CN1017306B - Laser diffusive-spot optometer - Google Patents
Laser diffusive-spot optometerInfo
- Publication number
- CN1017306B CN1017306B CN 87101395 CN87101395A CN1017306B CN 1017306 B CN1017306 B CN 1017306B CN 87101395 CN87101395 CN 87101395 CN 87101395 A CN87101395 A CN 87101395A CN 1017306 B CN1017306 B CN 1017306B
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- China
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- lens
- laser
- optometry
- present
- speckle
- Prior art date
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a laser speckle optometer which is composed of a laser light source, a beam-expanding light path, a rotary drum system, a reflection light path, a zooming system, a display system, a power supply, an illumination device and an object. The present invention can overcome various weaknesses of traditional optometry, mydriasis optometry and computer optometry, and can rapidly and accurately measure the degrees of myopia or hyperopia of human eyes; an error is less than plus or minus 15 DEG. The present invention has the advantages of low cost and convenient use; the present invention is not only widely used for the optometry of large hospitals, middle hospitals and small hospitals and spectacles stores, but also is used for the general eyesight investigation of units, such as industrial and mining enterprises, schools, etc., and has large value for popularization and use.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of novel medical laser instrument.
Traditional optometry method can divide subjective astigmatism and Mydriasis Test ﹠ Optometry two classes, the subjective optometry method is because the overlong time of the automatic adjusting of eyes and replacement eyeglass, make subject's eye overtired, therefore, vision of measuring and actual vision have bigger error, especially can not distinguish slight hypermetropia and pseudomyopia.Though and the Mydriasis Test ﹠ Optometry effect is good, need medicine that eye is anaesthetized, bring misery to the subject, and the study of can not reading a book in the week.What have behind the middle-aged and elderly people mydriasis side effect also occurs.Mydriasis Test ﹠ Optometry also has systematic error and the incidental error that the staff brings.Above-mentioned two kinds of methods, the former need test with a large amount of eyeglasses, and therefore traditional optometry method all bothers.
The computerized optometry method of Tui Chuing in recent years, though convenient rapidly, instrument costs an arm and a leg, and 4.8 ten thousand yuan of every prices be difficult for popularizing, and accuracy are not high yet, and error is in about 100 degree.For this reason, new laser optometry equipment Laser Measuring is looked instrument and is just arisen at the historic moment.Recently add medical college in the Soviet Union Latvia republic and a kind of laser visual acuity tester is developed at republic laser eye center, only needed to judge people's vision in 15 seconds.It is according to spark field principle work among the physics.When laser beam projected rough surface, the surface was with light scattering towards periphery, and incident illumination and reflection interaction are at the enhanced local speckle that produces of light wave.This speckle no matter myopia, hypermetropia or twenty-twenty vision all can be seen clearly.When the people is watching speckle attentively and gradually during moving-head, concerning bathomorphic people was arranged, speckle moved to the opposite direction that head moves, concerning the people that hypermetropia is arranged, the speckle then moving direction with head is identical.Research worker is just further considering with laser projections that to the rotary drum of slow rotation lay a similar telescopical instrument before rotary drum, the eyepiece on the instrument has scale at present.When speckle moved, the definition of adjusting instrument was slack up to speckle, and how many degree can measure myopia, hypermetropia and vision according to scale has.This method is rapid, practical, but suitable part still rests on the imagination stage, apart from a practical segment distance in addition.
The present invention is directed to the problem that prior art exists, designed a kind of novel quick optometry laser diffusive-spot optometer.
This device also is according to the spark field principle work among the physics.The laser beam that expands behind the bundle is mapped on the rough surface, diffuses and incident illumination forms in the space and interferes, and laser speckle occurs when rough surface moves with speed V, and speckle is definite by following formula with respect to observer's movement velocity V
S is the distance of rough surface to the eyes primary principal plane in the formula, and S ' is the distance of eyes secondary principal plane to speckle institute's imaging in eye, and R is the radius of curvature of spherical wave, and ε is that speckle resembles amphiblestroid distance.When (R=∞) after expanding the laser alignment of restrainting shone on the rough surface, (1) formula can be written as
Know by (1) formula, because of R(expands the bundle laser beam), S is negative value, when ε=0, V '=V is for facing; When ε＞0, V '＞V is a myopia; When ε＜0, V '＜V is a hypermetropia, when ametropic eyes are mixed suitable eyeglass, can make ε=0, becomes and faces.The present invention designs according to this principle.
Detailed description the objective of the invention is how to realize with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the whole index path of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a zoom system, pancreatic system front view of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a zoom system, pancreatic system vertical view of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a rotary drum drive system sketch map.
Fig. 6 is a circuit part layout of the present invention.
