CN101700738B - Cooling system for electric vehicle - Google Patents

Cooling system for electric vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101700738B
CN101700738B CN 200910206465 CN200910206465A CN101700738B CN 101700738 B CN101700738 B CN 101700738B CN 200910206465 CN200910206465 CN 200910206465 CN 200910206465 A CN200910206465 A CN 200910206465A CN 101700738 B CN101700738 B CN 101700738B
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cooling
battery pack
motor
loop
branch road
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CN101700738A (en
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黄国昌
李金玲
周定芳
李乐
吕杨
王溪芹
王少惠
高凯
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Beiqi Foton Motor Co Ltd
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Beiqi Foton Motor Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention provides a cooling system for an electric vehicle, which comprises a motor cooling loop and a battery pack cooling loop, wherein the motor cooling loop and the battery pack cooling loop comprise a shared cooling pipeline; and a set of shared heat dissipating devices is arranged on the shared cooling pipeline. The cooling system for an electric vehicle simplifies the structure of the cooling system, reduces the installation space occupied by the cooling system and can lighten the weight of an electric vehicle body by sharing a set of heat dissipating devices by the motor cooling loop and the battery pack cooling loop.

Description

Cooling system for electric vehicle
Technical field
The embodiment of the invention relates to battery-driven car constructing technology field, relates in particular to a kind of cooling system for electric vehicle.
Background technology
Along with becoming increasingly conspicuous of global energy and environmental problem, various countries begin actively to research and develop battery-driven car now.The electric power system of battery-driven car comprises for example battery pack of a plurality of parts, by this electric power system be power system for example motor electric power is provided, drive electric vehicle running.Along with the development of battery-driven car, the parts heat dissipation problem of power system in the battery-driven car and electric power system also is the major issue that needs research and solve.
At present in the cooling system of battery-driven car, motor cooling system and pile cooling are two separately cooling systems of independent setting, and are correspondingly provided with two and overlap independently heat abstractor, for example radiator, fan etc.Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the motor cooling system in the prior art cooling system for electric vehicle, comprises heat abstractor 11, circulation power mechanism 12 and motor 13 in this motor cooling system, and it is connected through cooling line 14 successively, forms a motor cooling loop.Wherein, circulated cooling media in the cooling line 14, circulation power mechanism 12 provides the power of cooling media circulate; Cooling media dispels the heat heat delivery to the heat abstractor 11 that motor 13 produces.Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the pile cooling in the prior art cooling system for electric vehicle, and this cooling system is identical with motor cooling system structure and principle shown in Figure 1, just motor 13 is replaced for battery pack 15.
In realizing process of the present invention; The contriver finds to have following problem in the prior art at least: the separately independent mode that is provided with of above-mentioned motor cooling system and pile cooling; A large amount of pipelines need be set to be connected; Complex structure takies a large amount of installing spaces and makes that the electric bicycle body weight is bigger.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the embodiment of the invention provides a kind of cooling system for electric vehicle, in order to solve the baroque problem of present cooling system for electric vehicle, makes cooling system for electric vehicle simple in structure, and it is less to take installing space, thereby alleviates the electric bicycle body weight.
To achieve these goals, technical scheme provided by the invention is following:
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of cooling system for electric vehicle; Comprise motor cooling loop and battery pack cooling loop; Said motor cooling loop and battery pack cooling loop comprise shared cooling line, and said shared cooling line is provided with a shared cover heat abstractor.
On this basis; Said motor cooling loop can be with motor cooling loop and the shared heat abstractor of battery pack cooling loop; For example; It can also comprise the first cooling line branch road, and the said first cooling line branch road is provided with first valve, first circulation power mechanism and the motor that is connected in series; Said battery pack cooling loop also comprises the second cooling line branch road, and the said second cooling line branch road is provided with second valve, second circulation power mechanism and the battery pack that is connected in series.
