Zero current does not have arc switching type voltage-regulating stable-pressure device and voltage compensating method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of alternating current voltage-regulation voltage-stabilization method and AC voltage-regulating device, more particularly, relating to a kind of zero current does not have arc switching type voltage-regulating stable-pressure device and voltage compensating method thereof.
Background technology
AC stabilizer is widely used in industrial automation, the occasion of the ac power supply that various needs such as complete set of equipments, road energy-saving illumination, Digit Control Machine Tool, light textile, medical treatment, hotel, radio and television, communication apparatus are stable.
AC voltage regulator commonly used is to utilize the voltage of the compensation winding generation that is connected on the major loop and input voltage stack to obtain regulated output voltage with compensation more.The switching of the many different winding coils by elementary winding on the compensator transformer of this type of voltage-regulation voltage-stabilization circuit, utilize the no-load voltage ratio relation of primary side work winding and secondary winding, perhaps by adjusting alive mode on the elementary winding, two-way many grades voltage compensation is provided, thereby realizes the purpose of voltage-regulation voltage-stabilization.But, in carrying out gear switching process,, be easy to generate arcing between the contact of diverter switch if line design is inconsiderate, light then shorten the useful life, weight of switch easily what for to causing line short.
Chinese patent 200410013162.5 discloses the compensation single-phase voltage regulating stable-pressure device of a kind of no arc, it is before the contact of the relay (J1 and J3) that commutation between the relay (J2 and J4) that switches between each tap of coil of being responsible for the elementary winding of compensator transformer and responsible phase line and zero line is switched produces change action, relay (J5) contact of control power supply input phase line cuts off the power supply of control circuit earlier after the some time, the relay (J1 and J3) that relay (J2 and J4) that switches between each tap of coil of the responsible elementary winding of compensator transformer and responsible phase line and zero line switch just moves, and after treating that each relay (J1-J4) is finished switching, the relay (J5) of control power supply input phase line is the energized line again.This scheme makes two terminal contacts of relay J 1-J4 to switch under the situation of no-voltage difference, and promptly zero-pressure is switched, thereby realizes not having the purpose of pressing no arc to switch voltage-regulation voltage-stabilization.
, we also find in practice: even if do not have voltage difference between relay two terminal contacts, if but also have electric current in the circuit because of various reasons, still arcing phenomena may take place between relay contact then.With common compensation type ac voltage stabilizer is example, switch moment at switch, the compensator transformer secondary winding often makes and still has electric current in the secondary loop because of having load, and this electric current can induce corresponding magnetic field balanced balanced current by iron core when elementary winding is in zero span short circuit state.This magnetic field balanced balanced current also can cause the arcing between relay contact when switch switches.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention promptly is to provide a kind of zero current of existing all electric pressures of electrical network that is applicable to not have arc switching type voltage-regulating stable-pressure device, with and voltage compensating method.Compared with prior art, the present invention can make line switching carry out the voltage-regulation voltage-stabilization switching under zero current, more can effectively avoid the generation of arcing phenomena.
Zero current of the present invention does not have arc switching type voltage-regulating stable-pressure device, includes compensator transformer and control circuit; The secondary winding of described compensator transformer is serially connected with between power supply and the load, and two end taps of its elementary winding all respectively are connected to the zero line and the phase line thereof of power supply by some diverter switches; It is characterized in that: wherein at least one end tap of described elementary winding, and it is connected between each diverter switch of zero-power line or phase line, also comprises being connected with first electronic switch; This first electronic switch is the power electronic switching device, for example can adopt one-way SCR, IGBT, MOS device of a solid-state relay or a bidirectional triode thyristor or two reverse parallel connections etc.Such scheme preferably only between one of them end tap and its each diverter switch that is connected to zero-power line or phase line of elementary winding, is provided with first electronic switch.
The voltage compensating method of said apparatus comprises the steps:
1) device input, outlet side voltage are detected, samples;
2) output voltage values and the desired value that obtain of sampling compares;
3) by described diverter switch the elementary winding of described compensator transformer is connected to homophase or out-of-phase voltage or line voltage, obtains direction and sizeable bucking voltage at described secondary winding two ends;
Its special feature is: when needing bucking voltage, before above-mentioned diverter switch is carried out the gear shift switching, this first electronic switch is disconnected; After above-mentioned diverter switch is finished the gear shift switching, make this first electronic switch return to closure state again.
