CN101713284A - Over-long threaded heat pipe of sucker rod - Google Patents

Over-long threaded heat pipe of sucker rod Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101713284A
CN101713284A CN200910249884A CN200910249884A CN101713284A CN 101713284 A CN101713284 A CN 101713284A CN 200910249884 A CN200910249884 A CN 200910249884A CN 200910249884 A CN200910249884 A CN 200910249884A CN 101713284 A CN101713284 A CN 101713284A
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Prior art keywords
pipe
heat pipe
sucker rod
annular seal
heat
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CN200910249884A
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CN101713284B (en
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王淑彦
刘永建
王常斌
杜婉琳
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DAQING PETROLEUM INSTITUTE
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DAQING PETROLEUM INSTITUTE
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Publication of CN101713284B publication Critical patent/CN101713284B/en
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Abstract

The invention relates to an over-long threaded heat pipe of a sucker rod, mainly solving the problems of heat transfer barrier of the inner part of the heat pipe and difficulty of effectively forming good single-phase flow heat transfer on the outer side of the heat pipe because the inner side of the heat pipe with a smooth wall surface in the prior art is difficult to effectively produce good two-phase boiling and condensation heat transfer. The heat pipe is characterized in that a cavity of a sealing cavity (12) is of a threaded pipe shape; the sealing cavity (12) comprises an upper blocking cover (5), a lower blocking cover (1) and the heat pipe of the sucker rod (2), wherein the upper blocking cover (5) is closely installed on the upper end of the sucker rod; the lower blocking cover (1) is closely installed in the lower part of the sucker rod; and the heat pipe of the sucker rod (2) is provided with working media between the upper blocking cover and the lower blocking cover. Because the inner surface and the outer surface of the pipe wall have threads which increase the area of heat transfer, the over-long threaded heat pipe of the sucker rod reduces the heat transfer barrier of the inner part of the heat pipe, strengthens the single-phase flow heat transfer on the outer side of the heat pipe, ensures the high-efficiency heat transfer of the heat pipe of the sucker rod, inhibits the wax precipitation of crude oil, reduces the viscosity of the crude oil, and ensures the normal operation of an oil sucking machine.

