CN101710741A - Method and device for smoothing pulse current - Google Patents
Method and device for smoothing pulse current Download PDFInfo
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- CN101710741A CN101710741A CN200910210842A CN200910210842A CN101710741A CN 101710741 A CN101710741 A CN 101710741A CN 200910210842 A CN200910210842 A CN 200910210842A CN 200910210842 A CN200910210842 A CN 200910210842A CN 101710741 A CN101710741 A CN 101710741A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for smoothing pulse current having ideal smoothing effects and little voltage fluctuation. The device comprises a current detection circuit, a power supply converting circuit and an energy storage capacitor, wherein the current detection circuit is used for detecting the intensity of power supply current; the power supply converting circuit is used for picking up electricity from a power supply circuit to charge the energy storage capacitor when the power supply current is less than preset charge starting current and to pick up electricity from the energy storage capacitor to supply power to an electricity consumption circuit when the power supply current is more than preset discharge starting current, and the charge starting current is less than the discharge starting current; furthermore, the power supply converting circuit is a step DC/DC convertor capable of changing input and output directions and comprises four electronic switches and an electrical inductance; a first electronic switch and a second electronic switch form a set of push-pull configuration; a third electronic switch and a fourth electronic switch form another set of push-pull configuration; and both ends of the electrical inductance are connected with the middle points of the two push-pull configurations respectively.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to reduce the technology of the ratio of the peak current of power supply and average current, relate in particular to a kind of smoothing method and device of pulse current.
Background technology
Peak current was more much bigger than average current when a lot of power consumption equipments were worked, normally adopt capacitor in the prior art or adopt inductor to add that these passive components and parts of capacitor (or being called passive device) come level and smooth pulse current, reduce the peak value and the average ratio of operating current.The said method operation is comparatively simple, but compensation effect is not good, needs the electric capacity of larger capacity to come store electrical energy usually.And the fluctuation that the charging of electric capacity and discharge must bring supply power voltage causes the supply power voltage instability.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention provides better pulse current smoothing method of a kind of relative prior art smooth effect and device.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, pulse current smoothing method of the present invention comprises the steps:
Detection supply current size;
When supply current during, from the power supply circuits power taking, with to the storage capacitor charging of presetting less than default charge initiation electric current;
When supply current during greater than default discharge starting current, from described storage capacitor power taking, with to the power circuit power supply, promptly this moment the supplementary power electric current;
Wherein, described charge initiation electric current is less than described discharge starting current.
Further, described charge initiation electric current is less than the average operating current of power circuit, and described discharge starting current is greater than the average operating current of power circuit.
Further, the inventive method also comprises: when described storage capacitor is charged, described storage capacitor is carried out pressurized treatment, so that it can store more electric energy.
Further, the inventive method also comprises: from described storage capacitor power taking the time, described storage capacitor is carried out step-down handle, so that it can discharge electric energy stored as far as possible.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, pulse current smoothing apparatus of the present invention comprises current detection circuit, power converting circuit and storage capacitor;
Wherein, described current detection circuit is used to detect the supply current size;
Described power source change circuit is used for when supply current during less than default charge initiation electric current, from the power supply circuits power taking, to described storage capacitor charging; And when supply current during greater than default discharge starting current, from described storage capacitor power taking, to power to power circuit;
Wherein, described charge initiation electric current is less than described discharge starting current.
Further, described charge initiation electric current is less than the average operating current of power circuit, and described discharge starting current is greater than the average operating current of power circuit.
Further, described power converting circuit can be to be that DC to DC converter is formed in parallel by opposite power transfer direction by two DC/DC converters.
Further, described power converting circuit can also be for mainly comprising a buck DC/DC converter that can change the input and output direction, this buck DC/DC converter that can change the input and output direction comprises four switches and an inductance, described four switches i.e. first switch, second switch, the 3rd switch and the 4th switch, wherein first switch and second switch constitute one group of push-pull configuration, and the 3rd switch and the 4th switch constitute another group push-pull configuration; Described inductance one terminates between described first switch and the described second switch, and the other end is connected between described the 3rd switch and the 4th switch.
Further, described four switches are electronic switch.
Then on off state by controlling each switch and sequential just can be controlled the input and output direction and boost and the conversion of step-down, and can recently regulate electric current and voltage by the duty of control switch.
