CN101714665B - Battery formation method - Google Patents
Battery formation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101714665B CN101714665B CN2008102166773A CN200810216677A CN101714665B CN 101714665 B CN101714665 B CN 101714665B CN 2008102166773 A CN2008102166773 A CN 2008102166773A CN 200810216677 A CN200810216677 A CN 200810216677A CN 101714665 B CN101714665 B CN 101714665B
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- battery
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- charge
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Abstract
The invention discloses a battery formation method, which comprises the following steps of: performing formation on a battery at a formation temperature; charging the battery to V2 volt with constant current in the first stage; discharging the battery for at least one time with circulating constant current of V2-V1 volt; and charging the battery to V3 volt with the constant current in the second stage, wherein the voltage V2 is more than the voltage V1 and is less than the voltage V3. The battery formation method can prevent metallic impurities from forming lithium dendrites so as to effectively inhibit the self-discharge effect of the battery and reduce the low voltage ratio of the battery.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of battery formation method, particularly a kind of lithium rechargeable battery chemical synthesizing method.
Background technology
Lithium ion battery is a kind of novel chemical power source, and energy density is big, operating voltage is high, the life-span is long, the characteristics of environmental protection because of it has, and is widely used in the portable type electronic products such as mobile phone.
Change into the process of battery being carried out first charge-discharge that is meant.The step that changes into of lithium ion secondary rechargeable battery is to make the important stage of battery, changes into many-sided qualities such as the capacity height that is related to battery, self-discharge performance.
At present the chemical synthesizing method that adopts of lithium ion secondary rechargeable battery is: the electric current with 0.01C-1C carries out little electric current constant current charge earlier, again with the big electric current constant current charge of 0.05C-10C, then at 30-80 ℃ of ageing 0.5-160 hour.The lithium rechargeable battery that changes into through this method self-discharge phenomenon when storing is serious, and the problem that the low-voltage battery ratio is big has a strong impact on the performance of lithium rechargeable battery, also causes the waste of the energy.
Summary of the invention
Problem to be solved by this invention is: the self-discharge of battery phenomenon of producing in the existing chemical synthesizing method is serious, and the battery low-voltage ratio is high.
Inventor of the present invention finds unexpectedly: causing the serious basic reason of self-discharge of battery phenomenon is that the Li dendrite that metal impurities cause causes; Because the metal impurities (being mainly Fe and Ni) in the electric core positive pole can gather negative terminal surface in the initial charge process; Appear with big grain form; Adopt the chemical synthesizing method of prior art, the metal impurities of big crystal grain can be blocked in the graphite layers space, cause Li
+Can't embed, thus Li
+Be stacked on and form Li dendrite on the metal simple-substance, bring out the inside battery micro-short circuit easily, cause the lithium battery self discharge serious, the low-voltage battery ratio is big.
The invention provides a kind of chemical synthesizing method of lithium rechargeable battery, this method changes into battery changing under the temperature, the phase I with constant current charge to V
2Volt is then at V
2-V
1Volt circulation constant current charge-discharge at least 1 time, second stage with constant current charge to the V3 volt, voltage V
1<voltage V
2<voltage V
3
Method provided by the invention, with constant current charge to V
2Volt is then at V
2-V
1Volt cycle charge-discharge at least 1 time can make metal impurities Fe and Ni back and forth movement on both positive and negative polarity, breaks up the big crystal grain that it forms in initial charge, becomes more granule and is dispersed in negative terminal surface, even Li like this
+Can't be embedded in the graphite linings and be stacked on the metal simple-substance, also can or not form the Li dendrite that can influence the battery micro-short circuit because particle diameter is less.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the present invention can effectively suppress the self-discharge of battery phenomenon, reduces the low-voltage battery ratio, avoids energy waste.
Embodiment
In order to make technical problem to be solved by this invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect clearer,, the present invention is further elaborated below in conjunction with embodiment.