Description

Over-long threaded heat pipe of sucker rod
Technical field:
The utility model relates to used pumping rod hot pipe in the oil recovery field, a kind of oil field, particularly a kind of over-long threaded heat pipe of sucker rod.
Background technology:
In heavy oil wells, high-solidifiability oil well and the high waxy oil well in oil field, equipment such as electrical heating are positioned in the sucker rod, to improve the flowability of wellbore oil.This class sucker rod upper end is stretched out well head and is linked to each other with oil pumper, and the lower end connects oil well pump.Rely on the reciprocating motion of oil well pump and oil pumper, crude oil is drawn up from underground, discharge from well mouth of oil well.Generally, the length of sucker rod is different with the depth of oil reservoir, and is most of more than 1000m.The sucker rod external diameter is generally 36～51mm, and wall thickness is 6～8mm.Used sucker rod is by constituting with the casing threads sealed connection mutually by the root sucker rod in the oil well.The length of every bar is between 8～15m.In oil well, the crude oil rate of climb is different with flow because of well depth, generally needs several hrs even tens hours from the shaft bottom to the well head.In so very long upwards process of flowing, because oil pipe dispels the heat to the stratum by sleeve pipe, the crude oil temperature in the oil pipe can from bottom to top reduce gradually, and approximately per 100 meters descend 3 ℃.Along with the reduction of temperature, viscosity one temperature relation in the oil pipe is exponential relationship and raises rapidly, and the flowability of crude oil can descend gradually, and is even not mobile.The crude oil that has can be separated out wax and attached on bar, the tube wall, to a certain degree then causing the oil well accident, be hindered the normal operation and the exploitation of oil well production.For viscosity and the freezing point that reduces crude oil in the oil well, prevent to analyse the generation of wax, using more at present, technology is mainly electromagnetism heating viscosity reduction method, this method power consumption is many, the cost height, and electric leakage produces the booster phenomenon sometimes, make safety can not get abundant assurance, reduce the oil well economic benefit.
In recent years, a kind of new oil well mode of heating is that the pumping rod hot pipe heating has received concern.Its basic principle is that sucker rod is made heat pipe, utilize the phase-change heat transfer principle of medium in the heat pipe, the heat that the oil well bottom is had the crude oil of higher temperature reaches oil pipe top, in order to improve the temperature of oil well middle and upper part crude oil, reduce the viscosity of crude oil, prevent that crude oil from analysing wax, thereby guarantee the normal operation of oil well.The typical structure of gravity assisted heat pipe and basic heat transfer theory are as shown in Figure 3.
But, directly adopted at present the smooth industrial pipe of traditional wall as typical heat pipe, the industrial typical heat pipe that the pumping rod hot pipe of overlength and traditional wall are smooth is compared has good phase-change heat transfer characteristic and flowability, the smooth heat pipe inboard of wall is difficult to effectively produce good two-phase boiling and condensing heat-exchange in the very long upwards process of flowing of crude oil, makes the excessive heat transfer obstacle that causes inside heat pipe of resistance of two phase flow; The heat pipe outside also is difficult to effectively form good single-phase convection heat exchange simultaneously.
Summary of the invention:
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to overcome the smooth heat pipe inboard of wall that exists in the background technology to be difficult to effectively to produce good two-phase boiling and condensing heat-exchange and to cause the heat transfer obstacle of inside heat pipe and the problem that the heat pipe outside is difficult to the good single-phase convection heat exchange of effectively formation, and provide a kind of over-long threaded heat pipe of sucker rod, this over-long threaded heat pipe of sucker rod is because the tube wall surfaces externally and internally has screw thread to increase the heat exchange heat transfer area, reduce the heat transfer obstacle of inside heat pipe and strengthened the single-phase convection heat exchange of the heat pipe outside, guaranteed the efficient heat transfer of pumping rod hot pipe, crude oil for inhibiting analyse wax, reduce viscosity of crude, guarantee the operate as normal of sucker rod.
The present invention solves its problem and can reach by following technical solution: this over-long threaded heat pipe of sucker rod comprises the pumping rod hot pipe that is tightly connected and is formed by several oil pumping pipeline sections, the inner chamber of pumping rod hot pipe forms the annular seal space that working media is housed, hypomere is respectively condensation segment and evaporator section on the annular seal space, and the cavity of described annular seal space is a threaded tubular.
Described annular seal space by airtightly be installed in the last blanking cover of sucker rod upper end, the airtight pumping rod hot pipe that working media is housed between the lower plug cover of below in the sucker rod, last lower plug cover that is installed in constitutes.
Described going up on the blanking cover is provided with pressure meter and safety valve;