Further, said motor cooling loop can also comprise the 3rd cooling line branch road, and the two ends of said the 3rd cooling line branch road connect the first cooling line branch road and the second cooling line branch road respectively, and it is provided with the 3rd water pump and the 3rd valve; Said motor, the 3rd valve, the 3rd circulation power mechanism and battery pack are formed the battery pack heating circuit.
Said motor cooling loop can also further common recycle actuating unit on the basis with motor cooling loop and the shared heat abstractor of battery pack cooling loop.For example, it can also comprise the first cooling line branch road, and the said first cooling line branch road is provided with motor; Said battery pack cooling loop also comprises the second cooling line branch road, and the said second cooling line branch road is provided with battery pack; Also be provided with a shared circulation power mechanism on the said shared cooling line; Be provided with first three-way valve in said circulation power mechanism and the said first cooling line branch road, the second cooling line branch road junction.
Further, said motor cooling loop can also comprise the battery pack heating circuit, and said battery pack heating circuit comprises said circulation power mechanism, motor and the battery pack that is connected in series; Said motor cooling loop also comprises second three-way valve and the 4th valve; Said second three-way valve and the 4th valve are arranged on the said shared cooling line; And lay respectively at the two ends of said heat abstractor; Be used for when said battery pack heating circuit is worked, cutting off being connected of said heat abstractor and said battery pack heating circuit.
Said motor cooling loop can adopt the mode of liquid cooling medium cooling, can make cooling performance better, cools off more even.Circulation has refrigerant fluid in the said cooling loop.Said refrigerant fluid can be water.Said circulation power mechanism can be water pump.
The cooling system for electric vehicle of the embodiment of the invention has been simplified the structure of cooling system through by motor cooling loop and the shared cover heat abstractor of battery pack cooling loop, has reduced the shared installing space of cooling system, can alleviate the weight of battery-driven car car body.
Description of drawings
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the invention or technical scheme of the prior art; To do one to the accompanying drawing of required use in embodiment or the description of the Prior Art below introduces simply; Obviously, the accompanying drawing in describing below is some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skills; Under the prerequisite of not paying creative work property, can also obtain other accompanying drawing according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the motor cooling system in the prior art cooling system for electric vehicle;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the pile cooling in the prior art cooling system for electric vehicle;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of cooling system for electric vehicle embodiment one of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of cooling system for electric vehicle embodiment two of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of cooling system for electric vehicle embodiment three of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of cooling system for electric vehicle embodiment four of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the heating circuit working state schematic representation among Fig. 6;
Fig. 8 is the cooling loop working state schematic representation among Fig. 6.
The specific embodiment
For the purpose, technical scheme and the advantage that make the embodiment of the invention clearer; To combine the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the invention below; Technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is carried out clear, intactly description; Obviously, described embodiment is the present invention's part embodiment, rather than whole embodiment.Based on the embodiment among the present invention, those of ordinary skills are not making the every other embodiment that is obtained under the creative work prerequisite, all belong to the scope of the present invention's protection.
The main technical schemes of the embodiment of the invention is; Independent motor cooling system and the pile cooling that is provided with in the present battery-driven car integrated, made both shared a part of pipelines, with the structure of simplified cooling system; Reduce it and take up room, and alleviate battery-driven car weight.The integration mode that specifically can adopt below is described.
Embodiment one
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of cooling system for electric vehicle embodiment one of the present invention; The principal feature of the cooling system for electric vehicle of present embodiment is; Motor cooling system and pile cooling in the present electrical motor are integrated; Form holistic cooling system for electric vehicle, comprising motor cooling loop and battery pack cooling loop; And the optimum working temperature scope based on motor and battery pack is basic identical, by the shared cover heat abstractor of motor cooling loop and battery pack cooling loop, this heat abstractor be arranged on motor cooling loop and battery pack cooling loop on the shared cooling line.