Again further, described four electronic switches are MOSFET (Metal-Oxide-SemiconductorField-Effect Transistor, mos field effect transistor).
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
The present invention adopts the level and smooth scheme of active pulse current, compare with traditional level and smooth scheme of passive type pulse current, the capacitor of the enough less capacity of energy is realized better smooth effect, promptly reaches littler electric current peak-to-average force ratio, and only causes very little voltage fluctuation.
The present invention has been owing to carried out pressurized treatment when storage capacitor charge, thereby when not having pulse output, and storage capacitor is charged is not is not inputed or outputed the influence of voltage, and only is subjected to the restriction of components and parts withstand voltage, can store more energy.Simultaneously owing to when storage capacitor discharge, carried out the step-down processing, thereby can discharge the electric weight of storage when discharging as far as possible.
In addition, adopt the present invention program, the electric current of charging can be default by circuit, the peak current in the time of can not forming charging.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a pulse current smoothing apparatus application scenarios schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a pulse current smoothing apparatus operation principle schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the buck DC/DC transformer configuration schematic diagram that can change the input and output direction that the present invention adopts;
Fig. 4 can change the buck DC/DC converter of input and output direction and the annexation schematic diagram between the storage capacitor;
Fig. 5 is the operation principle schematic diagram in the time of can changing the buck DC/DC converter step-down of input and output direction;
Fig. 6 is typical voltage-dropping type DC/DC converter principle schematic diagram;
Fig. 7 is the operation principle schematic diagram in the time of can changing the buck DC/DC converter boost of input and output direction;
Fig. 8 is typical step-up DC/DC converter principle schematic diagram;
Fig. 9 is the electrical block diagram of the pulse current smoothing apparatus of an instantiation of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments the present invention is described in further detail.
Central principle of the present invention is storage capacitor is charged and to discharge with active control circuit, to reach the dynamic smoothing pulse current.Its course of work is when the pulse power circuit is in inter-train pause, by a kind of buck DC/DC converter (hereinafter to be referred as DC/DC) that can change the input and output direction, from the power supply circuits absorption current, storage capacitor to be charged.When power circuit was in pulse peak current, the energy in the storage capacitor discharged by this DC/DC.When the benefit of doing like this is storage power, initiatively to the electric capacity charging, voltage can be promoted,, reach the rational voltage tolerance value of electric capacity, and not influenced by operating voltage to store more multipotency by this DC/DC; When releasing energy, initiatively discharge, can the energy in the storage capacitor fully be discharged, and be not subjected to the restriction of operating voltage fluctuation by this DC/DC.
Pulse current smoothing method of the present invention specifically comprises the steps:
Detection supply current size;
If supply current less than default charge initiation electric current, then extracts electric energy from power supply circuits,, when storage capacitor is charged, this storage capacitor is carried out pressurized treatment to the storage capacitor charging of presetting;
If supply current greater than default discharge starting current, then from the storage capacitor power taking, with to the power circuit power supply, promptly in order to the supplementary power electric current, from the storage capacitor power taking time, carries out step-down to this storage capacitor and handles;
Wherein, the charge initiation electric current is less than the average operating current of power circuit, and the discharge starting current is greater than the average operating current of power circuit.
The application scenarios of pulse current smoothing apparatus of the present invention as shown in Figure 1, pulse current smoothing apparatus of the present invention is inserted between power supply circuits and the pulse power circuit (circuit of various high peak currents or peak power), can reduce requirement the power supply circuits peak current.
Pulse current smoothing apparatus 2 of the present invention inserts between power supply circuits 1 and the power circuit 3, and after adding apparatus of the present invention, the pulse current or the peak current of power circuit are level and smooth through apparatus of the present invention, and from power supply circuits, the power circuit operating current is even, and it is little to fluctuate.
Pulse current smoothing apparatus operation principle of the present invention as shown in Figure 2.Current detection circuit 4 detects supply currents, when supply current during less than the charge initiation set point, starts power converting circuit 5, and storage capacitor 6 is charged; When supply current starts set point greater than discharge, start power converting circuit 5, get energy from storage capacitor 6, the supplementary power electric current.Power converting circuit 5 is a kind ofly can change the input and output direction, and can realize boosting and the DC/DC converter of step-down.Employing has boosts and the DC/DC converter of buck functionality mainly contains two benefits: the one, when discharge, when the storage capacitor both end voltage from higher until lower can both working well, fully to give off energy; When charging, can be charged to higher set point in addition always, and obtain higher efficient from lower voltage.
