Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is: a kind of saturable reactor for converter valve electrical design method is provided, realizes the standardization of design process, standardization.
The iron core that The present invention be directed in the simplex winding form proposes its electrical design method around the shell-type structure of coil.This inductance coil that comprises non-linear iron core that may be summarized to be simple in structure.Therefore the action of electrical design mainly comprises core design and coil design two large divisions.
A kind of DC converter valve electrical design method of saturable reactor of the present invention, may further comprise the steps: iron core primary election, design of Windings, iron core refinement analysis, iron core air gap design and a saturated piecewise analysis step, it is characterized in that the electric property parameter index according to saturable reactor, determine the basic parameter or the device structure of reactor arrangement: fit, iron core and the coil material separately that comprises geometry form, structure building block, iron core and the coil of determining reactor is selected and index such as physical dimension; And after obtaining a parameter, whether meet the demands,, then revise initial setting, calculate again and verification, till all parameters all meet the demands, carry out the design of next part then if do not meet the demands with regard to other parameters of verification; The electric property parameter index of described saturable reactor comprises:
(1) reactor maximum voltage time product, promptly magnetic linkage changes maximum Δ Ψ=∫ Udt;
(2) reactor allows the maximum current I that flows through
Max
(3) reactor bears voltage max U
Max
(4) reactor air core inductor L
Air
(5) reactor D.C. resistance R
Cu
(6) the main sense of reactor is with the change curve Lm (i) of electric current;
(7) reactor iron loss resistance is with the change curve Re (i) of electric current;
(8) stray capacitance Cf between the reactor end.
Specifically may further comprise the steps:
At first obtain the electric property parameter index of saturable reactor, as the initial conditions of whole design process;
The first step according to the weber number, is determined iron core equivalence linkage area, in conjunction with the coil turn of setting, determines the required core area of each reactor;
Second step, a design of Windings, needs are determined external diameter, equivalent magnetic circuit length and winding single turn area of turn-to-turn distance, circle wheelbase and the circle span and the hollow tube of winding;
Then according to the area of a core area and a winding, and in conjunction with winding and assembly relation unshakable in one's determination, whether need adjust unshakable in one's determination area, if do not need to adjust, then continue next step if checking, adjust if desired, gets back to the first step so, adjusts once more;
In the 3rd step, coiling iron core thickness is selected in refinement unshakable in one's determination, and physical dimension;
In the 4th step, the selection of air gap unshakable in one's determination is in conjunction with the core material of tentatively choosing;
In the 5th step, saturated piecewise analysis unshakable in one's determination on the BH curve basis of selected core material, is calculated inductance and eddy current resistance change curve;
Inductance and the eddy current resistance change curve that calculates according to selected material then, check in conjunction with the inductance of saturable reactor and the requirement of eddy current resistance change curve,, then need to readjust the selection of core material if misfit, got back to for the 3rd step and recomputate, readjust; If coincide, then electrical design work is finished.
Method of the present invention also comprises verification correction step:
After second step was finished, according to the area of a core area and a winding, whether needed adjust unshakable in one's determination area, if do not need to adjust, then continue next step if checking, adjust if desired, gets back to the first step so, adjusts once more;
After the 5th step was finished, the inductance and the eddy current resistance change curve that calculate according to selected material, check in conjunction with the inductance of saturable reactor and the requirement of eddy current resistance change curve, if misfit, then need to readjust the selection of core material, got back to for the 3rd step and recomputate, readjust; If coincide, then electrical design work is finished.
