CN101702018A - Calibrating method for big modulation bandwidth linear FM signal frequency response - Google Patents
Calibrating method for big modulation bandwidth linear FM signal frequency response Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A calibrating method for big modulation bandwidth linear FM signal frequency response relates to the technical field of testing, comprising the steps of: 1) dividing a radio frequency signal in a complete frequency range generated by a calibrating device into a plurality of frequency sections F0 to F1, F1 to F2,..., FM-2 to FM-1 and FM-1 to FM, for calibrating section by section, 2) confirming N+1 calibrating points on a single calibrating frequency section, 3) dynamically acquiring a log amplifying sensitivity R, 4) translating and searching the smallest carrier power, and 5) automatically calibrating frequency points FM one by one. The method of the invention automatically calibrates and compensates basing on the linear FM signal frequency response of an interior detection circuit and an agility damping circuit in the calibrating device and the frequency response calibration can be automatically performed without an additional testing and calibrating device for user to perform real time calibration on site. The detection circuit and the agility damping circuit are both located in a modulating channel, so not only the frequency response of linear FM signal generating module is calibrated but also the whole passage is calibrated.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of measurement and test, a kind of specifically calibrating method for big modulation bandwidth linear FM signal frequency response.
Background technology
Linear frequency modulation, it is linear frequency modulation (LFM or Chirp), be the earliest, also to be to develop the most ripe pulse compression technique, just carried as far back as later stage nineteen forties, an outstanding advantage of sort signal is, matched filter is insensitive to the Doppler shift of echoed signal, and this is able to great simplification with regard to feasible requirement to the follow-up signal disposal system, therefore is applied in radar, signal imitation and field of test instrument widely.
Linear FM signal is used widely at radar and technical field of measurement and test, and the frequency modulation frequency response is an important indicator of linear FM signal amplitude versus frequency characte, and it has described the fluctuating quantity of amplitude in the effective band.Along with demands of applications, the linear frequency modulation modulation band-width becomes increasing, and modulation band-width has developed into present hundreds of MHz from initial several MHz, tens MHz, even a few GHz.Big modulation band-width has all brought a lot of benefits for the application of each side, but, increase along with modulation band-width, frequency response rapid deterioration in its band, when bandwidth during at GHz, its frequency response may reach several even tens dB, therefore must calibrate and compensate the frequency response of big modulation bandwidth linear FM signal, to satisfy demands of applications such as radar imagery, thermometrically.Produce big modulation bandwidth linear FM signal at present and mainly contain two kinds of schemes: base band+orthogonal modulation and base band+orthogonal modulation+frequency multiplication.
Base band+orthogonal modulation scheme at first produces I, Q two-way baseband signal, produces radiofrequency signal by quadrature modulator then.This scheme has bigger versatility, but baseband signal bandwidth than broad, carrier frequency than in higher, baseband signal generation technique and microwave and millimeter wave orthogonal modulation technique are very complicated, difficulty is very big.
Owing to be subject to the speed and the technology of digital device, also can't directly satisfy the generation requirement of the big bandwidth radar signal of some high intermediate frequency based on the digital synthesis technology of DDS, therefore the scheme of base band+orthogonal modulation+frequency multiplication has appearred in the frequency band so also must take measures to further expand.This scheme obtains big modulation bandwidth linear FM signal by the linear FM signal of little modulation band-width is carried out the bandwidth expansion through frequency multiplication, owing to do not need the base band and the complicated microwave and millimeter wave orthogonal modulation of big bandwidth, therefore implements simple relatively.
Usually, big bandwidth linear FM signal generation system being carried out Calibration Method is time domain pre-distortion calibration method.Its process is roughly as follows: at first use oscillograph or frequency spectrograph and obtain its time domain or frequency domain amplitude data, according to the data of being obtained, methods such as Applied Digital signal Processing are obtained its amplitude distortion function, use for compensation.
The linear FM signal modulation compensating for frequency response that base band+orthogonal modulation scheme produces mainly adopts the method for revising the baseband waveform database data, needs external frequency spectrograph, is realized by special software.During compensation, need application specific software and surveying instrument to analyze linear frequency modulation frequency response data, calculate offset then, obtain smooth linear frequency modulation modulation frequency response by the Wave data of revising baseband signal generator.Linear FM signal modulation compensating for frequency response under the scheme of base band+orthogonal modulation+frequency multiplication, owing to adopted the frequency multiplication mode, can not adopt the method for revising the baseband waveform database data to realize compensating for frequency response, therefore this scheme does not still have the modulation frequency response compensation method at present, and the linear FM signal frequency response that this scheme realizes is poor.
From top analysis as can be seen, traditional pre-distortion calibration method based on correction function, its central principle are to adopt apparatus measures and mathematical analysis method to produce the compensating for frequency response data of system, and adopt time domain approach that it is proofreaied and correct.The major defect of this method is to need relatively part of special-purpose calibration software, externally measured instrument and standard.In order to realize the compensating for frequency response of linear FM signal, at first must obtain the predistortion function of frequency response curve; Obtain the predistortion function of frequency response curve, must use surveying instrument, obtain the frequency response function of linear frequency modulation generating means and standard set-up respectively, then it is carried out complicated calculating, derive corresponding predistortion function then.As seen, the error of externally measured instrument and standard comparison part accuracy, algorithm etc. all will be brought very big influence to the calibration effect, and simultaneously, complicated calibration process also is unfavorable for the High-efficient Production of linear frequency modulation module.Owing to need relatively part of surveying instrument and standard, this method can't be implemented the user and use on-the-spot real time calibration in addition.