The cavity of described annular seal space is one start screw pipe or multiple thread pipe;
The condensation segment of described annular seal space is the one start screw pipe, and evaporator section is the multiple thread pipe;
The condensation segment of described annular seal space is the multiple thread pipe, and evaporator section is the one start screw pipe;
Be connected to temperature pick up in the described annular seal space and in the crude oil passage;
Working media in the described annular seal space is a liquefied ammonia.
The present invention compares with the above-mentioned background technology can have following beneficial effect: this over-long threaded heat pipe of sucker rod is owing to adopt said structure, the multiple thread pipe of having used single head and traitorous distance on the overlength heat pipe is as heat-transfer surface, resistance and obstacle that boiling a difficult problem and the two-phase flow of liquid pool in the overlength heat pipe are run into have been overcome effectively, suppressed the formation of heat pipe outer surface flow boundary layer, increase the heat transfer surface area of heat pipe outer surface, make pumping rod hot pipe can reach efficient heat transfer and normal operation.The combination of single head riffled tube and multiple thread pipe effectively increases phase-change heat-exchange efficient and the outside heat convection of heat pipe in the heat pipe.Realized utilizing heat pipe principle that crude oil is reached in uphill process heating viscosity reduction voluntarily, prevented to analyse wax, thereby guaranteed the normal operation of oil well, safety is higher, and is simple in structure, easy to operate, reusable, reduced cost for oil production.
Description of drawings:
Accompanying drawing 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;
Accompanying drawing 2 is schematic diagrams of the present invention;
Accompanying drawing 3 is the basic heat transfer theory figure of heat pipe (→ expression low-temperature receiver, ← expression thermals source);
Accompanying drawing 4 is one start screw heat pipe structure schematic diagrames of the present invention;
Accompanying drawing 5 is multiple thread heat pipe structure schematic diagrames of the present invention;
Accompanying drawing 6 is threaded heat pipe of the present invention and the inboard heat-transfer character correlation curve of light pipe figure;
Accompanying drawing 7 is threaded heat pipe of the present invention and light pipe outside crude oil temperature variation characteristic correlation curve figure;
Accompanying drawing 8 is correlation curve figure of threaded heat pipe of the present invention and light pipe heat exchange area.
Among the figure: 1-lower plug cover, 2-pumping rod hot pipe, 3-tubing string, 4-temperature pick up, the last blanking cover of 5-, 6-safety valve, 7-pressure meter, 8-evaporator section, 9-condensation segment, 10-crude oil passage, 11-lift pump, 12-annular seal space.
The specific embodiment:
To be described further invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:
Accompanying drawing 1 is in conjunction with shown in Figure 2, this over-long threaded heat pipe of sucker rod comprises the pumping rod hot pipe 2 that is tightly connected and is formed by several oil pumping pipeline sections, the inner chamber of pumping rod hot pipe 2 forms the annular seal space 12 that working media is housed, annular seal space 12 epimeres are heat pipe condenser section 9, annular seal space 12 hypomeres are heat pipe evaporator section 8, the cavity of described annular seal space 12 is a threaded tubular, annular seal space 12 is by the airtight last blanking cover 5 that is installed in the sucker rod upper end, airtight pumping rod hot pipe 2 formations that are installed in the lower plug cover 1 of below in the sucker rod and working media upward is housed between lower plug cover, the position of lower plug cover 1 will be decided according to reservoir temperature, described going up on the blanking cover 5 is provided with pressure meter 7 and safety valve 6, safety valve 6 generally is in normally off, the effect of safety valve 6 is to open the annular seal space 2 that working media is housed is communicated with ambient atmosphere when off working state, and working media is emitted automatically; Also can descend instantaneous opening in working order, to get rid of the incondensable gas that top may exist; Working media prevents the seepage in heat pipe to external leakage and ambient atmos (air etc.) by the level pressure of pressure meter 7 and safety valve 6 in the pumping rod hot pipe 2, guarantees the operational effect of pumping rod hot pipe 2; Pumping rod hot pipe 2 and outside tubing string 3 formation crude oil path 10s, the screwed pipe cavity of described annular seal space 12 can also can be multiple thread for one start screw, as Fig. 4 and shown in Figure 5; Perhaps the condensation segment 9 of annular seal space 12 is the one start screw pipe, and evaporator section 8 is the multiple thread pipe; Perhaps the condensation segment 9 of annular seal space 12 is the multiple thread pipe, and evaporator section 8 is the one start screw pipe; Described multiple thread pipe can be two head thread pipes, three-start screw pipe or four-head screwed pipe; Be to test the Nu Xieerte criterion numeral Nu of different Reynolds criterion when counting Re under the situation of two head thread pipes, three-start screw pipe, four-head screwed pipe respectively to described multiple thread pipe, compare with light pipe sucker rod Nu Xieerte criterion numeral Nu when identical Reynolds criterion is counted Re of smooth tube