CN101719368A - Method and device for directionally emitting sound wave with high sound intensity - Google Patents
Method and device for directionally emitting sound wave with high sound intensity Download PDFInfo
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- CN101719368A CN101719368A CN200910259812A CN200910259812A CN101719368A CN 101719368 A CN101719368 A CN 101719368A CN 200910259812 A CN200910259812 A CN 200910259812A CN 200910259812 A CN200910259812 A CN 200910259812A CN 101719368 A CN101719368 A CN 101719368A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method and a device for directionally emitting sound waves with high sound intensity. In the method, an array signal processing circuit is adopted to respectively drive multiple paths of loudspeaker arrays to realize remote directional transmission of the high sound intensity sound waves. Signal processing comprises three processing parts which are frequency division processing, frequency band pre-weighting processing and wave bundle forming processing. Firstly, broadband digital signals are decomposed into a plurality of sub frequency band signals through the frequency division processing; secondly, based on a psychoacoustic mold, each sub frequency band signal subjects to gain adjustment through the frequency band pre-weighting processing according to psychoacoustic parameters; and finally, the phase of input signals of each path of small array is adjusted through the wave bundle forming processing, and output sounds of each path are equidirectionally superposed at a far field position so as to enhance the directivity. In the device, the array signal processing circuit is adopted to respectively drive multiple paths of the loudspeaker arrays and an integral type piezoelectric ceramic transducer array so as to realize the remote and directional transmission of the high sound intensity sound waves.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to directed sound transmission technology, the method and the device thereof of the directed sound wave emissions of particularly a kind of high sound intensity.
Background technology
The directed sound transmission has a wide range of applications in actual life, and directed sound transmission technology is exactly that sound wave is transmitted in the mode of boundling, makes sound source have the technology of directive property exactly.For example, if the adjacent showcases in two in exhibition center use directional sound sources to carry out the showpiece introduction, their spectators separately just can hear the introduction of the showpiece of oneself being visited without interfering with each other so.But, in some occasion, not only need the sound wave can direction propagation, also need the sound wave can long-distance communications, be that sound source can be launched high strong sound wave, as: army and police drive occasions such as flock of birds with remote speech communication between long-range sound wave caution, compacting, marine ships, airport.
At present, the directive property that realizes sound wave in the closer distance scope generally adopts the parametric array technology, being about to audio sound modulates on the ultrasonic carrier, utilize ultrasound wave nonlinear interaction in the communication process in air, just can be next from demodulating the audio sound that modulation is got on, have good directive property because of ultrasonic again, thus just make also had directive property from demodulating the audio sound of coming, thus realize directed acoustic emission.But owing to be subjected to the restriction of the physical principle of ultrasound non-linear effect, the energy conversion efficiency of this method is very low, is difficult to realize the emission of high sound intensity sound wave, and its harmonic distortion simultaneously is also very serious.
This need combine directed sound transmission technology and remote sound transmission technology (being high-strength sound wave emissions technology), to satisfy current demand.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to, provide a kind of efficiently, the method and the device thereof of the directed sound wave emissions of high sound intensity easily, can realize the remote directed sound transmission, to satisfy in the social reality army and police with, various demands such as commercial, civilian.
By the acoustics ultimate principle as can be known, when the form that a plurality of sound sources is laid into array, its directive property can significantly improve than the directive property of single sound source, and by the direct transmitting audio frequency sound of loudspeaker, energy conversion efficiency is very high.Comprehensive above situation is considered, thereby the present invention takes to realize remote directional transmissions high sound intensity sound wave with the method for Array Signal Processing drives loudspeaker array.
For achieving the above object, the method for the directed sound wave emissions of a kind of high sound intensity of the present invention, this method adopts the Array Signal Processing circuit to drive the multichannel loudspeaker array respectively, and to realize remote directional transmissions high sound intensity sound wave, it may further comprise the steps:
1) at first, each road loudspeaker array is carried out training in advance to obtain the transport function of each road loudspeaker array;
2) by audio signal sample module 101 voice signal is converted into analog electrical signal, carries out A/D conversion back output audio digital signal again;
3) according to the transport function that obtains in the step 1), to step 2) audio digital signals of output carries out after the signal Processing branchs multichannel and exports;
4) respectively each road sound signal of output is amplified by some power amplifiers, and drive the multichannel loudspeaker array respectively, work alone mutually between each road loudspeaker array;
5) by the directional sound wave of multichannel loudspeaker array emission high sound intensity;
Wherein, the signal Processing in the described step 3) comprises: frequency division processing, the pre-weighted of frequency band and wave beam form handles three parts, at first, by the frequency division processing wideband digital signal is resolved into a plurality of sub-band signals; Then, based on psychoacoustic model, according to psychoacoustic parameter, by the pre-weighted of frequency band to the adjustment that gains of each sub-band signal; At last, form the phase of input signals that each little array in road is regulated in processing, make the output sound on each road superpose in the same way, to improve directive property in far-field position by wave beam.
