CN101729256B - Security certificate method based on fingerprint, cryptographic technology and fragile digital watermark - Google Patents
Security certificate method based on fingerprint, cryptographic technology and fragile digital watermark Download PDFInfo
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- CN101729256B CN101729256B CN2008102167827A CN200810216782A CN101729256B CN 101729256 B CN101729256 B CN 101729256B CN 2008102167827 A CN2008102167827 A CN 2008102167827A CN 200810216782 A CN200810216782 A CN 200810216782A CN 101729256 B CN101729256 B CN 101729256B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a security certificate method based on fingerprint, cryptographic technology and fragile digital watermark, comprising the following steps: a sender collects a fingerprint image, calculates summary information of the fingerprint image and inserts the summary information, a secret key and digital information which is digitally signed and encrypted into the fingerprint image as a watermark; the fingerprint of the sender is collected, the fingerprint image inserted with the watermark is sent to a receiver after the fingerprint of the sender is qualified; after receiving information, the receiver firstly detects and verifies whether the fingerprint image is inserted with the digital watermark and whether the digital watermark is right or not so as to indentify identity authenticity; digital watermark information is extracted from the received image; the summary information of the fingerprint image from which the watermark is extracted is calculated; and the summary information is compared with the summary information of the fingerprint image recorded in the watermark information to approve information authenticity. The invention can effectively overcome the defects that the existing digital signature security certificate can not approve the legal KEY holder and the fingerprint in the fingerprint certificate is easy to clone and embezzle.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to computer technology, information security technology, Information Hiding Techniques, specifically is a kind ofly to distinguish the safety certifying method of identity and information truth and non repudiation based on what fingerprint, cryptographic technique, fragile digital watermark combined to solve network condition.
Background technology
Usually people mainly are the safety that guarantees its identity and information and communication through cryptographic technique with the mode of encryption at the computer information safe system aspects to the encryption of identity and information; But guarantee the safety in identity and information and the transmission in cybertimes, the fail safe of the technical guarantee that only accesses to your password system is normally not enough.No matter the encrypting and deciphering system that contemporary cryptology develops is symmetric-key systems (like DES); Or the higher open key system (RSA) of fail safe; Handle the ciphertext that is generated through AES and have randomness, not readable; Clearly pointed out the existence of security information on the contrary, thereby be easy to cause supervisor's attention, and carried out on this basis to the decoding of ciphertext or to sender and recipient's attack.Another the potential deficiency that adopts encryption technology is along with the developing rapidly of computer hardware, and what have computing capability cracks the increasingly mature of technology, only reaches through increasing key length that to strengthen fail safe no longer be unique feasible method.The possibility that password is cracked is increasing; Its content of back is just fully transparent in case enciphered data is cracked; Even illicit interception person can't decode after intercepting and capturing ciphertext; But redispatch after can it being destroyed, make the message that receives to be translated into expressly the deficiency that this also is to use password to exist in fail safe.
2008 the 4th phases " computer and information technology " disclose one piece and have been named as the paper of " based on the eCheck means of payment security study of digital watermarking and digital signature ", author Li You.This article has been discussed the implementation procedure of existing eCheck system in detail, has analyzed the digital signature correlated process that wherein relates to, and then has pointed out: be to require below the payment system that ensures satisfies basically with the digital signature: the 1. non repudiation of transmission; 2. the non-repudiation that receives; 3. receive information content integrality.But because digital signature itself need be attached to sending on the eCheck, so it has by the danger of disabled user's deletion; Simultaneously,, the intercepting by the hacker is arranged then, thereby the danger of revealing business secret is arranged if eCheck sends with clear-text way.For the latter; General solution is to send after adopting conventional encryption technique to encrypt; But along with the development of computer hardware technique, the possibility that password is decrypted is increasing, even illicit interception person can't decode after intercepting and capturing ciphertext; But redispatch after can it being destroyed, make the message that receives to be translated into expressly.This paper proposes a kind of eCheck payment system that has combined digital watermarking and digital signature at last, its cardinal principle be with through the check information after digital signature and the encryption and digital envelope together as watermark, be embedded in the carrier picture with the embedding algorithm as password with the other side's PKI; Transmit then; Thereby realize secret, safe, invisible and full communication, at the watermark extracting end, after receiving the watermark picture; Key with oneself extracts watermark through the watermark extracting algorithm; After confirming the watermark integrality, extract eCheck again, handle.This system has added digital watermark on the basis of original payment system based on digital signature, the characteristic that hides Info of the integrity protection of half breakable watermark and watermark makes the payment process of eCheck have higher fail safe.But still there is certain defective in this system aspect safety certification; Show: it is a kind of safety certification based on PKI (Public Key Infrastructure); CA (Certification Authority) can only confirm the legitimacy of KEY, and can't confirm the legal holder of KEY.
