CN101723055B - Ship structure and operating method thereof - Google Patents
Ship structure and operating method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101723055B CN101723055B CN200810169087.XA CN200810169087A CN101723055B CN 101723055 B CN101723055 B CN 101723055B CN 200810169087 A CN200810169087 A CN 200810169087A CN 101723055 B CN101723055 B CN 101723055B
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- ship
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Abstract
The invention provides a ship structure and an operating method thereof. The ship structure comprises a main ship and a movable rear ship which is up-down movably pivoted at the rear part of the main ship opposite to the main ship through a hinge linking device; the inner part of the movable rear ship is provided with an engine and a thruster extending out of the outer part of the ship from a thruster shaft, and the tail part of the movable rear ship can be lifted through a lifting device to adjust the height of an off-water line at the rear end of the rear ship and the pivoting angle relative to the main ship. The bottom of the ship is provided with at least one cushion concave part, generally a plurality of cushion concave parts, and pressurized air is filled in the cushion concave parts to reduce the sticky resistance of the bottom of the ship and water. When the ship suffers from storm to generate longitudinal shake to enable the tail part of the ship to raise, the rear ship falls by using a hinge shaft as a center through weight per se for avoiding the idling of the thruster leaving the water level; when the head part of the ship raises, the rear ship raises to maintain normal draught height through the buoyancy of water. The whole ship automatically adjusts the draught area of the thruster and maintains the best navigation state, thereby greatly saving fuel.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to boats and ships, espespecially relate to a kind of hull, its there is main body and there is driving engine and the activity of propulsive mechanism after hull, and this movable after hull for can be up and down with respect to main body by articulated joining device be articulated in the hull construction of the stern of main body.
Background technology
Conventionally, before the hull of boats and ships is divided into, rear two joint shell bodies, and it is front, the opposite end of rear shell body is coupled to mutually one by articulated joining device, to form coupled boats and ships, in for example US Patent the 3rd, 145, No. 681 (authorizing ETSUO NAKAGAWA), the 3rd, 370, No. 564 (authorizing G.ARCHER etc.), the 4th, 050, No. 395 (authorizing ANDESON) and the 6th, 431, (authorize Huang No. 099, be the inventor) etc. disclosed in patent, the design goal of this coupled construction of vessel is increase ship hull and overcomes the ability that navigation Wave causes jolt produced distortion and sinkage.
US Patent the 3rd, the hinge attachment that discloses two shell bodies for 145, No. 681 is served as reasons and is located at least one semi-cylindrical shaped protrusion of one of two shell bodies, at least one that is located at another shell body can be held the semi-cylindrical shaped recess of this semi-cylindrical shaped protrusion and a central part that connects chimeric mutually protrusion and recess and make two shell bodies can link with the relative rotation all-in-one-piece horizontal pivot to form.
US Patent the 3rd, has disclosed for 370, No. 564 for above-mentioned US Patent the 3rd, 145, the structure-improved of No. 681 disclosed articulated joining devices, can increase the radius of hinge attachment, with obtain two shell bodies compared with macrobending relation and extend the radian below the bottom line of hull.
US Patent the 4th, 050, disclosed the articulated joining device being applicable to as above-mentioned coupled boats and ships No. 395, the structure of this articulated joining device is different from aforementioned various hinge means, this articulated joining device has the pivot device that the forward and backward hull of a link can be pivoted relative to each other them, and and one away from this pivot device establish, in order to link above-mentioned two hulls and the adjustable hookup mechanism of complying with the angle amount of the moving operation of opposing two hulls, pivot device comprises regulating a hull and pivot with respect to the control apparatus of the vertical rise of another hull.
The inventor's US Patent the 6th, has disclosed the articulated joining device that is applicable to above-mentioned coupled boats and ships 431, No. 099, comprises and forms the part of shell and the inner hinge block that is provided with complete hinge assembly.This hinge block is by hinge block after hinge block before shell build and shell type, and can be pivoted relative to each other to be arranged between forward and backward hinge block and formed to link the above-mentioned hinge assembly of this two hinge piece, wherein, one in described hinge block is connected to one of forward and backward two hulls removably, and another in hinge block is fixed on another of forward and backward two hulls.Utilize this structure, where necessary can forward and backward two hulls that be connected are separated.