As a kind of improvement of technique scheme, it is to adopt sub-band division method and band segmentation technology that wideband digital signal is resolved into a plurality of sub-band signals that described frequency division is handled; Described sub-band division method comprises: even sub-band division, octave sub-band division or Bark territory sub-band division; Described band segmentation technology is adopted the time-frequency domain switch technology, comprising: polyphase filter technology, Fourier techniques or MDCT technology in short-term.
A kind of improvement as technique scheme, the pre-weighted of described frequency band is based on psychoacoustic model, and according to people's ear to perception of sound characteristic and input signal characteristics, to the adjustment that gains of each sub-band signal, so that people's ear is the loudest at the sound that the target place hears.
As a kind of improvement of technique scheme, described wave beam formation is handled and is adopted time domain approach to realize, earlier with the sub-band signal synthesized wideband signal, exports then via wave filter realization amplitude modulation phase modulation again; Wherein, described wave filter can adopt infinite impulse response filter IIR, finite impulse response filter FIR or lattice mode filter, obtaining of filter coefficient can be adopted the adaptive inversion filtering algorithm, comprising: least mean square algorithm LMS, recursive least squares or quick affine projection algorithm FAP.
A kind of improvement as technique scheme, described wave beam forms to handle and adopts frequency domain method to realize, can adopt the method for frequency sweep analysis or maximum length sequence to measure the frequency response of corresponding each the road loudspeaker array of each passage earlier, by the DSP module each band signal is carried out phase modulation according to frequency response again, at last each band signal is synthesized the input signal that obtains each road.
For realizing another object of the present invention, the present invention also provides the device of the directed sound wave emissions of a kind of high sound intensity, it is characterized in that, this device adopts the Array Signal Processing circuit to drive the multichannel loudspeaker array respectively, to realize remote directional transmissions high sound intensity sound wave, specifically comprise:
One audio signal sample module 101 is used to obtain the audio frequency simulation electric signal that needs are launched;
One A/D modular converter 102 is used for the audio frequency simulation electric signal that described audio signal sample module 101 obtains is converted into audio digital signals by simulating signal;
One signal processing module 103, input end is connected with the output terminal of described A/D modular converter 102, is used for the signal of needs emission is handled to realize remote directional transmissions;
One power amplifier group 104 is connected respectively with the multichannel output of described signal processing module 103, is used for power amplification to drive loudspeaker array;
Wherein, described signal processing module 103 comprises: frequency division processing unit, the pre-weighting processing unit of frequency band and wave beam form processing unit three parts, and described frequency division processing unit is used for wideband digital signal is resolved into a plurality of sub-band signals; The pre-weighting processing unit of described frequency band is used for based on psychoacoustic model, according to psychoacoustic parameter, to the adjustment that gains of each sub-band signal; Described wave beam forms processing unit, and the phase of input signals that is used to regulate each little array in road makes the output sound on each road superpose in the same way in far-field position, to improve directive property.
As a kind of improvement of technique scheme, described multichannel loudspeaker array can be big loudspeaker array to be segmented by region be several little arrays, and each little array forms one road loudspeaker array, and an input end is arranged.
As a kind of improvement of technique scheme, described audio signal sample module 101 comprises a microphone 701 and a control/storage unit 702.
As a kind of improvement of technique scheme, described audio signal sample module 101 and A/D modular converter 102 can be MP3, computer audio frequency delivery outlet or recording pen.
As a kind of improvement of technique scheme, described loudspeaker array comprises: moving-coil speaker array, hummer array, piezoelectric ceramic transducer array or piezoelectric membrane array.
