CN101721827B - Cantilever type overflow weir - Google Patents
Cantilever type overflow weir Download PDFInfo
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- CN101721827B CN101721827B CN2009102420783A CN200910242078A CN101721827B CN 101721827 B CN101721827 B CN 101721827B CN 2009102420783 A CN2009102420783 A CN 2009102420783A CN 200910242078 A CN200910242078 A CN 200910242078A CN 101721827 B CN101721827 B CN 101721827B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a cantilever type overflow weir, which comprises a weir plate, a cantilever, a tray overflow port and a weir plate opening. The weir plate is connected with the cantilever and stretches into a downspout; and the tray overflow port is formed between the weir plate and a tray outlet. The structure can eliminate resonance formed by fluid and a tower device at a low air speed, damage the fluctuation of a liquid layer on the plate, expand lower limit for operation and increase the elastic range by 5 to15 percent; when a liquid level is small, liquid flow directly enters the downspout from the tray overflow port without throwing beyond the weir so as not to form an air cavity in the downspout; when the liquid level is large, liquid overflows from the tray overflow port and the weir plate to reduce the height of liquid head on the weir by splitting the liquid; thus the liquid flow on the plate more tends to be plug flow to relieve retention and back-mixing; two streams of liquid flow interact in the downspout to help the gas liberation; the weir plate opening on the weir plate can discharge part of the liquid. The cantilever type overflow weir has a simple structure, can improve the operational stability of the tray and the downspout and is applicable to various liquid levels.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of downflow weir that is mainly used in oil and the chemical process industry (CPI) plate column.
Background technology
Downflow weir is the important inner member of plate column.Conventional downflow weir all is directly installed on the outlet of column plate, can on column plate, keep certain thickness liquid layer, and mobile liquid phase is carried out abundant contact mass transfer on the vapour phase that makes rising and the plate.Though the structure of downflow weir is simple, to disposal ability, the operational stability of column plate and downspout, and mass-transfer efficiency all has appreciable impact.
In industry, using at present the most general is the Ping Kou weir, and weir plate is plate always, and upper limb is straight; When the liquid phase load is low, also can adopt the profile of tooth weir, to guarantee that the liquid on the column plate evenly flows under the low liquid measure.In addition, and western countries a kind of " swept-back weir (Swept-back) " or " curved weir " also commonly used (patent No.: WO-9818534), weir plate adopts flanging or arc, and it is long to increase the weir, reduction overflow intensity, and certain effect is arranged to improving the flow field.In recent years, also developed some, mainly comprised about weir or downspout patent and the proprietary technology relevant with the weir:
" plate column is used downspout " (being the Vortex column plate) is the patented product (patent No.: 98805791.3) of Sulzer company exploitation; Adopted the downspout of shape as cyclone separator, the centrifugal force that utilizes tangential direction to produce can have facilitation to the separation of the liquid-vapor mixture in the downspout.
" one type high-performance go into, exit weir " is that (patent No.: ZL00233539.5), weir plate adopts smears oblique shape, through reducing both sides, weir height for the patented product of China University Of Petroleum Beijing's exploitation; The flow resistance of both sides is reduced; The flow quantity of suitable raising column plate both sides increases the liquid kinetic energy in the arc area, and the flow that can adjust on the column plate distributes; Improve vapour-liquid on the column plate situation that contacts, also can improve the vapor-liquid separation in the downspout to a certain extent.
" gas-Liquid contacting tray with a plurality of downspouts " is the patented product (patent No.: ZL01805101.4) of shell company exploitation; Characteristics are to have a plurality of downspout mouths; Liquid gets into from the both sides of downspout respectively, and multi-layer sheet is set in the downspout, mainly plays the effect of erosion control baffle plate and guide plate; Can prevent liquidating between the liquid of square downcomer both sides, improve production capacity.
There is certain limitation in the common flat weir structure of extensive use at present from structure:
(1) when liquid flooding is crossed the weir; Can form liquid " waterfall "; Sealing and can not discharge with the fluid separation applications escaping gas in the downspout, produce gas cavity at the back at weir plate, make flow easily at the downspout interruption-forming thiophene of choking; Can not be normally dirty, also can cause downspout liquid flooding (see figure 1) thus.
