CN101725964B - Horizontal circulating fluidized bed boiler - Google Patents

Horizontal circulating fluidized bed boiler Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101725964B
CN101725964B CN200810170859A CN200810170859A CN101725964B CN 101725964 B CN101725964 B CN 101725964B CN 200810170859 A CN200810170859 A CN 200810170859A CN 200810170859 A CN200810170859 A CN 200810170859A CN 101725964 B CN101725964 B CN 101725964B
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horizontal
bed
burner hearth
bed material
hearth
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CN200810170859A
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CN101725964A (en
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马成果
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Heilongjiang New Double Boiler Co ltd
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HEILONGJIANG SHUANGGUO BOILER CO Ltd
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Publication of CN101725964A publication Critical patent/CN101725964A/en
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Abstract

The invention relates to a horizontal circulating fluidized bed boiler aiming to solve the technical problems that a vertical hearth structure of a vertical circulating fluidized bed boiler has the defects that bed material combustion and desulfuration and denitrification are not carried out according to the sequence of the bed materials to influence the improvement on the combustion efficiency of the boiler and the effects of desulfuration and denitrification; a pressure balance point in the hearth is high, thus the addition, the circulated back-combustion and the slag discharge of the bed materials are influenced by the pressure, and the operation is inconvenient; the driving separation is highly limited and hot bed materials are not matched with a heat-transfer surface, thus the improvement on the efficiency of the boiler can be influenced; and the hearth is easy to corrode and wear. According to the technical scheme of the invention, the horizontal circulating fluidized bed boiler consists of a horizontal hearth, an air chamber, a soot cyclone separator, a coal feeder, a slag discharge device and a right-angle directional wind cap, wherein the horizontal hearth is internally and longitudinally provided with a vertical clapboard through which the hearth is divided into a bed material inlet flow channel and a bed material outlet flow channel which are opposite to each other. A bed material inlet and a bed material outlet of the horizontal hearth are arranged on the lateral surface and the lower surface of the same side of the horizontal hearth and respectively correspond to two opposite bed material flow channels. Bed material ports are arranged on two sides of the bottom side of the vertical clapboard.