As a kind of improvement of technique scheme, described loudspeaker array adopts integrated piezoelectric ceramic transducer array;
Described integrated piezoelectric ceramic transducer array comprises: the preceding cellular board 201 and the back cellular board 202 that are provided with some holes accordingly, cellular board 201 and back cellular board 202 stack fixing up and down before described, form some honeycomb holes, a ccontaining piezoelectric ceramic transducer in each honeycomb hole;
Described piezoelectric ceramic transducer from top to bottom is fixed with sound radiation substrate 204, electrode base sheet 205, piezoelectric ceramic piece 206 successively, and this piezoelectric ceramic transducer embeds in the formed space of hole indent of hole with respect to preceding cellular board 201 of back cellular board 202 by two packing washer 203 one that are arranged on sound radiation substrate 204 upper and lower surfaces; Wherein, described electrode base sheet 205 and piezoelectric ceramic piece 206 are connected the electrode connecting pin that is positioned at the piezoelectric ceramic transducer below respectively to an end of 207, and this electrode connecting pin inserts in the jack of printed circuit board (PCB) 208 207 the other end;
Described printed circuit board (PCB) 208 clips are combined on the cellular board, and the electrode connecting pin on it connects up respectively to 207 multichannels and forms integrated piezoelectric ceramic transducer array; Wherein, each road piezoelectric ceramic transducer is by the little array of parallel connection formation of the piezoelectric ceramic transducer in some honeycomb holes, this little array has two lines, single line connects all electrode base sheets 205 in the little array of this road piezoelectric ceramic transducer, and single line connects all piezoelectric ceramic pieces 206 in the little array of this road piezoelectric ceramic transducer in addition.
As a kind of improvement of technique scheme, described before cellular board 201 and back cellular board 202 adopt corrosion-resistant, flexible, high-intensity material to make, can select stainless steel, aluminium alloy or nylon for use.
As a kind of improvement of technique scheme, the honeycomb hole on the described preceding cellular board 201 can be straight tubular, taper or horn type.
As a kind of improvement of technique scheme, described packing washer 203 is a rubber ring, and the thickness sum of two packing washers is slightly larger than the thickness of back cellular board 202.Like this, the thickness of cellular board 202 was fixed the sound radiation substrate 204 that clips between two packing washers after two packing washers were squeezed to by preceding cellular board 201 and PCB printed circuit board (PCB) 208, played the effect of sealing simultaneously again.
As a kind of improvement of technique scheme, described sound radiation substrate 204 adopts material flexible, flexible to make, and comprising: thin nylon6 chips or thin plastic sheet.
As a kind of improvement of technique scheme, described electrode base sheet 205 is a conducting metal or alloy sheet.
As a kind of improvement of technique scheme, the one side that described piezoelectric ceramic piece 206 does not contact with electrode base sheet 205 is done the plating conducting metal and is handled, and described conducting metal comprises: silver.
As a kind of improvement of technique scheme, described power amplifier group 104 can select to comprise category-A, category-B, AB class or D power-like amplifier composition; If select D class power amplifier for use, just directly connect between signal processing module 103 and the power amplifier group 104; If select category-A, category-B or AB class power amplifier for use, then also need adjunction one D/A modular converter 901 between signal processing module 103 and the power amplifier group 104.
The invention has the advantages that: thus method and apparatus of the present invention is realized remote directional transmissions high sound intensity sound wave by Array Signal Processing drives loudspeaker array.
The present invention realizes that on engineering this method then has some particular design.Because conventional loudspeaker (is a moving-coil speaker, claiming loudspeaker again) the big quality of volume is big, the sound source number that can lay in certain array area is less, so the array directive property of forming is restricted, and this array power consumption is very big, build is heavy, use is inconvenient.The present invention has designed a kind of all-in-one-piece piezoelectric transducer array with replacement conventional loudspeakers array especially according to the piezo-electric ceramic sounding principle, thereby and provides a whole set of device that comprises signal processing module in fact to realize remote directional transmissions high sound intensity sound wave from engineering.
Compare with the conventional loudspeakers array, the device volume among the present invention is little, in light weight, efficient is high, easy to use, directive property is better.Compare with parametric array, the method and apparatus among the present invention has been realized emission, the energy conversion efficiency height of high sound intensity sound wave.Simultaneously, the device among the present invention has been considered the use under the rugged surroundings when designing, and has carried out Seal Design and anticorrosion selection, can tackle marine rugged surroundings, and range of application is more extensive.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 represents the schematic diagram of the inventive method flow process and apparatus structure;
Fig. 2 represents the structural representation of integrated piezoelectric ceramic transducer array of the present invention;
Fig. 3 represents the decomposition texture diagrammatic cross-section of single honeycomb hole unit in the integrated piezoelectric ceramic transducer array of the present invention;
Fig. 4 represents the unitized construction diagrammatic cross-section of single honeycomb hole unit in the integrated piezoelectric ceramic transducer array of the present invention;
The diagrammatic cross-section of the selectable several shapes in single honeycomb hole unit of cellular board 201 before Fig. 5 represents in the integrated piezoelectric ceramic transducer array of the present invention;
Wherein, Fig. 5 a is the section of straight tubular honeycomb hole; Fig. 5 b is the section of taper honeycomb hole; Fig. 5 c is the section of horn type honeycomb hole;
Fig. 6 represents the schematic flow sheet of the signal Processing in the method for the present invention;
Fig. 7 represents the structural representation of signal acquisition module 101;
Fig. 8 represents the structural representation of signal processing module 103;
Fig. 9 represents that power amplifier group 104 selects under the situation of category-A, category-B or AB class the synoptic diagram of the corresponding change of making of device of the present invention for use;
Structural representation when Figure 10 represents wave beam formation processing module 803 employing time domain implementation methods;
Structural representation when Figure 11 represents wave beam formation processing module 803 employing frequency domain implementation methods.
