CN101707291A - Broadband dual polarized antenna unit - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a broadband dual-polarized antenna unit, which includes a radiator and a balanced feeding device. The radiator is composed of four radiators, and the four radiators are symmetrical and orthogonally distributed. The balanced feeding device is composed of two parts: the exciting core wire and the balanced balun. The balanced balun also forms the support body of each radiation piece. The length of the symmetrical radiation array is about one-half wavelength, and the width is about one-quarter wavelength. The radiating sheet further includes a supporting area and a radiating area adjacent to each other, the two short sides and the long sides of the radiating area and the two waists of the supporting area form a continuous curve, the length of the waist of the supporting area and the length of the short side of the radiating area The ratio between the length of the long side and the length of the radiation area is about 1:1:2, the two adjacent waists of the left and right adjacent radiation sheets are arranged in parallel, and the gap between the two waists is less than 0.1 wavelength. The invention is a radiation vibrator with a relatively wide bandwidth, and the vibrator has excellent indexes such as standing wave ratio in a wide frequency band.

Description

A Broadband Dual Polarized Antenna Unit

[technical field]

The invention relates to the field of mobile communication base station antennas, in particular to a broadband dual-polarized antenna.

[technical background]

Mobile communication is playing an increasingly important role in people's daily life. By the end of 2007, the number of mobile communication users in my country has exceeded 540 million, and more than 1 million base station antennas have been put into use. With the continuous increase of mobile communication services and types, the working frequency bands of various systems are also expanding. The working frequency of smart antenna in TD-SCDMA network is 1880-1920MHz, 2010-2025MHz, 2300-2400MHz. The communication frequency of DCS is 1710-1880MHz. The communication frequency of PCS is 1850-1990MHz. The communication frequency of UMTS is 1920-2170MHz. Part of the communication frequency band of WiMax (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access) is 2300-2700MHz. Therefore, a market demand for designing a broadband antenna that takes into account the above-mentioned standards has been put forward.

The relative frequency bandwidth of 1710-2400MHz exceeds 33%, and the relative frequency bandwidth of 1710-2700MHz is close to 45%. limit. In the existing design schemes of broadband oscillators, there are few relative bandwidths exceeding 45%. For example, the broadband oscillators described in patent No. ZL200820122837.3, CN 201174423Y, and CN 101465475A have a relative bandwidth of only about 33%.

[Content of the invention]

The object of the present invention is to provide a radiation oscillator with a relatively wide bandwidth, and the oscillator has excellent indicators such as standing wave ratio in a wider frequency band.

The purpose of the present invention is achieved like this:

A broadband dual-polarized antenna unit, including a radiator and a balanced feeder, the balanced feeder feeds the radiator, that is, excites the radiator, and the radiator is composed of four radiators, the four The radiation pieces are distributed symmetrically and orthogonally in pairs, forming two pairs of orthogonal symmetrical radiation arrays. The balanced feeder is composed of two parts: the excitation core wire and the balance balun. The balance balun also constitutes the support body of each radiation piece. The length of the symmetrical radiation array is about 1/2 wavelength, and the width is about 1/4 wavelength. The radiation sheet further includes a support area and a radiation area adjacent to each other. The support area is in the shape of an isosceles trapezoid. The support area is located in the middle of the radiator and connected to the support body, the radiation area is located on the periphery of the radiator, and the periphery of the radiation area has a long side and two short sides of equal length arranged on both sides of the long side , the ends of the two short sides away from the long sides are respectively connected to one end of the two waists of the support area, the two short sides and the long sides of the radiation area and the two waists of the support area form a continuous curve, the waist length and the waist length of the support area The ratio between the length of the short side of the radiation area and the length of the long side of the radiation area is about 1:1:2, the two adjacent waists of the two adjacent radiation sheets are arranged in parallel, and the distance between the two waists The gap is less than 0.1 wavelength.

The excitation core wire coupling feed that constitutes the balanced feed device is described above.

The above-mentioned balanced balun is in the shape of a hollow column, the excitation core wire is inserted into the inside of the balance balun, and the excitation core wire and the balance balun form a pair of microstrip transmission lines, the feed end of the excitation core wire and the feeder end of the antenna connected to the electrical network.

The above-mentioned excitation core wire is "n" type, both ends of which are inserted into the inside of the balance balun and isolated from the balance balun.

The part where the exciting core wire is inserted into the balance balun is provided with several fixing blocks, and the several fixing blocks are clamped in the balance balun, and the exciting core wire passes through the middle of the several fixing blocks.

The above-mentioned fixing block is arranged at the feeding end of the excitation core wire and the top of the balance balun.