Description

Horizontal circulating fluidized bed boiler
Technical field
The present invention relates to CFBB, particularly a kind of horizontal circulating fluidized bed boiler.
Background technology
Boiler is the equipment that changes the chemical energy in the fossil fuel (referring to coal) into heat energy more; The fundamental reaction that chemical energy in the coal changes heat energy into is burning; Carbon and protium oxidation (burning) in the process of burning in the coal discharge heat energy; But contain sulphur and nitrogen compound in the coal, sulphur compound burning back generates sulfur dioxide, and nitrogen compound burning back generates nitrogen oxide (NOx).These two oxides discharge in atmosphere, form acid rain, atmosphere is produced pollute.In boiler design, can change coal chemistry into heat energy (efficiency of combustion is high) and effectively remove sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides emission expeditiously, reduce atmosphere pollution, be that people pursue.In the basic coal-burning boiler, not said two devices perfect basically also not the having of uniting.Aspect efficiency of combustion, the coal-powder boiler burner hearth is high, and fuel time of staying in burner hearth is long, and used bunker coal thin (70% can pass through 200 purpose sieves) can fully burn, so ignition temperature high (about 1350 ℃) (efficiency of combustion is high); The used coal cinder of grate furnace is big; During burning; Though the time of staying to coal can be controlled, burner hearth is not high, and the flue gas that coal generates on the fire grate, the ickings time of staying in burner hearth is short; Can not fully burn, so ignition temperature is lower than coal-powder boiler (about 1200 ℃) (efficiency of combustion yet keeps higher level); Aspect effective removal sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides emission, the ignition temperature of coal-powder boiler and grate furnace all is higher than to be taked can not effectively remove sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides emission to the absorption of sulphur in the sulfur dioxide and the reduction temperature of nitrogen oxide (about 600 ℃).The present vertical circulation fluidized-bed combustion boiler that generally uses; Though when keeping than high burning efficiency; Can accomplish comparatively effectively to reduce the discharging of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide; Aspect efficiency of combustion; The vertical circulation fluid bed boiler furnace is a vertical furnace chamber; Burner hearth is high; The bed material is under the effect of air compartment fluidization air; Fluidized bed combustion in burner hearth; When burner hearth burns the time of staying long, most of fire coal can both fully burn, ignition temperature (about 900 ℃) is lower than grate furnace; But the fluidized bed combustion turbulivity is high, mass-and heat-transfer degree also high (efficiency of combustion yet keeps higher level); Aspect effective removal sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides emission; The vertical circulation fluid bed; Added lime stone in the bed material; Because ignition temperature is fit to limestone calcination; Lime stone after the calcining becomes lime and comes the sulfur dioxide in the absorption from flue gas; Generate and stablize calcium sulfate; Because bed material turbulent flow exists reaction is carried out continuously; Again owing to roughly be divided into two parts in the burner hearth; Top is moving bed; The bottom is the bubble bed, and the bottom bed material is thick, and the reducing gas of insufficient generation of burning can play reduction reaction with nitrogen oxide the nitrogen oxide in the flue gas is reduced.But, the first, vertical circulation fluid bed vertical furnace chamber structure can not make the bed material move horizontally with burner hearth bottom bubble bed bed material thick; Visual this part fluidized bed furnace for not moving horizontally, when burning of bed material and desulfurization were denitrogenated, this part was not to remove the nitrogen rule segmentation according to order burning successively of bed material and desulfurization to carry out; Cause deficiency to be; On the one hand, make fuel can not fully burn (exist fuel not burn and flow out phenomenon), influence boiler efficiency and improve; On the other hand, the product (calcium sulfide) that makes advanced and formerly ongoing bed material desulphurization reaction can accomplish desulphurization reaction by laggard bed material and before robbing stops and go on, and the reducing gas that the reducing zone produces (like methane. ethane. ammonia etc.) possibly fail to participate in reaction and promptly go out burner hearth; Desulfurization is denitrogenated not thorough; Influence the boiler desulfurization efficiencies of nitrogen removal. the second, vertical circulation fluid bed vertical furnace chamber structure will realize a materials flow burning, air compartment fluidization air pressure is just bigger below the burner hearth; Cause deficiency to be; Vertical furnace chamber internal pressure equalization point improves (raisings of burner hearth combustion pressure), consequently the dosing of bed material, circulate and strile-back and the deslagging influence that is under pressure, it is inconvenient to operate; The 3rd; There is the restriction of transmission transport disengaging height in vertical circulation fluid bed vertical furnace chamber structure, and the bed material speed that surpasses this height will be little with the fluidization air velocity contrast; Make the bed material can not keep receiving the effect of air compartment fluidization air; Cause deficiency to be, the burning of bed material is obstructed, and boiler combustion efficiency can not further improve; The 4th, in the vertical circulation sulfuration bed vertical burner hearth, see from redox angle; Top moving bed part also can be considered zoneofoxidation; Bottom bubble bed part also can be considered the reducing zone, and at these two district's intersections, vertical furnace chamber inside is washed away by these two mutual actings in conjunction in district and the dirty bed material of eminence; Cause deficiency to be, the burner hearth corrosion-vulnerable is bigger with wearing and tearing; The 5th, the space is large but impractical in the vertical circulation sulfuration bed vertical burner hearth, and hot bed materials and heating surface do not match, and influence boiler efficiency.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention will solve is that burning of bed material and the desulfurization that vertical circulation fluidized-bed combustion boiler vertical furnace chamber structure exists denitrogenated and can not be carried out according to bed material successively order, influences boiler combustion efficiency and improves and the desulfurization efficiencies of nitrogen removal; The pressure in the burner hearth equalization point improves, and the dosing of bed material, circulates and strile-backs and the deslagging influence that is under pressure, and operation is inconvenient; Have the restriction of transmission transport disengaging height, boiler combustion efficiency can not further improve; And the space is large but impractical in the burner hearth, and hot bed materials and heating surface do not match, and influence boiler efficiency; The deficiency of burner hearth corrosion-vulnerable and wearing and tearing.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above the technical scheme that the present invention takes do; It is made up of horizontal burner hearth, air compartment, flue dust cyclone separator, coal feeder and slag-discharging device; It is identical with prior art to connect cooperation each other, in the said horizontal burner hearth vertical partition plate is arranged vertically, is two opposite materials flow roads of bed material at a distance from burner hearth; The side of the same end of said horizontal burner hearth with below be respectively equipped with a bed material import and export; Said bed material import and export lays respectively on described two opposite materials flow roads, and there is bed material port in the bight at two ends, said vertical partition plate base, and air hole is combined with the oriented at right angles blast cap on the air distribution plate of said horizontal burner hearth bottom.