The accompanying drawing sign
101, audio signal sample module 102, A/D modular converter 103, signal processing module
104, power amplifier group 105, piezoelectric type array
201, preceding cellular board 202, back cellular board 203, packing washer
204, sound radiation substrate 205, electrode base sheet 206, piezoelectric ceramic piece
207, the electrode connecting pin to 208, the PCB printed circuit board
701, microphone 702, control/storage unit
801, frequency division processing unit 802, the pre-weighting processing unit of frequency band
803, wave beam forms processing unit
901, D/A modular converter
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail:
The present invention utilizes the sound source array can obtain the more principle of highly directive, and cooperating Array Signal Processing is beam-forming technology, thereby realizes the remote directional transmissions of audio sound.
Introduce earlier the method for the directed sound wave emissions of a kind of high sound intensity provided by the invention in detail.This method need be carried out training in advance to system, and to obtain the transport function of loudspeaker array, the parameter when giving over to signal Processing is selected foundation.For a person skilled in the art, the method for this training in advance is the conventional method of signal Processing, therefore no longer is described in detail.
The method of the directed sound wave emissions of a kind of high sound intensity as shown in Figure 1, comprises the steps:
1) each road of multichannel loudspeaker array is carried out training in advance respectively to obtain its transport function separately;
2) audio frequency acquiring signal and carry out A/D conversion;
3), based on psychoacoustic model,, sound signal is carried out signal Processing, and divide multichannel output in conjunction with beam-forming technology according to the transport function that obtains in the step 1);
4) respectively the sound signal through signal Processing is amplified by a plurality of power amplifiers, and drive loudspeaker array;
5) directional sound wave of loudspeaker array emission high sound intensity.
In technique scheme, the described multichannel loudspeaker array of step 1) is meant big array segmented by region and is that several little arrays, each little array are called one the tunnel and an input end is arranged, and work alone between each road.
In technique scheme, step 2) described audio signal sample is meant by microphone voice signal is converted into analog electrical signal, is transformed by A/D analog electrical signal is converted into digital signal.
In technique scheme, further, step 2) the final digital signal that obtains also can be provided by the device that MP3, computer audio frequency delivery outlet, recording pen etc. can directly be exported digital audio signal in.
In technique scheme, the described signal Processing of step 3) comprises that frequency division processing, the pre-weighted of frequency band and wave beam form processing three parts and form, as shown in Figure 6.Wherein the frequency division processing is that wideband digital signal is resolved into a plurality of sub-band signals.The pre-weighting of frequency band is based on psychoacoustic model, according to psychoacoustic parameters such as loudness level curves to the adjustment that gains of each sub-band signal.Wave beam forms and handles is the phase of input signals that is used for regulating each little array in road, makes the output sound on each road superpose in the same way in far-field position, improves directive property.
In technique scheme, the power amplifier in the step 4) can select to comprise all kinds power amplifier of category-A, category-B, AB class, D class.If select D class power amplifier for use,, just directly connect between signal processing module 103 and the power amplifier group 104 as Fig. 1; If select category-A, category-B or AB class power amplifier for use,, then also need adjunction one D/A modular converter between signal processing module 103 and the power amplifier group 104 as Fig. 9.
In technique scheme, loudspeaker array described in the step 5) comprises moving-coil speaker array (being trumpet array), hummer array, piezoelectric ceramic transducer array, piezoelectric membrane array.
The device of the directed sound wave emissions of a kind of high sound intensity as shown in Figure 1, comprising:
One audio signal sample module 101 is used to obtain the sound signal that needs are launched.
One A/D modular converter 102 is used for the sound signal that described audio signal sample module 101 obtains is converted into digital signal by simulating signal.
One signal processing module 103, input end is connected with the output terminal of described A/D modular converter 102, is used for the signal of needs emission is handled to realize remote directional transmissions.
One power amplifier group 104 is connected with the multichannel output of described signal processing module 103, is used for power amplification to drive loudspeaker array.
One piezoelectric type array 105 is used for final acoustic emission.
In technique scheme, as shown in Figure 7, audio signal sample module 101 is made up of a microphone 701 and a control/storage unit 702.