The purpose of doing like this is: earlier with the current path disconnection of first electronic switch with elementary winding side, again the diverter switch of being responsible for finishing the voltage compensation task is accordingly carried out switching; After the switching of to be switched switch was finished, closed again first electronic switch made the current path of elementary winding side return to closure state.By this, the technical program has overcome under the no-voltage condition zero span when switching, and when secondary winding (bringing onto load) has under the situation of electric current, elementary winding causes the shortcoming that arcing switches under the non-zero current state because of producing corresponding magnetic field balanced balanced current.
As the further optimization of above-mentioned zero current not being had arc switching type voltage-regulating stable-pressure device, described compensator transformer also includes independently auxiliary winding; Should assist between two end taps of winding, be connected in series with the resistance and second electronic switch.The same with first electronic switch, this second electronic switch can be the one-way SCR of a solid-state relay or a bidirectional triode thyristor or two reverse parallel connections or other power electronic switching device.Certainly, between two end taps of elementary winding, be connected in series with resistance and second electronic switch also is fine, just design and withstand voltagely want high.
The voltage compensating method of this corresponding optimization means increases following steps: during bucking voltage, and before above-mentioned first electronic switch disconnects, earlier closed this second electronic switch; After described first electronic switch closes, disconnect this second electronic switch again.
At this, the effect of this auxiliary winding magnetizing field balance and electric current afterflow is to avoid in the handoff procedure elementary winding to disconnect back, secondary winding then enter the reactor operating state and and then cause load side voltage to reduce greatly.And if there is not this auxiliary winding and loop thereof, because secondary winding is after entering the reactor operating state, its two ends produce bigger voltage drop, will induce high voltage at elementary winding two ends by iron core; This very high voltage causes burning out controllable silicon most probably owing to withstand voltage far above silicon controlled design in the circuit.
Owing to should auxiliary winding be short time duty (generally being about about 0.1ms),, thereby can't obviously increase the cost of whole device so its number of turn and line footpath can be little more a lot of than other two winding.
For increasing voltage-regulation voltage-stabilization scope and precision, do not have at above-mentioned zero current on the elementary winding of arc switching type voltage-regulating stable-pressure device compensator transformer, also can include the tap of one or more middle parts; Described each middle part tap also is connected to zero-power line by diverter switch, and/or, the power supply phase line.
Obviously, zero current of the present invention does not have the voltage-regulation voltage-stabilization power supply of arc switching type voltage-regulating stable-pressure device, can be single-phase or three-phase alternating current.
According to technique scheme and analyze as can be known, zero current of the present invention does not have arc switching type voltage-regulating stable-pressure device and has following characteristics and advantage:
1) can realize fully that voltage regulation of voltage regulation does not have arcing and switches, voltage-regulation voltage-stabilization is safer, efficient; And, applied widely, can need all types of loads of voltage stabilizing to use for any single-phase three-phase, be applicable to existing all electric pressures of electrical network.
2) because this device in the voltage-regulation voltage-stabilization handoff procedure, only is the loop, elementary winding place that disconnects this phase, and other two-phase must not moved, so, when the phase-splitting voltage-regulation voltage-stabilization switches, can avoid voltage-regulation voltage-stabilization to switch other two-phase is produced interference.
3) structure is simpler, is convenient to reduce complete machine manufacturing cost and operation and maintenance cost.
Compare with prior art Chinese patent 200410013162.5, owing to be responsible for cutting off first electronic switch in loop, elementary winding place, in this programme by between diverter switch and power supply, moved on between primary tap and each diverter switch, so can reduce the use amount of first electronic switch in device.For example, compare (zero line also will be controlled) with 5 controllable silicons of employing in first to file, this programme can only need to use 3 first electronic switches when carrying out the voltage-regulation voltage-stabilization of three-phase alternating current; And when the single-phase voltage regulating voltage stabilizing, this programme only need use 1 first electronic switch.
By the same token, when three-phase alternating current was carried out voltage-regulation voltage-stabilization, if adopt the technical scheme of patent 200410013162.5 formerly, when elementary winding was applied line voltage, the electric current that passes through on the controllable silicon was that line current (equals
Times phase current), but if use this programme, be connected in series with elementary winding owing to move directly behind the first electronic switch position, so the electric current that passes through on it still is a phase current, thereby to the obvious reduction in the overcurrent of first electronic switch, the also comparable patent formerly of parameter request such as withstand voltage.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the circuit theory schematic diagram that zero current of the present invention does not have an embodiment of arc switching type voltage-regulating stable-pressure device.
