CN101717673A - Low-temperature fluidity improver for diesel fuel and method for preparing same - Google Patents
Low-temperature fluidity improver for diesel fuel and method for preparing same Download PDFInfo
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- CN101717673A CN101717673A CN200910238468A CN200910238468A CN101717673A CN 101717673 A CN101717673 A CN 101717673A CN 200910238468 A CN200910238468 A CN 200910238468A CN 200910238468 A CN200910238468 A CN 200910238468A CN 101717673 A CN101717673 A CN 101717673A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a low-temperature fluidity improver for diesel fuel, which is prepared from the following raw materials: 1) a water containing agent, 2) a catalyst, 3) a saturated fatty acid, 4) trolamine, 5) vulcabond and 6) a diluting agent, wherein the mol ratio of the saturated fatty acid to the trolamine is 1.0-1.2:1; the weight of the catalyst is 0.1 to 1.0 percent of the summation of the weights of the saturated fatty acid and the trolamine; the mol ratio of the vulcabond and the trolamine is 0.75-0.95:1; the weight of the water containing agent is 40 to 50 percent of the summation of the weights of the saturated fatty acid and the trolamine; and the weight of the diluting agent is 60 to 80 percent of the summation of the weights of a mixture A and the vulcabond. The improver of the invention has relatively better low-temperature fluidity improving function for the diesel fuel with narrow fraction and containing high wax content; and simultaneously, an additive of the invention has the characteristics of low production raw material cost, easy production condition, simple process and no need of separating a solvent, byproducts and the catalyst after reaction.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of liquid fuel additive and preparation method thereof, especially relate to a kind of diesel oil at low-temperature fluidity improver and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
The diesel motor compression ratio is big, task performance is high, industrial being widely used, so diesel oil also is the fuel petroleum products of consumption maximum.Along with the rise of crude oil price, the heavy fuel oil (HFO) demand reduces, and the diesel oil demand rises, and the demand that improves the middle runnings yield is very urgent.Because boiling range difference, composition are different, the diesel oil of different sources has different condensation points, cold filter clogging temperature; When envrionment temperature is lower than condensation point, cold filter clogging temperature, diesel oil will lose flowability, and cause diesel engine to work.So the condensation point, cold filter clogging temperature that reduce diesel oil are extremely important for the productive rate of diesel oil and storage, use.At present, the method that reduces condensation point, cold filter clogging temperature mainly contains two kinds, the one, on production technique, adopt dewaxing, hydrodewaxing, minimizing heavy constituent to call in methods such as lam-oil component simultaneously, by the processing or the allotment of these production technique, can reduce the temperature of separating out of wax in the diesel oil; The 2nd, adopt the method add the diesel oil at low-temperature fluidity improver, the adding of diesel oil at low-temperature fluidity improver does not change the temperature of separating out of wax in the diesel oil, has just changed the shape and the state of aggregation of wax crystalline substance.From economic angle, second method is more reasonable.
The principal item of existing diesel oil at low-temperature fluidity improver comprises:
(1) have the ethene skeleton, by the polymkeric substance of ethene main chain and wax effect, as U.S. Pat 3,999,960 adopt the alpha-olefin dimers and by alpha-olefin dimer deutero-poly-alpha olefins, alpha-olefin-styrol copolymer as the brilliant conditioning agent of wax, reach pour-point depressing process by changing the brilliant space structure of wax.Chinese patent ZL91111490.4 " preparation method of diesel flow improver ", disclose with ethene and vinyl acetate between to for plastic be raw material, under 60～110 ℃, 5～10MPa pressure, adopt 2～4 reactors to carry out successive polymerization reaction, the preparation molecular-weight average is the method for 1000～2500 ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer type diesel flow improver.