Further, described audio signal sample module 101 and A/D modular converter 102 can be replaced by the device that MP3, computer audio frequency delivery outlet, recording pen etc. can directly be exported digital audio signal, and the input end of promptly described signal processing module 103 can be directly be connected with device that can the outputting digital audio signal.
In technique scheme, as shown in Figure 8, signal processing module 103 is made up of three parts, frequency division processing unit 801, and pre-weighting processing unit 802 of frequency band and wave beam form processing unit 803.
Further, the effect of described frequency division processing unit 801 is that wideband digital signal is resolved into a plurality of sub-band signals, and adoptable sub-band division method comprises: sub-band division methods commonly used such as even sub-band division, octave sub-band division, Bark territory sub-band division; Adoptable band segmentation technology comprises: polyphase filter technology, time-frequency domain switch technology such as Fourier techniques, MDCT technology in short-term.
Further, the effect of the pre-weighting processing unit 802 of described frequency band is, based on psychoacoustic model, according to people's ear to perception of sound characteristic (as the loudness level curve) and input signal characteristics, to the adjustment that gains of each sub-band signal, make people's ear the loudest at the sound that the target place hears.
Further, the effect that described wave beam forms processing unit 803 is the phase of input signals of regulating each little array in road, makes the output sound on each road superpose in the same way in far-field position, improves directive property.
Further, described wave beam formation processing unit 803 adoptable technological means comprise time domain approach and frequency domain method.The time domain implementation method earlier with the sub-band signal synthesized wideband signal, is exported via wave filter realization amplitude modulation phase modulation as shown in figure 10 more then.Its median filter can adopt Frequent Filters such as infinite impulse response filter IIR, finite impulse response filter FIR or lattice mode filter.The obtaining of filter coefficient can be adopted least mean square algorithm LMS, recursive least squares and adaptive inversion filtering algorithm commonly used such as affine projection algorithm FAP fast.The frequency domain implementation method as shown in figure 11, can adopt methods such as frequency sweep analysis, maximum length sequence to measure the frequency response of each passage (the little array in corresponding each road) earlier, by the DSP module each band signal is carried out phase modulation according to frequency response again, at last each band signal is synthesized the input signal that obtains each road.
In technique scheme, the structure of described piezoelectric type array 105 as shown in Figure 2.Described piezoelectric type array 105 by preceding cellular board 201, back cellular board 202, packing washer 203, sound radiation substrate 204, electrode base sheet 205, piezoelectric ceramic piece 206, electrode connecting pin to 207, PCB printed circuit board (PCB) 208 forms.Each honeycomb hole of cellular board 201 and back cellular board 202 all has a cover before corresponding: packing washer 203, sound radiation substrate 204, electrode base sheet 205, piezoelectric ceramic piece 206 and electrode connecting pin be to 207, only illustrated the cover on the central shaft among Fig. 2.
Further, Fig. 3 has illustrated the section of described piezoelectric type array 105 each ingredient.Wherein, Fig. 5 a is that the section 201 of straight tubular honeycomb hole, section 202, Fig. 5 c that Fig. 5 b is the taper honeycomb hole are the sections of horn type honeycomb hole.
Further, the section after Fig. 4 has illustrated 105 1 honeycomb holes of described piezoelectric type array to assemble.
Further, before described cellular board 201 and back cellular board 202 can select that stainless steel, aluminium alloy, nylon etc. are corrosion-resistant for use, flexible, high-intensity material.
Further, the honeycomb hole on the described preceding cellular board 201 can be straight tubular, taper, horn type.As shown in Figure 5, the section 502 of straight-cylindrical section 501, taper, the section 503 of horn type have been illustrated.
Further, described packing washer 203 is a rubber ring, corresponding two packing washers of each honeycomb hole, the thickness sum of two packing washers is slightly larger than the thickness of back cellular board 202, be squeezed to the thickness of back cellular board 202 by preceding cellular board 201 and PCB printed circuit board (PCB) 208, thereby fix the sound radiation substrate 204 that clips between two packing washers, play the effect of sealing simultaneously again.
Further, described sound radiation substrate 204 is a thin nylon6 chips or a thin plastic sheet, or material similarly flexible, flexible, with described electrode base sheet 205 gummeds.Described electrode base sheet 205 is a conducting metal or alloy sheet, and with described piezoelectric ceramic piece 206 gummeds, wherein piezoelectric ceramic piece 206 non-one sides with 205 gummeds are done silver-plated (or other conducting metals) processing.
Further, described electrode connecting pin is connected with piezoelectric ceramic piece 206 with electrode base sheet 205 respectively an end of 207, and the other end inserts jack and the welding on the PCB printed circuit board (PCB) 208.