The structure of the coupled boats and ships that aforementioned each patent gazette is disclosed has a common function,, in order to reduce navigation Wave, cause the produce moment of deflection that acts on shell that jolts, in other words, in order to increase the resistance to anti-ability of shell to distortion that wave causes and sinkage.But never disclose or imply that this coupled boats and ships time can draw high or put down to adjust it with respect to the waving angle of front hull by rear hull by lifting appliance in departure and/or navigation, so that propelling unit (propeller) is set up at desirable height or risen and fallen and shake in the waving angle of being set up.
Moreover in the coupled boats and ships of aforementioned known configuration, the hinge connecting part of forward and backward two hulls directly exposes to the open air externally, be repugnant to the eye, and tool is dangerous.
Summary of the invention
Main purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of hull construction of coupled boats and ships, have main body and by articulated joining device can be up and down with respect to main body be articulated in hull after the activity at this main body rear portion, after this activity, hull interior is provided with driving engine and from driving engine, via propeller shaft, stretches out the propelling unit of hull outside, and by the jacking systems such as winch or coaster liter capable of hoisting or fall to regulate and control the moving angle of its pivot up and down with respect to main body.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of hull construction of coupled boats and ships, wherein, the flat bottoms of main body is provided with and a row or multi-rowly comprises at least one and be generally a plurality of air-cushion recess, when navigation, be full of forced air, to reduce the glutinous resistance of hull bottom and water, and then increase route speed, and the loss of minimizing horsepower.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of hull construction of coupled boats and ships, wherein, the quarter of a ship of main body forms a notch portion of extending from stern-on bow to be installed with movable hull, movable hull is connected in this notch portion inner side of main body by articulated joining device, and can fluctuate with respect to main body in this notch portion, and notch portion top is preferably provided with the deck of extending to cover rear hull from main body.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of hull construction of coupled boats and ships, it is provided with from the both sides, rear portion of main body the side cabin portion with the two sides of hull after covering to downward-extension in order to be installed with the recess both sides of rear hull.
A further object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of operation of coupled boats and ships, when stopping the boats and ships departure of harbour or harbour, rear hull is drawn high and made propelling unit partly or entirely leave the water surface by jacking system, reduce resistance in water, and make to start function within the short time, to raise after paramount rotating speed (RPM), by jacking system, put down propelling unit again and enter in water, to increase propulsive force, make boats and ships reach rapidly coasting speed.Subsequently, in navigation, meet wave and produce while jolting (Pitching), rear hull be take hinge axis with the lifting (fluctuating) of main body by buoyancy and gravity and as axle center, is automatically done corresponding fluctuating, maintain normal drinking water, and then maintain best operational configuration, and can fuel saving.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the partial cross sectional side elevation view of an embodiment of hull construction of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the ground plan of hull construction shown in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is looked end view drawing by hull shown in Fig. 1 from stern.
Fig. 4 represents that rear hull is at the schematic diagram of the position of different water surface elevations.
Fig. 5 is the partial schematic diagram of another embodiment of hull construction of the present invention.
Fig. 6 represents that hull bottom surface forms the schematic diagram of an example of many vent pads recess.
The specific embodiment
Other object of the present invention and structural attitude can be by obtained further understanding referring to accompanying drawing explains.
Fig. 1 represents that hull construction of the present invention is applicable to the lateral plan of an embodiment of yacht, the backplan of boats and ships shown in Fig. 2 presentation graphs 1, and Fig. 3 represents the schematic diagram of the stern part of these boats and ships.
As shown in Figure 1 to Figure 3, boats and ships M of the present invention by main body 10 and by articulated joining device (abbreviation hinge means) 30 can be up and down with respect to main body 10 be bound up on the quarter of a ship 11 of this main body 10 rear hull 20 formed.
The inside 12 of main body 10 is provided with (not shown) such as the necessary separation of general ship, refrigerator-freezers, and quarter of a ship 11 is formed with a notch portion 13 of extending to bow from aft end.The end wall of remaining silent of this notch portion 13 is the rear wall 111 of after peak 11a, and two side is relative two sidewalls 112,112 from two side cabin 11b, 11b of after peak 11a two side direction stern directions extensions.The boat bottom 14 of main body 10 forms flat bottoms 15.