The present invention compares with prior art, because chamber design is horizontal burner hearth, furnace height is relatively low; And the bed material is arranged in the burner hearth into and go out two opposite materials flow roads of bed material; And said dividing plate both sides bed material port communicates said two opposite materials flow roads from beginning to end, and its beneficial effect is, 1, air compartment fluidization air pressure do not need bigger; Bottom bubble bed relative thin; Horizontal upper furnace moving bed, bottom bubble bed (becoming removable bubble bed) burn according to priority order " the waves behind drive on those before " segmentation rule in the said bed of horizontal burner hearth materials flow road and desulfurization is denitrogenated under the effect of air compartment fluidization air; Fuel combustion, desulfurization are denitrogenated thoroughly, improve boiler combustion efficiency and desulfurization efficiencies of nitrogen removal; 2, air compartment fluidization air pressure does not need greatlyyer, and horizontal stove breech pressure equalization point lower (the burner hearth combustion pressure is low than the vertical furnace chamber combustion pressure), circulates and strile-backs and the deslagging operation at the dosing of convenient bed material; 3, there is not the restriction of transmission transport disengaging height in horizontal chamber structure; Horizontal furnace cavity is low; Bed horizontal fluidised burning of material and horizontal burner hearth air distribution plate distance are certain, can keep the bed material to receive the effect of air compartment fluidization air always, and the burning of bed material is not obstructed; Expanding water open hearth thorax perimeter dimension can prolong bed material time of staying in burner hearth, further improves boiler combustion efficiency; 4, bottom bubble bed (becoming removable bubble bed) is thin in the horizontal burner hearth, and corresponding reducing zone is also very narrow, and major part be zoneofoxidation, and burner hearth is corroded and weares and teares less because of the dirty factor of washing away of bed expecting of reducing zone and the mutual acting in conjunction of zoneofoxidation and eminence; 5, the space is compact in the horizontal burner hearth, and hot bed materials and heating surface coupling appropriateness are not established aileron necessity, and boiler efficiency is high; In addition, relatively low because of horizontal furnace height, do not need Operation and Maintenance transport equipment for persons such as elevator, support, saved the pinnacled wind devices of repeatedly giving has been installed; Fuel is comparatively thorough at the horizontal stove chamber inner combustion, can not cause high-temp combustion in the flue dust cyclone separator, and flue dust cyclone separator outtake tube needn't adopt exotic material (Ni-Cr alloy), and above-mentioned need not to establish the wing strong, has therefore reduced cost; Horizontal furnace height is relatively low, and fluidization air pressure requires to reduce, and bed material (coal and lime stone etc.) does not require the too thin of mill at the low level fluidized bed combustion, energy savings.Can also be horizontal circulating fluidized bed boiler in order to transform coal-powder boiler with horizontal burner hearth modularization.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 looks the broken section structure sketch for the horizontal circulating fluidized bed boiler master;
Fig. 2 overlooks the broken section structure sketch for horizontal circulating fluidized bed boiler;
Fig. 3 is a horizontal circulating fluidized bed boiler left side TV structure sketch.
The specific embodiment
Provide the preferred embodiment of the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing: it is made up of the horizontal burner hearth of cuboid, the rectangle air compartment that cooperates with said horizontal burner hearth 1, two flue dust cyclone separators 2,3, coal feeder 4 and slag-discharging device 5; Outside the smoke abatement cyclone separator 3; It is identical with prior art that all the other connect cooperation each other; Vertically there is vertical partition plate 6 at the horizontal axis place in the said horizontal burner hearth, at a distance from burner hearth for advancing the bed material and go out two opposite materials flow roads 7,8 of bed material, the side of the same end of said horizontal burner hearth with below be respectively equipped with a bed material import and export; Said bed material import and export lays respectively on the described bed materials flow road 7,8; There is a bed material port 9,10 in the bight at two ends, vertical partition plate 6 base, identical in the flue dust cyclone separator 2,3, coal feeder 4 structures and existing recirculating fluidized bed; Slag-discharging device 5 is the pipe of falling the T-shape, and the lower end is control slagging amount transverse tube 13.Flue dust cyclone separator 3 is connected fixing with 7 afterbodys top, said bed materials flow road; Said burner hearth top board inner face is fixed (with bolt, bitch etc.) has the refractory cement plate; Air hole is combined with oriented at right angles blast cap 11 and (supplies with fluidization air with orientation, play the check valve effect, keep on the air distribution plate necessarily coal seam thickness simultaneously on the said horizontal burner hearth bottom air distribution plate; The protecting cloth aerofoil), there is reducing gas through hole 12 vertical partition plate 6 surperficial middle and upper parts.During work; Coal and lime stone get into said bed materials flow road 7 from coal feeder 4; Because fluidization air promotes in the said wind cap 11, the said runner 7 in edge moves forward and is fluidized, and extremely said bed material port 9 gets into said materials flow road 8; Same because fluidization air promotion in the said wind cap 11; And continue to move forward and be fluidized in the other direction along said runner 8, during 8 afterbodys, part bed material is discharged by slag-discharging device 5 to said bed materials flow road; It is combustion-supporting with coal and the lime stone mixed firing sent here from coal feeder 4 that another part bed material is reverse back to said bed materials flow road 7 head ends by said bed material port 10, and the flue gas that produces in the said bed materials flow road 7,8 is handled through flue dust cyclone separator 3,2 respectively.The new coal that adds in the burner hearth can produce reducing gas when just heating; Can be by said bed materials flow road 7 through said reducing gas through hole 12 to said bed materials flow road 8; Carry out the reduction of nitrogen oxide; Control the slagging amount at control slagging amount transverse tube 13 1 end bubbling airs or insertion crooked chisel, remove and stop up, so that keep the siege height.