(2) common straight plate structure also has appreciable impact to the uniformity of Flow Field Distribution on the column plate.Because of weir plate has barrier effect to flow; Can produce the liquid bounce-back; And the tower wall can promote near the contraction of the flow downflow weir, adds the retardation that bubbling element and gas rise on the column plate, and the flow on the column plate can not form desirable laminar flow; Particularly near weir plate, produce liquid bounce-back district, also can form liquid holdup and back-mixing district (see figure 2) simultaneously in the column plate both sides; Simultaneously, downflow weir has retardation to flow, weir plate high more (like pressurizing tower); Liquid layer is thick more, and vapour-liquid is long more time of contact, and mass-transfer efficiency is also just high more; But gas phase is also big more through the resistance that column plate need overcome, and the pressure of column plate falls also just big more, and disposal ability can decrease.Therefore, in actual engineering design, the size of downflow weir and type all have the certain designed requirement.
When (3) using conventional weir, if operating gas velocity is lower, the liquid on the column plate is bigger through the leakage rate of bubbling element, adds the barrier effect that liquid receives weir plate, and liquid can not be crossed the weir and form overflow.When gas upwards passed through column plate bubbling element, gas can receive the retardance of liquid layer on the plate, because of gas is compressible fluid; Have only when pressure accumulates to greater than top liquid head pressure and just can break through liquid layer; Therefore can form the fluctuation of pulsed, because the liquid layer of this moment does not have overflow to cross the weir, gas pulsation can cause the fluctuation of liquid layer; And the wave energy of fluid is because liquid can't free overflow and can not discharge; Step vibration can be caused, when the intrinsic frequency of pulse frequency and the tower of fluctuation is consistent, the resonance of fluid and equipment will be caused; This resonance is huge to mechanical failure that equipment caused with to the destruction of operational stability, particularly for main equipment.The covibration that is lower than under the thiophene point gas speed of choking is ubiquitous, and these are confirmed by laboratory and commercial Application.And this wave energy of fluid on the column plate has only after liquid flooding is crossed the weir, along with the free projectile of fluid just can obtain discharging, that is to say, the resonance of fluid and equipment is only got over weir flow as liquid and gone into downspout and just disappear.
In above-mentioned weir or the downspout patent, " the vapour-liquid contact column plate with a plurality of downspouts " increased the liquid guide flow baffle arrangement in downspout, can alleviate the formation air pocket, and play the effect of erosion control baffle plate; " one type high-performance go into, exit weir " can improve the Flow Field Distribution on the column plate, has certain effect to improving mass-transfer efficiency; " plate column is used downspout " (Vortex column plate) utilizes eddy flow centrifugal force can promote the vapor-liquid separation in the downspout.These corrective measures have certain effect to a certain performance of improving column plate or downspout, but because downflow weir and tray outlet do not have relief port, so can not solve the resonance problem of prescribe a time limit under the operation fluid and equipment; And liquid head height degree is higher on the weir, and the fluctuation aggravation on the column plate is unfavorable for stable operation; Supporting downcomer structure generally must be adopted in these patent weirs, and is also inapplicable to the scrap build of common downspout.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to propose a kind of novel, downflow weir efficiently, can promote the operational stability of column plate and downspout.This structure can be eliminated the resonance that fluid and tower form under the low gas velocity, destroys liquid layer fluctuation on the plate, widens the operation lower limit; Flow can be adjusted the distribution of flow, through separating liquid from column plate overfall or overflow from the weir plate; Can reduce liquid head height degree on the weir, make that flow more is tending towards laminar flow on the plate, alleviate and be detained back-mixing; Two bursts of flows interact in downspout, help gas and overflow; On the cantilevered weir plate slice opening is arranged, can partially liq be unloaded stream, can better satisfy the downspout space availability ratio and reach the flexible requirement of tray designs.
The present invention is achieved in that
A kind of cantilever type overflow weir is provided with weir plate (1) in downspout, weir plate (1) interconnects through cantilever (2) and column plate, and in the space between weir plate (1) and tray outlet, the space between a plurality of cantilevers (2) has just constituted column plate overfall (3).
The lower edge of said weir plate (1) is concordant with column plate or be lower than column plate, and weir plate height and liquid flowing strength, operating pressure are relevant with the disposal ability upper limit.
Slice opening (4) can be set on the weir plate (1).When height of weir when 30mm is following, slice opening (4) is not set.