Summary of the invention
At the defective that exists in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of calibrating method for big modulation bandwidth linear FM signal frequency response, based on inner detecting circuit and prompt linear FM signal frequency response calibration and the compensation automatically that becomes attenuator circuit, need not extra test and correcting device, can finish the frequency response calibration automatically, realized the real time calibration of user's site of deployment, simultaneously, because detecting circuit and the prompt attenuator circuit that becomes all are arranged in modulation channels, therefore can realize the calibration of all-pass road, not only the Frequency Response of calibrated linear FM signal generation module itself.
For reaching above purpose, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is:
A kind of calibrating method for big modulation bandwidth linear FM signal frequency response is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
Step 3 is dynamically obtained logarithm and is amplified dynamic sensitivity R;
Step 4, minimum carrier power translation and search;
Step 5 is to frequency F
MPointwise is calibrated automatically.
On the basis of technique scheme, the said logarithm amplification dynamic sensitivity R that dynamically obtains of step 3 may further comprise the steps:
Step 3.1 at first, is provided with the radiofrequency signal module, and the radiofrequency signal that makes it to produce is operated in frequency F
1Down, at current power level P
0The basis on, current power level is set for (P
0+ 1);
Step 3.2, elder generation is 0 linear FM signal by controller control linear FM signal generation module generation frequency, control modulator block by controller then and close pulse-modulated signal, make the straight-through and removing path compensating for frequency response data of path by the prompt attenuation module that becomes of controller control at last;
Step 3.3 by detecting circuit, is obtained current detecting circuit V
1
Step 3.4, resetting current power level is P
0
Step 3.5, elder generation is 0 linear FM signal by controller control linear FM signal generation module generation frequency, control modulator block by controller then and close pulse-modulated signal, make the straight-through and removing path compensating for frequency response data of path by the prompt attenuation module that becomes of controller control at last;
Step 3.6 by detecting circuit, is obtained current detecting circuit V
0
Step 3.7 is calculated current logarithm and is amplified dynamic sensitivity: R=(V
1-V
0)/((P
0+ 1)-P
0)=(V
1-V
0)/(P
0+ 1-P
0)=V
1-V
0
On the basis of technique scheme, said minimum carrier power translation of step 4 and search may further comprise the steps:
Step 4.1, the maintenance carrier frequency is F
1, power level is P
0, the modulation band-width of big modulation bandwidth linear FM signal is 0, and pulsed modulation is an off status, and the open loop search makes current open loop output power remain on the power level P of closed loop state
0
Step 4.2 is provided with linear FM signal generation module and is operated in monolateral band duty, and to set gradually single sideband singal be frequency f
0, f
1, f
2... f
N,, obtain the detecting circuit v of corresponding current monolateral band frequency then by detecting circuit
0, v
1, v
2... v
Nf
0, f
1, f
2... f
NBe the N+1 described in the step 2 calibration frequency;
Step 4.3, the detecting circuit v of search records
0, v
1, v
2... v
N, obtain its maximum voltage v
x
Step 4.4 is calculated minimum carrier power translation data: P
y=(v
x-V
0)/R, R are that current logarithm amplifies dynamic sensitivity, V
0The current detecting circuit that obtains for step 3.6;
Step 4.5, it is (P that the current power level is set
0+ P
y);
Step 4.6, the maintenance carrier frequency is F
1, power level is (P
0+ P
y), the modulation band-width of big modulation bandwidth linear FM signal is 0, and pulsed modulation is an off status, and the open loop search makes current open loop output power remain on the power level (P of closed loop state
0+ P
y).
On the basis of technique scheme, step 5 is said to frequency F
MPointwise calibration automatically may further comprise the steps:
Step 5.1, the optimum calibration data of initialization is seed data D
i, D
iGet and make prompt change decay remain straight-through value;
Step 5.2 is provided with linear FM signal generation module and is operated in monolateral band duty, and it is frequency f that its single sideband singal is set
0
Step 5.3, it is 0 that current some calibration counter C initial value is set;
Step 5.4, if calibration counter initial value is 0, then current calibration data D assignment is D
i, otherwise establishing current calibration data D assignment is the calibration data D that satisfied the calibration index request last time
1, current offset data D is set advances the corresponding compensation circuit, to adjust current frequency response state;
Step 5.5 by detecting circuit, is obtained corresponding current monolateral band frequency f
0Detecting circuit V
Bb
Step 5.6 is obtained current detection error voltage V
d=V
Bb-V
0, V
0If the current detecting circuit that obtains for step 3.6 is V
dSatisfy the index request of frequency response calibration, then go to step 5.7, otherwise, go to step 5.8;
Step 5.7, writing down current calibration data is D
1, with current calibration data write non-volatile memory, use when being provided with post-compensation simultaneously, go to step 5.12 then;
Step 5.8, the logarithm that obtains according to detection error voltage and step 3.7 amplifies dynamic sensitivity R, obtains current theoretical offset data difference D
d, D
d=V
d/ R;
Step 5.9, if current detection error voltage is less than 3 times of frequency response calibration index, D then
d=D
d/ 2;
Step 5.10, temporary current theoretical offset data is D
1, i.e. D
1=D
1-D
d
Step 5.11, current calibration counter C=C+1 if do not surpass the maximum calibration number of times that allows, then goes to step 5.4, continues current monolateral band frequency is calibrated, otherwise goes to step 5.12;
Step 5.12 is judged current carrier frequency F
M-XOn all calibration frequency f
0, f
1... f
NAll calibration finishes, if calibration does not finish, then it is set to next single sideband singal frequency, and goes to step 5.3 and proceed calibration, otherwise, then go to step 5.13;
Step 5.13, calibration finishes, and preserves all calibration data, withdraws from calibration.
