enters little cyclone separator with the speed of 5-15 meter per second, in centrifugal force field, carry out liquid-solid separation, the pressure loss (enter the mouth and purify pressure reduction between the anxious absorption liquid outlet) of regulating the little cyclone separator of absorption liquid is about 0.1-0.3MPa, because solid grain size is littler and the system viscosity is relatively large than grain diameter in the quench liquid in the absorption liquid, so the clearance of solid particle is slightly littler than solid particle clearance in the quench liquid in the absorption liquid, is about more than 80%.
In the quench liquid catalytic cracking flue gas washing desulphurization process identical with absorption liquid, solid content is about 50-5000mg/L in the quench liquid (cleaning solution), and solid particle size is the 1-20 micron, and the wet water density of solid particle is 1200-2400kg/m
3The quench liquid (cleaning solution) (operating pressure is about 0.3-1.6MPa) that contains solid particle enters little cyclone separator with the speed of 3-10 meter per second, carry out liquid-solid separation in centrifugal force field, the pressure loss (pressure reduction between inlet and purification quench liquid (cleaning solution) outlet) of regulating the little cyclone separator of quench liquid (cleaning solution) is about 0.1-0.3MPa.Because the density relative density between quench liquid (cleaning solution) and the solid particle is bigger, therefore can obtain extraordinary separating effect.Wherein, the removal efficiency of solid particle can reach about more than 80%.
Method and apparatus of the present invention can also be used to make and contains other fine solid particle liquid defecate and purify or concentrated process.
The major advantage of method and apparatus of the present invention is:
The fine solid particle that one aspect of the present invention is carried secretly cold liquid (cleaning solution), absorption liquid in the catalytic cracking flue gas washing desulphurization process has carried out effectively removing, the separative efficiency height, quench liquid (cleaning solution), absorption liquid have been purified, improved the recycling rate of waterused that quench liquid recycles rate and absorption liquid, prolong the life cycle of device, and improved desulfuration efficiency; Adopt the separating thought of little rotational flow separation and isolated by filtration combination on the other hand, adopt substep to separate, reduced investment and maintenance cost and reduced energy consumption.
All quote in this application as a reference at all documents that the present invention mentions, just quoted as a reference separately as each piece document.Should be understood that in addition those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications the present invention after having read above-mentioned instruction content of the present invention, these equivalent form of values fall within the application's appended claims institute restricted portion equally.
Claims (10)
1. micro-cyclone de-solid method in the catalytic cracking flue gas washing desulphurization process, this method comprises:
All or part of quench liquid in the catalytic cracking flue gas washing desulphurization process is carried out little rotational flow separation, to remove the fine solid particle of wherein carrying secretly, quench liquid that is purified and the quench liquid that is rich in solia particle;
Quench liquid to described purification carries out recycling; The described quench liquid that is rich in solia particle is neutralized with alkali lye;
All or part of absorption liquid in the catalytic cracking flue gas washing desulphurization process is carried out little rotational flow separation, to remove the fine solid particle of wherein carrying secretly, absorption liquid that is purified and the absorption liquid that is rich in solia particle; And
Absorption liquid to described purification carries out recycling; The described absorption liquid that is rich in solia particle is carried out isolated by filtration.
2. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, the solid content in the described quench liquid is 50-5000mg/L, and solid particle size is the 1-20 micron, and the wet water density of trickle solid is 1200-2400kg/m
3
3. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, the solid content in the described absorption liquid is 10-500mg/L, and solid particle size is the 1-10 micron, and the wet water density of trickle solid is 1200-2400kg/m
3
4. method as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that, the described quench liquid of part is carried out little rotational flow separation, and the clearance of solid particle is not less than 90%; And/or whole described quench liquids are carried out little rotational flow separation, the clearance of solid particle is not less than 80%.
5. as claim 1 or 3 described methods, it is characterized in that whole described absorption liquids are carried out little rotational flow separation, and the clearance of solid particle is not less than 80%; And/or the repeat usage of the absorption liquid after described little rotational flow separation or isolated by filtration is not less than 99%.
6. micro-cyclone de fixing apparatus in the catalytic cracking flue gas washing desulphurization process, this device comprises:
Be used for the useless flue gas of catalytic cracking is washed washing/absorption tower (1) that cooling absorbs;
The little cyclone separator (3-1) that is connected with the washing section of described washing/absorption tower (1), be used for all or part of quench liquid of catalytic cracking flue gas washing desulphurization process is carried out little rotational flow separation, to remove the fine solid particle of wherein carrying secretly, quench liquid that is purified and the quench liquid that is rich in solia particle;
The blender (4) that is connected with described little cyclone separator (3-1) is used for the described quench liquid that is rich in solia particle is neutralized with alkali lye;
The little cyclone separator (3-2) that is connected with the absorber portion of described washing/absorption tower (1), be used for all or part of absorption liquid of catalytic cracking flue gas washing desulphurization process is carried out little rotational flow separation, to remove the fine solid particle of wherein carrying secretly, absorption liquid that is purified and the absorption liquid that is rich in solia particle; And
The filter (6) that is connected with described little cyclone separator (3-2) is used for the described absorption liquid that is rich in solia particle is carried out isolated by filtration.
7. device as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, described little cyclone separator is composed in parallel by one or more little eddy flow core pipes; And/or the material of described little cyclone separator is acid-alkali-corrosive-resisting and abrasion-resistant material.
8. device as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, described little cyclone separator uses in the mode of single-stage or plural serial stage combination; And/or the mounting means of described little cyclone separator is vertical or tilting is installed.
9. device as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, the entrance velocity of described little cyclone separator is that 3-10 meter per second, the pressure loss are that 0.05-0.3MPa, water inlet gauge pressure are 0.3-1.6MPa.
10. device as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, the material of described blender is the acid-alkali-corrosive-resisting material; And/or the separation accuracy of described filter is the 1-3 micron, and the pressure loss is 0.1-0.3MPa, and mounting means is out that one is equipped with.
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