The upper limb shape of weir plate (1) can be for straight, also can be arc, trapezoidal, profile of tooth or other non-straight structure.The weir of weir plate (1) itself can be straight plate, also can be arc, arc or other non-straight plate structure.
Column plate overfall (3) can be a bar shaped slotted hole or a plurality of bar shaped slotted hole parallel arranged.The gross area of column plate overfall (3) equals the area that gap between weir plate (1) and the column plate deducts cantilever (2).The number that the number of column plate overfall (3) equals cantilever (2) subtracts one, and the width of column plate overfall (3) and liquid flooding intensity, height of weir are relevant, and its width range is 2～50mm, and the optimal width scope is 5～30mm.The length of column plate overfall (3) and tower diameter, the width of column plate overfall (3), liquid flooding intensity, height of weir are relevant, and length range is 100～500mm, and the optimization length scope is 150～400mm.Slice opening (4) on the weir plate (1) can for circular hole, also can the strip slot.
The invention has the advantages that:
(1) compare with conventional weir, weir plate 1 of the present invention links to each other with cantilever 2 and extend in the downspout, between weir plate 1 and tray outlet, forms column plate overfall 3, does not have downflow weir in the place that gets into column plate overfall 3.This structure can guarantee that under any operating gas velocity the free overflow of liquid gets into downspout; Can not resemble conventional weir flow is stopped the generation rebounce; Therefore can make the wave energy of fluid pulse formula obtain discharging, effectively improve the enlarge-effect problem of tray designs.When low gas velocity is operated, can avoid the generation of covibration, so not only can reduce the mechanical failure of equipment; Can also reduce the thiophene point gas speed of choking greatly; Widen the operation lower limit, increase the stability of operation, elastic range can increase by 5～15%; And weir plate 1 can also make on the column plate and to keep certain height of liquid layer, guaranteed abundant contact mass transfer and the mass-transfer efficiency of efficient stable between vapour-liquid mutually.
(2) liquid measure of this configuration can be distributed according to the height of weir of weir plate 1 and the area of column plate overfall 3.Operation liquid measure on column plate hour; Flow directly gets into downspout from column plate overfall 3; Weir impelling process more do not occur, therefore can not form the liquid curtain and block the downspout mouth, in downspout, form air pocket, can better satisfy the downspout space availability ratio in weir plate 1 back.When liquid measure was big, liquid began overflow from the weir plate 1, promptly the flow on the column plate from weir plate 1 and column plate overfall 3 be divided into two plumes and go into downspout.This structure can be controlled the liquid flowing strength of downspout inlet, and promptly liquid head height on the weir increases disposal ability, and can effectively alleviate the fluctuation of the tower plate operation that causes because of liquid head height on the weir; In addition, two bursts of flows interact in downspout, can destroy the air pocket that forms in the downspout, help gas-entrained effusion.
(3) owing to earial drainage before the weir; Can reduce the liquid bounce-back that produces owing to stopping of weir on the column plate; Make the flow on the column plate be evenly distributed, the flow constriction coefficient of tray outlet more levels off to 1, and flow more trends towards the laminar flow motion; The arc delay and the back-mixing district of column plate both sides also improve, and help to improve mass-transfer efficiency.
(4) weir plate 1 lower end length range can be controlled liquid distribution ratio with the liquid flowing strength free adjustment, strengthens the interaction of liquid in the downspout, and convection cell can produce directed disturbance, helps effusion gas-entrained in the liquid.
(5) can load according to tower diameter and the vapour-liquid in the device; Select the shape (like chord-type weir or profile of tooth weir etc.) of weir plate 1, can adjust flow direction and flow distribution on the column plate thus, make liquid holding zone and back-mixing be eased or eliminate; Promote the uniformity that flow distributes, improve the vapour-liquid contact.
(6) on the weir plate 1 according to the mechanical strength of system rerum natura (viscosity, surface tension) and column plate; Can establish rectangle cylindrical void or the horizontal a plurality of circular holes or the slice opening 4 of strip slot of one or more arranged verticals; Can partially liq be unloaded stream from perforate, increase the stability of operation.