All there are certain defective in the cryptographic technique and the fingerprint identification technology of extensive use at present aspect safety certification, like the safety certification based on PKI, CA can only confirm the legitimacy of KEY, and can't confirm the legal holder of KEY; Because the physiological property of fingerprint is constant throughout one's life, can distinguish definite its identity through biological characteristic, but there is the risk of illegally being usurped by the clone simultaneously in fingerprint.
Application number is 02111629.6, denomination of invention is a kind of for the Chinese invention patent based on the lossless image digital watermark method of integer wavelet, the artificial Xuan Guorong of application discloses embeds data with computer software in digital picture; And can can't harm the processing method of recovery; It has specified embed digital watermark and the method for extracting digital watermarking; Wherein, The method of embed digital watermark comprises: grey level histogram adjustment for the first time, small echo direct transform, data embedding, inverse wavelet transform, grey level histogram adjustment for the second time, formation adds watermark image.The method of extracting digital watermarking comprises: grey level histogram adjustment for the third time, small echo direct transform, data extract, inverse wavelet transform, the 4th grey level histogram adjustment, recover initial image.This method can make digital watermarking and all ability 100% recoveries of original picture of information such as comprising the literal relevant with image, image, voice.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of safety certifying method that combines based on fingerprint, cryptographic technique, fragile digital watermark; When realizing safety certification to solve existing employing digital watermarking and digital signature; Can only confirm the legitimacy of KEY; And can't confirm the legal holder of KEY, and the technical problem that existing computer fingerprint authentication exists fingerprint illegally to be usurped by the clone easily reaches the target to the true and unique non repudiation authentication of identity.
The present invention is based on integer wavelet algorithm damage-free digital watermarking; Utilize fingerprint image as carrier,, secret information or out of Memory are embedded in the fingerprint image simultaneously also with digital identity and biological identity binding; Through fingerprint image being embedded the extraction and the checking of secret information or out of Memory; Effectively differentiate the authenticity of fingerprint, thereby reach affirmation that effectively having solved can be by clone's defective through the computer system fingerprint to the identity authenticity; Effectively prevent the risk that fingerprint is stolen, thereby reach the true and unique non repudiation authentication goals of identity.
Technical scheme of the present invention is following: a kind of safety certifying method that combines based on fingerprint, cryptographic technique, fragile digital watermark may further comprise the steps:
Transmit leg is gathered fingerprint image, and said fingerprint image is calculated summary info, and said summary info is embedded in the said fingerprint image as watermark with key and through the digital information after digital signature and the encryption;
Through the fingerprint USBKEY of transmitting terminal, to gather sender's fingerprint and carry out finger print identifying, the fingerprint image with embed watermark after authentication is legal sends to the recipient;
The recipient is after receiving information; At first to the authenticity verification of identity; Comprise: detection validation fingerprint image embed digital watermark whether at first, if detect digital watermarking, verify again whether digital watermarking is correct; The authenticity of sender's identity is identified if digital watermarking is correct, is not identified if detect the authenticity identification of then sender's incorrect less than digital watermarking or watermark identity; Behind the authenticity verification of identity, carry out the authenticity verification of information, comprising: from the image that receives, extract digital watermark information; Fingerprint image after using the algorithm identical with transmit leg to the extraction watermark recomputates summary info; And with watermark information in the fingerprint image summary info put down in writing relatively, if identical, then qualified information is genuine and believable; Otherwise its information is not genuine and believable information, is the information of distorting.