The balance balun mentioned above is a hollow square column with a height of 1/4 wavelength and a wall thickness of 1mm. The support body is perpendicular to the radiation sheet, and the support body and the radiation sheet are designed as one in physical structure.

Several reinforcing ribs are provided at the junction between the radiation sheet and the supporting body.

The aforementioned radiating sheet can be a solid structure or a hollow structure.

If the above-mentioned broadband dual-polarized antenna unit is provided with a reflector, the balanced balun is fixed on the reflector.

Its beneficial effect is: the invention overcomes the horizontal beam width of the antenna dipole in the existing broadband dual-polarization antenna technology, which varies greatly with the frequency, the gain of the antenna dipole is relatively low, the cross polarization is generally not good, and the current between the antennas is not good. Balanced, troublesome assembly, poor consistency and other defects, provide an integrated broadband dual-polarization vibrator, it is simple in structure, easy to install, easy to feed, good in consistency, easy to produce; relative bandwidth exceeds 45%, and in The VSWR and other indicators in a wide frequency band are excellent. Moreover, it has the advantages of good cross-polarization characteristics, small horizontal beam width fluctuation, high gain and high front-to-back ratio.

[Description of drawings]

Fig. 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the overall structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

3 is a schematic structural diagram of a radiator in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of one of the radiation sheets in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

Figure 6 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

Figure 7 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 4 of the present invention;

Fig. 8 is a curve diagram of frequency characteristics of +45° polarization voltage standing wave ratio of the present invention;

Fig. 9 is a curve diagram of frequency characteristics of the -45° polarization VSWR of the present invention.

[Detailed ways]

The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Example 1:

As shown in FIG. 1 , the broadband dual-polarized antenna of this embodiment includes a reflector 1 , a support body 2 , four radiation pieces 3 , a fixing block 4 and an excitation core wire 5 . The four radiation sheets 3 are symmetrical and perpendicular to each other, forming the radiation body of this embodiment.

The reflector 1 is a metal plate, which plays the role of reflecting electromagnetic waves and fixing it, and its thickness is negligible relative to the working wavelength.

The support body 2 is fixed on the reflection plate 1 to form a DC short circuit. The support body 2 is in the shape of a hollow cuboid with a wall thickness of 1 mm. The excitation core wire 5 is in an "n" shape. One end is disconnected to play a coupling role, and the other end passes through the reflector 1 downwards and is connected to the feed network on the back of the reflector 1 .

The support body 2 also forms a balanced balun, and the excitation core wire 5 and the support body 2 form a pair of microstrip transmission lines, which together constitute the balanced feeder of this embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 4, the radiation sheet 3 further includes a support area 3-1 in the shape of an isosceles trapezoid and a radiation area 3-2 in a quadrangular shape. The support area 3-1 is located in the middle of the radiator and is supported by the Body 2 support, the radiation zone 3-2 is located in the peripheral part of the radiator, the waist length a of the isosceles trapezoidal support zone 3-1 and the width b and length c of the quadrangular radiation zone 3-2 The ratio relationship is about 1:1:2. As shown in FIG. 3 , the four radiation sheets are distributed symmetrically and orthogonally in pairs, and the gap between two adjacent radiation sheets is less than 0.1 wavelength. The two wide sides and long sides of the radiation area 3-2 and the two waists of the support area 3-1 form a continuous curve, and the adjacent two waists of the two radiation sheets 3 adjacent to the left and right are arranged in parallel, and the two waists between the two waists The gap is less than 0.1 wavelength.

The radiation area in this embodiment is in the shape of a rectangle, but it is not limited thereto, and may also be a quadrangle in other shapes.

The radiation sheet 3 is integrated with the support body 2 and forms an included angle of 90 degrees. The connection between the radiation sheet 3 and the support body 2 is treated with chamfering, and ribs are provided to increase the strength. The material of the radiation sheet 3 can be copper, bronze, aluminum, zinc alloy, etc., and the material used in this embodiment is zinc alloy.

Since the excitation core wire 5 is not connected to the support body 2 and the radiation sheet 3 in this embodiment, in order to better fix the excitation core wire 5 inside the support body 2, the injection molding process is adopted in this embodiment, and the excitation core wire 5 is Inlaid with a fixed block 4 made of insulating material, as shown in Figure 1, the fixed block 4 is clamped in the support body 2, and the exciting core wire 5 passes through the middle of the fixed block 4. In this embodiment, the exciting core wire The feeding end of 5 and the top of the supporting body 2 are respectively provided with a fixing block 4 .