Further, described PCB printed circuit board (PCB) 208 is little array of multichannel and wiring respectively by area dividing, there are two lines on each road, by the electrode connecting pin to 207 respectively with this zone, road in each honeycomb hole in electrode base sheet 205 be connected with piezoelectric ceramic piece 206, be that single line all connects the electrode base sheet 205 in this zone, single line all connects the piezoelectric ceramic piece 206 in this zone in addition, to realize all honeycomb hole parallel connections in this zone.The input end on each road is connected with power amplifier group 104 pairing each output terminal respectively.
The actual flow process of the method among the present invention is as shown in Figure 1: give signal processing module (as shown in Figure 6) after obtaining the sound signal that needs direction propagation, through delivering to power amplifier module after frequency division processing, the pre-weighted of frequency band and the wave beam formation processing, amplify after launch by loudspeaker array.
The design that focuses on signal Processing and loudspeaker array of this method.The mentality of designing of signal Processing is: according to transport function that training in advance obtains, based on psychoacoustic model, in conjunction with beam-forming technology, and divide multichannel output, thereby realize the directional transmissions of high sound intensity sound wave.Concrete implementation step is: broadband signal is divided into a plurality of sub-band signals; Based on psychoacoustic model, to the perception of sound characteristic, as loudness level curve (having characterized the susceptibility of people's ear), and the partial parameters of relevant amplitude in the transport function that obtains of training in advance, sub-band signal is carried out amplitude modulation to each Frequency point sound according to people's ear; To synthesize a broadband signal through the subband signal of amplitude modulation; The transport function of each little array in road of the corresponding loudspeaker array of the broadband signal after synthetic is carried out phase modulation, in the hope of output stack in the same way on the target location, far field of each little array in road; Multiple signals are launched directed high sound intensity sound wave through amplifying the rear drive array.The thinking of selecting for use of loudspeaker array is: the area of identical size the inside is as much as possible to lay that the output of array element, each unit is big as much as possible, energy consumption is low, light.Can use the various loudspeaker arrays that meet above-mentioned condition.
In addition, the present invention gives the device of the directed sound wave emissions of a kind of high sound intensity.As shown in Figure 1, this device comprises: an audio signal sample module 101, an A/D modular converter 102, a signal processing module 103, a power amplifier group 104, a piezoelectric type array 105.The function of each module is corresponding with described method, no longer repeated description.Of particular note, described piezoelectric type array is the integrated piezoelectric transducer array once particular design, have advantages such as the acoustic pressure in transmission level is high, energy consumption is low, the sensing angle is little, adaptation rugged surroundings, it is the core of this device, its structure such as Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and shown in Figure 4, by preceding cellular board 201 last, the back cellular board 202 under mode both are fixed together; With sound radiation substrate 204, electrode base sheet 205, piezoelectric ceramic piece 206 bond together in order do as a whole; Lay respectively at the mode of the both sides of sound radiation substrate 204 by two packing washers 203, bonding integral radiation sheet is put into the hole of cellular board, one of piezoelectric ceramic piece 206 faces up; Insert the hole position of PCB printed circuit boards 208 in to 207 the electrode connecting pin and weld; Be welded with the electrode connecting pin to 207 one face down that a PCB printed circuit board 208 is buckled on the cellular board and fixing.
Practical application of the present invention is extensive, can be used for: the periphery warning of army and police campsite, caution; Alert with dispersing illegal gathering crowd; Big assembly crowd's guiding is evacuated; The terrain object broadcasting of low flyer in limited range; Army and police warn, suppress with long-range sound wave; Remote speech communication between marine ships; The occasion that flock of birds etc. had not only needed directive property but also needed long-distance communications sound is driven on the airport.The invention has the advantages that: the acoustic pressure in transmission level is high, directive property good, energy conversion efficiency is high, device volume is little, in light weight, easy to use, can adapt to rugged surroundings.
After the device among the present invention is carried out actual measurement, obtain following data:
1) the 10 meters sound pressure levels in device dead ahead reach 116dB, calculate as can be known that according to Principles of Acoustics 100 meters sound pressure levels can reach 96dB;
2) resonance frequency 2.9kHz;
3) deviation angle of decay during 6dB is 4.5 ° (angle herein is meant the angle of off-center axle one side, i.e. the sound pressure level 6dB that descended during 4.5 ° on off-center axle), and the deviation angle during decay 10dB is 7 °, and the deviation angle during decay 30dB is 9 °;
4) power consumption is 200W;
5) mechanical dimension is 850 millimeters (diameter) * 100 of φ millimeter (thickness);
6) quality is 30kg.