The present invention mainly is made up of current detection circuit 4, power converting circuit 5, storage capacitor 6 three parts.During work, according to the mode of operation of current detecting situation decision power converting circuit.When supply current during less than the charge initiation set point, power converting circuit 5 gives storage capacitor 6 chargings from the power supply circuits power taking; When electric current started set point greater than discharge, power converting circuit 5 was powered to power circuit from storage capacitor 6 power takings.This set point is optimized design according to the characteristics of power circuit, and charge initiation is different with the set point that discharge starts, and the charge initiation set point starts set point less than discharge.
Common charge initiation electric current is less than the average operating current of power circuit (need consider the energy consumption and the loss in efficiency of pulse current smoothing apparatus of the present invention) during practical operation, and the discharge starting current is greater than the average operating current of power circuit.The difference of charge initiation electric current and discharge starting current and the average operating current of electricity consumption electric current can be for: the fluctuating of the average operating current of power circuit (as the variation of environmental impact, application state etc.), with two to three times of sums of The noise.
Power converting circuit needs special design among the present invention, should charge to storage capacitor, can power to power circuit from the storage capacitor power taking again, therefore, power converting circuit need can control break input and output direction the two-way changing ability, simultaneously, in order to improve the efficient of storage capacitor charging and discharge, need boost and step-down.Can be charged to design load in the time of can guaranteeing to charge to the storage capacitor supercharging, this design load is usually above supply power voltage, to store enough energy, under alap voltage, work in the time of guaranteeing discharge to the storage capacitor step-down, to discharge the storage capacitor energy stored as far as possible.
Have typical DC/DC converter that work enables to control by opposite power transfer direction parallel connection with two, promptly can use as the supply convertor that the present invention proposes.
The present invention has proposed a kind of special supply convertor simultaneously: can change the buck DC/DC converter of input and output direction, it has more advantage on cost.This can change the buck DC/DC converter topology structure of input and output direction and principle thereof as shown in Figure 3, and this is a complete symmetrical structure, can realize power conversion from left to right, also can realize power conversion from right to left.
Its core comprises four switch SW 1～SW4 and an inductance L, and these four switches are electronic switch in the embodiment of the invention, and these four electronic switches are served as by mos field effect transistor MOSFET.Wherein the first electronic switch SW1 and the second electronic switch SW2 constitute one group of push-pull configuration, the 3rd electronic switch SW3 and quadrielectron switch SW 4 constitute another group push-pull configuration, link to each other with the mid point of inductance L two groups of push-pull configurations, be that inductance L one terminates between the first electronic switch SW1 and the second electronic switch SW2, the other end is connected between the 3rd electronic switch SW3 and the quadrielectron switch SW 4.Because this structure that can change the buck DC/DC converter of input and output direction is symmetrical fully, therefore only need the on off state of each electronic switch of control and sequential just can control the input and output direction and boost and the conversion of step-down, and can recently regulate electric current and voltage by the duty of controlling electronic switch.
The DC/DC converter is between power circuit and storage capacitor in apparatus of the present invention, and the basic connected mode of DC/DC converter and storage capacitor as shown in Figure 3.
Working method when this can change the buck DC/DC converter step-down of input and output direction as shown in Figure 5, the energy delivery direction is from left to right.Wherein the first electronic switch SW1, the second electronic switch SW2 and inductance L constitute typical synchro switch voltage-dropping type DC/DC converter.Wherein the 3rd electronic switch SW3 opens a way, quadrielectron switch SW 4 closures.Vin represents input among Fig. 6, shows the port that the DC/DC converter provides energy; Vout represents DC/DC converter energy output port.Same-sign meaning among other figure is same meaning therewith.
Typical voltage-dropping type DC/DC converter principle as shown in Figure 6.SW is an electronic switch among the figure, adopts MOSFET usually.D is a diode, and passive conducting plays the afterflow effect.This diode replaces with electronic switch in synchro switch type DC/DC converter, can obtain higher efficient.
Working method when this can change the buck DC/DC converter boost of input and output direction as shown in Figure 7, the energy delivery direction is from left to right.The 3rd electronic switch SW3, quadrielectron switch SW 4 and inductance L constitute typical synchronous switch boost type DC/DC converter.The first electronic switch SW1 closure wherein, second electronic switch SW2 open circuit.The synchronous switch boost pattern diagram:
It is typical that step-up DC/the DC converter principle as shown in Figure 8.
