CN101707269A - Method for recycling anode material of lithium ion battery - Google Patents

Method for recycling anode material of lithium ion battery Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101707269A
CN101707269A CN200910193055A CN200910193055A CN101707269A CN 101707269 A CN101707269 A CN 101707269A CN 200910193055 A CN200910193055 A CN 200910193055A CN 200910193055 A CN200910193055 A CN 200910193055A CN 101707269 A CN101707269 A CN 101707269A
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ion battery
lithium ion
anode material
recycling
lithium
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梅铭
赖旭伦
陈卫
赵丰刚
许瑞
柳娜
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Dongguan Amperex Technology Ltd
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Dongguan Amperex Technology Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/84Recycling of batteries or fuel cells

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for recycling anode material of lithium ion battery, which comprises the following steps: 1) putting crushed anode dry size or an anode plate to be recycled in a container, placing the container in a high temperature furnace for high temperature baking at 400-600 DEG C, afterwards taking out the processed powdery material or the anode plate and cooling for standby use; and 2) pulverizing the powdery material or the anode plate baked at high temperature in a pulverizer, de-powdering the pulverized anode plate, and finally sieving the powdery material to obtain qualified anode powdery material for recycling. The inventive method for recycling anode material of lithium ion battery carries out high temperature treatment on the anode material to cause the adhesive to decompose to lose adhesion function, but can not produce side effects on active substances and electrochemical properties thereof, the recycled active substances can be reused into production after simply sieving, and the invention has the advantages of simple technique, high production efficiency, obvious economic benefit, etc.

Description

Method for recycling anode material of lithium ion battery
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method for recycling anode material of lithium ion battery.
Background technology
Advantages such as lithium ion battery has energy density height, operating voltage height, temperature limit is wide and have extended cycle life, therefore be widely used as the power supply of various mobile devices, in fields such as Aeronautics and Astronautics, navigation, automobile, Medical Devices, also progressively replaced conventional batteries.
The positive electrode of lithium ion battery mainly is cobalt acid lithium, lithium nickel cobalt manganese, lithium nickelate, lithium nickel cobalt aluminium and LiFePO4 etc., contains noble metal or strategy metals such as cobalt, lithium in these materials.In lithium ion battery, the cost of positive electrode accounts for the 30-40% of battery total cost, and therefore, the positive electrode that reclaims lithium ion battery has great importance.
In the prior art, during the electric core of preparation lithium ion battery, the general employing made slurry earlier with positive active material, coats then and makes positive plate on the plus plate current-collecting body, all can produce slurry and the positive plate of scrapping inevitably in each operation of battery preparation.Though the positive electrode of scrapping in the different operations has nothing in common with each other according to its technological level, learies roughly fluctuates between 2-15%, therefore a kind of desirable method for recycling anode material of lithium ion battery of necessary exploitation.
At present, the recovery of anode material for lithium-ion batteries mainly is at certain chosen elements, reclaim as precious metal elements such as cobalt, copper, removal process is not only destroyed the given activity structure of positive electrode easily, and the physics that is adopted or chemical method are seriously polluted, material after the recovery mainly is single metal and compound thereof, has bigger waste.
In view of this, necessaryly provide the method for recycling anode material of lithium ion battery that a kind of operation is simple, production efficiency is high.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to: the method for recycling anode material of lithium ion battery that a kind of operation is simple, production efficiency is high is provided.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of method for recycling anode material of lithium ion battery, it may further comprise the steps:
1) will be placed in the container through anodal dry finish or the positive plate of pulverizing to be recycled, then container is put into high temperature furnace, carry out high-temperature baking, take out powder or the positive plate of handling after the high-temperature baking, cool off standby at 400-600 ℃; And
2) powder behind the high-temperature baking or positive plate are pulverized in pulverizer, the positive plate after the pulverizing carries out shedding, at last powder is sieved, and obtains qualified positive mix and reclaims.