Calibrating method for big modulation bandwidth linear FM signal frequency response of the present invention, based on inner detecting circuit and prompt linear FM signal frequency response calibration and the compensation automatically that becomes attenuator circuit, need not extra test and correcting device, can finish the frequency response calibration automatically, realized the real time calibration of user's site of deployment, simultaneously, because detecting circuit and the prompt attenuator circuit that becomes all are arranged in modulation channels, therefore can realize the calibration of all-pass road, not only the Frequency Response of calibrated linear FM signal generation module itself.
Description of drawings
The present invention has following accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 linear frequency modulation calibrating principle block diagram
Fig. 2 linear FM signal frequency response calibration reduction of speed, discretize synoptic diagram
The schematic flow sheet of Fig. 3 calibrating method for big modulation bandwidth linear FM signal frequency response
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is described in further detail.
Narrowly, radiofrequency signal is exactly the signal that " radiofrequency signal " module shown in Figure 1 produces, and broadly, above-mentioned signal will be as the final output signal of equipment through after a series of conditionings, and this output signal also can be described as radiofrequency signal; Big modulation bandwidth linear FM signal is meant the signal that Fig. 1 neutral line FM signal generation module produces.This " calibrating method for big modulation bandwidth linear FM signal frequency response " that the present invention proposes, be that linear FM signal is added in the system that uses linear FM signal, Calibration Method is carried out in frequency response to whole path, leave the radiofrequency signal of equipment to be calibrated and generation thereof, this calibration steps will not known where to begin.
For example, suppose to have used in the electronic measuring instrument linear FM signal of big modulation band-width, to carry out the frequency response calibration to it, will be to the full frequency band of instrument (as 10MHz～26.5GHz) calibrate, at this moment, said radiofrequency signal just is meant the output signal of instrument, and big modulation bandwidth linear FM signal just is meant the big modulation bandwidth linear FM signal that the instrument internal LFM waveforms generator is produced.
Again for example, if this method is applied in the satellite-borne synthetic aperture radar (SAR), then radiofrequency signal just is meant the output signal of the full working frequency range of this radar, and big modulation bandwidth linear FM signal is meant the big modulation bandwidth linear FM signal that the inner linear FM signal generation of radar module produces.
In order to reduce the calibration complexity of big modulation bandwidth linear FM signal, improve its easy implementation and ease for operation, satisfy the demand of user's field calibration and dynamic calibration, the present invention adopts based on inner detecting circuit and prompt automatic calibration of linear FM signal frequency response and the compensation way that becomes attenuator circuit, can make the big modulation bandwidth linear FM signal generating means under the control of internal calibration software, do not need any externally measured instrument and orientation ratio than part, only by inner detecting circuit and searching algorithm efficiently, can be automatic, linear frequency modulation compensating for frequency response in the real-time realization full frequency band.Like this, both reduce the cost of calibration, improved the efficient of calibration again.The ultimate principle of the method for the invention is: in full frequency band on all calibration points, to linear frequency modulation sweep signal fast, in its complete modulation bandwidth, be converted into discrete static single sideband singal, measure its current frequency response to obtain the pairing calibration data of each compensation point by inner detecting circuit then; Then, use a prompt attenuator circuit that becomes by the output terminal of Linear Frequency Modulation modulation path again, according to the calibration data that the front obtained, change in time the amplitude of linear FM signal is carried out real-time victory change decay, thereby realize the frequency modulation frequency response correction-compensation of linear FM signal, promote the linear FM signal quality.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention is exactly on the full frequency band that uses linear frequency modulation equipment, all-pass road briefly, uses detecting circuit and the prompt attenuator circuit that becomes, sectional calibration and its frequency response of compensation.The linear frequency modulation calibrating principle block diagram of the big modulation bandwidth linear FM signal frequency response calibration system that Fig. 1 provides for the present invention, linear FM signal generation module among Fig. 1 is the generation device of big modulation bandwidth linear FM signal, the value of the initial frequency that linear FM signal generation module is set according to controller, termination frequency, sweep time and four parameters of frequency modulation direction produces required big modulation bandwidth linear FM signal.The radiofrequency signal that the radiofrequency signal module produces is as carrier signal, and for example, carrier signal is a sine wave signal, and its frequency range is 500MHz～20GHz, in concrete device different settings can be arranged as required.The radiofrequency signal that big modulation bandwidth linear FM signal that linear FM signal generation module is produced and radiofrequency signal module are produced, modulate in modulator block, radiofrequency signal after the modulation exports the prompt attenuation control circuit that becomes to, exports subordinate's circuit to by the signal path modulation then.The effect of detecting circuit is that the range value that will modulate the radiofrequency signal of output extracts and be converted into voltage signal, outputs to controller; Controller is responsible for the control of logical operation and all aforementioned modules.Each module among Fig. 1 all has the extensive application example in the microwave applications field as fields such as microwave apparatus, radar and communications, all can adopt the components and parts design of putting on the shelf that can buy on the market to realize, each module all needs multiple components and parts combination to build.But these modules adopt mode shown in Figure 1 to make up, and the method that adopts the present invention to narrate is carried out the application example of big modulation bandwidth linear FM signal frequency response calibration and do not seen.
