CN101720137A - Parallel simulation method of wireless sensor networks - Google Patents
Parallel simulation method of wireless sensor networks Download PDFInfo
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- CN101720137A CN101720137A CN200910210938A CN200910210938A CN101720137A CN 101720137 A CN101720137 A CN 101720137A CN 200910210938 A CN200910210938 A CN 200910210938A CN 200910210938 A CN200910210938 A CN 200910210938A CN 101720137 A CN101720137 A CN 101720137A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a parallel simulation method of wireless sensor networks, comprising fine-grained simulation of nodes and parallel simulation of wireless networks. The fine-grained simulation of the nodes comprises singlechip simulation, communication module simulation and sensor module simulation. Parallel simulation of wireless networks comprises mapping of the nodes to cluster systems, communication of the nodes with the node communication module and wireless channel simulation. The beneficial effects of the invention are that: parallel simulation of wireless sensor networks can enable the original multi-stage simulation of the wireless sensor networks to be simplified into a single unified process, and the original stand-alone serial simulation of the wireless sensor networks to become a multi-machine parallel efficient simulation, thus improving the wireless sensor design, verification, and simulation efficiency from two aspects.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates generally to the radio sensing network field, relates in particular to a kind of parallel simulation method of wireless sensor networks.
Background technology
Wireless sensor network (wireless sensor network) is formed by being deployed in microsensor nodes a large amount of in the monitored area, the network system of the self-organizing of an oriented mission that forms by communication, its objective is perception collaboratively, collection and handle the interior target information of network's coverage area, and control or send to the observer.Wireless sensor network is in Industry Control, traffic monitoring, and warehouse logistics, many aspects such as environment and structures monitoring and rescue and relief work have a wide range of applications.
In the prior art, to obtain the target information in the network's coverage area accurately, wireless sensor network is made up of thousands of even up to ten thousand nodes usually, this has proposed very high requirement to relevant technology and technological level, and method of emulation carries out so the design of wireless sensor network and checking typically use.
In implementing process of the present invention, the inventor finds that the design of wireless sensor network and the present simulation software of checking use (as NS2, OMNET) carry out emulation and have following problem at least.At first, normally to the general simulator of computer network, versatility has caused this class software only to pay close attention to the emulation of protocol level usually, and can't carry out the emulation of fine granularity (as bit-level) in existing simulation software; Simultaneously, because each simulation software all uses each self-defining language to be described, after using the simulation software checking, the designer must develop the node corresponding program again.Secondly, wireless sensor network is a distributed system, and each node all is parallel running, and the simulated program that moves on unit is the serial execution.The program of use serial is very low to the simulation efficiency of parallel system, although the operating frequency of the process chip that node uses is very low, but when the interstitial content as many as is thousands of, the emulation of serial often needs very large amount of calculation, therefore can expend a large amount of time, or even can't finish.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of wireless sensor network parallel artificial, simulation software of the prior art can't carry out fine granularity emulation and the unit serial causes the low problem of operating efficiency to solve.
A kind of parallel simulation method of wireless sensor networks, comprise the fine granularity emulation of node and the parallel artificial of wireless network, the fine granularity emulation of node is to be made of the emulation of the emulation of single-chip microcomputer, communication module and the emulation of sensor assembly, the emulation of single-chip microcomputer is to use the realization of software approach to the single-chip microcomputer instruction set, it can read in the HEX file, then it is carried out emulation and carries out.
The emulation mode of described single-chip microcomputer may further comprise the steps:
1, initialization: the initialization directive array, be written into HEX file, initialization register group, initialization directive pointer IP, stack pointer SP;
2, instruction fetch: according to the instruction fetch from the instruction array of IP pointer;
3, instruction decoding: according to form, decision instruction type, the fetch operand of condition code decision instruction;
4, instruction is carried out: the operand execution command that obtains according to instruction type and instruction decoding, also memory access as required, with the result writes back, modify instruction is relevant register;
The sequential loop of above-mentioned instruction fetch, decoding, execution command is carried out and is crossed the border up to instruction pointer.