As a kind of improvement of method for recycling anode material of lithium ion battery of the present invention, described step 2) in used be 10 order to 200 purpose mesh screens.
A kind of improvement as method for recycling anode material of lithium ion battery of the present invention finishes described step 2) after, the positive mix of failing to sieve is carried out secondary pulverize and sieve, further reclaim qualified positive mix.
As a kind of improvement of method for recycling anode material of lithium ion battery of the present invention, described slurry need be ground into the particle less than 10mm before high-temperature baking.
As a kind of improvement of method for recycling anode material of lithium ion battery of the present invention, in the high-temperature baking process of described step 1), in high temperature furnace, feed protective gas or oxygen rich gas, or do not feed gas.
As a kind of improvement of method for recycling anode material of lithium ion battery of the present invention, step 2) in when the pole piece after pulverizing carried out shedding, available batch mixer adds the zirconium glass pearl.
As a kind of improvement of method for recycling anode material of lithium ion battery of the present invention, described anode material for lithium-ion batteries is one or more in cobalt acid lithium, lithium nickel cobalt manganese, lithium nickel cobalt aluminium, LiMn2O4, LiFePO4, the conductive carbon.
A kind of improvement as method for recycling anode material of lithium ion battery of the present invention, the container that is used to place anodal dry finish or positive plate in the described step 1) is plate or anchor clamps, be welded with the individual layer grizzly bar on the discharge plate of described anchor clamps, the welding of discharge plate both sides is used to support the U type stainless steel strip slip rail of whole discharge plate and reinforcement is set.
As a kind of improvement of method for recycling anode material of lithium ion battery of the present invention, described high temperature furnace is Muffle furnace or Special Baking stove, and described oven bottom is provided with even gas handling system, and the top is provided with escape pipe.
A kind of improvement as method for recycling anode material of lithium ion battery of the present invention, described positive plate is anodal leftover pieces and the non-compliant pole piece that produces in the lithium ion battery manufacture process, and described slurry is to stir and be coated with the non-compliant anode sizing agent that link produces during lithium battery is made.
With respect to prior art, method for recycling anode material of lithium ion battery of the present invention passes through 400-600 ℃ high-temperature baking, the bonding agent that is present in anode sizing agent or the positive plate is decomposed, lose bonding effect and come off, can not have side effects to active material and chemical property thereof again simultaneously, the active material of recovery can put into production use after handling through simple screening again.Therefore, method for recycling anode material of lithium ion battery of the present invention has that technology is simple, production efficiency is high, environmentally friendly, advantage such as economic benefit is obvious, is suitable for industrial production.In addition, method for recycling anode material of lithium ion battery of the present invention can cover the recovery of most of positive electrode.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, method for recycling anode material of lithium ion battery of the present invention and useful technique effect thereof are elaborated, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the process chart of method for recycling anode material of lithium ion battery of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is used to reclaim the oven of slurry or pole piece when implementing method for recycling anode material of lithium ion battery of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is used to reclaim the recovery anchor clamps of pole piece to be recycled when implementing method for recycling anode material of lithium ion battery of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a raw material cobalt acid lithium and the Electronic Speculum comparison diagram (* 1000 times) of the cobalt acid lithium that reclaims according to the inventive method.
Fig. 5 is the raw material lithium nickel cobalt manganese and the Electronic Speculum comparison diagram (* 5000 times) of the lithium nickel cobalt manganese that reclaims according to the inventive method.
Fig. 6 is the raw material LiFePO4 and the Electronic Speculum comparison diagram (* 5000 times) of the LiFePO4 that reclaims according to the inventive method.
Fig. 7 to Fig. 9 is respectively the positive electrode that reclaims according to the inventive method cycle performance figure with 0.7C charging 0.5C discharge when 23 ℃, 45 ℃ and 60 ℃.