In order will all to calibrate by the caused all frequency response factors of linear frequency modulation in the linear frequency modulation application system, the output signal end of Linear Frequency Modulation application system has adopted inner detecting circuit to calibrate among the present invention, and the prompt attenuator circuit that becomes of Linear Frequency Modulation application system internal application carries out compensating for frequency response.Like this, no matter be linear FM signal generation module, still the caused frequency response of frequency/power controller that comprises in modulator, the signal path can be considered into unusually, calibrate in the lump and compensate that (detecting circuit is positioned at the end of application system signal path, and prompt change attenuator circuit is positioned at the inside of application system signal path, the two all in modulation channels, therefore can will all be calibrated by caused all the frequency response abnormal factorses of linear frequency modulation).
Because big modulation bandwidth linear FM signal is fast-changing frequency signal, its frequency response is difficult to directly calibrate; But big modulation bandwidth linear FM signal is the continually varying frequency signal, that is to say, big modulation bandwidth linear FM signal can not undergone mutation, and its frequency response just can not undergone mutation yet.Therefore, enough little as long as frequency range is divided, the frequency response of the big modulation bandwidth linear FM signal that simulates full frequency band that just can piecewise approximation.In order to implement calibration, enough little at frequency range, or under the situation of the interior frequency response unanimity of frequency range, all frequencies in this frequency range of representative that we can be similar to the center frequency point in this frequency range, thereby can simulate frequency in the big modulation bandwidth linear FM signal full frequency band, the also frequency response of the representative full frequency band that just can be similar to a series of frequency with the frequency response on these a series of frequencies.It is any big modulation bandwidth linear FM signal at a slow speed that top process can be understood as fast-changing big modulation bandwidth linear FM signal reduction of speed, so just can calibrate.
The principle that frequency range is divided is that selected frequency can be simulated actual frequency response curve.Simultaneously, in order to take into account the efficient of calibration,, select suitable frequency interval usually according to chirped actual application environment.The experimental formula of frequency interval is M=[(F
M-F
0)/B], wherein oral thermometer shows and rounds F
MBe the termination frequency of application system, F
0Be the application system initial frequency, B is the modulation band-width of big modulation bandwidth linear FM signal.As use the given frequency interval of above-mentioned formula and calibrate the requirement of not satisfying application system, can dwindle frequency interval, increase calibration and count, thereby improve calibration accuracy, until satisfying system requirements.Figure 2 shows that example, F wherein
0Be the carrier wave initial frequency of big modulation bandwidth linear FM signal application system, F
MFor stopping frequency, F
M-XBe the frequency of certain point wherein.f
0, f
1..., f
N-1, f
NBe carrier wave F
M-XN+1 the calibration point at some place, B is the modulation band-width of big modulation bandwidth linear FM signal, f
0=0, f
N=B.As initial frequency F
0Be 500MHz, stop frequency F
MBe 20GHz, linear frequency modulation modulation band-width B is 1.8GHz, and getting M is 12, gets wherein arbitrary calibration point F
M-XBe 13GHz.Getting N is 1800, then initial calibration point f
0Be 0MHz, stop calibration point f
NBe the 1.8GHz place.
The present invention is on the full carrier frequency range, and segmentation is carried out the frequency response calibration to big modulation bandwidth linear FM signal; On each section, serve as the calibration frequency with its center frequency point; During calibration, allow the system works (being that carrier wave is this frequency) on this frequency that contains big modulation bandwidth linear FM signal, allow big modulation bandwidth linear FM signal generation module be operated in f successively
0, f
1..., f
N-1, f
NOn each calibration point, calibrate.
Calibrating method for big modulation bandwidth linear FM signal frequency response of the present invention may further comprise the steps:
Step 3 is dynamically obtained logarithm and is amplified dynamic sensitivity R;
Step 4, minimum carrier power translation and search;
Step 5 is to frequency F
MPointwise is calibrated automatically.