wall, draw as shown in Figure 6 threaded heat pipe and the inboard special part correlation curve figure of heat transfer of light pipe sucker rod.As seen, counting under the Re in identical Reynolds criterion is under the identical situation of flow regime, different helicitic textures are compared with smooth tube wall adopting heat pipes for heat transfer characteristic, the Nu-number Nu of screwed pipe is apparently higher than plain tube, the pumping rod hot pipe 2 that is the screw thread tube wall has more good heat transfer, helps oil well bottom heat automatic transport to oil well top, as shown in Figure 7, thereby effectively improve oil well top crude oil temperature, away from the wax precipitation temperature of crude oil; Improve the average temperature of crude oil in pit shaft simultaneously, effectively reduce viscosity of crude, reduce the flow resistance of crude oil in pit shaft, thereby can reduce the electrical power of oil pumper.Being used in combination of the independent use of one start screw pipe and multiple thread pipe and one start screw pipe and multiple thread pipe, annular seal space 12 outer expansion thread surface are increased to the heat transfer surface area of crude oil path 10, as shown in Figure 8, increase in the pipe simultaneously and the outer heat-transfer capability of pipe, thereby can effectively improve phase-change heat-exchange efficient.Wherein one start screw tube coupling distance is the screw thread mm of 5-12, groove depth 0.5-5mm; The multiple thread pipe is switched political loyalty apart from being 10-40mm, becomes groove depth 0.4-8mm.Reach in the crude oil path 10 in the described annular seal space 12 and be connected to temperature pick up 4 respectively, described temperature pick up 4 is provided with three test probes, wherein two test probes embed respectively in the annular seal space 12 that working media is housed, be used to monitor the temperature of interior condensation segment 9 of annular seal space and evaporator section 8, described temperature pick up 4 remaining test probes are inserted in the crude oil path 10, be used to test the crude oil temperature in the oil well, temperature pick up 4 is used for operation monitoring, effectively guarantees its heat pipe validity.Working media in the described annular seal space 12 is a liquefied ammonia, the outer crude oil temperature of heat pipe is 100 ℃ to 30 ℃, and the temperature range of intraductal working medium is 80 ℃ to 50 ℃, in the said temperature scope, liquefied ammonia can show excellent heat-transfer character, and prevents that with oil well crude oil from analysing the requirement of wax and being consistent.
The operating principle of this over-long threaded heat pipe of sucker rod is: as shown in Figures 2 and 3, the present invention is applied to typical light pipe adopting heat pipes for heat transfer principle on the sucker rod in the oil well part of elongated sucker rod have been made threaded heat pipe.The thermal source that is heat pipe by the lift pump 11 continuous crude oil that promote is again the low-temperature receiver of heat pipe.In the oil well bottom, when the temperature of crude oil is higher, be the thermal source of the threaded heat pipe of overlength, heat is passed to threaded heat pipe by crude oil; And on oil well top, when crude oil temperature reduced gradually, on a certain height, the temperature of crude oil began to be lower than the medium temperature in the internal thread heat pipe, and heat is passed to crude oil by threaded heat pipe, and crude oil is heated.For the threaded heat pipe of overlength, the separation of its evaporator section 8 and condensation segment 9 is decided in its sole discretion by each heat transfer factor.Evaporator section and condensation segment adopt one start screw, the multiple thread of the distance of switching political loyalty and the multiple-threaded various combination of one start screw and traitorous distance.No matter be at evaporator section or at condensation segment, the heat transfer temperature difference of temperature gradually changes with the heat pipe height in thermal source or sink temperature and the heat pipe.At evaporator section, this temperature difference from bottom to top reduces gradually, enters after the condensation segment, and this temperature difference increases again gradually.Thereby the threaded heat pipe of overlength the heat flow density by wall is different at the differing heights place.Because the eddy flow of screwed pipe influence, the screwed pipe inner surface can be realized nucleate boiling under low mass velocity, even when heat transfer deterioration takes place, the inner surface wall temperature of screwed pipe is also far below light pipe heat pipe inner surface wall temperature, so threaded heat pipe can improve heat transfer, postpone heat transfer deterioration effectively, therefore compare with smooth tube wall, the screw thread pumping rod hot pipe can carry out more effective boiling and condensing heat-exchange, under accompanying drawing 6 visible identical Reynolds numbers, screw thread tube wall pumping rod hot pipe has more good heat transfer than smooth tube wall heat pipe.
Threaded heat pipe of the present invention, its length hundreds of rice in addition on km, the threaded heat pipe of this overlength and unique heat transfer condition, make pumping rod hot pipe can reach efficient heat transfer, realize utilizing heat pipe principle to make that crude oil heats viscosity reduction voluntarily in the oil well in uphill process, prevent to analyse wax, thereby guaranteed the normal operation of oil well.