The pin of single-chip microcomputer provides the bridge of itself and peripheral communication, must provide reasonable mechanism to guarantee the data consistency of itself and peripheral hardware in emulation.When realizing, its all pin package can be header file independently, and all ports all are defined as the integer pointer.When peripheral hardware connects, quote this header file, define pointer then, and establish the pointer value that its value is the corresponding pin correspondence of single-chip microcomputer, so just finished being connected of single-chip microcomputer and peripheral hardware.
The transmission that described communication module is responsible for data receives, and it sends it then from the bit stream that single-chip microcomputer obtains data by wireless channel, and receiving course is so opposite.By the top emulation mode that pin is connected, communication module can be communicated with single-chip microcomputer, mainly be responsible for finishing two tasks during emulation: the read-write of internal register and the transmitting-receiving of data.
The read-write of internal register is mainly the interface that single-chip microcomputer provides accessing communication inside modules register variable, promptly according to the value of parameter setting internal register variable with return the value of internal register.
Transmitting-receiving to data is the groundwork of communication module, and communication module connects single-chip microcomputer and wireless channel as bridge, and is as follows to the process of transmitting of data:
1,, puts inner register according to the parameter of singlechip emulator function passes;
2, change the value of corresponding pin;
3 if synchronous mode calls the wireless network emulation module corresponding function sends, otherwise the transmission task is added formation.
Receiving course to receipt is as follows:
1, according to the parameter of radio channel emulator function passes, puts internal register;
2, change the value of corresponding pin.
The emulation of described sensor assembly can be used the discrete events simulation method, according to the experiment needs, produces the time series of the sensor values with certain distribution.During emulation, sensor assembly sends predetermined sensor numerical value according to time series to port.
Because wireless sensor network is a parallel system, therefore could improve the efficient of emulation to its emulation that walks abreast.The parallel artificial of wireless network be responsible for its with node between communicate by letter and finish communication between the node.
The wireless network parallel simulation method comprise node to the mapping of group system, with the communicating by letter and wireless channel simulation three parts of node communication module;
Described node is in the mapping of group system, and how allocating task is the key issue that parallel computation will solve, and adopts the mode of grid it to be mapped on the clustered node according to the geography information of node.
Described mainly is the transmission of data with communicating by letter of node communication module, and divided data sends and accept two parts:
Data send: the data that are ready for sending; Can receive the node number of this broadcast data according to wireless channel simulation method, calculating; Set up the multi-casting communication territory; In the multi-casting communication territory, broadcast.
Data Receiving: for the data that broadcasting is received, the function that the calling communication module provides is revised the value of relevant register.
Wireless channel is a broadcast channel, near the sending node node all might receive, realize the emulation that walks abreast, can use the method that multicast is carried out in the bit step-by-step that sends, can receive the node of multicast respectively according to following Model Calculation, set up communication domain then, in this communication domain, broadcast.
Judging which node can receive the content of broadcasting, is by judging whether the recipient realizes greater than certain threshold value, and received power P
rThen use the free space model to determine:
Wherein, P
tBe signal transmitting power, G
t, G
rBe respectively sender and recipient's antenna gain, L is a system energy loss, and λ represents wavelength, and μ represents the signal attenuation coefficient.When realizing, get G usually
t=G
r=L=1.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: parallel simulation method of wireless sensor networks can make the emulation of wireless sensor network, be reduced to a unified process (fine granularity emulation) by the original multistage (at first using universal emulator to carry out emulation, specific implementation then); By original unit serial emulation, strengthen and be the parallel emulation efficiently of multimachine.Improved the efficient of design, checking and the emulation of wireless senser from two aspects.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the method for the described wireless sensor network parallel artificial of the specific embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is that the method transducer of the described wireless sensor network parallel artificial of the specific embodiment of the invention is distributed in the mapping on the cluster.
Embodiment
For making the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with specific implementation process and the result of the present invention in wireless sensor network, and with reference to accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in more detail.
As shown in Figure 1, the described a kind of parallel simulation method of wireless sensor networks of the embodiment of the invention, comprise the fine granularity emulation of node and the parallel artificial of wireless network, the fine granularity emulation of node is to be made of the emulation of the emulation of single-chip microcomputer, communication module and the emulation of sensor assembly, the emulation of single-chip microcomputer is to use the realization of software approach to the single-chip microcomputer instruction set, it can read in the HEX file, then it is carried out emulation and carries out.