In addition, the cooling media in the present embodiment can adopt refrigerant fluid, for example water; Carry out the parts heat radiation of power system of electric automobile and electric power system through the mode of refrigerant fluid cooling; Adopt the even air cooling way of inhomogeneous cooling with respect to present battery-driven car great majority; The refrigerant fluid cooling on the one hand can be so that the interior temperature distribution of motor and battery pack be comparatively even; Cooling performance is better, and the work efficiency of motor and battery pack and service life improve; On the other hand, the refrigerant fluid type of cooling can also make relatively seals the battery module compact conformation, can reduce the battery pack volume and keep cleaning inside.And the circulation power mechanism that is provided at circulate power in the cooling line for cooling media in the present embodiment can adopt extraneous similar means such as water pump.For example, the first circulation power mechanism in the motor cooling loop of present embodiment can be first water pump, and the second circulation power mechanism in the battery pack cooling loop can be second water pump, is that cooling water expansion tank in the cooling line provides circulation power by water pump.
As shown in Figure 3, this cooling system for electric vehicle can comprise heat abstractor 21, motor 22, battery pack 23, first water pump 24 and second water pump 25.Its annexation can for; Heat abstractor 21, first water pump 24 and motor 22 threes are connected through cooling line; Form the motor cooling loop, heat abstractor 21, second water pump 25 and battery pack 23 threes are connected through cooling line, form the battery pack cooling loop.Wherein, heat abstractor 21 be positioned at two cover cooling loops on the shared cooling line 26, first water pump 24 is connected in series on the first cooling line branch road 27 with motor 22, second water pump 25 is connected in series on the second cooling line branch road 28 with battery pack 23.Can be provided with first valve 29 in the junction of the cooling line 26 and the first cooling line branch road 27; Can be provided with second valve 30 in the junction of the cooling line 26 and the second cooling line branch road 28.First valve 29 and second valve 30 all can adopt the two-port valve door.
The principle of work of the cooling system for electric vehicle of present embodiment is: through controlling the opening and closing of first valve 29 and second valve 30, realize starting or stoping the purpose of motor cooling loop and the work of battery pack cooling loop.In the practical implementation, can control first valve 29 and second valve 30 through the car load electric-control system of battery-driven car.For example; By the car load electric-control system temperature of motor 22 and battery pack 23 is monitored in real time, can be set a temperature threshold, when reaching this temperature threshold; Car load electric control system controls first valve 29 and second valve 30 are opened; Refrigerant fluid is through motor cooling loop and the battery pack cooling loop heat abstractor 21 of flowing through, and the work of motor 22 and battery pack 23 produced heat be delivered to this heat abstractor 21 and dispel the heat, and realizes the refrigerating function of motor 22 and battery pack 23.When temperature was lower than the temperature threshold of setting, the car load electric-control system can control first valve 29 and second valve 30 is closed, and cooling-liquid cycle stops.
In addition, the car load electric-control system can also be adjusted two discharges between cooling loop in real time through the aperture of control first valve 29 and second valve 30, satisfies the traffic requirement of two cooling loops.For example, during temperature drift, it is big slightly to adjust valve opening, increases the coolant flow rate in the cooling loop, strengthens the heat radiation dynamics; When temperature was on the low side, it was slightly little to adjust valve opening, reduced the coolant flow rate in the cooling loop, reduced the heat radiation dynamics, and it is comparatively convenient to control.And, because motor cooling loop and battery pack cooling loop are to be controlled by first valve 29 and second valve 30 respectively,, be independent of each other so two cover cooling loops can work alone.
The cooling system for electric vehicle of present embodiment has been simplified the structure of cooling system through by motor cooling loop and the shared cover heat abstractor of battery pack cooling loop, has reduced the shared installing space of cooling system, can alleviate the weight of battery-driven car car body.
Embodiment two
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of cooling system for electric vehicle embodiment two of the present invention; The cooling system for electric vehicle of present embodiment is on the basis of embodiment one structure; Further optimize, be with the key distinction of embodiment one, motor cooling loop and battery pack cooling loop are on the basis of a shared cover heat abstractor; Also shared circulation power mechanism, for example a water pump.Through the quantity of less water pump, further alleviated system weight.