Fig. 2 is that the zero current that zero current of the present invention does not have an arc switching type voltage-regulating stable-pressure device does not have arc switching sequence schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is the circuit theory schematic diagram that zero current of the present invention does not have another embodiment of arc switching type voltage-regulating stable-pressure device.
Description of reference numerals:
U
Go into-this device input terminal voltage (connecing power supply) U
Go out-this device output end voltage (connecing load)
Δ U-bucking voltage T-compensator transformer
Q
JustThe elementary winding Q of-compensator transformer T
InferiorThe secondary winding of-compensator transformer T
Q
AuxilliaryThe auxiliary winding K1-K6-diverter switch of-compensator transformer T
The KP-first electronic switch KPR-second electronic switch R-resistance
Embodiment
Zero current of the present invention there is not arc switching type voltage-regulating stable-pressure device and voltage compensating method is described further below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the circuit theory schematic diagram that zero current of the present invention does not have an embodiment of arc switching type voltage-regulating stable-pressure device.Zero current of the present invention does not as shown in the figure have arc switching type voltage-regulating stable-pressure device, includes compensator transformer T and control circuit; The secondary winding Q of compensator transformer
InferiorBe serially connected with power supply U
Go intoWith load U
Go outBetween, its elementary winding Q
JustTwo end tap A1 and the A2 zero line and the phase line thereof that all respectively are connected to power supply by diverter switch K1-K6; End tap A1 is connected to the switching winding Q of zero-power line or phase line with it
AuxilliaryShould auxiliary winding Q
AuxilliaryTwo end taps between, be connected in series with the resistance R and the second electronic switch KPR.Electronic switch KP and KPR all can select to adopt one-way SCR, IGBT, MOS device or other the power electronic switching device of solid-state relay or bidirectional triode thyristor or two reverse parallel connections.Diverter switch K1-K6 can select to adopt conventional mechanical switch, also can select to adopt various electronic switches.
The voltage-regulation voltage-stabilization control method of this device comprises the steps:
1) device input, outlet side voltage are detected, samples;
2) output voltage values and the desired value that obtain of sampling compares;
3) be benchmark with device input side voltage, calculate the bucking voltage amount, make the concrete position of the switch that desire is carried out task switching;
4) earlier closed this second electronics KPR switch disconnects the first electronic switch KP to certain hour (as 20ms) back;
5) behind the certain hour (as 20ms), switching is carried out the concrete diverter switch of compensation task accordingly;
6) after diverter switch is finished switching, the closed first electronic switch KP;
7) behind the certain hour (as 20ms), disconnect this second electronic switch.
This device selects to be connected to homophase or out-phase power supply by diverter switch with the elementary winding of described compensator transformer, obtains direction and sizeable bucking voltage at described secondary winding two ends.
The switching sequence schematic diagram of each switch can be referring to Fig. 2 in the said process.Among the figure, high level represents that switch is in the conducting closure state, and low level represents that switch is in off-state; The diverter switch that desire disconnected when Kn referred to voltage-regulation voltage-stabilization is desired closed diverter switch when Km refers to voltage-regulation voltage-stabilization; N1-n5 shows interval switching time of each switch.
Below utilize Fig. 1, and in conjunction with the parameter that exemplifies, the use of zero current of the present invention not being had arc switching type voltage-regulating stable-pressure device is described further:
As shown in the figure, elementary winding Q
JustTwo end tap A1 and A2 receive the change of power supply and isopen not by diverter switch K1 to K6 respectively.By the break-make of control its switch K1 to K6, can be to elementary winding Q
JustApply homophase phase voltage or out-phase phase voltage or line voltage, and 7 grades of compensation are carried out forward or backwards, added up in secondary output.That is: (suppose that it is electric mutually that secondary winding is received power supply A, input is designated as U
A goes into, output is designated as U
A goes out)
1)+3 grade: K1 and K5 closure, line voltage U
ABForward is applied to elementary winding Q
JustOn.