In this embodiment, an example of actual measurement of a broadband antenna vibrator is provided. The thickness of the aluminum alloy reflector 1 used is about 1.5 mm, the length and width are about 200 mm×150 mm, and the height of the used support body 2 is about 35 mm. The wave vibrator has a length of about 70mm and a width of about 30mm, and sides a, b and c in Figure 3 are about 15mm, 15mm, and 30mm. Put this vibrator in a microwave anechoic chamber and use a network analyzer to measure the vibrator. The obtained voltage standing wave ratios are shown in Figure 8 and Figure 9. It can be seen from the figure that when VSWR≤1.4, the impedance bandwidth exceeds 45%.

Example 2:

As shown in FIG. 5 , the difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the radiation sheet 3 in Embodiment 1 is a solid body, and this embodiment adopts a hollow structure.

Example 3:

As shown in FIG. 6 , similar to Embodiment 2, the radiation sheet of this embodiment adopts another hollow structure.

Example 4:

As shown in FIG. 7 , the radiation sheet of this embodiment adopts a hollow structure different from that of Embodiment 2 and Embodiment 3.

Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and equivalent technologies, the present invention also intends to include these modifications and variations. The radiation sheet of this patent can be solid or hollowed out, as shown in Figure (4). Three hollowed-out schemes of the radiation sheet are also given in this patent, but it is not limited to these three schemes.

Claims (10)

1. the dual polarized antenna unit in a broadband, comprise radiant body and balance feeder equipment, this balanced feeding device is the excitation radiation body to the radiant body feed, this radiant body is made up of four radiation fins, described four radiation fins are symmetry and omnidirectional distribution in twos, forms the symmetrical radiating curtain of two pairs of quadratures, and this balanced feeding device is made up of excitation heart yearn and balance Ba Lun two parts, this balance Ba Lun constitutes the supporter of each radiation fin simultaneously, it is characterized in that:

Described symmetrical radiating curtain length is about 1/2nd wavelength, width is about quarter-wave, this radiation fin further comprises a Support and a radiation area that adjoins mutually, this Support is the isosceles trapezoid shape, this Support is positioned at the middle part of this radiant body, and be connected with supporter, this radiation area is positioned at the periphery of this radiant body, the periphery of this radiation area has a long limit and is respectively in the two isometric minor faces of these both sides, length limit, described two minor faces are connected with an end of Support two waists respectively away from an end on long limit, two waists of two minor faces of this radiation area and long limit and Support are formed full curve, proportionate relationship between the long edge lengths of the waist length of described Support and the bond length of radiation area and radiation area is about 1: 1: 2, the adjacent two adjacent waists of two radiation fins in the described left and right sides be arranged in parallel, and the gap between two waists is less than 0.1 wavelength.

2. the dual polarized antenna unit in a kind of broadband according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the excitation heart yearn coupling feed of described Compositional balance feeder equipment.

3. the dual polarized antenna unit in a kind of broadband according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described balance Ba Lun is the column of hollow, this excitation heart yearn inserts this balance Ba Lun inside, this excitation heart yearn and this balance Ba Lun constitute a pair of microstrip transmission line, and the feed end and the feeding network of array antennas of described excitation heart yearn link.

4. the dual polarized antenna unit in a kind of broadband according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described excitation heart yearn is " n " type, and the inside of balance Ba Lun is inserted at two ends, and isolates with this balance Ba Lun.

5. the dual polarized antenna unit in a kind of broadband according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: the part that described excitation heart yearn inserts balance Ba Lun is provided with the plurality of fixed piece, this plurality of fixed piece is fastened among this balance Ba Lun, and this excitation heart yearn passes from this plurality of fixed piece middle part.

6. the dual polarized antenna unit in a kind of broadband according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: described fixed block is located at the top of feed end and this balance Ba Lun of this excitation heart yearn.

7. according to the dual polarized antenna unit in each described a kind of broadband of claim 1-6, it is characterized in that: described balance Ba Lun is the square column of hollow, it highly is 1/4th wavelength, wall thickness is 1mm, this supporter is perpendicular to this radiation fin, and this supporter and this radiation fin are designed to one on physical structure.

8. the dual polarized antenna unit in a kind of broadband according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: the joint portion of described radiation fin and supporter is provided with some reinforcements.

9. according to the dual polarized antenna unit in each described a kind of broadband of claim 1-6, it is characterized in that: described radiation fin can be an entity structure, also can be engraved structure.

10. according to the dual polarized antenna unit in each described a kind of broadband of claim 1-6, it is characterized in that: if described broadband dual polarized antenna unit is provided with reflecting plate, then described balance Ba Lun is fixed on the reflecting plate.

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