The emulation mode of described single-chip microcomputer may further comprise the steps:
1, initialization: the initialization directive array, be written into HEX file, initialization register group, initialization directive pointer IP, stack pointer SP;
2, instruction fetch: according to the instruction fetch from the instruction array of IP pointer;
3, instruction decoding: according to form, decision instruction type, the fetch operand of condition code decision instruction;
4, instruction is carried out: the operand execution command that obtains according to instruction type and instruction decoding, also memory access as required, with the result writes back, modify instruction is relevant register;
The sequential loop of above-mentioned instruction fetch, decoding, execution command is carried out and is crossed the border up to instruction pointer.
The pin of single-chip microcomputer provides the bridge of itself and peripheral communication, must provide reasonable mechanism to guarantee the data consistency of itself and peripheral hardware in emulation.When realizing, its all pin package can be header file independently, and all ports all are defined as the integer pointer.When peripheral hardware connects, quote this header file, define pointer then, and establish the pointer value that its value is the corresponding pin correspondence of single-chip microcomputer, so just finished being connected of single-chip microcomputer and peripheral hardware.
The transmission that described communication module is responsible for data receives, and it sends it then from the bit stream that single-chip microcomputer obtains data by wireless channel, and receiving course is so opposite.By the top emulation mode that pin is connected, communication module can be communicated with single-chip microcomputer, mainly be responsible for finishing two tasks during emulation: the read-write of internal register and the transmitting-receiving of data.
The read-write of internal register is mainly the interface that single-chip microcomputer provides accessing communication inside modules register variable, promptly according to the value of parameter setting internal register variable with return the value of internal register.
Transmitting-receiving to data is the groundwork of communication module, and communication module connects single-chip microcomputer and wireless channel as bridge, and is as follows to the process of transmitting of data:
1,, puts inner register according to the parameter of one-chip machine simulation function passes;
2, change the value of corresponding pin;
3 if synchronous mode calls the wireless network emulation module corresponding function sends, otherwise the transmission task is added formation.
Receiving course to receipt is as follows:
1, according to the parameter of wireless channel simulation function passes, puts internal register;
2, change the value of corresponding pin.
The emulation of described sensor assembly can be used the discrete events simulation method, according to the experiment needs, produces the time series of the sensor values with certain distribution.During emulation, sensor assembly sends predetermined sensor numerical value according to time series to port.
Therefore the wireless network parallel simulation method could improve the efficient of emulation to its emulation that walks abreast because wireless sensor network is a parallel system.The wireless network parallel simulation program operates on the group system as shown in Figure 2, and the mode by two-dimensional grid is mapped on the physical region, and all the node simulated programs in certain grid all operate on the server at this grid place.The parallel artificial of wireless network be responsible for its with node between communicate by letter and finish communication between the node.
The wireless network parallel simulation method comprise node to the mapping of group system, with the communicating by letter and wireless channel simulation three parts of node communication module;
Described node is in the mapping of group system, and how allocating task is the key issue that parallel computation will solve, and adopts the mode of grid it to be mapped on the clustered node according to the geography information of node.As shown in Figure 2, the geographic area is divided into the capable n row of a m grid according to the number of clustered node, then the position be (x, node y) are mapped to the clustered node sequence number and are:
Wherein, l is the length in zone, and w is the width in zone.
Described mainly is the transmission of data with communicating by letter of node communication module, and divided data sends and accept two parts:
Data send: the data that are ready for sending; Can receive the node number that changes broadcast data according to wireless channel simulation method, calculating; Set up the multi-casting communication territory; In the multi-casting communication territory, broadcast.
Data Receiving: for the data that broadcasting is received, the function that the calling communication module provides is revised the value of relevant register.
Wireless channel is a broadcast channel, near the sending node node all might receive, realize the emulation that walks abreast, can use the method that multicast is carried out in the bit step-by-step that sends, can receive the node of multicast respectively according to following Model Calculation, set up communication domain then, in this communication domain, broadcast.
Judging which node can receive the content of broadcasting, is by judging whether the recipient realizes greater than certain threshold value, and received power P
rThen use the free space model to determine:
Wherein, P
tBe signal transmitting power, G
t, G
rBe respectively sender and recipient's antenna gain, L is a system energy loss, and λ represents wavelength, and μ represents the signal attenuation coefficient.When realizing, get G usually
t=G
r=L=1.