Claims (8)

1. over-long threaded heat pipe of sucker rod, comprise the pumping rod hot pipe (2) that is tightly connected and forms by several oil pumping pipeline sections, the inner chamber of pumping rod hot pipe (2) forms the annular seal space (12) that working media is housed, annular seal space (12) is gone up hypomere and is respectively condensation segment (9) and evaporator section (8), and it is characterized in that: the cavity of described annular seal space (12) is a threaded tubular.
2. over-long threaded heat pipe of sucker rod according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described annular seal space (12) by airtight the last blanking cover (5) that is installed in sucker rod upper end, the airtight lower plug cover (1) that is installed in below in the sucker rod, go up pumping rod hot pipe (2) formation that working media is housed between lower plug cover.
3. over-long threaded heat pipe of sucker rod according to claim 2 is characterized in that: described going up on the blanking cover (5) is provided with pressure meter (7) and safety valve (6).
4. according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 described over-long threaded heat pipe of sucker rod, it is characterized in that: the cavity of described annular seal space (12) is one start screw pipe or multiple thread pipe.
5. according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 described over-long threaded heat pipe of sucker rod, it is characterized in that: the condensation segment (9) of described annular seal space (12) is the one start screw pipe, and evaporator section (8) is the multiple thread pipe.
6. according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 described over-long threaded heat pipe of sucker rod, it is characterized in that: the condensation segment (9) of described annular seal space (12) is the multiple thread pipe, and evaporator section (8) is the one start screw pipe.
7. according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 described over-long threaded heat pipe of sucker rod, it is characterized in that: be connected to temperature pick up (4) in the described annular seal space (12) and in the crude oil passage (10).
8. over-long threaded heat pipe of sucker rod according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the working media in the described annular seal space (12) is a liquefied ammonia.
CN 200910249884 2009-11-30 2009-11-30 Over-long threaded heat pipe of sucker rod Expired - Fee Related CN101713284B (en)

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CN101713284B CN101713284B (en) 2013-06-26

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103076040A (en) * 2012-11-23 2013-05-01 辽宁石油化工大学 Experimental model of wellhead heater
CN109113588A (en) * 2018-10-23 2019-01-01 董刚 A kind of extraction underground heat hollow rod
CN109812579A (en) * 2019-03-07 2019-05-28 安徽工业大学 Test drop tube furnace and its from cooling sealing device

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2505973B1 (en) * 1981-05-18 1985-12-20 Baker Int Corp INSULATING TUBULAR CONDUIT WITH CONCENTRIC WALLS TO FORM A TUBULAR COLUMN, AND MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREOF
CN2656788Y (en) * 2003-10-20 2004-11-17 沈阳工业学院 Automatic heating stove for oil field petroleum pipeline
CN1614192A (en) * 2003-11-06 2005-05-11 任利安 Use of high-efficient heat energy transferring medium technology for thick oil production
CN101298834A (en) * 2008-05-28 2008-11-05 刘永建 Ultralong pumping rod hot pipe assembly with high heat transfer characteristic
CN201546690U (en) * 2009-11-30 2010-08-11 大庆石油学院 Thread heat pipe of overlong oil-pumping rod

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103076040A (en) * 2012-11-23 2013-05-01 辽宁石油化工大学 Experimental model of wellhead heater
CN109113588A (en) * 2018-10-23 2019-01-01 董刚 A kind of extraction underground heat hollow rod
CN109812579A (en) * 2019-03-07 2019-05-28 安徽工业大学 Test drop tube furnace and its from cooling sealing device
CN109812579B (en) * 2019-03-07 2024-02-27 安徽工业大学 Dropper furnace for test and self-cooling sealing device thereof

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