Specifically may further comprise the steps:
(1) on the basis that the converter valve system electrical is analyzed, obtains the electric property parameter index that saturable reactor need satisfy, as the input parameter of whole implementation;
(2) according to the weber number of required saturable reactor, determine iron core equivalence linkage area, in conjunction with the coil turn of setting, determine the core area that each reactor is required;
Wherein:
Be the weber number, in the design input, provide; N is a coil turn, considers structural lightly, generally selects 3~4 circles; B is a magnetic flux density unshakable in one's determination, is determined by the core material performance;
The design of (3) winding space layouts, the turn-to-turn of determining winding height H grp and the width W grp behind d4, circle wheelbase d5, circle span d6, the outer diameter D ww of coil, the casting insulated material of winding;
After coil turn is selected,, can determine the magnitude of voltage that single-turn circular coil bears according to the maximum that saturable reactor bears voltage, the dielectric strength of epoxy resin is by its material properties decision, and the two is divided by, and considers certain nargin coefficient again, can determine the turn-to-turn distance, the circle wheelbase, the circle span, wherein, saturable reactor bears voltage max, epoxy numerical value dielectric strength, the nargin coefficient of each physical dimension is the design initial conditions;
The current density that allows the maximum current that flows through and coil method to allow according to saturable reactor, can determine the equivalent cross-sectional area of a winding, and then the equivalent through-flow diameter Dwire of definite winding, a kind of structural shape commonly used is to adopt the metal tubes of hollow as coil in the saturable reactor, heat dissipation pipe's diameter Dwater in can determining according to the heat radiation requirement, can determine the outer diameter D ww of a winding according to following formula:
Wherein, saturable reactor allows the maximum current that flows through, the current density of material, and interior heat dissipation pipe's diameter is initial conditions, on this basis, can further calculate height and thickness behind the casting insulated material of winding:
H
grp=ND
ww+(N-1)d
4+2d
5 (3)
W
grp=D
ww+2d
6 (4)
Single turn area Sw, length L w and the width Rw of a winding are determined in the design of (4) winding single turn parameters;
Can calculate the single turn area Sw of a winding according to following formula:
Wherein, Lair is an air core inductor, and μ 0 is a magnetic permeability, is initial conditions, and Leq is the air core inductor equivalent magnetic circuit, and computing formula is as follows:
L
eq=2(H
grp+W
grp) (6)
Can calculate the length and the width of single-turn winding according to following two formulas:
In the formula, Rcu is a winding direct current substitutional resistance, and ρ cu is the resistivity of winding material, is input parameter;
If Sw>S, then design meets the demands, and proceeds next step, otherwise carries out design of Windings again one time;
(5) theoretic throat Wfe unshakable in one's determination is determined in refinement unshakable in one's determination, actual (real) thickness C unshakable in one's determination, and width F, height G, single iron core cake length D, quantity Nfe unshakable in one's determination:
W
fe=S/L
fe (9)
Wherein Lfe is a total length unshakable in one's determination, and its value requires less than Lw; According to F 〉=Wgrp, three constraintss of G 〉=Hgrp and C 〉=Wfe are selected the cake unshakable in one's determination of moulding, according to cake length D unshakable in one's determination, in conjunction with thickness d 7 between cake unshakable in one's determination, can determine quantity Nfe unshakable in one's determination:
(6) air gap delta unshakable in one's determination is determined in the calculating of air gap unshakable in one's determination.:
At first calculate the relative permeability of saturable reactor:
Equivalent inductance unshakable in one's determination when wherein Lm is a unsaturation unshakable in one's determination, secondly, calculate inner magnetic flux density unshakable in one's determination:
Wherein Im is a keen current unshakable in one's determination, searches the working point of this moment and the magnetic field intensity Hfe of correspondence thereof in selected BH curve unshakable in one's determination, calculates the relativepermeability of this moment:
Can calculate air gap unshakable in one's determination according to following formula:
(7) determine the relation curve Lm (i) that main inductance changes with winding current i:
Wherein, AC and k represent cross-sectional area unshakable in one's determination and lamination coefficient respectively, by selected characteristic unshakable in one's determination decision; Ha is an average magnetic field intensity, is calculated as follows:
(8) determine the relation curve Re (i) that iron loss resistance changes with electric current:
Wherein, ρ fe is a resistivity unshakable in one's determination, and p is a coiling thickness unshakable in one's determination, and Bs is a saturation flux density unshakable in one's determination, is intrinsic property unshakable in one's determination; Bav (t) is different average flux density unshakable in one's determination constantly, according to circuital law, can be determined by correspondence winding current constantly, so just can set up the corresponding relation of Re and i;
(9) according to the selected core material and the material of air gap unshakable in one's determination, calculate the inductance and the eddy current resistance change curve of saturable reactor, requirement in conjunction with the inductance and the eddy current resistance change curve of saturable reactor? check, if misfit, then need to readjust the selection of core material, get back to step (5), readjust; If coincide, then electrical design work is finished;
(10) the determining of stray capacitance Cf between the saturable reactor end:
Stray capacitance can be estimated according to following formula by the structures shape of reactor:
Wherein, ε is a dielectric constant of air; Sc is the busbar area; Dc is the busbar spacing, if the estimation result requires at the same order of magnitude with the design input, it is qualified then to design; If gap is bigger, then returns step (4) and design again;
(11), finish the electrical design of saturable reactor with above-mentioned each geometric parameter, material parameter, the structural parameters output of unshakable in one's determination and winding.