Embodiment
See also Fig. 1, method for recycling anode material of lithium ion battery of the present invention, can be used for reclaiming the anodal leftover pieces and the non-compliant positive plate that produce in the lithium ion battery manufacture process, and stir in the lithium battery manufacturing and painting process in the anode sizing agent that does not meet production requirement that produces, it is by following operation realization:
1) will be placed in the container (as plate) through dry finish or the positive plate of pulverizing to be recycled, then plate is put into high temperature furnace (as Muffle furnace) and carried out high-temperature baking.Muffle furnace can be warming up to 400~600 ℃ earlier, also can be warming up to 400~600 ℃ again after putting into material, is incubated 20-30min after reaching design temperature.Can in oven, feed little air in the bake process or other oxygen-containing gass cause oxygen-enriched atmosphere, also can feed protective gas such as nitrogen, carbon dioxide, or not feed gas.Take out powder or the positive plate of handling after the baking, qualified slurry is selected in detection or positive plate is standby through cooling off.Above-mentioned dry finish or positive electrode can be a kind of in cobalt acid lithium, lithium nickel cobalt manganese, lithium nickel cobalt aluminium, the LiFePO4;
2) the above-mentioned powder of handling through high-temperature baking is pulverized 10-60min in pulverizer, taking out the back sieves with 10 order to 200 purpose sieving machines, can can directly pack discharging through the powder of 200 mesh sieve, the material by 200 mesh sieve can not continue to pulverize and the screening discharging; For pole piece, after pulverizing 10-30min, also need to add or do not add the zirconium glass pearl with batch mixer earlier to carry out shedding through pulverizer, sieve and discharging with 10 order to 200 purpose sieving machines more afterwards.
See also Fig. 2, in order to improve the organic efficiency of positive electrode, the present invention can use the oven that the turnover feed channel is arranged through transforming, its bottom is provided with air inlet pipe 22 and pre-buried tracheae 24, air inlet pipe 22 and pre-buried tracheae 24 UNICOMs, stove top is provided with escape pipe 26, and furnace chamber inner back wall middle part is provided with thermocouple 28 near the centre position.The direction of the length direction of thermocouple 28 and material turnover furnace chamber is consistent, and the even bottom inflow system of oven can effectively improve the positive electrode rate of recovery of processing procedure.
Below will describe the technological parameter and the flow process of method for recycling anode material of lithium ion battery of the present invention in detail by specific embodiment.
Embodiment 1: the slurry recovery method.
At first, dry finish (can be in cobalt acid lithium, lithium nickel cobalt manganese, lithium nickel cobalt aluminium, LiFePO4, the conduction charcoal one or more) is ground into the particle of particle diameter less than 10mm, again it is laid in and puts into high temperature furnace (as Muffle furnace) on the plate and carry out high-temperature baking.Muffle furnace can be warming up to 400~600 ℃ earlier, also can begin to be warming up to 400~600 ℃ after putting into powder again, can feed or not feed little air in the bake process and make oxygen-enriched atmosphere in oven.After baking finishes, take out the powder cooling of handling, in pulverizer, pulverize 10-60min then, again with 10 order to 200 order sieving machines screening powder, can be callable qualified powder through the powder of 200 mesh sieve, can directly pack discharging, the material by 200 order mesh screens can not continue to pulverize and the screening discharging, and what last small part can not be sieved casts out.In flow chart shown in Figure 1, selected is respectively 10 orders, 75 orders and 175 mesh sieves, certainly, also can select other suitable mesh screens according to actual needs.
Embodiment 2: cobalt acid lithium electrode sheet recovery method.