The rear that the rear lower of rear hull 20 is positioned at each propelling unit 41 is respectively provided with a rudder for ship 43.In order to cover rear hull 20, make it not be exposed to outside, the deck, rear 16 of main body 10 is extensible above above-mentioned notch portion 13, to cover at least a portion of rear hull 20 as far as possible.In the embodiment of the boats and ships of the present invention shown in Fig. 2, deck 16 all covers rear hull 20 above, still, as only the front portion of rear hull 20 covered, even do not cover completely, and be also optional.For rear hull 20 can be moved up and down with respect to main body 10, between deck, rear 16 and rear hull 20, remain with for rear hull 20 space S at predetermined angular α 1 and 2 upper and lower pivoting actions of α centered by hinge axis 31, and link main body 10, also leave the rear hull 20 of permission space S 1, S2 in predetermined angular θ 1 and θ 2 pivotables centered by hinge axis 31 with the upper and lower of the articulated joining device 30 of rear hull 20.In this embodiment, above-mentioned angle [alpha] 1=θ 1, α 2=θ 2, as the pivoting angle θ 1 of hinge and θ 2 are set as when identical, after the waving angle α 1 of hull 20 also identical with α 2, now, α 1=α 2=θ 1=θ 2.But it is not identical that θ 1 and θ 2 also can set for, for example α 1< α 2 or α 1> α 2, determine according to design.Articulated joining device 30 can be used any suitable hinge type hookup, be not particularly limited, and the applicant's US Patent the 6th, 431, people's No. the 3rd, 370,564, US Patent or the US Patent the 3rd of NAKAGAWA such as No. 099 disclosed hinge means, ARCHER, 145, No. 681 disclosed articulated joining devices are equally applicable to the present invention.
Two side cabin 11b that the rear portion of main body 10 is used to form notch portion 13 form from stern-on bow and underwater tilt to extend and be slightly echelon form cabin (seeing Fig. 1), but are not limited to this shape.Described two side cabin 11b can cover two sides, the place ahead part of rear hull 20.
The appropriate location, rear end of rear hull 20, links one end of a steel chain (chain) 51 in the present embodiment for upper central, the other end of steel chain 51 is reeled and is fixed on the winch 50 being located on deck 16.Rear hull 20 drives operation to furl or to emit steel chain 51 by winch thus 50, thereby can stay in the desired height and position in 30 angular ranges that can rotate of hinge means.Above-mentioned winch 50 can be manual type or electrodynamic type, and can be replaced by chain block or hoisting crane (crane).
Fig. 4 represents that rear hull 20 is stayed in the instruction diagram of diverse location by winch 50 folding and unfolding chains 51.
When chain 51 hang down make after the rear end of hull 20 to the P from floating line (WL1) height h
0during position, rear hull 20 only can shake in water in angle [alpha] 1 scope.If chain 51 hangs down to P
1during position, rear hull 20 just can shake in the scope of angle [alpha] 1+ α 2.In addition, as by chain 51 toward being pulled to extreme higher position, i.e. P
2during position, rear hull 20 cannot shake.
In the present embodiment, rear hull 20 is during designed to quiescence in water, is to remain on the propelling unit 41 undersurface above-mentioned P that submerges by buoyancy
0position, therefore even chain 51 lowerings to P
1during the length of position, rear hull 20 still can be at P
0position, the length part that surpasses above-mentioned height h of chain 51 is lax shape to be stayed above rear hull 20, when ship M activates navigation, hull 20 jolting and can shake at angle [alpha] 1+ α 2 interior heave and set with ship after allowing.Like this, the adjustment of the length by chain 51, coordinates the predetermined angle of hinge means 30, and can make rear hull 20 shake in the angular range of maximum α 1+ α 2.