(2) have comb shaped structure, form the polymkeric substance of eutectic by long side chain alkyl and wax, as US 5,585,337 disclosed pour point depressants are formed, and comprise the hydrocarbon solvent that surpasses 50% content, its activeconstituents is (methyl) higher hydrocarbyl acrylate (C
8～C
40) with the multipolymer of maleic anhydride, comprise the oligopolymer and/or the brilliant inhibitor of multipolymer, ester and wax of unsaturated hydrocarbons simultaneously.ZL99111171.0 " a kind of diesel flow improver and preparation method thereof " discloses a kind of diesel flow improver and preparation method thereof.This diesel flow improver mainly contains the two high-carbon-alkyl-styrol copolymers of butene dioic acid and methylacrylic acid high carbon ester-acrylate copolymer, composite dispersion agent.
(3) polarity contains nitrogen compound.As US 6,206, it is the imidization derivative of maleic anhydride-alpha-olefin copolymer and/or maleic anhydride-alpha-olefin copolymer that the brilliant inhibitor of 939 disclosed waxes is formed.Wherein the carbon number of imines is 16～18, and the carbon number of alpha-olefin is 22～42.
Although the research of diesel oil at low-temperature fluidity improver has been carried out a lot of years, the kind enormous amount of exploitation, the additive with pervasive function does not occur, and existing additive is generally to narrow fraction and the high almost not effect of diesel oil of content of wax composition.Raw materials for production cost height, working condition harshness, the complex process of existing additive produce more by product and separation difficulty simultaneously, cause production cost high, thereby have influenced the use of diesel oil at low-temperature fluidity improver.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention provides a kind of diesel oil at low-temperature fluidity improver: this properties-correcting agent adopts saturated fatty acid and trolamine to carry out esterification under condition of normal pressure, by the mol ratio between control reaction temperature, catalytic amount and the reactant, obtain saturated fatty acid trolamine monoesters; This saturated fatty acid trolamine monoesters again with the vulcabond crosslinking reaction, final product be contain the polarity nitrogen-atoms, straight chain saturated carboxylic acid ester is the comb-shaped polymer of side chain; After reaction is finished, need not to separate solvent, by product and catalyzer.
Another technical problem that the present invention will solve provides a kind of preparation method of diesel oil at low-temperature fluidity improver.
For solving above-mentioned first technical problem, a kind of diesel oil at low-temperature fluidity improver of the present invention is to be formed by following feedstock production:
1) azeotropic agent
2) catalyzer
3) saturated fatty acid
4) trolamine
5) vulcabond
6) thinner
The mol ratio of described saturated fatty acid and trolamine is 1.0～1.2: 1;
The weight of described catalyzer be saturated fatty acid and trolamine weight and 0.1～1.0%;
The mol ratio of described vulcabond and trolamine is 0.75～0.95: 1;
The weight of described azeotropic agent be saturated fatty acid and trolamine weight and 40～50%;
The weight of described thinner be mixture A and vulcabond weight and 60～80%; Described mixture A obtains by following method: under condition of normal pressure; above-mentioned azeotropic agent, catalyzer, saturated fatty acid and trolamine are added in the reactor; the inflated with nitrogen protection; stir, be heated to 160～205 ℃; azeotropic agent constantly refluxes and isolates the water that reaction generates; reacted 6～12 hours, and got mixture A.
Further, described azeotropic agent is 170# or 200# solvent oil.
Further, described thinner is the 200# solvent oil.
Further, described catalyzer is a tosic acid.
Further, described saturated fatty acid is C
16～C
24The mixture of the arbitrary proportion of one or more in the saturated fatty acid.
Further, the mol ratio of described saturated fatty acid and trolamine is 1.0～1.1: 1.
Further, the weight of described tosic acid be saturated fatty acid and trolamine weight and 0.1～0.3%.
Further, the mol ratio of described vulcabond and trolamine is 0.80～0.90: 1
Further, described vulcabond is a kind of of tolylene diisocyanate (TDI), isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), diphenylmethanediisocyanate (MDI) or hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI).