Wherein, described stray capacitance is by the structures shape of reactor, adopt the Numerical Calculation of Electromagnetic Fields method to carry out modeling and calculating, at first, saturable reactor is carried out whole modeling, second step was carried out the numerical value mesh generation to model, the 3rd step applied the border incentive condition, the 4th step number value is found the solution, and is last, obtains stray capacitance through reprocessing.
Wherein, this method for designing can be used for the electrical design of simplex winding structure saturable reactor, also can be used for a Winding Design job to the saturable reactor double-winding structure, and the electrical design of double-winding structure is played booster action.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, design cycle is rigorous full and accurate, has realized the sequencing and the modularization of design work;
2, the mentality of designing of the science of " determine the device structure size according to the core capabilities calculation of parameter, other parameters are carried out the verification correction " has been adopted in design work.
Embodiment
The implementation of method for designing proposed by the invention is as follows, as shown in Figure 1.
At first obtain the requirement of the electric parameter of saturable reactor, as the input of whole implementation.
The first step according to the weber number, is determined iron core equivalence linkage area, in conjunction with the coil turn of setting, determines the required core area of each reactor.
Second step, a design of Windings.External diameter, equivalent magnetic circuit length and a winding single turn area of needing turn-to-turn distance, circle wheelbase and the circle span and the hollow tube of definite winding.
Then according to the area of a core area and a winding, and in conjunction with winding and assembly relation unshakable in one's determination, whether need adjust unshakable in one's determination area, if do not need to adjust, then continue next step if checking.Adjust if desired, get back to the first step so, adjust once more.
The 3rd step, refinement unshakable in one's determination.Select coiling iron core thickness, and physical dimension.
In the 4th step, the selection of air gap unshakable in one's determination is in conjunction with the core material of tentatively choosing.
The 5th step, saturated piecewise analysis unshakable in one's determination.On the BH curve basis of selected core material, calculate inductance and eddy current resistance change curve, as shown in Figure 2.
Inductance and the eddy current resistance change curve that calculates according to selected material then, check in conjunction with the inductance of saturable reactor and the requirement of eddy current resistance change curve, if misfit, the selection that then needs to readjust core material got back to for the 3rd step, readjusted; If coincide, then electrical design work is finished.
Each geometric parameter, material parameter, the structural parameters output of unshakable in one's determination and winding can be finished electrical design work.
Fig. 2 is certain BH curve unshakable in one's determination, the BH curve is magnetic flux density B unshakable in one's determination and magnetic field intensity H variation relation curve, although different BH curves unshakable in one's determination are had nothing in common with each other, but the Changing Pattern of curve is close, that is, initial period is a linear change, along with the increase of magnetic field intensity, progress into saturated section, B and H are non-linear relation.
Invention has been described according to specific exemplary embodiment herein.It will be conspicuous carrying out suitable replacement to one skilled in the art or revise under not departing from the scope of the present invention.Exemplary embodiment only is illustrative, rather than to the restriction of scope of the present invention, scope of the present invention is by appended claim definition.