As shown in Figure 4; The cooling system for electric vehicle of present embodiment is on the basis of cooling system for electric vehicle structure shown in Figure 3; Only be provided with motor 22 on the first cooling line branch road 27; Only be provided with battery pack 23 on the second cooling line branch road 28, and two cover cooling loops also increased shared water pump 31 on the shared cooling line 26.In shared water pump 31 sides; The place of the cooling line 26 and the first cooling line branch road 27,28 handing-over of the second cooling line branch road can be provided with one first three-way valve 32, by the selection of the opening and closing of these first three-way valve, 32 control motor cooling loops and battery pack cooling loop.
The principle of work of the cooling system for electric vehicle of present embodiment and embodiment one are similar, also can realize starting or stoping the purpose of motor cooling loop and the work of battery pack cooling loop through the opening and closing of control three-way valve 32.Can monitor in real time the temperature of motor 22 and battery pack 23 through the car load electric-control system of battery-driven car; And open or close valve A or the valve B in the three-way valve 32 according to the monitoring temperature structure; Valve A can control the motor cooling loop; Valve B can control the battery pack cooling loop, specifically can be referring to the principle of work of embodiment one.In like manner, motor cooling loop and battery pack cooling loop in the present embodiment also can work alone, and are independent of each other.
The cooling system for electric vehicle of present embodiment is through overlapping heat abstractor by motor cooling loop and battery pack cooling loop shared; An and shared circulation power mechanism; Further simplify the structure of cooling system, reduced the shared installing space of cooling system, improved automobile arrangement space degree of utilization; Alleviate complete vehicle weight greatly, reduced system energy consumption and manufacturing cost.
The foregoing description one and embodiment two mainly are that motor cooling system and pile cooling in the existing battery-driven car are integrated, and make its shared cover heat abstractor, a perhaps also shared on this basis cover circulation power mechanism.Below two embodiment will on the basis of embodiment one and embodiment two, further consider another factor.At present, the electric power system of battery-driven car has strict demand to operating temperature, under vehicle low temperature environment operating mode; For example, below general 5 degree, battery temperature is lower than battery best effort scope; Will reduce the discharge power of battery pack, can not satisfy the machine operation requirement, cause power of motor not enough; Elec. vehicle can't obtain dynamic property preferably, can't satisfy the requirement of going of elec. vehicle.Following embodiment three will set up the battery pack heating circuit with embodiment four, realize the battery pack in the battery-driven car is heated, and make battery pack can under low temperature environment, reach optimum working temperature fast, improve the battery operated efficient under the low temperature environment.
Embodiment three
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of cooling system for electric vehicle embodiment three of the present invention, and the cooling system for electric vehicle of present embodiment is on the architecture basics of embodiment one, further is provided with the battery pack heating circuit.Its main technical schemes is; Measure principle according to the motor feels hot in the battery-driven car much larger than the battery pack cal val; Can battery pack be heated with the heat that machine operation produces, make heat that machine operation produces through with the interchange of heat of refrigerant fluid, be delivered to battery pack.
As shown in Figure 5, the cooling system for electric vehicle of present embodiment has increased by the 3rd cooling line branch road 33 on the architecture basics of embodiment one.Can be provided with the 3rd water pump 34 on the 3rd cooling line branch road 33, and an end of the 3rd cooling line branch road 33 connects the first cooling line branch road 27, the other end connects the second cooling line branch road 28.After setting up the 3rd cooling line branch road 33, make motor 22, the 3rd water pump 34 and battery pack 23 form the battery pack heating circuit.In addition, can also the 3rd valve 35 be set, by the unlatching of the 3rd valve 35 control battery pack heating circuits or close at the 3rd cooling line branch road 33.
The principle of work of the cooling system for electric vehicle of present embodiment does; Through controlling the opening and closing of first valve 29, second valve 30 and the 3rd valve 35 respectively; Realize the opening and closing of motor cooling loop, battery pack cooling loop and battery pack heating circuit; And the work in three loops is separate, is independent of each other.
