CN101699056A - Fuel injection device for supercritical fuel - Google Patents

Fuel injection device for supercritical fuel Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101699056A
CN101699056A CN200910207693A CN200910207693A CN101699056A CN 101699056 A CN101699056 A CN 101699056A CN 200910207693 A CN200910207693 A CN 200910207693A CN 200910207693 A CN200910207693 A CN 200910207693A CN 101699056 A CN101699056 A CN 101699056A
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China
Prior art keywords
fuel
pressure
tank
fuel tank
odd
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Granted
Application number
CN200910207693A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN101699056B (en
Inventor
本江勇介
加藤正明
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Denso Corp
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Denso Corp
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
    • F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
    • F02M21/0218—Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
    • F02M21/0221—Fuel storage reservoirs, e.g. cryogenic tanks
    • F02M21/0224—Secondary gaseous fuel storages
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/02—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with gaseous fuels
    • F02D19/021—Control of components of the fuel supply system
    • F02D19/022—Control of components of the fuel supply system to adjust the fuel pressure, temperature or composition
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/02—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with gaseous fuels
    • F02D19/026—Measuring or estimating parameters related to the fuel supply system
    • F02D19/027—Determining the fuel pressure, temperature or volume flow, the fuel tank fill level or a valve position
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
    • F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
    • F02M21/0203—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels characterised by the type of gaseous fuel
    • F02M21/0209—Hydrocarbon fuels, e.g. methane or acetylene
    • F02M21/0212—Hydrocarbon fuels, e.g. methane or acetylene comprising at least 3 C-Atoms, e.g. liquefied petroleum gas [LPG], propane or butane
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
    • F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
    • F02M21/0218—Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
    • F02M21/0245—High pressure fuel supply systems; Rails; Pumps; Arrangement of valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
    • F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
    • F02M21/0218—Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
    • F02M21/0287—Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers characterised by the transition from liquid to gaseous phase ; Injection in liquid phase; Cooling and low temperature storage
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
    • F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
    • F02M21/06—Apparatus for de-liquefying, e.g. by heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M31/00—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M31/02—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture for heating
    • F02M31/12—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture for heating electrically
    • F02M31/125—Fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
    • F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
    • F02M21/0218—Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
    • F02M21/0248—Injectors
    • F02M21/0275—Injectors for in-cylinder direct injection, e.g. injector combined with spark plug
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/30—Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a fuel injection device for a vehicle, which keeps supercritical fuel in a fuel tank under a liquid form with keeping cost low. The fuel tank 7 is comprised of a main tank 21 of large capacity and a heat insulating structure sub tank 2 of small capacity, and an electric heater 26 heating fuel in the sub tank 22 is provided. DME in the fuel tank 7 is heated by the electric heater 26 and pressure in the fuel tank 7 rises due to evaporation of fuel. Concretely, pressure in the main tank 21 is controlled to keep fuel in a fuel suction side of a high pressure pump 6 under a liquid form. Pressure in the fuel tank 7 is raised, and DME in the fuel tank 7 is liquefied by the light weight low cost electric heater 26 instead of high cost compressor and nitrogen bomb which are used in former technology, and cost of the fuel injection device is reduced.