At first, with cobalt to be recycled acid lithium electrode sheet with or put in order without anchor clamps (as shown in Figure 3) after be placed in the container (as plate), then plate is put into high temperature furnace (as Muffle furnace) and is carried out high-temperature baking.Muffle furnace can be warming up to 400~600 ℃ earlier, also can begin to be warming up to 400~600 ℃ again after putting into material, can feed or not feed little air in the oven process and make oxygen-enriched atmosphere in high temperature furnace.Baking finishes the back and takes out the pole piece cooling, add or do not add the zirconium glass pearl with batch mixer then and carry out shedding, again the pole piece powder of handling well is sieved and discharging with 10 order to 200 purpose sieving machines, can be callable qualified powder through the powder of 200 mesh sieve, can directly pack discharging, the material by 200 mesh sieve can not continue to pulverize and the screening discharging, and what last small part can not be sieved casts out.In flow chart shown in Figure 1, selected sieve is respectively 10 orders, 75 orders, 175 mesh sieves, still, according to actual needs, also can select other suitable sieves.
Please consult Fig. 3 especially, the anchor clamps that present embodiment uses are stainless steel, the parallel individual layer grizzly bar 120 that is welded with on the discharge plate 12 of anchor clamps, the welding of discharge plate 12 both sides is used for supporting the U type stainless steel strip slip rail 14 of whole discharge plate 12 and reinforcement 16. is set using these anchor clamps can guarantee that the active material of pole piece or slurry can be not destroyed with the gas contact in processing procedure, the size of anchor clamps is determined with used oven furnace chamber size, its intensity will be enough to support positive plate placed on it, can satisfy industrial requirement simultaneously.
Embodiment 3: lithium nickel cobalt manganese pole piece recovery method.
Technological parameter and flow process do not repeat them here with embodiment 2.
Embodiment 4: lithium nickel cobalt aluminium pole piece recovery method.
Technological parameter and flow process do not repeat them here with embodiment 2.
Embodiment 5: LiFePO4 pole piece recovery method.
Technological parameter and flow process do not repeat them here with embodiment 2.
For the organic efficiency that detects method for recycling anode material of lithium ion battery of the present invention and the powder that obtains that reclaims whether qualified, embodiment 1-5 is reclaimed the powder and the corresponding raw material that obtain carry out X-ray diffraction (XRD), ESEM (Scanning electron microscope respectively, be called for short SEM) and battery testing entirely, obtain as Fig. 4 to 6 and table 1 to the result shown in 3.
Table 1 embodiment 1-5 positive electrode organic efficiency
As seen from Table 1, the organic efficiency of method for recycling anode material of lithium ion battery of the present invention can satisfy the requirement of production near 90% or higher.
Table 2 embodiment 1-5 reclaims the XRD test result of powder
Figure G2009101930558D0000072
Table 3 embodiment 1-5 positive electrode button cell result
Figure G2009101930558D0000081
By Fig. 4 to Fig. 6 and table 2 to table 3 as can be seen, use the properties of powder that method for recycling anode material of lithium ion battery of the present invention was recovered to close with former properties of powder, can put in the production fully and reuse.
The powder of above-mentioned recovery is helped battery by the Capacity design of raw material to be assessed, the cycle performance of its full battery of high spot reviews under 23 ℃, 45 ℃ and 60 ℃, obtain cycle performance figure as shown in Figs. 7-9, as seen to compare performance approaching for salvage material and normal raw material, can come into operation again together or separately with normal raw material.
The present invention is by carrying out 400-600 ℃ high-temperature baking in high temperature furnace, (binding agent comprises Kynoar can to make the bonding agent that is present in anode sizing agent or the positive plate, polytetrafluoroethylene; the composition of butadiene-styrene rubber and modifier thereof and different adhesives; its weight content is between 1.0%-10.0%) decompose; lose bonding effect and come off; can not have side effect again simultaneously; can put into production use again after the active material of recovery is handled through simple screening active material and chemical property thereof. therefore; it is simple that method for recycling anode material of lithium ion battery of the present invention has technology; the production efficiency height; advantages such as economic benefit is obvious; be suitable for industrial production, and method for recycling anode material of lithium ion battery of the present invention can be fit to the recovery of most of positive electrode.