By above-mentioned measured data as can be seen the present invention realized the directional transmissions of high sound intensity sound wave, with having had advantages such as energy consumption is low, light again.
It should be noted last that above embodiment is only unrestricted in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described.Although the present invention is had been described in detail with reference to embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, technical scheme of the present invention is made amendment or is equal to replacement, do not break away from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of the claim scope of the present invention.
Claims (18)
1. the method for the directed sound wave emissions of a high sound intensity, this method adopts Array Signal Processing circuit to drive the multichannel loudspeaker array respectively, and to realize remote directional transmissions high sound intensity sound wave, it may further comprise the steps:
1) at first, each road loudspeaker array is carried out training in advance to obtain the transport function of each road loudspeaker array;
2) by audio signal sample module (101) voice signal is converted into analog electrical signal, carries out A/D conversion back output audio digital signal again;
3) according to the transport function that obtains in the step 1), to step 2) audio digital signals of output carries out after the signal Processing branchs multichannel and exports;
4) respectively each road sound signal of output is amplified by some power amplifiers, and drive the multichannel loudspeaker array respectively, work alone mutually between each road loudspeaker array;
5) by the directional sound wave of multichannel loudspeaker array emission high sound intensity;
Wherein, the signal Processing in the described step 3) comprises: frequency division processing, the pre-weighted of frequency band and wave beam form handles three parts, at first, by the frequency division processing wideband digital signal is resolved into a plurality of sub-band signals; Then, based on psychoacoustic model, according to psychoacoustic parameter, by the pre-weighted of frequency band to the adjustment that gains of each sub-band signal; At last, form the phase of input signals that each little array in road is regulated in processing, make the output sound on each road superpose in the same way, to improve directive property in far-field position by wave beam.
2. according to the method for the directed sound wave emissions of the described high sound intensity of claim 1, it is characterized in that it is to adopt sub-band division method and band segmentation technology that wideband digital signal is resolved into a plurality of sub-band signals that described frequency division is handled; Described sub-band division method comprises: even sub-band division, octave sub-band division or Bark territory sub-band division; Described band segmentation technology is adopted the time-frequency domain switch technology, comprising: polyphase filter technology, Fourier techniques or MDCT technology in short-term.
3. according to the method for the directed sound wave emissions of the described high sound intensity of claim 1, it is characterized in that, the pre-weighted of described frequency band is based on psychoacoustic model, and according to people's ear to perception of sound characteristic and input signal characteristics, to the adjustment that gains of each sub-band signal, so that people's ear is the loudest at the sound that the target place hears.
4. according to the method for the directed sound wave emissions of the described high sound intensity of claim 1, it is characterized in that described wave beam formation is handled and adopted time domain approach to realize,, export then via wave filter realization amplitude modulation phase modulation more earlier with the sub-band signal synthesized wideband signal; Wherein, described wave filter can adopt infinite impulse response filter IIR, finite impulse response filter FIR or lattice mode filter, obtaining of filter coefficient can be adopted the adaptive inversion filtering algorithm, comprising: least mean square algorithm LMS, recursive least squares or quick affine projection algorithm FAP.
5. according to the method for the directed sound wave emissions of the described high sound intensity of claim 1, it is characterized in that, described wave beam forms to handle and adopts frequency domain method to realize, can adopt the method for frequency sweep analysis or maximum length sequence to measure the frequency response of corresponding each the road loudspeaker array of each passage earlier, by the DSP module each band signal is carried out phase modulation according to frequency response again, at last each band signal is synthesized the input signal that obtains each road.
6. the device of the directed sound wave emissions of high sound intensity is characterized in that, this device adopts the Array Signal Processing circuit to drive the multichannel loudspeaker array respectively, to realize remote directional transmissions high sound intensity sound wave, specifically comprises:
One audio signal sample module (101) is used to obtain the audio frequency simulation electric signal that needs are launched;
One A/D modular converter (102) is used for the audio frequency simulation electric signal that described audio signal sample module (101) obtains is converted into audio digital signals by simulating signal;
One signal processing module (103), input end is connected with the output terminal of described A/D modular converter (102), is used for the signal of needs emission is handled to realize remote directional transmissions;
One power amplifier group (104) is connected respectively with the multichannel output of described signal processing module (103), is used for power amplification to drive loudspeaker array;
Multichannel loudspeaker array (105) is used for final acoustic emission;
Wherein, described signal processing module (103) comprising: frequency division processing unit, the pre-weighting processing unit of frequency band and wave beam form processing unit three parts, and described frequency division processing unit is used for wideband digital signal is resolved into a plurality of sub-band signals; The pre-weighting processing unit of described frequency band is used for based on psychoacoustic model, according to psychoacoustic parameter, to the adjustment that gains of each sub-band signal; Described wave beam forms processing unit, and the phase of input signals that is used to regulate each little array in road makes the output sound on each road superpose in the same way in far-field position, to improve directive property.