1 is laser tube among the figure, the 2nd, and laser beam, the 3rd, reflecting prism, the 4th, beam expanding lens, the 5th, reflecting mirror, the 6th, any screen, the 7th, beam expanding lens, the 8th, rotary drum, the 9th, laser speckle, the 10th, crosshair, 11,12,13,14, be reflecting mirror, the 15th, concavees lens, the 16th, convex lens, the 17th, concavees lens, the 18th, eyes, the 19th, handwheel, the 20th, guide rod, the 21st, resistance wire, the 22nd, rope bar, the 23, the 24th, pulley, the 25th, base, the 26th, pulley, the 27th, axle, the 28th, motor, 29,30,31 is pulley.
With reference to accompanying drawing, comprise LASER Light Source in the structure of the present invention, beam-expanding system and power supply, illuminator and goal object, technical characterictic of the present invention is also to comprise zoom system, pancreatic system, rotor system, display system and reflex system in its structure.Be that the present invention is made up of LASER Light Source, beam-expanding system, power supply, illuminator, goal object and zoom system, pancreatic system, rotor system, display system and reflex system.The laser that is penetrated by LASER Light Source shines on rotary drum after expanding bundle, forms to interfere speckle, by regulating zoom system can be shown human eye by the process of correct vision by display system the number of degrees.In zoom system, position by battery of lens basic point in the geometric optical theory, under the prerequisite that the principal point that guarantees whole zoom system remains unchanged with respect to subject's eyes, can derive three lens of optical routing 15,16,17 of this system forms, and two recessed one is protruding, the absolute value of second focal length of three lens equates that wherein 15,17 be concavees lens, 16 for convex lens and between the two (lens 16 and 17 spacing are that a focal length is grown).Need only first lens 15 in the mobile system in this system, focal power will change, and its focal power is determined by following formula:
Φ＝A+Bt （3）
A=Φ in the formula
1, B=Φ
2 1(Φ
1Focal power for first lens 15 of system, after three focal lengths of system are determined, A, B are constant, t is the distance between the primary principal plane of secondary principal plane to the second lens of zoom system first lens, and t is a variable, its excursion 0-2f ', f ' is each lens second focal length, by (3) formula as can be known, the displacement of the focal power Φ of system and first lens is linear, therefore displacement t direct representation on scale can be become focal power Φ.
In zoom system, pancreatic system, 15 of concavees lens are on two guide rods 20, and can slide along guide rod 20, convex lens 16 is separately fixed on the base 25 with concavees lens 17, rotating handwheel 19 is housed on base 25, handwheel is fixed together by one 27 and pulley 26, rotates handwheel 19 pulley 26 is rotated simultaneously.Pulley 23,24 is equipped with in lens 15 both sides on base 25, and pulley 24 is between convex lens 16 and concavees lens 17, and then decide according to the moving range of lens 15 position of pulley 23.Be wound with a rope bar 22 on pulley 26, this rope bar is walked around pulley 23,24 respectively and is fixed on the concavees lens 15, and rotation handwheel 19 can drive concavees lens 15 and move forward and backward.Be covered with a resistance wire 22 in concavees lens 15 lower ends, the potentiometer W that it and contact 27 form in the accompanying drawing 5
1, contact 27 is W
1Middle arrow locations, according to (3) formula, mobile concavees lens 15 can become the linear signal of telecommunication to the linear displacement signal of power variation correspondence and send into the display system demonstration.
Rotary drum 8 is a shaggy cylinder in the present invention, rotary drum 8 is driven by motor 18, by slowing down by the pulley 29,30,31 and the level Four of self of leather strap transmission, rotate with very slow speed, can see moving of speckle clearly and be unlikely to too fast and in great confusion because of moving so that human eye is surveyed apparent time.
The present invention is provided with reflex system, and it is made up of reflecting mirror 12,13,14, its position so that human eye be advisable by the laser speckle on its just visible rotary drum 8.
Fig. 6 is a layout of the present invention, and display system of the present invention is by analog-digital converter IC
3And digital display tube is formed.By being fixed in the slip of the slide head 27 under the concavees lens 15, being converted into electric weight by the linear corresponding displacement of zoom system, pancreatic system, input analog-digital converter IC
3Change, directly show by digital display circuit.
With reference to accompanying drawing 2, the whole survey process of looking of the present invention is to realize like this.The laser 2 that sends by laser tube 1 by total reflection prism 3 and extender lens 4,7 after, shine on the crosshair 10, laser beam is reflexed on the rotary drum 8 of slow rotation through reflecting mirror 11 again, produce space speckle 9 near it, arrive the zoom system, pancreatic system of forming by lens 15,16,17 by 12,14,13 3 plane mirror triple reflections, arrive at last in subject's the eye.This moment, speckle may move, and adjusting handle 19 changes to proofread and correct the vision of human eye the zoom system, pancreatic system focal power, and when the eye-observation speckle was no longer mobile, then human eye had been proofreaied and correct and has been twenty-twenty vision, and the change amount of focal power is converted into electric weight by displacement simultaneously, sends into IC
3Analog-digital converter directly shows the eyes number of degrees by LED.