On the basis of technique scheme, the said logarithm amplification dynamic sensitivity R that dynamically obtains of step 3 may further comprise the steps:
Step 3.1 at first, is provided with the radiofrequency signal module, and the radiofrequency signal that makes it to produce is operated in frequency F
1Down, at current power level P
0The basis on, current power level is set for (P
0+ 1);
Step 3.2, elder generation is 0 linear FM signal by controller control linear FM signal generation module generation frequency, control modulator block by controller then and close pulse-modulated signal, make the straight-through and removing path compensating for frequency response data of path by the prompt attenuation module that becomes of controller control at last;
Step 3.3 by detecting circuit, is obtained current detecting circuit V
1
Step 3.4, resetting current power level is P
0
Step 3.5, elder generation is 0 linear FM signal by controller control linear FM signal generation module generation frequency, control modulator block by controller then and close pulse-modulated signal, make the straight-through and removing path compensating for frequency response data of path by the prompt attenuation module that becomes of controller control at last;
Step 3.6 by detecting circuit, is obtained current detecting circuit V
0
Step 3.7 is calculated current logarithm and is amplified dynamic sensitivity: R=(V
1-V
0)/((P
0+ 1)-P
0)=(V
1-V
0)/(P
0+ 1-P
0)=V
1-V
0
On the basis of technique scheme, said minimum carrier power translation of step 4 and search may further comprise the steps:
Step 4.1, the maintenance carrier frequency is F
1, power level is P
0, the modulation band-width of big modulation bandwidth linear FM signal is 0, and pulsed modulation is an off status, and the open loop search makes current open loop output power remain on the power level P of closed loop state
0
Step 4.2 is provided with linear FM signal generation module and is operated in monolateral band duty, and to set gradually single sideband singal be frequency f
0, f
1, f
2... f
N,, obtain the detecting circuit v of corresponding current monolateral band frequency then by detecting circuit
0, v
1, v
2... v
Nf
0, f
1, f
2... f
NBe the N+1 described in the step 2 calibration frequency;
Step 4.3, the detecting circuit v of search records
0, v
1, v
2... v
N, obtain its maximum voltage v
x
Step 4.4 is calculated minimum carrier power translation data: P
y=(v
x-V
0)/R, R are that current logarithm amplifies dynamic sensitivity, V
0The current detecting circuit that obtains for step 3.6;
Step 4.5, it is (P that the current power level is set
0+ P
y);
Step 4.6, the maintenance carrier frequency is F
1, power level is (P
0+ P
y), the modulation band-width of big modulation bandwidth linear FM signal is 0, and pulsed modulation is an off status, and the open loop search makes current open loop output power remain on the power level (P of closed loop state
0+ P
y).
On the basis of technique scheme, step 5 is said to frequency F
MPointwise calibration automatically may further comprise the steps:
Step 5.1, the optimum calibration data of initialization is seed data D
i, D
iGet and make prompt change decay remain straight-through value;
Step 5.2 is provided with linear FM signal generation module and is operated in monolateral band duty, and it is frequency f that its single sideband singal is set
0
Step 5.3, it is 0 that current some calibration counter C initial value is set;
Step 5.4, if calibration counter initial value is 0, then current calibration data D assignment is D
i, otherwise establishing current calibration data D assignment is the calibration data D that satisfied the calibration index request last time
1, current offset data D is set advances the corresponding compensation circuit, to adjust current frequency response state;
Step 5.5 by detecting circuit, is obtained corresponding current monolateral band frequency f
0Detecting circuit V
Bb
Step 5.6 is obtained current detection error voltage V
d=V
Bb-V
0, V
0If the current detecting circuit that obtains for step 3.6 is V
dSatisfy the index request of frequency response calibration, then go to step 5.7, otherwise, go to step 5.8;
Step 5.7, writing down current calibration data is D
1, with current calibration data write non-volatile memory, use when being provided with post-compensation simultaneously, go to step 5.12 then;
Step 5.8, the logarithm that obtains according to detection error voltage and step 3.7 amplifies dynamic sensitivity R, obtains current theoretical offset data difference D
d, D
d=V
d/ R;
Step 5.9, if current detection error voltage is less than 3 times of frequency response calibration index, D then
d=D
d/ 2;
Step 5.10, temporary current theoretical offset data is D
1, i.e. D
1=D
1-D
dBecause D
dFor based on offset data D last time
1The offset data difference, so after attempting through this, up-to-date offset data should be: D
1-D
d
Step 5.11, current calibration counter C=C+1 if do not surpass the maximum calibration number of times that allows, then goes to step 5.4, continues current monolateral band frequency is calibrated, otherwise goes to step 5.12;
Step 5.12 is judged current carrier frequency F
M-XOn all calibration frequency f
0, f
1... f
NAll calibration finishes, if calibration does not finish, then it is set to next single sideband singal frequency, and goes to step 5.3 and proceed calibration, otherwise, then go to step 5.13;
Step 5.13, calibration finishes, and preserves all calibration data, withdraws from calibration.
Figure 2 shows that example, establishing will be at carrier frequency F
M-XN+1 calibration point selected in place's big modulation bandwidth linear FM signal frequency response calibration, and its detailed process can divide following 3 step: a, dynamically obtain logarithm amplification dynamic sensitivity R, b, minimum carrier power translation and search, and c, pointwise are calibrated automatically.
A, dynamically obtain logarithm and amplify dynamic sensitivity R
1), by the control of the controller module among Fig. 1 radiofrequency signal module, carrier wave is set is operated in frequency F
M-XDown, at current power level P
0The basis on, by the controller module among Fig. 1 control radiofrequency signal module, current power level is set is (P
0+ 1);
2), putting the linear frequency modulation modulation band-width by controller module among Fig. 1 and linear FM signal generation module is 0, close pulse-modulated signal by controller module among Fig. 1 and modulator block, remove path compensating for frequency response data by controller module among Fig. 1 and the prompt attenuation module that becomes, promptly prompt change attenuation module is straight-through, does not do any decay; The concrete principle and the device that is adopted that how to realize then depending on prompt change attenuation module, adopt the prompt power transformation controlled attenuator that adopts in certain instrument of the calibration steps that proposes among the present invention input voltage be 0 o'clock unattenuated, the maximum 10V of input voltage) time decay maximum (30dB).Adopt which kind of device, do not influence the realization of the calibration steps of the present invention's proposition.