SW is an electronic switch among Fig. 8, uses MOSFET usually.D is a diode, and passive conducting plays rectified action.This diode replaces with electronic switch in synchro switch type DC/DC converter, can obtain higher efficient.
Fig. 9 is the electrical block diagram of the pulse current smoothing apparatus of an instantiation of the present invention.As shown in the figure, the circuit of pulse current smoothing apparatus of the present invention comprises current sensor, power sense circuit, can change the buck DC/DC converter and the storage capacitor of input and output direction.The buck DC/DC converter that wherein can change the input and output direction is furnished with corresponding control logic and pulse-width modulation circuit.
Four electronic switch SW1～SW4 and inductance L are the Power Conversion parts among Fig. 9, carry out power conversion between power circuit and storage capacitor C.Amplifier CSA constitutes current sensor with the sample resistance that is connected thereon.Voltage error amplifier, current error amplifier, saw-toothed wave generator and coupled comparator constitute PWM (pulse width modulation) circuit, produce the PWM modulation signal, are used for the duty ratio of control change device work.Control logic and other four comparators are according to the mode of operation of electric current and voltage status control change device.
The present invention compares with traditional passive type can reach to use than the capacitor of low capacity and realizes better smooth effect, promptly littler electric current peak-to-average force ratio and very little voltage fluctuation.
As follows from the formula of capacitor stores energy:
In the formula, E represents energy stored; C represents condenser capacity; V represents charging voltage.
Therefore capacitor by the energy that process discharged of the level and smooth pulse current that discharges is:
ΔE＝E
0-E
1
Δv＝v
0-v
1
In the formula, Δ E represents the energy that discharges, is discharge electric capacity storage power E when initial
0Electric capacity storage power E during with discharge off
1Difference; C represents condenser capacity; V
0Capacitor two ends charging voltage when the expression discharge is initial; V
1Capacitor two ends charging voltage during the expression discharge off.
For example conventional 5V power supply, circuit is by the voltage fluctuation of tolerance 5%.And after the employing technical solution of the present invention, double by maximum charging voltage, storage capacitor discharge off residual voltage is the 3V estimation, the energy that can discharge so improves 18 times.If the loss of deduction DC/DC transducer effciency by 90% efficiency estimation, also has 16 times income so.Output voltage fluctuation simultaneously is the ripple of DC/DC converter only, do not have capacitor discharge and the electric voltage dropping that produces, so the output voltage precision is higher.
Simultaneously, when not having pulse output, charging is not is not inputed or outputed the influence of voltage to storage capacitor, and only is subjected to the restriction of components and parts withstand voltage, can store more energy.The electric current of charging can be default by circuit, the peak current in the time of can not forming charging.
For example in the middle of the data card of USB interface was used, because GSM work and pulse mode, its peak current often reached 2A, and the power supply of USB mouth can only provide 500mA by standard.In order to guarantee less peak current and voltage, design in the past is the big electric capacity of dozens or even hundreds of millifarad in parallel connection on the power line, and the high size of its price is big, and design brings puzzlement to data card.And after the employing technical solution of the present invention, capacitance can dwindle tens times.And along with development of semiconductor, the DC/DC device cost descends day by day, and application scenarios of the present invention can be more wide.
Above-described specific embodiment, purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect are further described, institute it should be noted, the above only is specific embodiments of the invention, and those skilled in the art can carry out various changes and modification to the present invention and not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention.Like this, if of the present invention these are revised and modification belongs within the scope of the technical scheme of claim record of the present invention and equivalent technologies thereof, then the present invention also is intended to comprise these changes and modification interior.
Claims (10)
1. a pulse current smoothing method is characterized in that comprising the steps:
Detection supply current size;
When supply current during, from the power supply circuits power taking, with to the storage capacitor charging of presetting less than default charge initiation electric current;
When supply current during greater than default discharge starting current, from described storage capacitor power taking, with to the power circuit power supply, promptly this moment the supplementary power electric current;
Wherein, described charge initiation electric current is less than described discharge starting current.
2. want 1 described pulse current smoothing method according to right, it is characterized in that:
Described charge initiation electric current is less than the average operating current of power circuit, and described discharge starting current is greater than the average operating current of power circuit.