Wherein, adopt the summary info of SHA256 algorithm computation fingerprint image.But transmit leg and the identical algorithm of the essential employing of recipient; Such as: the summary info that adopts SHA256 algorithm computation fingerprint image before the transmit leg embed watermark; The recipient also must adopt the SHA256 algorithm during summary info of the fingerprint image after calculating recovers after extracting watermark so.
Said fingerprint USBKEY comprises safety chip, and external fingerprint sensor of safety chip and USB interface are integrated with watermark and embed program, watermark extracting program, fingerprint comparison program and basic cryptographic algorithm in the safety chip.Wherein, can adopt the lossless image digital watermark based on integer wavelet to embed or extract damage-free digital watermarking to carrier image, said damage-free digital watermarking is meant that the information of embedding is harmless when extracting, and carrier image is also harmless after information extraction.
The present invention organically combines digital watermark technology, digital signature and fingerprint recognition, and it does carrier with fingerprint image, with the summary info of fingerprint image and through encrypt and digital signature after digital information embed in the said fingerprint image as watermark together; Then fingerprint image is transferred to the recipient, has realized the hidden transmission of information, in message transmitting procedure; If third party's monitoring or intercepting; Being seen just fingerprint picture if this image is carried out any processing, all will cause digital watermarking to damage; Therefore increased the sensitiveness of transmission information to attacking or distorting, this is that cryptographic technique can't be accomplished.
Owing to adopted finger print identifying, information transmitter at first will have digital certificate, and through biological identification (being fingerprint recognition), just can send information.And since with the summary info of fingerprint image also as watermark; So the summary info that the recipient can be through calculate recovering the back fingerprint image and with watermark in the summary info put down in writing compare; Differentiate the authenticity of fingerprint; Realization can't be carried out authentication to legal holder's authentication of KEY to the legal holder of KEY thereby can overcome effectively in the existing digital signature safety certification, and fingerprint is prone to cloned the technological deficiency of usurping in the existing finger print identifying.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the theory diagram of fingerprint USBKEY among the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a basic application architecture of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a security model block diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is message transmitting procedure sketch map among the present invention.
Embodiment
The present invention is based on integer wavelet algorithm damage-free digital watermarking; Utilize fingerprint image as carrier,, secret information or out of Memory are embedded in the fingerprint image simultaneously also with digital identity and biological identity binding; Through fingerprint image being embedded the extraction and the checking of secret information or out of Memory; Effectively differentiate the authenticity of fingerprint, thereby reach affirmation that effectively having solved can be by clone's defective through the computer system fingerprint to the identity authenticity; Effectively prevent the risk that fingerprint is stolen, thereby reach the true and unique non repudiation authentication goals of identity.
With reference to Fig. 1; Fingerprint USBKEY among the present invention adopts homemade encryption chip; Watermark embedding, watermark extracting, fingerprint comparison, basic cryptographic algorithm etc. are integrated in the same chip, and the outside connects fingerprint sensor, is used to gather fingerprint image; All calculating process is all accomplished in chip, has high fail safe.The method that the present invention proposes can make up all kinds of application systems that need safety certification, and the basic structure of using is as shown in Figure 2, and security model of the present invention is as shown in Figure 3, and message transmitting procedure is as shown in Figure 4.Below explanation respectively.
Authentication method of the present invention is based on the basic cryptographic service of PKI system, through digital watermark technology biological identity and digital identity is bound, and realizes the authenticity verification of networking.
Information transmitter at first will have the legal identity (digital certificate) in the system, and through biological identity (fingerprint) identification, just can send information.This process realizes in fingerprint USBKEY.The information that the sender will send is embedded into these information in the fingerprint image through digital watermark technology after handling (like encryption, signature etc.), then fingerprint image is sent to the other side through network.
In message transmitting procedure, if third party's monitoring or intercepting, being seen just fingerprint picture; If this image is carried out any processing; All will cause digital watermarking to damage, and therefore increase the sensitiveness of transmission information to attacking or distorting, this is that cryptographic technique can't be accomplished.
The information receiver at first detects the integrality of watermark after receiving information, if the watermark destroyed maybe can't be discerned, explain that then this information is insincere, is attacked or distorts.If watermark detection is legal, then extract the information in the image, handle (as deciphering, test label) accordingly.