3), by the inside detecting circuit module among Fig. 1, obtain current detecting circuit V
1
4), by controller module and radiofrequency signal module among Fig. 1, resetting current power level is P
0
5), putting the linear frequency modulation modulation band-width by controller module among Fig. 1 and linear FM signal generation module is 0, close pulse-modulated signal by controller module among Fig. 1 and modulator block, remove path compensating for frequency response data by controller module among Fig. 1 and the prompt attenuation module that becomes, promptly prompt change attenuation module is straight-through, does not do any decay;
6), by the inside detecting circuit module among Fig. 1, obtain current detecting circuit V
0
7), obtain current logarithm and amplify dynamic sensitivity: R=(V
1-V
0)/((P
0+ 1)-P
0)=V
1-V
0
B, minimum carrier power translation and search
8), keeping carrier frequency is F
M-X, power level is P
0, the modulation band-width of big modulation bandwidth linear FM signal is 0, and pulsed modulation is an off status, and the open loop search makes current open loop output power remain on the power level P of closed loop state
0
9), linear FM signal generation module be set be operated in monolateral band duty, it is frequency f that its single sideband singal is set
0
10), by interior detecting circuit, obtain corresponding current monolateral band frequency f
0Detecting circuit v
0
11), repeat the work in above-mentioned 9,10 liang of steps, setting gradually its single sideband singal frequency is f
1, f
2... f
N, obtaining its corresponding detecting circuit is v
1, v
2... v
N
12), the detecting circuit v that writes down in retrieval 10,11 steps
0, v
1, v
2... v
N, obtain its maximum voltage v
x
13), obtain minimum carrier power translation data: P
y=(v
x-V
0)/R;
14), the current power level being set is P
y
15), keeping carrier frequency is F
M-X, power level is P
y, the modulation band-width of big modulation bandwidth linear FM signal is 0, and pulsed modulation is an off status, and the open loop search makes current open loop output power remain on the power level P of closed loop state
y
16), by inner detecting circuit, obtain current detecting circuit V
R
C, pointwise are calibrated automatically
17), the optimum calibration data of initialization is seed data D
i
18), linear FM signal generation module be set be operated in monolateral band duty, it is frequency f that its single sideband singal is set
0
19), current some calibration counter C initial value being set is 0;
20), if calibration counter initial value is 0, then current calibration data D assignment is D
i, otherwise establishing current calibration data D assignment is the calibration data D that satisfied the calibration index request last time
1, current offset data D is set advances the corresponding compensation circuit, to adjust current frequency response state;
21), by interior detecting circuit, obtain corresponding current monolateral band frequency f
0Detecting circuit V
Bb
22), obtain current calibration error voltage V
d=V
Bb-V
0, if V
dSatisfy the index request of frequency response calibration, then went to for the 23rd step, otherwise, went to for the 24th step;
23), the current calibration data of record is D
1, with current calibration data write non-volatile memory, use when being provided with post-compensation simultaneously, went to for the 28th step then;
24), amplify dynamic sensitivity R, obtain current theoretical offset data difference D according to detection error voltage and the 7th logarithm that obtains of step
d, D
d=V
d/ R;
25), if current detection error voltage less than 3 times of frequency response calibration index, then D
d=D
d/ 2;
26), temporary current theoretical offset data is D
1, i.e. D
1=D
1-D
d
27), current calibration counter C=C+1, if surpass the maximum calibration number of times that allows, then went to for the 22nd step, continue current monolateral band frequency is calibrated, otherwise go to next step;
28), judge current carrier frequency F
M-XOn all calibration frequency f
0, f
1... f
NWhether calibration finishes, if calibration does not finish, then it is set to next single sideband singal frequency and is, and goes to for the 19th step and proceed calibration, otherwise, then go to next step;
29), the calibration finish, preserve all calibration data, withdraw from calibration.
The process flow diagram of above-mentioned calibration process is seen Fig. 3 (Fig. 3 is used to illustrate general thought, not at detailed performing step).
Because the frequency of big modulation bandwidth linear FM signal is linear change in time, in the compensating for frequency response process, the clock of baseband signal generator and electrically controlled attenuator voltage D/A send several clocks to want strict synchronism, to guarantee prompt that N+1 frequency of being divided equally of corresponding modulating bandwidth just in time when becoming the attenuator decay.In addition and since after the frequency multiplication modulation frequency response difference of big modulation bandwidth linear FM signal the time greater than 10dB, therefore the dynamic range of prompt power transformation controlled attenuator must be enough greatly.In addition, the speed of prompt power transformation controlled attenuator also wants fast as far as possible.
Big modulation bandwidth linear FM signal frequency response automatic calibrating method based on inner detecting circuit of the present invention, this method is followed the thought of reduction of speed and simulation, make fast signal discretize and staticize, and then be static single sideband singal by compensation software with fast-changing big modulation bandwidth linear FM signal reduction of speed, so just can calibrate; By inner detecting circuit and the prompt application that becomes decay, can make the frequency response calibration of big modulation bandwidth linear FM signal not rely on any external test facility, thereby the cost and the difficulty of calibration have been reduced, improve convenience and the exploitativeness of calibration, realized the auto-calibration of full frequency band, overall process.