3. want 1 or 2 described pulse current smoothing methods according to right, it is characterized in that this method also comprises:
When described storage capacitor is charged, described storage capacitor is carried out pressurized treatment.
4. want 1 or 2 described pulse current smoothing methods according to right, it is characterized in that this method also comprises:
From described storage capacitor power taking the time, described storage capacitor is carried out step-down handle.
5. pulse current smoothing apparatus is characterized in that:
This device comprises current detection circuit, power converting circuit and storage capacitor;
Wherein, described current detection circuit is used to detect the supply current size;
Described power source change circuit is used for when supply current during less than default charge initiation electric current, from the power supply circuits power taking, to described storage capacitor charging; And when supply current during greater than default discharge starting current, from described storage capacitor power taking, to power to power circuit;
Wherein, described charge initiation electric current is less than described discharge starting current.
6. pulse current smoothing apparatus according to claim 5 is characterized in that:
Described charge initiation electric current is less than the average operating current of power circuit, and described discharge starting current is greater than the average operating current of power circuit.
7. according to claim 5 or 6 described pulse current smoothing apparatus, it is characterized in that:
Described power converting circuit is to be formed in parallel by opposite power transfer direction by two DC to DC converter.
8. according to claim 5 or 6 described pulse current smoothing apparatus, it is characterized in that:
Described power converting circuit mainly comprises a buck-boost type DC to DC converter that can change the input and output direction;
The described buck DC to DC converter that can change the input and output direction comprises four switches and an inductance, and described four switches i.e. first switch, second switch, the 3rd switch and the 4th switch;
Wherein first switch and second switch constitute one group of push-pull configuration, and the 3rd switch and the 4th switch constitute another group push-pull configuration;
Described inductance one terminates between described first switch and the described second switch, and the other end is connected between described the 3rd switch and the 4th switch.
9. pulse current smoothing apparatus according to claim 8 is characterized in that:
Described four switches are electronic switch.
10. pulse current smoothing apparatus according to claim 9 is characterized in that:
Described four electronic switches are mos field effect transistor.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2009102108429A CN101710741B (en) | 2009-11-11 | 2009-11-11 | Method and device for smoothing pulse current |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2009102108429A CN101710741B (en) | 2009-11-11 | 2009-11-11 | Method and device for smoothing pulse current |
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| CN101710741A true CN101710741A (en) | 2010-05-19 |
| CN101710741B CN101710741B (en) | 2012-07-18 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102622023A (en) * | 2011-01-26 | 2012-08-01 | 北京友信宏科电子科技有限公司 | Solution of single power supply for current feedback type sensor |
| CN102739038A (en) * | 2011-04-15 | 2012-10-17 | 波音公司 | Bi-directional converter voltage controlled current source for voltage regulation |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| USRE42334E1 (en) * | 2000-12-21 | 2011-05-10 | Ricoh Company, Ltd. | Smoothing circuit employing charging circuit intermittently charging when input voltage is higher relatively than terminal voltage and discharging circuit intermittently releasing discharging current when terminal voltage is higher relatively than input voltage |
| KR20030094002A (en) * | 2002-05-30 | 2003-12-11 | 엔이씨 도낀 가부시끼가이샤 | Hybrid power supply system |
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2009
- 2009-11-11 CN CN2009102108429A patent/CN101710741B/en active Active
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102622023A (en) * | 2011-01-26 | 2012-08-01 | 北京友信宏科电子科技有限公司 | Solution of single power supply for current feedback type sensor |
| CN102622023B (en) * | 2011-01-26 | 2016-07-06 | 北京友信宏科电子科技有限公司 | Current feedback sensor single supply system |
| CN102739038A (en) * | 2011-04-15 | 2012-10-17 | 波音公司 | Bi-directional converter voltage controlled current source for voltage regulation |
| US9531190B2 (en) | 2011-04-15 | 2016-12-27 | The Boeing Company | Bi-directional converter voltage controlled current source for voltage regulation |
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Effective date of registration: 20170803 Address after: To help the 637200 Nanchong City Industrial Park in Sichuan Province in Xichong County Patentee after: Sichuan Hongfan special equipment Engineering Co. Ltd. Address before: 518057 Nanshan District Guangdong high tech Industrial Park, South Road, science and technology, ZTE building, Ministry of Justice Patentee before: ZTE Corporation |