Claims (5)

1. horizontal circulating fluidized bed boiler; It is made up of burner hearth, air compartment, flue dust cyclone separator, coal feeder and slag-discharging device; It is characterized in that: said burner hearth is horizontal burner hearth, in the said horizontal burner hearth vertical partition plate is arranged vertically, expects two opposite materials flow roads at a distance from burner hearth for advancing the bed material and going out bed; The side of the same end of said horizontal burner hearth with below be respectively equipped with a bed material import and export; Said bed material import and export lays respectively on described two opposite materials flow roads, and there is bed material port in the bight at two ends, said vertical partition plate base, and air hole is combined with the oriented at right angles blast cap on the air distribution plate of said horizontal burner hearth bottom.
2. horizontal circulating fluidized bed boiler according to claim 1 is characterized in that: there is the reducing gas through hole middle and upper part, said vertical partition plate surface.
3. horizontal circulating fluidized bed boiler according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said horizontal burner hearth top board inner face is fixed with the refractory cement plate.
4. horizontal circulating fluidized bed boiler according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said slag-discharging device is the pipe of falling the T-shape.
5. horizontal circulating fluidized bed boiler according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said horizontal burner hearth is a cuboid.
CN200810170859A 2008-10-16 2008-10-16 Horizontal circulating fluidized bed boiler Expired - Fee Related CN101725964B (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN200810170859A CN101725964B (en) 2008-10-16 2008-10-16 Horizontal circulating fluidized bed boiler