In the practical implementation, can adopt of the internal temperature control of car load electric-control system equally, realize that multi-mode automaticallyes switch, and need not manual operation according to motor 22 and battery pack 23.For example; Can set battery pack low temperature threshold value and chilling temperature threshold value respectively; When the internal temperature of motor 22 and battery pack 23 was higher than the chilling temperature threshold value, the car load electric-control system can be controlled first valve 29, second valve 30 and the 3rd valve 35 and all close, and cooling-liquid cycle stops.When the internal temperature of motor 22 and battery pack 23 is between battery pack low temperature threshold value and chilling temperature threshold value; The car load electric-control system can be controlled the 3rd valve 35 and close; And first valve 29 and second valve 30 are opened, and motor cooling loop and battery pack cooling loop carry out work, respectively motor 22 and battery pack 23 are cooled off; At this moment, the battery pack heating circuit is not worked.When the internal temperature of motor 22 and battery pack 23 was lower than battery pack low temperature threshold value, the car load electric-control system can control first valve 29 and second valve 30 is all closed, and the 3rd valve 35 is opened; At this moment, drive cooling water expansion tanks, circulation route only flow through motor 22, battery pack 23 by the 3rd water pump 34; The heat of motor 22 is delivered in the battery pack 23; Realization is quickened battery pack temperature and is risen to optimum working temperature the function of battery pack 23 heating, and the car load dynamic property promotes.Above-mentioned cooling loop operates under the different battery pack operating temperatures with heating circuit, can not open simultaneously.
The cooling system for electric vehicle of present embodiment is through overlapping heat abstractor by motor cooling loop and battery pack cooling loop shared; An and shared circulation power mechanism; Further simplify the structure of cooling system, reduced the shared installing space of cooling system, improved automobile arrangement space degree of utilization; Alleviate complete vehicle weight greatly, reduced system energy consumption and manufacturing cost; Also, solved the not high problem of work efficiency under the battery pack worst cold case, effectively improved the service life and the car load dynamic property of battery pack through to the battery pack heating.
Embodiment four
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of cooling system for electric vehicle embodiment four of the present invention; The cooling system for electric vehicle of present embodiment is on the architecture basics of embodiment two; The battery pack heating circuit further is set; This battery pack heating circuit comprises shared water pump 31, motor 22 and the battery pack 23 that is connected in series, and its principle is identical with embodiment three.The cooling system for electric vehicle of present embodiment is identical with embodiment three, also is to comprise three independently circuit systems, i.e. motor cooling loop, battery pack cooling loop and battery pack heating circuit.Wherein, remain water pump for example by the shared cover heat abstractor of motor cooling loop and battery pack cooling loop and a circulation power mechanism.
As shown in Figure 6; This cooling system for electric vehicle is on the basis of Fig. 4, and first end that can increase by one the 4th cooling line branch road, 36, the four cooling line branch roads 36 is connected the centre of heat abstractor 21 and shared water pump 31; Second end connects motor 22; And can be provided with second three-way valve 37 in the first end junction, the two ends that one two logical the 4th valve 38, the four valves 38 and second three-way valve 37 lay respectively at heat abstractor 21 can also be set on shared cooling line 26; Be used for when the battery pack heating circuit is worked, cut off being connected of heat abstractor 21 and battery pack heating circuit.
The principle of work of the cooling system for electric vehicle of present embodiment and embodiment three are similar, can be referring to embodiment three, in this simple declaration.It can realize cooling off equally, the Multistage Control of heating mode, is implemented under different operating modes and the ambient temperature the different interchange of heats of realizing in various degree according to radiating requirements.Through the car load electric-control system temperature of motor 22 and battery pack 23 is monitored.Under the low temperature environment operating mode, the internal temperature of battery pack 23 is lower than its best effort allowed band, and valve A and the 4th valve 38 in the valve C in second three-way valve 37, first three-way valve 32 are all closed; Referring to Fig. 7; Fig. 7 is the heating circuit working state schematic representation among Fig. 6, drives cooling water expansion tanks by shared water pump 31, circulation route only flow through motor 22, battery pack 23; The heat of motor 22 is delivered in the battery pack 23, realizes the function of battery pack 23 heating.Under the normal temperature environment operating mode; The internal temperature of battery pack 23 satisfies job requirement, and the valve D in second three-way valve 37 closes, referring to Fig. 8; Fig. 8 is the cooling loop working state schematic representation among Fig. 6; Cooling-water cycle between motor 22 and the battery pack 23 stops, and cooling water expansion tank is realized the refrigerating function to motor 22 and battery pack 23 respectively through motor cooling loop and two circulation loop work of battery pack cooling loop.When the heat radiation of satisfying power and electric power system in ambient temperature requires, can also be with the valve Close All among Fig. 6, cooling-water cycle stops, and all do not work in the heating and cooling loop.In above-mentioned working process, cooling loop operates under the different battery pack operating temperatures with heating circuit, can not open simultaneously; And three loops can work alone, and are independent of each other.