Though there is the hull of structure as above applicable to various boats and ships, be particularly suitable for having partly or entirely flat flat-bottomed boat.In the hull M of the present embodiment, main body 10 has flat bottoms 15, this flat bottoms 15 is formed with a plurality of air-cushion recess 17 of at least one row from bow to stern, each interior appropriate position of air-cushion recess 17 is respectively provided with the forced air that a fumarole 171 sends here from the interior set blowing engine of main body 10 or air compressor 18 in order to ejection and is full of each recess 17, simultaneously, peristome at least part of recess 17 is provided with hydrofoil 19, by this hydrofoil, reduce the glutinous resistance of hull bottom and the water surface, and promote the planking of ship energy.When representing that boats and ships M reaches coasting speed, the symbol WL2 in Fig. 1 slides waterline.In the present embodiment, each recess 17 each blowing engine 18 pressurised air by a platform independent, as use a large blower (not shown) by the road and constant-pressure control valve forced air is divided to deliver to each recess 17 be also selectable.In addition, when as larger in ship type, boat bottom 15 should be established many vent pads recess 17, and Fig. 6 is one example.
Secondly, there is the method for operation of boats and ships as constituted above and be described as follows: when ship is stopped harbour or harbour, ship is conventionally upper at for example floating line (WL1), and now rear hull 20 is to be positioned at undersurface P at propelling unit 41
0position, under this state, during as engine on 40, because propelling unit 41 is subject to larger water resistance, the rotation number of driving engine 40 (RPM) rises slow, and consumption of fuel is large.But the present invention because of can by winch 50 via steel chain 51 pull-ups after hull 20 for example, until propelling unit 41 partly or entirely leaves the water surface, P
2position, and reduce resistance in water, so driving engine 40 just can be increased to required high rotation speed within the short time.After speed reaches, slowly put down rear hull 20, propelling unit 41 is entered in water, increase gradually propulsive force, just can make ship with full gear or desired speed, navigate by water rapidly and reach coasting speed.In navigation, be subject to shaking of wave, rear hull 20 can rise and fall with the following sea of main body 10, and centered by hinge axis, produce corresponding rise and fall by buoyancy and gravity own, to maintain normal drinking water, and then can maintain the preferably speed of a ship or plane and stable operational configuration, and can significantly save with oil.In addition, in navigation, the angle that fluctuates of rear hull 20, in the angular range limiting at hinge means 30, can the change by adjusting length that steel chain 51 put down.
For general ship, hull often has that propelling unit is completely dried up is outstanding skyborne situation because the stern perk of jolting causes, now, propelling unit causes driving engine suddenly with hyper-speed, to dally because having no water resistance, while making propelling unit enter again in water but stern lands again at once, driving engine is subject to precipitate water resistance load and suddenly slows down, driving engine is because being alternately subject to the sudden change of this idle running and rotative speed that load changing causes, internal works is vulnerable to impact and even causes damage, and shorten service life of driving engine, simultaneously, also can cause the unsettled situation of the hull speed of a ship or plane.As for boats and ships of the present invention, because rear hull 20 can land by gravity, make propelling unit 41 the state of unsettled idle running can not occur as far as possible, therefore can there is not the situation that engine speed just suddenlys change, therefore, can keep the stable of ship's speed and navigation, extend the service life of driving engine, and can reduce the loss of horsepower and save fuel oil.
Though the lift adjustment of above-mentioned rear hull 20 can realize by jacking systems such as directly artificial or remote control winches 50, also can coordinate startup, rotating speed and the output situation of driving engine automatically to control realization to control the microprocessor controller of winch by one.Because this microprocessor controller of class is skill well known in the art, therefore not elsewhere specified at this.
As described above is only the feasible embodiment of the present invention one, within not departing from the present invention's spirit and following claim, those skilled in the art can do various modifications, change or displacement, and all this should be considered as being encompassed in claim of the present invention.