A kind of chemical synthesizing method of lithium rechargeable battery, this method change into battery changing under the temperature, the phase I with constant current charge to V
2Volt is then at V
2-V
1Volt circulation constant current charge-discharge at least 1 time, second stage with constant current charge to V
3Volt, voltage V
1<voltage V
2<voltage V
3
The said temperature that changes into is known in those skilled in the art, and the temperature that changes into of battery of the present invention is preferably 20-40 ℃.
Said V
2-V
1Volt circulation constant current charge-discharge is meant from V
2The volt with constant-current discharge to V
1Volt is again from V
1Volt is with constant current charge V
2Volt is a V
2-V
1Volt circulation constant current charge-discharge.
Wherein, voltage V
1Be preferably 2.3-2.5V, more preferably 2.45-2.5V; Voltage V
2Be preferably 3.5-3.7V, more preferably 3.5-3.55V; Voltage V
3Be preferably 3.85-4.0V, more preferably 3.85-3.95V.
Wherein, the constant current charge electric current is 0.01-0.1C, and preferred phase I constant current charge electric current is 0.02-0.05C, and second stage constant current charge electric current is 0.08C-0.1C;
Wherein, discharging current is 0.01-0.1C, is preferably 0.03-0.08C.
Wherein, at V
2-V
1The number of times of volt cycle charge-discharge is preferably 2-10 time, further is preferably, at V
2-V
1The number of times of volt cycle charge-discharge is 2-5 time.
The inventor finds that the number of times of cycle charge-discharge is in 10 times, and each cycle charge-discharge increases highly significant for the effect that battery changes into, and the time that changes into simultaneously is shorter.
This chemical synthesizing method preferably in the phase I with constant current charge to V
2After the volt, battery is placed, be generally standing time 2-15 minute.After can also preferably accomplishing in the phase I, before the second stage, with the battery ageing, general ageing 3 days.
The equipment that this chemical synthesizing method changes into battery is conventionally known to one of skill in the art, in general, and after in the battery container that is sealed with pole piece, injecting electrolyte; With gummed paper liquid injection hole is sealed; Then battery is placed on the jig of charging device the positive pole of the corresponding lithium ion battery of anodal jig of charging device, the negative pole of the corresponding lithium ion battery of the negative pole jig of charging device; After setting charging current battery is changed into, change into and accomplish the back and seal liquid injection hole.
To specify further the present invention through embodiment below.
Embodiment 1
Get battery LP463446ARU after the fluid injection of 10,000 ordinary production;, to 3.4V, place after 5 minutes with the charging current of the discharging current of 0.05C and 0.03C with the 0.03C current charges at 3.4V-2.3V cycle charge-discharge 4 times, charging current 0.03C; Discharging current 0.05C, and sealing liquid injection hole.3 days continued of ageing are accomplished constant-current charging of battery behind the 4.1V with 0.1C and are changed into the lithium ion battery A1 after obtaining changing into.
Embodiment 2
Get battery LP463446ARU after the fluid injection of 10,000 ordinary production;, to 3.5V, place after 5 minutes with the charging current of the discharging current of 0.05C and 0.03C with the 0.03C current charges at 3.5V-2.3V cycle charge-discharge 2 times, charging current 0.03C; Discharging current 0.05C, and sealing liquid injection hole.3 days continued of ageing are accomplished constant-current charging of battery behind the 3.85V with 0.1C and are changed into the lithium ion battery A2 after obtaining changing into.
Embodiment 3
Get battery LP463446ARU after the fluid injection of 100 ten thousand ordinary production, to 3.7V, shelve after 5 minutes with the charging current of the discharging current of 0.08C and 0.05C 3.5V-2.3V cycle charge-discharge 2 times with the 0.05C current charges.Continue with 0.05C electric current constant current charge to 3.7V, and seal liquid injection hole.3 days continued of ageing are accomplished constant-current charging of battery behind the 4.0V with 0.1C and are changed into the lithium ion battery A3 after obtaining changing into.