The present invention is based on inner detecting circuit,, can obtain calibration reference data and error information easily, thereby can realize that the overall process that does not rely on external test facility calibrates automatically by inner detecting circuit.
The frequency response offset data is superimposed on the modulation path by victory change attenuator among the present invention, thereby realizes the quick amplitude adjustment of rf modulated signal fast.
The present invention can realize the frequency response calibration on all-pass road.Because inner detecting circuit is positioned at the modulation path of linear frequency modulation application system, so its detecting circuit is with intrasystem all the frequency response distortion factors of reactive applications, so the frequency response calibration based on this detecting circuit is realized can realize the calibration on all-pass road.
The present invention is suitable for big modulation band-width.The monolateral band Frequency point N that is divided in the step 2 in Fig. 2 and the summary of the invention in this invention algorithm can do corresponding the variation according to the variation of modulation band-width, when modulation band-width becomes big, only need the value change with N accordingly big, can be met the frequency response calibration data of index.
N is that (odd and even number all can more than or equal to 2 positive integer.As can be seen from Figure 2, compensation point f
0, f
1... f
NAbout F
M-XLeft-right symmetric.If N is an even number, then have between the even number calibration areas, follow-up backoff algorithm is more directly perceived--F
M-XBe positioned at f
N/2The place; If odd number then is between the odd number calibration areas, backoff algorithm is the same during with even number point, and just intuitive is poor slightly--F
M-XBe positioned at f
(N-1)/2And f
(N+1)/2The centre.), (unit of B is: positive even numbers Hz) is 1.801GHz as B, and then N gets 1802 in order to be not less than [B/1MHz] to get empirical value N usually.
Frequency interval is more little, and calibration point is just many more, and the frequency response of the big modulation bandwidth linear FM signal after the calibration is just good more; But it is many more that calibration is counted, and it is just long more calibrate the required time, and debugging and the efficient of producing are just low more.Therefore, should take all factors into consideration the contradiction between calibration effect and the calibration efficiency, select the appropriate calibration frequency interval, that is to say, if higher to the frequency response index request, that must sacrifice efficient, and the interval is diminished, increase calibration and count, like this, can realize that in theory the frequency response school is in 0.0xdB.Generally, can get empirical value M=[(F
M-F
0)/B] ([] expression rounds, and M is the positive integer more than or equal to 2), such as F
MBe 20GHz, F
0Be 500MHz, B is 1GHz, and the empirical value of then getting M is 19.After actual alignment, if the frequency response index does not reach designing requirement, can increase calibration and count, reach designing requirement until the frequency response index.
The present invention does not rely on any externally measured instrument and standard compares part.
The present invention can realize full frequency band frequency response calibration automatically.To the described algorithm of step 5, can realize the automatic frequency response calibration of full frequency band by step 1 in the summary of the invention.
The present invention can realize the real time calibration of site of deployment.Because this is invented described calibration steps and is not relied on any external test facility, therefore when bigger variation takes place in user's environment for use, bigger variation may take place in the frequency response data of dispatching from the factory of linear frequency modulation application system, at this moment, use method described in the invention, can realize the real time calibration of site of deployment.
The present invention can realize quickly calibrated by accelerating algorithm.Step 5.4 can improve the speed of calibration greatly to the accelerating algorithm of step 5.12 in the summary of the invention by using.
In sum, the calibration of the method for the invention need not relatively part of any measuring equipment and standard based on inner detecting circuit, therefore can reduce implementation cost, improves calibration efficiency; Simultaneously, because this method does not need complex mathematical to calculate and derivation, thereby the systematic error that can avoid intermediate operations to produce.
Compensation of the present invention based on victory become attenuation device (one of instantiation of device is electrically controlled attenuator, as Agilent HMMC-1015, frequency range: DC～26.5GHz, attenuation range: 2～30dB.Selection principle: working band is wide, and response speed is fast, and dynamic range is big, favorable repeatability, and stability is high.), become attenuation device amplitude to rf modulated signal on modulation path by victory and adjust fast, can solve in the time of can't adjusting by the modification Wave data amplitude of carrying out, especially the frequency modulation frequency response under base band+orthogonal modulation+frequency multiplication scheme is proofreaied and correct.
The frequency response correction that realizes the all-pass road of the present invention, because inner detecting circuit is positioned at the modulation path of linear frequency modulation application system, therefore its detecting circuit is with intrasystem all the frequency response distortion factors of reactive applications, so, frequency response calibration based on this detecting circuit is realized can realize the calibration on all-pass road.
Of the present invention can enforcement automatically.Because big modulation bandwidth linear FM signal frequency response Calibration Method proposed by the invention is based on inner detecting circuit, it does not rely on any externally measured instrument and standard compares part, therefore can realize the automatic frequency response calibration of full frequency band by step 1 in the summary of the invention to described algorithm of step 5 and calibration software.
Claims (4)
1. calibrating method for big modulation bandwidth linear FM signal frequency response is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
Step 1, the radiofrequency signal of the full frequency band that equipment to be calibrated is produced is divided into some frequency range F
0～F
1, F
1～F
2..., F
M-2～F
M-1, F
M-1～F
M, segmentation is calibrated respectively: the computing formula that frequency range is divided is M=[(F
M-F
0)/B], wherein [] expression rounds F
MFor stopping frequency, F
0Be initial frequency, B is the modulation band-width of big modulation bandwidth linear FM signal;
Step 2 on single calibration frequency range, is determined N+1 the N value in the calibration point; The N value get greater than and near the positive even numbers of [B/1MHz];
Step 3 is dynamically obtained logarithm and is amplified dynamic sensitivity R;
Step 4, minimum carrier power translation and search;
Step 5 is to frequency F
MPointwise is calibrated automatically.