For solving above-mentioned second technical problem, the preparation method of a kind of diesel oil at low-temperature fluidity improver of the present invention comprises the steps:
1) under condition of normal pressure, azeotropic agent, catalyzer, saturated fatty acid and trolamine are added in the reactor, inflated with nitrogen is protected, and stirs, is heated to 160～205 ℃, and azeotropic agent constantly refluxes and isolates the water that reaction generates, and reacts 6～12 hours, gets mixture A;
2) the mixture A that step 1) is obtained is cooled to 40 ℃, adds vulcabond and thinner, and dispersed with stirring is even, is heated to 60～75 ℃, keeps reacting under this temperature 2～3 hours, obtains product of the present invention;
The mol ratio of described saturated fatty acid and trolamine is 1.0～1.2: 1;
The weight of described tosic acid be saturated fatty acid and trolamine weight and 0.1～1.0%;
The mol ratio of described vulcabond and trolamine is 0.75～0.95: 1;
Wherein, the weight of the described azeotropic agent in the step 1) be saturated fatty acid and trolamine weight and 40～50%;
The weight of the described thinner wherein, step 2) be mixture A and vulcabond weight and 60～80%.
Further, described azeotropic agent is 170# or 200# solvent oil.
Further, described catalyzer is a tosic acid.
Further, described thinner is the 200# solvent oil.
Further, described saturated fatty acid is C
16～C
24The mixture of the arbitrary proportion of one or more in the saturated fatty acid.
Further, the mol ratio of described saturated fatty acid and trolamine is 1.0～1.1: 1.
Further, the weight of described tosic acid be saturated fatty acid and trolamine weight and 0.1～0.3%.
Further, the mol ratio of described vulcabond and trolamine is 0.80～0.90: 1
Further, described vulcabond is a kind of in tolylene diisocyanate (TDI), isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), diphenylmethanediisocyanate (MDI) or the hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI).
The present invention has following beneficial effect: improving agent of the present invention also has the mobile improved action of good low-temperature to narrow fraction and the high diesel oil of content of wax composition; The raw materials for production cost of additive of the present invention is low simultaneously, working condition is easy, technology is simple, need not to separate solvent, by product and catalyzer after the reaction, has reduced production cost.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of diesel oil at low-temperature fluidity improver is to be formed by following feedstock production:
1) 170# solvent oil
2) tosic acid
3) C
16Saturated fatty acid
4) trolamine
5) tolylene diisocyanate
6) 200# solvent oil
Described C
16The mol ratio of saturated fatty acid and trolamine is 1: 1;
The weight of described tosic acid is C
16The weight of saturated fatty acid and trolamine and 0.1%;
The mol ratio of described tolylene diisocyanate and trolamine is 0.75: 1;
The weight of described 170# solvent oil is C
16The weight of saturated fatty acid and trolamine and 40%;
The weight of described thinner be mixture A and tolylene diisocyanate weight and 60%; Described mixture A obtains by following method: under condition of normal pressure, with above-mentioned 170# solvent oil, tosic acid, C
16Saturated fatty acid and trolamine add in the reactor, and inflated with nitrogen is protected, and stirs, is heated to 160 ℃, and the 170# solvent oil constantly refluxes and isolates the water that reaction generates, and reacts 6 hours, gets mixture A.
Above-mentioned raw materials is prepared into the preparation method of diesel oil at low-temperature fluidity improver, comprises the steps:
1) under condition of normal pressure, with 170# solvent oil, tosic acid, C
16Saturated fatty acid and trolamine add in the reactor, and inflated with nitrogen is protected, and stirs, is heated to 160 ℃, and the 170# solvent oil constantly refluxes and isolates the water that reaction generates, and reacts 6 hours, gets mixture A;
2) the mixture A that step 1) is obtained is cooled to 40 ℃, adds tolylene diisocyanate and 200# solvent oil, and dispersed with stirring is even, is heated to 60 ℃, keeps reacting 2 hours under this temperature, obtains product of the present invention;
Embodiment 2
A kind of diesel oil at low-temperature fluidity improver is to be formed by following feedstock production:
1) azeotropic agent 200# solvent oil
2) tosic acid
3) C
20Saturated fatty acid
4) trolamine
5) isophorone diisocyanate
6) thinner 200# solvent oil
Described C
20The mol ratio of saturated fatty acid and trolamine is 1.2: 1;
The weight of described tosic acid is C
20The weight of saturated fatty acid and trolamine and 1%;
The mol ratio of described isophorone diisocyanate and trolamine is 0.95: 1;
The weight of described azeotropic agent 200# solvent oil is C
20The weight of saturated fatty acid and trolamine and 50%;
The weight of described thinner 200# solvent oil be mixture A and isophorone diisocyanate weight and 80%; Described mixture A obtains by following method: under condition of normal pressure, with above-mentioned azeotropic agent 200# solvent oil, tosic acid, C
20Saturated fatty acid and trolamine add in the reactor, and inflated with nitrogen is protected, and stirs, is heated to 205 ℃, and azeotropic agent 200# solvent oil constantly refluxes and isolates the water that reaction generates, and reacts 12 hours, gets mixture A.