Embodiment 4
Get battery LP463446ARU after the fluid injection of 100 ten thousand ordinary production, to 3.53V, shelve after 5 minutes with the charging current of the discharging current of 0.05C and 0.04C 3.5V-2.3V cycle charge-discharge 2 times with the 0.04C current charges.Continue with 0.04C electric current constant current charge to 3.55V, and seal liquid injection hole.3 days continued of ageing are accomplished constant-current charging of battery behind the 3.95V with 0.09C and are changed into the lithium ion battery A4 after obtaining changing into.
Comparative example
Get battery LP463446ARU after the fluid injection of 100 ten thousand ordinary production, seal liquid injection hole after directly charging to 3.7V with the 0.05C electric current, no longer circulate.3 days continued of ageing are accomplished constant-current charging of battery behind the 3.85V with 0.1C and are changed into the lithium ion battery D1 after obtaining changing into.
The low-voltage ratio testing
With embodiment 1-3 and comparative example 1 obtain change into after lithium ion battery A1-A3 and D1, directly constant voltage charge is to 4.2V at normal temperatures, charging is by electric current 20mA.Be discharged to 3.0V with 0.5C then, at last with battery with the 0.3C constant current constant voltage to 3.82-3.86V, store 30 days, the ratio that the battery that voltage is lower than 3.0V accounts for the battery sum is defined as the low-voltage ratio, the result is as shown in table 1.
The initial capacity test
With embodiment 1-3 and comparative example 1 obtain change into after lithium ion battery A1-A3 and D1, directly constant voltage charge is to 4.2V at normal temperatures, charging is by electric current 20mA.Be discharged to 3.0V with 0.5C then, measure the initial capacity that obtains battery discharge, the result is as shown in table 2.
Low-voltage ratio after table 1 stores 30 days
| A1 | A2 | A3 | A4 | D1 | |
| The low-voltage ratio | 1592ppm | 1582ppm | 1539ppm | 1408ppm | 5733ppm |
Can find out from table 1; The low-voltage ratio of the battery A1-A3 of embodiment all is under the 1600ppm; The voltage that just after 100 ten thousand batteries are storing 30 days, only is being less than 1600 batteries is less than 3.0V, and the battery of Comparative Examples 1 has 5733 voltage less than 3.0V.The low-voltage ratio of Comparative Examples is more than three times of embodiment 1-3.This shows that the present invention effectively suppresses the serious problem of self-discharge of battery phenomenon.
The initial capacity distribution ratio of table 2 battery discharge (design capacity of battery is 800mAh)
| Capacity distributes | A1 | A2 | A3 | A4 | D1 |
| >850mAh | 8.42％ | 8.73％ | 8.27％ | 9.93％ | 10.76％ |
| 820-850mAh | 71.57％ | 70.52％ | 70.91％ | 71.63％ | 69.86％ |
| 800-820mAh | 15.75％ | 16.84％ | 15.83％ | 15.13％ | 16.16％ |
| 780-800mAh | 1.38％ | 1.23％ | 1.61％ | 1.14％ | 1.01％ |
| 760-780mAh | 0.67％ | 0.61％ | 0.87％ | 0.59％ | 0.54％ |
| <760mAh | 2.21％ | 2.07％ | 2.51％ | 1.58％ | 1.67％ |
Can find out that from table 2 the product initial capacity of embodiment A 1-A3 and Comparative Examples D1 distributes basic identical.It is thus clear that method of the present invention does not almost cause the irreversible waste of battery active material, battery capacity there is not influence basically.
In sum, visible the present invention can effectively suppress the self-discharge phenomenon of battery in storage process, reduces the low-voltage battery ratio, avoids energy waste.The initial capacity ratio that does not influence simultaneously battery distributes, and still keeps high power capacity to distribute.
Claims (7)
1. the chemical synthesizing method of a lithium rechargeable battery, this method change into battery changing under the temperature, it is characterized in that: the phase I with constant current charge to V
2Volt is then at V
2-V
1Volt circulation constant current charge-discharge at least 1 time, second stage with constant current charge to V
3Volt, voltage V
1＜voltage V
2＜voltage V
3Said voltage V
1Be the 2.3-2.5 volt, said voltage V
2Be the 3.5-3.7 volt, said voltage V
3Be the 3.85-4.0 volt.