(7) of the present invention simple in structure; It is convenient to implement; Flexible design does not need other tower internals are done any change to the transformation that has common downspout now, can choose corresponding construction according to characteristics such as equipment scale, operational load, system foaming characteristics; Can improve column plate and downspout operational stability through separating liquid, be applicable to various liquid loads.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is conventional weir forms air pocket in downspout a sketch map
Fig. 2 is conventional weir forms liquid bounce-back district and is detained the back-mixing district on column plate a sketch map.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation (front view) of the present invention in tower.(a) the weir plate lower edge is concordant with column plate, and (b) the weir plate lower edge is lower than column plate.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation (vertical view) of the present invention in tower, and the column plate overfall is that a strip hole (b) column plate overfall is a plurality of strip hole parallel arranged.
Fig. 5 is the upper limb shape sketch map of cantilevered weir plate of the present invention.(a) flat mouthful upper limb, (b) profile of tooth upper limb, (c) arc upper limb, (d) arc upper limb.
Fig. 6 is the shape sketch map of cantilevered weir plate of the present invention.(a) flat board, (b) arc, (c) cambered plate.
Fig. 7 is the sketch map of weir plate perforate of the present invention.(a) circular hole, (b) slot.
Fig. 8 promotes the schematic diagram of vapor-liquid separation in the downspout for the present invention.(a) low consumption of the liquid, (b) big liquid measure.
Fig. 9 is the high experimental data of liquid layer on discharge coefficient of the present invention, mechanical power loss and the column plate.
Figure 10 is column plate that adopts conventional weir and the column plate flow field time of staying distribution map that adopts cantilever of the present invention weir.(a) conventional downflow weir, (b) cantilever downflow weir.
Figure 11 contrasts for adopting the column plate of the present invention and the efficient of the column plate that adopts conventional downflow weir.
(a) low liquid flowing strength, (b) high liquid flowing strength.
The specific embodiment
The present invention relates to a kind of cantilever type overflow weir; Consult Fig. 3 and shown in Figure 4, comprise weir plate 1, cantilever 2, column plate overfall 3 and slice opening 4, between weir plate 1 and tray outlet, have bar shaped column plate overfall 3; Weir plate 1 links to each other with cantilever 2 and extend in the downspout, has slice opening 4 on the weir plate 1.
As shown in Figure 3, the lower edge of weir plate 1 is concordant with column plate or be lower than column plate, and weir plate height and liquid flowing strength, operating pressure are relevant with the disposal ability upper limit.The upper limb shape of weir plate 1 can be for straight, also can be arc, trapezoidal, profile of tooth or other non-straight structure, and configuration is as shown in Figure 5.The weir of weir plate 1 itself can be straight plate, also can be arc, arc or other non-straight plate structure, and configuration is as shown in Figure 5.
Compare with conventional weir, weir plate 1 of the present invention links to each other with cantilever 2 and extend in the downspout, between weir plate 1 and tray outlet, forms column plate overfall 3, does not have downflow weir in the place that gets into column plate overfall 3.This structure can guarantee that under any operating gas velocity the free overflow of liquid gets into downspout; Can not resemble conventional weir flow is stopped the generation rebounce; Therefore can make the wave energy of fluid pulse formula obtain discharging, effectively improve the enlarge-effect problem of tray designs.When low gas velocity is operated, can avoid the generation of covibration, so not only can reduce the mechanical failure of equipment; Can also reduce the thiophene point gas speed of choking greatly; Widen the operation lower limit, increase the stability of operation, elastic range can increase by 5～15%; And weir plate 1 can also make on the column plate and to keep certain height of liquid layer, guaranteed abundant contact mass transfer and the mass-transfer efficiency of efficient stable between vapour-liquid mutually.
The liquid measure of this configuration can be distributed according to the height of weir of weir plate 1 and the area of column plate overfall 3.Operation liquid measure on column plate hour; Flow directly gets into downspout from column plate overfall 3; Weir impelling process more do not occur, therefore can not block the downspout mouth, in downspout, form air pocket, can better satisfy the downspout space availability ratio at formation liquid curtain behind the weir plate.When liquid measure was big, liquid began overflow from the weir plate 1, promptly the flow on the column plate from weir plate 1 and the column plate overfall be divided into two plumes and go into downspout.This structure can be controlled the liquid flowing strength of downspout inlet, and promptly liquid head height on the weir increases disposal ability, and can effectively alleviate the fluctuation of the tower plate operation that causes because of liquid head height on the weir; In addition, two bursts of flows interact in downspout, can destroy the air pocket that forms in the downspout, help gas-entrained effusion, and its operation principle can be consulted Fig. 8.The experimental data that the high relation of liquid layer can be consulted Fig. 9 on the discharge coefficient of the flow through the column plate overfall and drag losses and the plate can concern the physical dimension of design column plate overfall in view of the above.