Above-mentioned raw materials is prepared into the preparation method of diesel oil at low-temperature fluidity improver, comprises the steps:
1) under condition of normal pressure, with azeotropic agent 200# solvent oil, tosic acid, C
20Saturated fatty acid and trolamine add in the reactor, and inflated with nitrogen is protected, and stirs, is heated to 205 ℃, and azeotropic agent 200# solvent oil constantly refluxes and isolates the water that reaction generates, and reacts 12 hours, gets mixture A;
2) the mixture A that step 1) is obtained is cooled to 40 ℃, adds isophorone diisocyanate and thinner 200# solvent oil, and dispersed with stirring is even, is heated to 75 ℃, keeps reacting 3 hours under this temperature, obtains product of the present invention;
Embodiment 3
1) 170# solvent oil
2) tosic acid
3) C
24Saturated fatty acid
4) trolamine
5) diphenylmethanediisocyanate
6) 200# solvent oil
Described C
24The mol ratio of saturated fatty acid and trolamine is 1.1: 1;
The weight of described tosic acid is C
24The weight of saturated fatty acid and trolamine and 0.5%;
The mol ratio of described diphenylmethanediisocyanate and trolamine is 0.85: 1;
The weight of described 170# solvent oil is C
24The weight of saturated fatty acid and trolamine and 45%;
The weight of described thinner be mixture A and diphenylmethanediisocyanate weight and 70%; Described mixture A obtains by following method: under condition of normal pressure, with above-mentioned 170# solvent oil, tosic acid, C
24Saturated fatty acid and trolamine add in the reactor, and inflated with nitrogen is protected, and stirs, is heated to 180 ℃, and the 170# solvent oil constantly refluxes and isolates the water that reaction generates, and reacts 9 hours, gets mixture A.
Above-mentioned raw materials is prepared into the preparation method of diesel oil at low-temperature fluidity improver, comprises the steps:
1) under condition of normal pressure, with 170# solvent oil, tosic acid, C
24Saturated fatty acid and trolamine add in the reactor, and inflated with nitrogen is protected, and stirs, is heated to 180 ℃, and the 170# solvent oil constantly refluxes and isolates the water that reaction generates, and reacts 9 hours, gets mixture A;
2) the mixture A that step 1) is obtained is cooled to 40 ℃, adds diphenylmethanediisocyanate and 200# solvent oil, and dispersed with stirring is even, is heated to 68 ℃, keeps reacting 2.5 hours under this temperature, obtains product of the present invention;
Embodiment 4
In the 500mL four-hole boiling flask that nitrogen adding pipe, branch water condenser, thermometer and agitator are housed, add stearic acid 31.30g, trolamine 14.90g, 170# solvent oil 20.00g, tosic acid 0.05g, N
2Be stirred and heated to 165 ℃ under the protection, keep refluxing 8 hours, tell the water that reaction generates; Above-mentioned product is cooled to 40 ℃, and to wherein adding 50.00g 200# solvent oil, the 18.90g isophorone diisocyanate stirs and it was uniformly dispersed in 30 minutes; Feed the nitrogen stirring and be warmed up to 66 ℃, kept 3 hours, obtain product A agent of the present invention.
Embodiment 5
In the 500mL four-hole boiling flask that nitrogen adding pipe, branch water condenser, thermometer and agitator are housed, add eicosanoic acid 32.80g, trolamine 14.90g, 200# solvent oil 20.00g, tosic acid 0.10g, N
2Be stirred and heated to 190 ℃ under the protection, keep refluxing 10 hours, tell the water that reaction generates; Above-mentioned product is cooled to 40 ℃, and to wherein adding 55.00g 200# solvent oil, the 15.67g tolylene diisocyanate stirs and it was uniformly dispersed in 30 minutes; Feed the nitrogen stirring and be warmed up to 60 ℃, kept 3 hours, obtain product B agent of the present invention.