What should explain at last is: above embodiment is only in order to explaining technical scheme of the present invention, but not to its restriction; Although with reference to previous embodiment the present invention has been carried out detailed explanation, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that: it still can be made amendment to the technical scheme that aforementioned each embodiment put down in writing, and perhaps part technical characterictic wherein is equal to replacement; And these are revised or replacement, do not make the spirit and the scope of the essence disengaging various embodiments of the present invention technical scheme of relevant art scheme.

Claims (7)

1. cooling system for electric vehicle; It is characterized in that; Comprise motor cooling loop and battery pack cooling loop, said motor cooling loop and battery pack cooling loop comprise shared cooling line, and said shared cooling line is provided with a shared cover heat abstractor;
Said motor cooling loop also comprises the first cooling line branch road, and the said first cooling line branch road is provided with first valve, first circulation power mechanism and the motor that is connected in series; Said battery pack cooling loop also comprises the second cooling line branch road, and the said second cooling line branch road is provided with second valve, second circulation power mechanism and the battery pack that is connected in series;
Said motor cooling loop also comprises the 3rd cooling line branch road, and the two ends of said the 3rd cooling line branch road connect the first cooling line branch road and the second cooling line branch road respectively, and it is provided with the 3rd water pump and the 3rd valve; Said motor, the 3rd valve, the 3rd circulation power mechanism and battery pack are formed the battery pack heating circuit.
2. cooling system for electric vehicle according to claim 1 is characterized in that, circulation has refrigerant fluid in the said cooling loop.
3. cooling system for electric vehicle according to claim 2 is characterized in that, said refrigerant fluid is a water.
4. cooling system for electric vehicle; It is characterized in that; Comprise motor cooling loop and battery pack cooling loop, said motor cooling loop and battery pack cooling loop comprise shared cooling line, and said shared cooling line is provided with a shared cover heat abstractor;
Said motor cooling loop also comprises the first cooling line branch road, and the said first cooling line branch road is provided with motor; Said battery pack cooling loop also comprises the second cooling line branch road, and the said second cooling line branch road is provided with battery pack; Also be provided with a shared circulation power mechanism on the said shared cooling line; Be provided with first three-way valve in said circulation power mechanism and the said first cooling line branch road, the second cooling line branch road junction;
Said motor cooling loop also comprises the battery pack heating circuit, and said battery pack heating circuit comprises said circulation power mechanism, motor and the battery pack that is connected in series; Said motor cooling loop also comprises second three-way valve and the 4th valve; Said second three-way valve and the 4th valve are arranged on the said shared cooling line; And lay respectively at the two ends of said heat abstractor; Be used for when said battery pack heating circuit is worked, cutting off being connected of said heat abstractor and said battery pack heating circuit.
5. cooling system for electric vehicle according to claim 4 is characterized in that, circulation has refrigerant fluid in the said cooling loop.
6. cooling system for electric vehicle according to claim 5 is characterized in that, said refrigerant fluid is a water.
7. cooling system for electric vehicle according to claim 4 is characterized in that, said circulation power mechanism is a water pump.
CN 200910206465 2009-11-13 2009-11-13 Cooling system for electric vehicle Active CN101700738B (en)

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