Primary clustering nomenclature
M boats and ships 10 main bodys
20 rear hull 30 articulated joining devices (hinge means)
40 driving engine 50 winches (jacking system)
11 main body quarter of a ship 11a after peaks
112 sidewall 12 inside
13 notch portion 14 bottoms
15 flat bottoms 16 decks
17 air-cushion recess 171 fumaroles
18 blowing engine 19 hydrofoils
21 machinery room 31 hinge axis
41 propelling unit 42 propeller shafts
43 rudder for ship 51 steel chains (chain)
θ 1, the rotational angle of θ 2 hinges
α 1, the rotational angle of α 2 rear hulls
P
0, P
1, P
2the position of rear hull
WL1 floating line
WL2 slides waterline
S, S1, S2 space
Claims (5)
1. a hull construction for boats and ships, comprising: main body and by articulated joining device can be up and down with respect to main body be articulated in hull after the activity of quarter of a ship of this main body; After this activity, the inside of hull is provided with driving engine and the propelling unit of hull outside after driving engine stretches out described activity via propeller shaft, and the afterbody of this rear hull can hang and rises and fall by being located at the jacking system of the quarter of a ship of main body, to regulate the height of the dried up line in rear hull rear end and with respect to the moving angle of pivot of main body;
It is characterized in that, the notch portion that the quarter of a ship formation of this main body is extended from stern-on bow is with hull after holding described activity, the front end of this rear hull is connected in the described notch portion inner space of main body by articulated joining device, and the fluctuation along with wave can fluctuate with respect to main body in described notch portion in navigation; And this notch portion top is provided with from main body extends the deck with cover part or all rear hull to stern.
2. hull construction according to claim 1, is characterized in that, two side cabins that the two side of this notch portion is stretched downwards by the quarter of a ship from main body are formed, and surround at least a portion of the two sides of rear hull.
3. hull construction according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, in order to the jacking system of hull after lifting, is the combination unit of winch, coaster or crane and chain.
4. a method of operation with the boats and ships of the hull construction as described in one of claims 1 to 3, comprise the following steps: first, when static boats and ships will depart, first by described jacking system, rear hull is drawn high to making described propelling unit partly or entirely leave the water surface, to reduce resistance in water; Then, after engine start is accelerated to needed rotating speed, slowly fall rear hull propelling unit is entered in water, cumulative propulsive force to order about ship running, accelerates to desired shipping sail speed thereupon; Subsequently, under sail, fluctuation along with wave, rear hull is by gravity own and buoyancy and automatically do corresponding fluctuating and shake centered by the hinge axis of articulated joining device, to maintain preferably angle of rake drinking water state, meanwhile, the waving angle of hull after also can regulating by jacking system under sail at any time as required, to maintain preferably operational configuration.
5. according to the method for operation of claim 4, it is characterized in that, falling of this rear hull, is that the chain of this rear hull of suspention of jacking system is discarded to the length that this rear hull can be determined to shake within the scope of pivoting angle at hinge means.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200810169087.XA CN101723055B (en) | 2008-10-20 | 2008-10-20 | Ship structure and operating method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200810169087.XA CN101723055B (en) | 2008-10-20 | 2008-10-20 | Ship structure and operating method thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101723055A CN101723055A (en) | 2010-06-09 |
| CN101723055B true CN101723055B (en) | 2014-03-26 |
Family
ID=42444752
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200810169087.XA Expired - Fee Related CN101723055B (en) | 2008-10-20 | 2008-10-20 | Ship structure and operating method thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN101723055B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108284930B (en) * | 2018-03-12 | 2023-09-22 | 南通长青沙船舶工程有限公司 | Propelling device capable of absorbing water at 360 degrees |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2747536A (en) * | 1952-05-21 | 1956-05-29 | Peters & Russell Inc | Hull having pivotal hull units |
| US4050395A (en) * | 1976-03-29 | 1977-09-27 | Anderson Thomas M | Articulated hull construction |
| CN1120003A (en) * | 1994-05-10 | 1996-04-10 | 黄文章 | hydrofoil with air-cushion recess on bottom |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6609472B2 (en) * | 1999-09-01 | 2003-08-26 | Paulette Renee Burg | Stable efficient air lubricated ship |
-
2008
- 2008-10-20 CN CN200810169087.XA patent/CN101723055B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2747536A (en) * | 1952-05-21 | 1956-05-29 | Peters & Russell Inc | Hull having pivotal hull units |
| US4050395A (en) * | 1976-03-29 | 1977-09-27 | Anderson Thomas M | Articulated hull construction |
| CN1120003A (en) * | 1994-05-10 | 1996-04-10 | 黄文章 | hydrofoil with air-cushion recess on bottom |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN101723055A (en) | 2010-06-09 |
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