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN200810170859A CN101725964B (en) 2008-10-16 2008-10-16 Horizontal circulating fluidized bed boiler

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CN101725964A CN101725964A (en) 2010-06-09
CN101725964B true CN101725964B (en) 2012-10-24

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4828486A (en) * 1980-04-04 1989-05-09 Babcock Hitachi Kabushiki Kaisha Fluidized bed combustor and a method of operating same
CN1172923A (en) * 1997-02-17 1998-02-11 黄世汉 Auxiliary bed high-level installed double fluidized bed boiler
CN2432452Y (en) * 2000-05-10 2001-05-30 清华大学煤燃烧工程研究中心 constant pressure combined recirculating fluidized bed garbage incinerator
JP2007127297A (en) * 2005-11-01 2007-05-24 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd Fluidized-bed furnace of medium circulation equipment
CN101004262A (en) * 2007-01-23 2007-07-25 南京师范大学 Horizontal firing method for zonal fluid bed of fluid bed boiler, and zonal fluid bed in horizontal circulate

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4828486A (en) * 1980-04-04 1989-05-09 Babcock Hitachi Kabushiki Kaisha Fluidized bed combustor and a method of operating same
CN1172923A (en) * 1997-02-17 1998-02-11 黄世汉 Auxiliary bed high-level installed double fluidized bed boiler
CN2432452Y (en) * 2000-05-10 2001-05-30 清华大学煤燃烧工程研究中心 constant pressure combined recirculating fluidized bed garbage incinerator
JP2007127297A (en) * 2005-11-01 2007-05-24 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd Fluidized-bed furnace of medium circulation equipment
CN101004262A (en) * 2007-01-23 2007-07-25 南京师范大学 Horizontal firing method for zonal fluid bed of fluid bed boiler, and zonal fluid bed in horizontal circulate

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EE01 Entry into force of recordation of patent licensing contract

Application publication date: 20100609

Assignee: Heilongjiang new double boiler Co.,Ltd.

Assignor: HEILONGJIANG SHUANGGUO BOILER Co.,Ltd.

Contract record no.: 2018110000053

Denomination of invention: Horizontal circulating fluidized bed boiler

Granted publication date: 20121024

License type: Common License

Record date: 20180817

EE01 Entry into force of recordation of patent licensing contract
TR01 Transfer of patent right

Effective date of registration: 20190723

Address after: 155110 Jiaodi Road, Jianshan District, Shuangyashan City, Heilongjiang Province

Patentee after: Heilongjiang new double boiler Co.,Ltd.

Address before: 155110 No. 261 Yaodi Road, Jianshan District, Shuangyashan City, Heilongjiang Province

Patentee before: HEILONGJIANG SHUANGGUO BOILER Co.,Ltd.

TR01 Transfer of patent right
CP02 Change in the address of a patent holder

Address after: 155110 No. 261 Yaodi Road, Jianshan District, Shuangyashan City, Heilongjiang Province

Patentee after: Heilongjiang new double boiler Co.,Ltd.

Address before: 155110 Jiaodi Road, Jianshan District, Shuangyashan City, Heilongjiang Province

Patentee before: Heilongjiang new double boiler Co.,Ltd.

CP02 Change in the address of a patent holder
CF01 Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee

Granted publication date: 20121024