Need to prove, the announcement of book and instruction according to the above description, those skilled in the art in the invention can also carry out suitable change and modification to the foregoing description.Therefore, the specific embodiment that discloses and describe above the present invention is not limited to also should fall in the protection range of claim of the present invention modifications and changes more of the present invention.In addition, although used some specific terms in this specification, these terms do not constitute any restriction to the present invention just for convenience of description.

Claims (10)

1. method for recycling anode material of lithium ion battery, it may further comprise the steps:
1) will be placed in the container through anodal dry finish or the positive plate of pulverizing to be recycled, then container is put into high temperature furnace, carry out high-temperature baking, take out powder or the positive plate of handling after the baking, cool off standby at 400-600 ℃; And
2) powder behind the high-temperature baking or positive plate are pulverized in pulverizer, the pole piece after the pulverizing carries out shedding, at last powder is sieved, and obtains qualified positive mix and reclaims.
2. method for recycling anode material of lithium ion battery according to claim 1 is characterized in that: used described step 2) is 10 order to 200 purpose mesh screens.
3. method for recycling anode material of lithium ion battery according to claim 2 is characterized in that: finish described step 2) after, the positive mix of failing to sieve is carried out secondary pulverize and sieve, further reclaim qualified positive mix.
4. according to each described method for recycling anode material of lithium ion battery in the claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that: described slurry need be ground into the particle of particle diameter less than 10mm before high-temperature baking.
5. according to each described method for recycling anode material of lithium ion battery in the claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that: in the high-temperature baking process of described step 1), in high temperature furnace, feed protective gas or oxygen rich gas, or do not feed gas.
6. according to each described method for recycling anode material of lithium ion battery in the claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that: when described step 2) positive plate after pulverizing being carried out shedding, in batch mixer, add a small amount of zirconium glass pearl.
7. according to each described method for recycling anode material of lithium ion battery in the claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that: described anode material for lithium-ion batteries is one or more in cobalt acid lithium, lithium nickel cobalt manganese, lithium nickel cobalt aluminium, LiMn2O4, LiFePO4, the conductive carbon.
8. according to each described method for recycling anode material of lithium ion battery in the claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that: the container that is used to place anodal dry finish or positive plate in the described step 1) is plate or anchor clamps, be welded with the individual layer grizzly bar on the discharge plate of described anchor clamps, the welding of discharge plate both sides is used to support the U type stainless steel strip slip rail of whole discharge plate and reinforcement is set.
9. according to each described method for recycling anode material of lithium ion battery in the claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that: described high temperature furnace is that Muffle furnace or bottom are provided with the oven that even gas handling system, top are provided with escape pipe.
10. according to each described method for recycling anode material of lithium ion battery in the claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that: described positive plate is anodal leftover pieces and the non-compliant positive plate that produces in the lithium ion battery manufacture process, described slurry be stir in the lithium battery manufacturing and painting process in the anode sizing agent that does not meet production requirement that produces.