One embodiment of the present invention once are described in detail in detail below.In zoom system, the focal length of lens 15,16,17 adopts 10cm, 16,17 spacing 10cm, lens 15 are adjustable apart from 16 distance, its range of accommodation is in 0～20cm, the adjusting of scioptics 15 can make test specification reach myopia-1000 to spend hypermetropia+1000 degree, adding adnexa focal distance f before eyes=-concavees lens of 13cm can measure near-sighted degree-1700 degree.Motor 28 adopts the little shape direct current generator of vibration damping in the rotor system, and smooth rate apparatus is arranged, and rotating speed is 2000 rev/mins, and after level Four was slowed down, the rotary drum rotating speed was 0.2 rev/min, so just can guarantee the visible reliable and stable laser speckle of human eye.Laser adopts the He-Ne laser instrument of 250mm, and below the power 3mw, light intensity is more suitable like this, and analog-digital converter IC adopts existing C C7107, and other element also adopts existing element in the circuit, all is easy to get.
The present invention has overcome the weakness of traditional inserted sheet subjective optometry and Mydriasis Test ﹠ Optometry and computerized optometry and has been difficult for the deficiency popularized, and a kind of new optometry test instrunment is provided, make optometry convenient, accurately, rapidly, investment saves.Can finish in 7 seconds with the simple eye measurement of this instrument is the fastest, the instrument display precision is 1 degree, certainty of measurement＜+15 degree.The present invention not only makes Soviet Union technical staff laser optometry imagination be put to practicability and propose new creative scheme, has important science and practical value.This laser diffusive-spot optometer can be widely used in large, medium and small all kinds of hospital, glasses shop optometry is joined mirror, can also be used for the vision generaI investigation of groups such as industrial and mining establishment, school, has very big popularizing value.
Claims (1)
1, a kind of laser speckle tester, comprise LASER Light Source, beam-expanding system, rotor system and power supply illuminator and goal object, it is characterized in that the present invention is by each system of preamble and zoom system, pancreatic system, display system and reflex system are formed, wherein zoom system, pancreatic system comprises three coaxial lens 15,16,17, the absolute value of second focal length of three lens equates, lens 15,17 is concavees lens, lens 16 are for convex lens and be positioned at lens 15, between 17, lens 16 are that a focal length is long with lens 17 spacings, 15 on lens are on two guide rods 20, and can slide along guide rod 20 front and back along with the rope bar 22 that drives by handwheel 19, the slide head 27 that drives the potentiometer that is connected in its underpart simultaneously slides; Display system is by analog-digital converter IG
3, charactron, current potential pipe W
1And by D
5～D
8, D
9～D
12, IC
1, IC
2, C
6～C
9The rectifier power source that constitutes is formed, IC
3Input directly connect potentiometer W
1Slide head 27, reflex system is made up of reflecting mirror 12,13,14, its position is so that human eye can see that by zoom system, pancreatic system and reflex system rotary drum is advisable, laser beam 2 enters the beam-expanding system of being made up of lens 4,7 and expands bundle behind prismatic reflection, illuminate rotary drum 8 after expanding 11 reflections of Shu Guangjing reflecting mirror, form to interfere speckle, interfere speckle after the reflecting mirror 12,14,13 of reflex system reflects successively, to enter zoom system, pancreatic system, directly by eye-observation to.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 87101395 CN1017306B (en) | 1987-10-10 | 1987-10-10 | Laser diffusive-spot optometer |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 87101395 CN1017306B (en) | 1987-10-10 | 1987-10-10 | Laser diffusive-spot optometer |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1032487A CN1032487A (en) | 1989-04-26 |
| CN1017306B true CN1017306B (en) | 1992-07-08 |
Family
ID=4813387
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 87101395 Expired CN1017306B (en) | 1987-10-10 | 1987-10-10 | Laser diffusive-spot optometer |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1017306B (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102138775B (en) * | 2011-03-23 | 2013-02-27 | 温州医学院 | Dispersion speckle refractometer and method for testing myopic, hyperopic and astigmatic degrees |
| CN108703739B (en) * | 2018-06-12 | 2021-02-09 | 钟青松 | Ophthalmic laser speckle optometry machine |
-
1987
- 1987-10-10 CN CN 87101395 patent/CN1017306B/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1032487A (en) | 1989-04-26 |
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