Because line voltage U
ABWith A phase voltage U mutually
ANPhase place have 30 degree angles, and its spoke value is U
AN Doubly, so this moment: (establish this moment elementary winding and the no-load voltage ratio of secondary winding be i; Because the relative U of Δ U
A goes intoSmaller, can be with following formula approximate calculation)
U
A goes out≈ U
A goes into+ U
ABXCOS30 °/i=U
A goes into+ 1.5XU
A goes into/ i=U
A goes into(1+1.5/i).
2)+2 grade: K1 and K4 closure, to elementary winding Q
JustOn apply forward homophase phase voltage U
AN. so this moment:
Δ U=U
A goes into/ i,
U
A goes out=U
A goes into+ Δ U=U
A goes into+ U
A goes into/ i=U
A goes into(1+1/i).
3)+1 grade: K3 and K5 closure, out-phase phase voltage U
BNOppositely be applied to elementary winding Q
JustOn.
Because phase voltage U
BNWith A phase voltage U mutually
ANPhase place have 120 degree angles, reverse phase voltage U
BNWith A phase voltage U mutually
ANPhase place have 60 degree angles, therefore this moment:
U
A goes out≈ U
A goes into+ U
BNXCOS60 °/i=U
A goes into+ 0.5XU
BN/ i
4) 0 grade: K3 and K4 closure, elementary winding Q
JustBoth end voltage is 0, at this moment, and Δ U=0, U
A goes out=U
A goes into
5)-1 grade: K2 and K4 closure, out-phase phase voltage U
BNForward is applied to elementary winding Q
JustOn.
Because the phase voltage U of forward
BNWith A phase voltage U mutually
ANPhase place have 120 degree angles, therefore this moment:
U
A goes out≈ U
A goes into+ U
BNXCOS120 °/i=U
A goes into-0.5XU
BN/ i
6)-2 grade: K3 and K6 closure, with homophase phase voltage U
ANOppositely be applied to elementary winding Q
JustOn. so this moment:
Δ U=-U
A goes into/ i,
U
A goes out=U
A goes into+ Δ U=U
A goes into-U
A goes into/ i=U
A goes into(1-1/i)
7)-3 grade: K2 and K6 closure, line voltage U
ABOppositely be applied to elementary winding Q
JustOn.
Because reverse line voltage U
ABWith A phase voltage U mutually
ANPhase place have 150 degree angles, and its spoke value is U
AN Times, so this moment:
U
A goes out≈ U
A goes into+ U
ABXCOS150 °/i=U
A goes into-1.5XU
A goes into/ i=U
A goes into(1-1.5/i).
Above-mentioned the analysis showed that, zero current of the present invention do not have switching and the no-load voltage ratio relation of arc switching type voltage-regulating stable-pressure device by the primary and secondary winding coil of compensator transformer T, two-way many grades voltage compensation can be provided, thereby can reach the purpose of pressure regulation.The situation of voltage stabilizing also in like manner is not described in detail in this.
In addition, be electric though the foregoing description has only exemplified employing A phase power supply, adopting out-phase is that electricity, line voltage are the situation that AB compensates mutually to B mutually, but, according to electricity general knowledge, also be feasible as utilizing the out-phase phase voltage for C phase, line voltage compensate mutually for AC this moment.
Situation when input voltage is B phase or C phase power supply also can in like manner be analyzed.In this explanation no longer separately.
Fig. 3 is the circuit theory schematic diagram that zero current of the present invention does not have another embodiment of arc switching type voltage-regulating stable-pressure device.On the elementary winding of the voltage-regulating and voltage-stabilizing device among this figure,, 2 middle part taps have been increased with comparing of Fig. 1; These 2 middle part taps also are connected to power supply A phase by diverter switch.(certainly, also can be according to concrete voltage-regulation voltage-stabilization requirement, each tap set up on their own be connected to zero-power line, and/or, each phase line of power supply.)
During work, by selecting the actuating coil number of turn of elementary winding, and its selection is applied corresponding out-phase phase voltage, homophase phase voltage or line voltage, be convenient to realize many grades, wide region, high-precision voltage compensation.
Obviously, zero current of the present invention does not have the technical scheme of arc switching type voltage-regulating stable-pressure device, no matter single-phase or three-phase alternating current power supply situation all is suitable for.
Zero current of the present invention does not have the control circuit part (the control circuit part that comprises the power electronic switching device) of arc switching type voltage-regulating stable-pressure device, can adopt techniques well known, succinctly consider for drawing, in each accompanying drawing, do not draw in detail, also no longer describe in detail at this.