CN200910193055A 2009-10-14 2009-10-14 Method for recycling anode material of lithium ion battery Pending CN101707269A (en)

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Cited By (11)

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CN101921917A (en) * 2010-08-25 2010-12-22 深圳市泰力废旧电池回收技术有限公司 Method for reclaiming valuable metals from waste lithium batteries
CN102064366A (en) * 2010-11-08 2011-05-18 杭州东建能源科技有限公司 Regeneration method for lithium iron phosphate
CN102332623A (en) * 2011-03-22 2012-01-25 东莞新能源科技有限公司 Method for recovering anode material of lithium ion battery
CN102694217A (en) * 2011-03-22 2012-09-26 东莞新能源科技有限公司 Lithium ion batteries cathode material recovery method
CN102723537A (en) * 2012-06-01 2012-10-10 华南师范大学 Clean production method for physically separating lithium cobalt oxide from anode material of waste lithium battery
WO2014154154A1 (en) * 2013-03-28 2014-10-02 四川天齐锂业股份有限公司 Method of recycling lithium manganese battery anode material
CN104183882A (en) * 2013-05-27 2014-12-03 湖南邦普循环科技有限公司 Separation method for current collectors and active materials in lithium ion battery positive and negative pole pieces
CN105470600A (en) * 2015-03-18 2016-04-06 万向A一二三系统有限公司 Recycling method for residual slurry for lithium battery
CN106129517A (en) * 2016-08-24 2016-11-16 合肥国轩高科动力能源有限公司 A kind of separate affluxion body in lithium ion batteries and the method for active material on it
CN107069078A (en) * 2017-03-24 2017-08-18 中航锂电(洛阳)有限公司 A kind of recovery method of electrodes of lithium-ion batteries material
CN107196004A (en) * 2017-05-13 2017-09-22 合肥国轩高科动力能源有限公司 A kind of method that valuable metal is reclaimed in the electrokinetic cell from applying waste lithium ionic

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101921917B (en) * 2010-08-25 2012-06-27 深圳市泰力废旧电池回收技术有限公司 Method for reclaiming valuable metals from waste lithium batteries
CN101921917A (en) * 2010-08-25 2010-12-22 深圳市泰力废旧电池回收技术有限公司 Method for reclaiming valuable metals from waste lithium batteries
CN102064366A (en) * 2010-11-08 2011-05-18 杭州东建能源科技有限公司 Regeneration method for lithium iron phosphate
CN102064366B (en) * 2010-11-08 2014-04-02 杭州东建能源科技有限公司 Regeneration method for lithium iron phosphate
CN102694217B (en) * 2011-03-22 2016-01-20 东莞新能源科技有限公司 A kind of method for recycling anode material of lithium ion battery
CN102332623A (en) * 2011-03-22 2012-01-25 东莞新能源科技有限公司 Method for recovering anode material of lithium ion battery
CN102694217A (en) * 2011-03-22 2012-09-26 东莞新能源科技有限公司 Lithium ion batteries cathode material recovery method
CN102332623B (en) * 2011-03-22 2013-08-21 东莞新能源科技有限公司 Method for recovering anode material of lithium ion battery
CN102723537A (en) * 2012-06-01 2012-10-10 华南师范大学 Clean production method for physically separating lithium cobalt oxide from anode material of waste lithium battery
CN102723537B (en) * 2012-06-01 2016-01-27 华南师范大学 A kind of clean preparation method from waste lithium cell anode material physical separation cobalt acid lithium
WO2014154154A1 (en) * 2013-03-28 2014-10-02 四川天齐锂业股份有限公司 Method of recycling lithium manganese battery anode material
CN104183882A (en) * 2013-05-27 2014-12-03 湖南邦普循环科技有限公司 Separation method for current collectors and active materials in lithium ion battery positive and negative pole pieces
CN104183882B (en) * 2013-05-27 2018-04-27 湖南邦普循环科技有限公司 A kind of method of pole fluid and active material in separation positive electrode plate and negative electrode plate of lithium ion battery
CN105470600A (en) * 2015-03-18 2016-04-06 万向A一二三系统有限公司 Recycling method for residual slurry for lithium battery
CN105470600B (en) * 2015-03-18 2018-02-13 万向一二三股份公司 A kind of recoverying and utilizing method for remaining lithium battery slurry
CN106129517A (en) * 2016-08-24 2016-11-16 合肥国轩高科动力能源有限公司 A kind of separate affluxion body in lithium ion batteries and the method for active material on it
CN107069078A (en) * 2017-03-24 2017-08-18 中航锂电(洛阳)有限公司 A kind of recovery method of electrodes of lithium-ion batteries material
CN107196004A (en) * 2017-05-13 2017-09-22 合肥国轩高科动力能源有限公司 A kind of method that valuable metal is reclaimed in the electrokinetic cell from applying waste lithium ionic
CN107196004B (en) * 2017-05-13 2019-07-19 合肥国轩高科动力能源有限公司 A method of recycling valuable metal from applying waste lithium ionic power battery

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Application publication date: 20100512