Claims (6)
1. parallel simulation method of wireless sensor networks, it is characterized in that: comprise the fine granularity emulation of node and the parallel artificial of wireless network, the fine granularity emulation of node is to be made of the emulation of the emulation of single-chip microcomputer, communication module and the emulation of sensor assembly, the emulation of single-chip microcomputer is to use the realization of software approach to the single-chip microcomputer instruction set, it can read in the HEX file, then it is carried out emulation and carries out; The transmission that described communication module is responsible for data receives, and the emulation of described sensor assembly can be used the discrete events simulation method, according to the experiment needs, produces the time series of the sensor values with certain distribution;
The wireless network parallel simulation method comprise node to the mapping of group system, with the communicating by letter and wireless channel simulation three parts of node communication module; Described node is in the mapping of group system, and how allocating task is the key issue that parallel computation will solve, and adopts the mode of grid it to be mapped on the clustered node according to the geography information of node; Described mainly is the transmission of data with communicating by letter of node communication module, described wireless channel is a broadcast channel, near the sending node node all might receive, realize the emulation that walks abreast, can use the method that multicast is carried out in the bit step-by-step that sends, can receive the node of multicast respectively according to following Model Calculation, set up communication domain then, in this communication domain, broadcast.
2. parallel simulation method of wireless sensor networks according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described one-chip machine simulation method may further comprise the steps:
1), initialization: the initialization directive array, be written into HEX file, initialization register group, initialization directive pointer IP, stack pointer SP;
2), instruction fetch: according to the instruction fetch from the instruction array of IP pointer;
3), instruction decoding: according to form, decision instruction type, the fetch operand of condition code decision instruction;
4), instruction is carried out: the operand execution command that obtains according to instruction type and instruction decoding, also memory access as required, with the result writes back, modify instruction is relevant register;
The sequential loop of above-mentioned instruction fetch, decoding, execution command is carried out and is crossed the border up to instruction pointer.
3. parallel simulation method of wireless sensor networks according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described communication module connects single-chip microcomputer and wireless channel as bridge, and is as follows to the process of transmitting of data:
1), according to the parameter of singlechip emulator function passes, put inner register;
2), change the value of corresponding pin;
3) corresponding function sends if synchronous mode calls the wireless network emulation module, otherwise the transmission task is added formation.
Receiving course to receipt is as follows:
1), according to the parameter of radio channel emulator function passes, put internal register;
2), change the value of corresponding pin.
4. parallel simulation method of wireless sensor networks according to claim 1 is characterized in that: during sensor assembly emulation, sensor assembly sends predetermined sensor numerical value according to time series to port.
5. parallel simulation method of wireless sensor networks according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described and node communication module is divided into data and sends and accept two parts:
Data send: the data that are ready for sending; Can receive the node number of this broadcast data according to wireless channel simulation method, calculating; Set up the multi-casting communication territory; In the multi-casting communication territory, broadcast.
Data Receiving: for the data that broadcasting is received, the function that the calling communication module provides is revised the value of relevant register.
6. parallel simulation method of wireless sensor networks according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in the described wireless channel, judging which node can receive the content of broadcasting, is by judging whether the recipient realizes greater than certain threshold value, and received power P
rThen use the free space model to determine:
Wherein, P
tBe signal transmitting power, G
t, G
rBe respectively sender and recipient's antenna gain, L is a system energy loss, and λ represents wavelength, and μ represents the signal attenuation coefficient.When realizing, get G usually
t=G
r=L=1.
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| CN102307369A (en) * | 2011-09-13 | 2012-01-04 | 北京科技大学 | Device and method for supporting parallel simulation and physical simulation of wireless sensor network |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102307369A (en) * | 2011-09-13 | 2012-01-04 | 北京科技大学 | Device and method for supporting parallel simulation and physical simulation of wireless sensor network |
| CN102307369B (en) * | 2011-09-13 | 2013-11-27 | 北京科技大学 | Device and method for supporting parallel simulation and physical simulation of wireless sensor network |
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Application publication date: 20100602 |