Because earial drainage before the weir; Can reduce the liquid bounce-back that produces owing to stopping of weir on the column plate; Make the flow on the column plate be evenly distributed, the flow constriction coefficient of tray outlet more is becoming tight in 1, and flow more trends towards the laminar flow motion; The arc delay and the back-mixing district of column plate both sides also improve, and help to improve mass-transfer efficiency.
For effect of the present invention is described, the flow field time of staying distribution of column plate that adopts conventional weir and the column plate that adopts cantilever of the present invention weir to be tested, experimental result can be referring to Figure 10.Can know that by Figure 10 the cantilever weir improves significantly to column plate flow field tool.Figure 11 contrasts for adopting the column plate of the present invention and the efficient of the column plate that adopts conventional downflow weir, can be known that by Figure 11 the cantilever weir is to plate efficiency, and particularly the plate efficiency tool of operation has a better role under low gas velocity, and operating flexibility is improved.
Overflow baffle lower end length range is regulated with liquid flowing strength, can control liquid distribution ratio, strengthens the interaction of liquid in the downspout, and convection cell can produce directed disturbance, helps effusion gas-entrained in the liquid.
Can load according to tower diameter and the vapour-liquid in the device; Select the shape (like chord-type weir or profile of tooth weir etc.) of weir plate 1, can adjust flow direction and flow distribution on the column plate thus, make liquid holding zone and back-mixing be eased or eliminate; Promote the uniformity that flow distributes, improve the vapour-liquid contact.
According to the mechanical strength of system rerum natura (viscosity, surface tension) and column plate, be provided with circular hole or slot on the weir plate 1, can partially liq be unloaded stream from opening, increase the stability of operation as slice opening 4.
Of the present invention simple in structure; It is convenient to implement; Flexible design does not need other tower internals are done any change to the transformation that has common downspout now, can choose corresponding construction according to characteristics such as equipment scale, operational load, system foaming characteristics; Can improve column plate and downspout operational stability through separating liquid, be applicable to various liquid loads.
Claims (7)
1. cantilever type overflow weir; It is characterized in that: weir plate (1) is set in downspout; Weir plate (1) interconnects through cantilever (2) and column plate, and in the space between weir plate (1) and tray outlet, the space between a plurality of cantilevers (2) has just constituted column plate overfall (3); Column plate overfall (3) is a plurality of bar shaped slotted hole parallel arranged; Slice opening (4) is set on the weir plate (1), and the slice opening (4) on the weir plate (1) is circular hole or strip slot.
2. cantilever type overflow weir according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the lower edge of said weir plate (1) is concordant with column plate or be lower than column plate.
3. according to any described cantilever type overflow weir of claim 1-2, it is characterized in that: the upper limb of weir plate (1) is shaped as flat shape, arc, trapezoidal, profile of tooth or other non-straight shape.
4. according to any described cantilever type overflow weir of claim 1-2, it is characterized in that: the weir of weir plate (1) is originally as straight plate, arc, arc or other non-straight plate structure.
5. cantilever type overflow weir according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the width range of column plate overfall (3) is 2～50mm.
6. according to claim 1 or 5 described cantilever type overflow weirs, it is characterized in that: the length range of column plate overfall (3) is 100～500mm.
7. a plate column is characterized in that: in plate column, be provided with the described cantilever type overflow weir like one of claim 1-6.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009102420783A CN101721827B (en) | 2009-12-03 | 2009-12-03 | Cantilever type overflow weir |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009102420783A CN101721827B (en) | 2009-12-03 | 2009-12-03 | Cantilever type overflow weir |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN101721827A CN101721827A (en) | 2010-06-09 |
| CN101721827B true CN101721827B (en) | 2012-02-29 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103691143B (en) * | 2014-01-08 | 2019-06-18 | 河北化大科技有限公司 | A kind of gas-liquid guide column plate |
| CN108452641A (en) * | 2018-03-29 | 2018-08-28 | 杭州众盛新科技有限公司 | Ellipse head sieve pore cap plate tower |
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