2. calibrating method for big modulation bandwidth linear FM signal frequency response as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the said logarithm amplification dynamic sensitivity R that dynamically obtains of step 3 may further comprise the steps:
Step 3.1 at first, is provided with the radiofrequency signal module, and the radiofrequency signal that makes it to produce is operated in frequency F
1Down, at current power level P
0The basis on, current power level is set for (P
0+ 1);
Step 3.2, elder generation is 0 linear FM signal by controller control linear FM signal generation module generation frequency, control modulator block by controller then and close pulse-modulated signal, make the straight-through and removing path compensating for frequency response data of path by the prompt attenuation module that becomes of controller control at last;
Step 3.3 by detecting circuit, is obtained current detecting circuit V
1
Step 3.4, resetting current power level is P
0
Step 3.5, elder generation is 0 linear FM signal by controller control linear FM signal generation module generation frequency, control modulator block by controller then and close pulse-modulated signal, make the straight-through and removing path compensating for frequency response data of path by the prompt attenuation module that becomes of controller control at last;
Step 3.6 by detecting circuit, is obtained current detecting circuit V
0
Step 3.7 is calculated current logarithm and is amplified dynamic sensitivity: R=(V
1-V
0)/((P
0+ 1)-P
0)=(V
1-V
0)/(P
0+ 1-P
0)=V
1-V
0
3. calibrating method for big modulation bandwidth linear FM signal frequency response as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: said minimum carrier power translation of step 4 and search may further comprise the steps:
Step 4.1, the maintenance carrier frequency is F
1, power level is P
0, the modulation band-width of big modulation bandwidth linear FM signal is 0, and pulsed modulation is an off status, and the open loop search makes current open loop output power remain on the power level P of closed loop state
0
Step 4.2 is provided with linear FM signal generation module and is operated in monolateral band duty, and to set gradually single sideband singal be frequency f
0, f
1, f
2... f
N,, obtain the detecting circuit v of corresponding current monolateral band frequency then by detecting circuit
0, v
1, v
2... v
Nf
0, f
1, f
2... f
NBe the N+1 described in the step 2 calibration frequency;
Step 4.3, the detecting circuit v of search records
0, v
1, v
2... v
N, obtain its maximum voltage v
x
Step 4.4 is calculated minimum carrier power translation data: P
y=(v
x-V
0)/R, R are that current logarithm amplifies dynamic sensitivity, V
0The current detecting circuit that obtains for step 3.6;
Step 4.5, it is (P that the current power level is set
0+ P
y);
Step 4.6, the maintenance carrier frequency is F
1, power level is (P
0+ P
y), the modulation band-width of big modulation bandwidth linear FM signal is 0, and pulsed modulation is an off status, and the open loop search makes current open loop output power remain on the power level (P of closed loop state
0+ P
y).
4. calibrating method for big modulation bandwidth linear FM signal frequency response as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: step 5 is said to frequency F
MPointwise calibration automatically may further comprise the steps:
Step 5.1, the optimum calibration data of initialization is seed data D
i, D
iGet and make prompt change decay remain straight-through value;
Step 5.2 is provided with linear FM signal generation module and is operated in monolateral band duty, and it is frequency f that its single sideband singal is set
0
Step 5.3, it is 0 that current some calibration counter C initial value is set;
Step 5.4, if calibration counter initial value is 0, then current calibration data D assignment is D
i, otherwise establishing current calibration data D assignment is the calibration data D that satisfied the calibration index request last time
1, current offset data D is set advances the corresponding compensation circuit, to adjust current frequency response state;
Step 5.5 by detecting circuit, is obtained corresponding current monolateral band frequency f
0Detecting circuit V
Bb
Step 5.6 is obtained current detection error voltage V
d=V
Bb-V
0, V
0If the current detecting circuit that obtains for step 3.6 is V
dSatisfy the index request of frequency response calibration, then go to step 5.7, otherwise, go to step 5.8;
Step 5.7, writing down current calibration data is D
1, with current calibration data write non-volatile memory, use when being provided with post-compensation simultaneously, go to step 5.12 then;
Step 5.8, the logarithm that obtains according to detection error voltage and step 3.7 amplifies dynamic sensitivity R, obtains current theoretical offset data difference D
d, D
d=V
d/ R;
Step 5.9, if current detection error voltage is less than 3 times of frequency response calibration index, D then
d=D
d/ 2;
Step 5.10, temporary current theoretical offset data is D
1, i.e. D
1=D
1-D
d
Step 5.11, current calibration counter C=C+1 if do not surpass the maximum calibration number of times that allows, then goes to step 5.4, continues current monolateral band frequency is calibrated, otherwise goes to step 5.12;
Step 5.12 is judged current carrier frequency F
M-XOn all calibration frequency f
0, f
1... f
NAll calibration finishes, if calibration does not finish, then it is set to next single sideband singal frequency, and goes to step 5.3 and proceed calibration, otherwise, then go to step 5.13;
Step 5.13, calibration finishes, and preserves all calibration data, withdraws from calibration.
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