Embodiment 6
In the 500mL four-hole boiling flask that nitrogen adding pipe, branch water condenser, thermometer and agitator are housed, add mountain Yu acid 34.00g, trolamine 14.90g, 200# solvent oil 20.00g, tosic acid 0.15g, N
2Be stirred and heated to 200 ℃ under the protection, keep refluxing 8 hours, tell the water that reaction generates; Above-mentioned product is cooled to 40 ℃, and to wherein adding 60.00g 200# solvent oil, the 13.46g hexamethylene diisocyanate stirs and it was uniformly dispersed in 30 minutes; Feed the nitrogen stirring and be warmed up to 70 ℃, kept 3 hours, obtain products C agent of the present invention.
Embodiment 7
In the 500mL four-hole boiling flask that nitrogen adding pipe, branch water condenser, thermometer and agitator are housed, add palmitinic acid 7.69g, stearic acid 8.54g, eicosanoic acid 6.24g, mountain Yu acid 10.20g, trolamine 14.90g, 200# solvent oil 50.00g, tosic acid 0.15g, N
2Be stirred and heated to 200 ℃ under the protection, keep refluxing 9 hours, tell the water that reaction generates; Above-mentioned product is cooled to 40 ℃, and to wherein adding 60.00g 200# solvent oil, the 15.67g tolylene diisocyanate stirs and it was uniformly dispersed in 30 minutes; Feed the nitrogen stirring and be warmed up to 65 ℃, kept 3 hours, obtain product D of the present invention agent.
The comparative example 8
Additive A, B, C and D that embodiment 4～7 is obtained join respectively in the agent diesel oil, carry out condensation point by GB510-83 and measure, and carry out cold filter clogging temperature by SH/T 0248-2006 and measure, and estimate its pour point depression, fall the filter effect.Table 1 is the diesel oil physical data, and evaluation result sees Table 2.
Table 1 diesel oil physical data
| Diesel oil 1 | Diesel oil 2 | |
| Condensation point/℃ | ??-8 | ??-5 |
| Cold filter clogging temperature/℃ | ??-3 | ??0 |
| Boiling range | ||
| Initial boiling point/℃ | ??230 | ??242 |
| 20% heat up in a steamer a little/℃ | ??293 | ??297 |
| 50% heat up in a steamer a little/℃ | ??313 | ??315 |
| 90% heat up in a steamer a little/℃ | ??335 | ??345 |
| Do/℃ | ??355 | ??363 |
Table 2 pour point depression, the filter effect is fallen
Obviously, the above embodiment of the present invention only is for example of the present invention clearly is described, and is not to be qualification to embodiments of the present invention.For those of ordinary skill in the field, can also make other changes in different forms on the basis of the above description.Here can't give exhaustive to all embodiments.Everyly belong to conspicuous variation or the change that technical scheme of the present invention extends out and still be within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a diesel oil at low-temperature fluidity improver is characterized in that, is to be formed by following feedstock production:
1) azeotropic agent
2) catalyzer
3) saturated fatty acid
4) trolamine
5) vulcabond
6) thinner
The mol ratio of described saturated fatty acid and trolamine is 1.0～1.2: 1;
The weight of described catalyzer be saturated fatty acid and trolamine weight and 0.1～1.0%;
The mol ratio of described vulcabond and trolamine is 0.75～0.95: 1;
The weight of described azeotropic agent be saturated fatty acid and trolamine weight and 40～50%;
The weight of described thinner be mixture A and vulcabond weight and 60～80%; Described mixture A obtains by following method: under condition of normal pressure; above-mentioned azeotropic agent, catalyzer, saturated fatty acid and trolamine are added in the reactor; the inflated with nitrogen protection; stir, be heated to 160～205 ℃; azeotropic agent constantly refluxes and isolates the water that reaction generates; reacted 6～12 hours, and got mixture A.