2. chemical synthesizing method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said voltage V
1Be the 2.45-2.5 volt, said voltage V
2Be the 3.5-3.55 volt, said voltage V
3Be the 3.85-3.95 volt.
3. chemical synthesizing method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: at V
2-V
1The number of times of volt cycle charge-discharge is 2-10 time.
4. chemical synthesizing method according to claim 3 is characterized in that: at V
2-V
1The number of times of volt cycle charge-discharge is 2-5 time.
5. chemical synthesizing method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the electric current of said constant current charge and the electric current of constant-current discharge are 0.01-0.1C.
6. chemical synthesizing method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the electric current of the constant current charge of said phase I is 0.02-0.05C, and the electric current of the constant current charge of said second stage is 0.08C-0.1C; The electric current of said constant-current discharge is 0.03-0.08C.
7. chemical synthesizing method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in the said phase I with constant current charge to V
2
After the volt, also comprise battery was placed 2-15 minute.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008102166773A CN101714665B (en) | 2008-10-07 | 2008-10-07 | Battery formation method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008102166773A CN101714665B (en) | 2008-10-07 | 2008-10-07 | Battery formation method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101714665A CN101714665A (en) | 2010-05-26 |
| CN101714665B true CN101714665B (en) | 2012-08-01 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008102166773A Expired - Fee Related CN101714665B (en) | 2008-10-07 | 2008-10-07 | Battery formation method |
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Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101916881B (en) * | 2010-09-09 | 2012-06-06 | 浙江瑞邦科技有限公司 | Activation method of lithium ion battery |
| CN103579679B (en) * | 2012-08-09 | 2015-11-18 | 北汽福田汽车股份有限公司 | The chemical synthesizing method of lithium iron phosphate dynamic battery |
| CN103887564B (en) * | 2012-12-20 | 2016-01-13 | 北汽福田汽车股份有限公司 | A kind of fluid injection Activiation method of electrokinetic cell |
| CN105024096A (en) * | 2014-04-30 | 2015-11-04 | 江西赛特新能源科技有限公司 | Formation method for improving charge retention rate of lithium ion battery |
| CN104466257A (en) * | 2014-12-05 | 2015-03-25 | 江苏天鹏电源有限公司 | Formation process for reducing self-discharging rate of lithium ion battery |
| CN105449288B (en) * | 2015-12-22 | 2017-05-03 | 宁波中车新能源科技有限公司 | Formation method of ternary system battery capacitor |
| CN107959071B (en) * | 2017-11-15 | 2019-11-08 | 国联汽车动力电池研究院有限责任公司 | A kind of lithium ion battery and its chemical synthesizing method |
| CN110703108A (en) * | 2019-10-14 | 2020-01-17 | 郑州中科新兴产业技术研究院 | Method for determining storage time of battery cell |
| CN117413189A (en) * | 2022-04-19 | 2024-01-16 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Abnormal cell identification method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium |
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| US6020720A (en) * | 1997-10-16 | 2000-02-01 | Nec Corporation | Fast charging method and apparatus for secondary cells |
| CN101212066A (en) * | 2006-12-28 | 2008-07-02 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Li-ion secondary battery formation method |
| CN101212067A (en) * | 2006-12-29 | 2008-07-02 | 上海比亚迪有限公司 | Li-ion secondary battery formation method |
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2008
- 2008-10-07 CN CN2008102166773A patent/CN101714665B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6020720A (en) * | 1997-10-16 | 2000-02-01 | Nec Corporation | Fast charging method and apparatus for secondary cells |
| CN101212066A (en) * | 2006-12-28 | 2008-07-02 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Li-ion secondary battery formation method |
| CN101212067A (en) * | 2006-12-29 | 2008-07-02 | 上海比亚迪有限公司 | Li-ion secondary battery formation method |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| JP特开2003-7349A 2003.01.10 |
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