7. according to the device of the directed sound wave emissions of the described high sound intensity of claim 6, it is characterized in that, described multichannel loudspeaker array can be big loudspeaker array to be segmented by region be several little arrays, and each little array forms one road loudspeaker array, and an input end is arranged.
8. according to the device of the directed sound wave emissions of the described high sound intensity of claim 6, it is characterized in that described audio signal sample module (101) comprises a microphone (701) and a control/storage unit (702).
9. according to the device of the directed sound wave emissions of the described high sound intensity of claim 6, it is characterized in that described audio signal sample module (101) and A/D modular converter (102) can be MP3, computer audio frequency delivery outlet or recording pen.
10. according to the device of the directed sound wave emissions of the described high sound intensity of claim 6, it is characterized in that described loudspeaker array comprises: moving-coil speaker array, hummer array, piezoelectric ceramic transducer array or piezoelectric membrane array.
11. the device according to claim 6 or the directed sound wave emissions of 10 described high sound intensities is characterized in that described loudspeaker array adopts integrated piezoelectric ceramic transducer array;
Described integrated piezoelectric ceramic transducer array comprises: the preceding cellular board (201) and the back cellular board (202) that are provided with some holes accordingly, cellular board (201) and back cellular board (202) stack fixing up and down before described, form some honeycomb holes, a ccontaining piezoelectric ceramic transducer in each honeycomb hole;
Described piezoelectric ceramic transducer from top to bottom is fixed with sound radiation substrate (204), electrode base sheet (205), piezoelectric ceramic piece (206) successively, and this piezoelectric ceramic transducer embeds in the formed space of hole indent of hole with respect to preceding cellular board (201) of back cellular board (202) by two packing washers (203) one that is arranged on sound radiation substrate (204) upper and lower surface; Wherein, described electrode base sheet (205) and piezoelectric ceramic piece (206) are connected the electrode connecting pin that is positioned at the piezoelectric ceramic transducer below end to (207) respectively, and this electrode connecting pin inserts in the jack of printed circuit board (PCB) (208) the other end of (207);
Described printed circuit board (PCB) (208) clip is combined on the cellular board, and the electrode connecting pin on it connects up respectively to (207) multichannel and forms integrated piezoelectric ceramic transducer array; Wherein, each road piezoelectric ceramic transducer is by the little array of parallel connection formation of the piezoelectric ceramic transducer in some honeycomb holes, this little array has two lines, single line connects all electrode base sheets (205) in the little array of this road piezoelectric ceramic transducer, and single line connects all piezoelectric ceramic pieces (206) in the little array of this road piezoelectric ceramic transducer in addition.
12. device according to the directed sound wave emissions of the described high sound intensity of claim 11, it is characterized in that, cellular board (201) and corrosion-resistant, the flexible of back cellular board (202) employing, high-intensity material are made before described, can select stainless steel, aluminium alloy or nylon for use.
13. the device according to the directed sound wave emissions of the described high sound intensity of claim 11 is characterized in that, the honeycomb hole on the described preceding cellular board (201) can be straight tubular, taper or horn type.
14. the device according to the directed sound wave emissions of the described high sound intensity of claim 11 is characterized in that described packing washer (203) is a rubber ring, the thickness sum of two packing washers is slightly larger than the thickness of back cellular board (202).
15. the device according to the directed sound wave emissions of the described high sound intensity of claim 11 is characterized in that, described sound radiation substrate (204) adopts material flexible, flexible to make, and comprising: thin nylon6 chips or thin plastic sheet.
16. the device according to the directed sound wave emissions of the described high sound intensity of claim 11 is characterized in that described electrode base sheet (205) is a conducting metal or alloy sheet.
17. the device according to the directed sound wave emissions of the described high sound intensity of claim 11 is characterized in that, the one side that described piezoelectric ceramic piece (206) does not contact with electrode base sheet (205) is done the plating conducting metal and is handled, and described conducting metal comprises: silver.
18. the device according to the directed sound wave emissions of the described high sound intensity of claim 6 is characterized in that, described power amplifier group (104) can select to comprise category-A, category-B, AB class or D power-like amplifier composition; If select D class power amplifier for use, just directly connect between signal processing module (103) and the power amplifier group (104); If select category-A, category-B or AB class power amplifier for use, then also need adjunction one D/A modular converter (901) between signal processing module (103) and the power amplifier group (104).
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