Application flow of the present invention:
One, identity authenticity verification flow process
The collection image (256 grades of gray scales) that takes the fingerprint; Image is calculated summary info with SHA256; With related abstract information; Key, signature digital information are embedded in the fingerprint image of being gathered, and then fingerprint is carried out authentication, have only the legal identity through authentication just can the unique non repudiation fingerprint image of the information of embedding be sent to the recipient.
The recipient is after receiving information; At first to the authenticity verification of identity; The flow process of authentication is: detection validation fingerprint image embed digital watermark whether at first, if detect digital watermarking, verify again whether digital watermarking is correct; Only under the two simultaneously correct situation, just confirm true unique non repudiation of its authentication people identity, otherwise the authenticity identification of its identity just can not get confirming.
Two, the authenticity verification flow process of information
The recipient is after receiving information; Whether embed digital watermark related abstract information, key, signature digital information are at first arranged in the detected image information; If have digital watermark information then it is extracted, the fingerprint image after recovering (is just extracted the image after the watermark with SHA256.Owing to adopted based on integer wavelet algorithm damage-free digital watermarking technology; So all ability 100% recoveries of digital watermarking and original fingerprint image) recomputate summary info; And with image in the value (being the value of the summary info of the original fingerprint image that extracts of transmit leg) of the SHA256 that extracts compare authentication; If identical, then qualified information is genuine and believable, otherwise its information is not genuine and believable information; Be the information of distorting, thereby reach judgement and identification true unique non repudiation of information.
Among the present invention, the safety certification of the authenticity of identity and information can realize remote authentication through network, also can local authentication, comprise the authentication of biological identity, the authentication of digital identity and the unique corresponding relation of the two.
Claims (2)
1. safety certifying method that combines based on fingerprint, cryptographic technique, fragile digital watermark; It is characterized in that: the fingerprint image with the sender is a carrier; The summary info of fingerprint image and the digital information through digital signature are embedded in this fingerprint image; Realize the binding of digital identity and biological identity, guarantee that the recipient can assert that this authentication method specifically may further comprise the steps to authenticity and unique non repudiation of identity of the sender:
Gather sender's fingerprint image, said fingerprint image is calculated summary info, said summary info is embedded in the said fingerprint image as watermark with key and through the digital information after digital signature and the encryption;
Through the fingerprint USBKEY of transmitting terminal, to gather sender's fingerprint and carry out finger print identifying, the fingerprint image with embed watermark after authentication is legal sends to the recipient;
The recipient is after receiving information; At first to the authenticity verification of identity; Comprise: detection validation fingerprint image embed digital watermark whether at first, if detect digital watermarking, verify again whether digital watermarking is correct; The authenticity of sender's identity is identified if digital watermarking is correct, is not identified if detect the authenticity identification of then sender's incorrect less than digital watermarking or watermark identity; Behind the authenticity verification of identity, carry out the authenticity verification of information, comprising: from the image that receives, extract digital watermark information; Fingerprint image after using the algorithm identical with transmit leg to the extraction watermark recomputates summary info; And with watermark information in the fingerprint image summary info put down in writing relatively, if identical, then qualified information is genuine and believable; Otherwise its information is not genuine and believable information, is the information of distorting;
Said fingerprint USBKEY comprises safety chip, and external fingerprint sensor of safety chip and USB interface are integrated with watermark and embed program, watermark extracting program, fingerprint comparison program and basic cryptographic algorithm in the safety chip;
Wherein, adopt the lossless image digital watermark based on integer wavelet to embed or extract damage-free digital watermarking to carrier image, said damage-free digital watermarking is meant that the information of embedding is harmless when extracting, and carrier image is also harmless after information extraction.
2. safety certifying method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the summary info that adopts SHA256 algorithm computation fingerprint image.
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| CN2008102167827A CN101729256B (en) | 2008-10-24 | 2008-10-24 | Security certificate method based on fingerprint, cryptographic technology and fragile digital watermark |
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| CN2008102167827A CN101729256B (en) | 2008-10-24 | 2008-10-24 | Security certificate method based on fingerprint, cryptographic technology and fragile digital watermark |
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| CN101729256B true CN101729256B (en) | 2012-08-08 |
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