2. diesel oil at low-temperature fluidity improver according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described azeotropic agent is 170# or 200# solvent oil; Described catalyzer is a tosic acid; Described saturated fatty acid is C
16～C
24The mixture of the arbitrary proportion of one or more in the saturated fatty acid; Described thinner is the 200# solvent oil.
3. diesel oil at low-temperature fluidity improver according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described vulcabond is tolylene diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate, diphenylmethanediisocyanate or hexamethylene diisocyanate.
4. according to claim 1,2 or 3 described diesel oil at low-temperature fluidity improvers, it is characterized in that: the mol ratio of described saturated fatty acid and trolamine is 1.0～1.1: 1; The weight of described catalyzer be saturated fatty acid and trolamine weight and 0.1～0.3%; The mol ratio of described vulcabond and trolamine is 0.80～0.90: 1.
5. the preparation method of a diesel oil at low-temperature fluidity improver as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
1) under condition of normal pressure, azeotropic agent, catalyzer, saturated fatty acid and trolamine are added in the reactor, inflated with nitrogen is protected, and stirs, is heated to 160～205 ℃, and azeotropic agent constantly refluxes and isolates the water that reaction generates, and reacts 6～12 hours, gets mixture A;
2) the mixture A that step 1) is obtained is cooled to 40 ℃, adds vulcabond and thinner, and dispersed with stirring is even, is heated to 60～75 ℃, keeps reacting under this temperature 2～3 hours, obtains product of the present invention;
The mol ratio of described saturated fatty acid and trolamine is 1.0～1.2: 1;
The weight of described catalyzer be saturated fatty acid and trolamine weight and 0.1～1.0%;
The mol ratio of described vulcabond and trolamine is 0.75～0.95: 1;
The weight of described azeotropic agent be saturated fatty acid and trolamine weight and 40～50%;
The weight of described thinner be mixture A and vulcabond weight and 60～80%.
6. the preparation method of a kind of diesel oil at low-temperature fluidity improver according to claim 5 is characterized in that: described azeotropic agent is 170# or 200# solvent oil; Described catalyzer is a tosic acid; Described saturated fatty acid is C
16～C
24The mixture of the arbitrary proportion of one or more in the saturated fatty acid; Described thinner is the 200# solvent oil.
7. the preparation method of a kind of diesel oil at low-temperature fluidity improver according to claim 5 is characterized in that: described vulcabond is tolylene diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate, diphenylmethanediisocyanate or hexamethylene diisocyanate.
8. the preparation method of a kind of diesel oil at low-temperature fluidity improver according to claim 5 is characterized in that: the mol ratio of described saturated fatty acid and trolamine is 1.0～1.1: 1.
9. the preparation method of a kind of diesel oil at low-temperature fluidity improver according to claim 5 is characterized in that: the weight of described catalyzer be saturated fatty acid and trolamine weight and 0.1～0.3%.
10. the preparation method of a kind of diesel oil at low-temperature fluidity improver according to claim 5 is characterized in that: the mol ratio of described vulcabond and trolamine is 0.80～0.90: 1.
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|---|---|---|---|
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103484177A (en) * | 2013-10-12 | 2014-01-01 | 西安嘉宏石化科技有限公司 | Low-temperature fluidity improver composition of diesel oil and preparation method of low-temperature fluidity improver composition |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100513444C (en) * | 2004-04-19 | 2009-07-15 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Low-temperature flow modifier for diesel oil and method for preparing the same |
| CN1284810C (en) * | 2004-12-29 | 2006-11-15 | 华东理工大学 | Copolymer for diesel low temperature flow promoter and its preparing method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103484177A (en) * | 2013-10-12 | 2014-01-01 | 西安嘉宏石化科技有限公司 | Low-temperature fluidity improver composition of diesel oil and preparation method of low-temperature fluidity improver composition |
| CN103484177B (en) * | 2013-10-12 | 2015-06-10 | 西安嘉宏石化科技有限公司 | Low-temperature fluidity improver composition of diesel oil and preparation method of low-temperature fluidity improver composition |
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