Description

Fuel injection device for supercritical fuel
The application is the dividing an application that application number 200710140820.0, the applying date be on August 10th, 2007, denomination of invention for the application of " fuel injection device for supercritical fuel ".
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of vehicle fuel injection apparatus, use the supercritical fuel (subcritical fuel) that does not liquefy at normal temperatures and pressures.
Background technique
(prior art 1)
Known a kind of use is as the vehicle fuel injection apparatus (for example patent documentation 1) of the DME (dimethyl ether) of an example of supercritical fuel.
With reference to Fig. 9 one example of the fuel injection system of use DME is described.
Make with extra care DME with rock gas, coal and biomass etc. as raw material.The vapor tension of this DME is lower.Therefore, can be pressurized to before and after 10 barometric pressure and and be accumulated in the fuel tank J1 with the state that is liquefied.
The DME that is accumulated in the fuel tank J1 is arrived sparger (injector) J5 by high voltage supply, and is ejected into from J5 in the cylinder of motor by high pressure fuel pump J2 → high-pressure service pump J3 → common rail J4.The requirement of sparger J5 is sprayed to press and is high pressure, and the leaked fuel that is imported into reflow pipe J6 from sparger J5 becomes high temperature.Therefore, be imported into leaked fuel gasification easily in reflow pipe J6 of reflow pipe J6.
In the past, for the leaked fuel liquefaction that makes this gasification and turn back among the fuel tank J1, be equipped with special-purpose compressor J7.
But, only, can improve the cost of the fuel injection system that uses DME in order to make leaked fuel liquefaction and to turn back in the fuel tank J1 and carry the compressor J7 of high price.
(prior art 2)
Other fuel injection system as using DME proposes following method: by supplying with nitrogen to fuel tank, make the pressure in the fuel tank surpass saturation vapour pressure, thus DME is liquefied (not shown, for example patent documentation 2).
If the fuel injection system that this supplies to nitrogen fuel tank and boost is for putting type then problem is also less.
But,, weigh so high price and vehicle weight become owing in the time this technology will being used in vehicle, need on vehicle, carry nitrogen bottle.And,, therefore difficult to being suitable for of vehicle because except that DME, new generation also will replenish the needs of nitrogen.
Patent documentation 1: TOHKEMY 2003-3925 communique
Patent documentation 2: Japanese kokai publication hei 10-306760 communique
Summary of the invention
The present invention carries out in view of the problems referred to above, and its objective is provides a kind of vehicle fuel injection apparatus, can suppress cost and the supercritical fuel in the fuel tank is maintained liquid state.
[technological scheme 1]
Adopt the fuel injection device for supercritical fuel of technological scheme 1,, make the interior voltage rise height of fuel tank by the supercritical fuel in the fuel tank being heated by heating machanism.Thus, can make the pressure in the fuel tank surpass saturation vapour pressure, the supercritical fuel in the fuel tank can be liquefied.That is, replace the compressor and the nitrogen bottle of the employed high price of prior art, can will boost in the fuel tank and supercritical fuel be liquefied by heating machanism.
As heating machanism, owing to can utilize the electric heater or the vehicle used heat (engine waste heat, cooling water heat, interstage cooler used heat etc.) of cheap and lightweight compactness, therefore compare with the situation of utilizing employed compressor of prior art and nitrogen bottle, can reduce the cost of fuel injection device for supercritical fuel.
[technological scheme 2]
Adopting the fuel tank of the supercritical fuel injection apparatus of technological scheme 2 is to be made of main tank and odd-side, and heating machanism is arranged in the odd-side.Thus, by the heating machanism temperature of supercritical fuel that can easily raise, and can easily carry out boosting in the fuel tank.
And main tank and odd-side are communicated with by the little gas communication portion of passage resistance on top, are communicated with by the big fluid connection portion of passage resistance in the bottom.Thus, the high pressure that produces in odd-side is applied in the main tank by the little gas communication portion of passage resistance.On the other hand, because heated high-temperature fluid fuel is communicated with by the big fluid connection portion of passage resistance with liquid fuel in the main tank in odd-side, the temperature that therefore can suppress the liquid fuel in the main tank rises, and the heat leakage that can suppress the liquid fuel in the odd-side is to outside.
[technological scheme 3]
The odd-side of the supercritical fuel injection apparatus of employing technological scheme 3 is set at the outside of main tank.
Like this, because odd-side separates from main tank, so the lift-launch of heating machanism etc. and the employing of adiabatic structure become easy.
[technological scheme 4]
The odd-side of the supercritical fuel injection apparatus of employing technological scheme 4 is set at the inside of main tank.
Thus, can reduce the mounting space of fuel tank.
[technological scheme 5]
Adopt the supercritical fuel injection apparatus of technological scheme 5, have the cooling mechanism of the fuel in the cooling fuel tank.
Thus, can prevent to make the temperature in the fuel tank become abnormal high temperature, and can avoid becoming in the fuel tank abnormal pressure owing to the action of heating machanism.
[technological scheme 6]
Adopt the supercritical fuel injection apparatus of technological scheme 6 to be, in fuel tank, supply with forced air, the interior voltage rise of fuel tank is pressed by the mechanism of supplying gas.Thus, can make the pressure in the fuel tank surpass saturation vapour pressure, can make the supercritical fuel liquefaction in the fuel tank.That is, substitute the compressor and the nitrogen bottle of the employed high price of prior art, mechanism can will boost in the fuel tank and supercritical fuel be liquefied by supplying gas.
As the mechanism of supplying gas, since can utilize highly versatile cheapness air compressor or carry existing air pump on vehicle (pneumatic braking device with pump etc.), therefore compare with the situation of utilizing employed compressor of prior art or nitrogen bottle, can reduce the cost of supercritical fuel injection apparatus.
[technological scheme 7]
Adopt the supercritical fuel injection apparatus of technological scheme 7 to have control gear, this control gear is controlled the heating machanism or the mechanism of supplying gas, so that the pressure in the fuel tank or fuel pressure is condensed to high pressure and the fuel pressure of the fuel suction side of the high-pressure service pump of discharging becomes more than the saturation vapour pressure.
Like this, by control gear the heating machanism and the mechanism of supplying gas are controlled, supercritical fuel in the fuel tank can be maintained liquefaction, perhaps the fuel in making fuel tank is on the basis of liquefaction, the fuel of the fuel suction side of high-pressure service pump can be maintained liquefaction.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the skeleton diagram (embodiment 1) of fuel injection system.
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of the control example of expression pressure control function.
Fig. 3 is the chart of the relation of the expression temperature of DME and saturation vapour pressure.
Fig. 4 is the skeleton diagram (embodiment 2) of fuel injection system.
Fig. 5 is the skeleton diagram (embodiment 3) of fuel injection system.
Fig. 6 is the skeleton diagram (embodiment 4) of fuel injection system.
Fig. 7 is the skeleton diagram (embodiment 5) of fuel injection system.
Fig. 8 is the skeleton diagram (embodiment 6) of fuel injection system.
Fig. 9 is the skeleton diagram (prior art example) of fuel injection system.
Embodiment
The fuel injection device for supercritical fuel of optimal way 1 has the heating machanism (for example, electric heater, engine waste heat, cooling water heat, interstage cooler used heat etc.) that the fuel in the fuel tank of accumulating supercritical fuel is heated and makes the interior voltage rise pressure of fuel tank.Supercritical fuel in the fuel tank is heated and the interior voltage rise of fuel tank is pressed by heating machanism, the supercritical fuel in the fuel tank can be liquefied.
The fuel injection device for supercritical fuel of optimal way 2 has in the fuel tank of accumulating supercritical fuel the mechanism of supplying gas that the interior voltage rise supplying with forced air and make fuel tank presses (for example, pneumatic braking device with pump etc.).
[embodiment 1]
With reference to Fig. 1～Fig. 3 the fuel injection system of use as the DME of an example of supercritical fuel described
Fuel injection system is the system that carries out the fuel injection to each cylinder of motor (not shown), as shown in Figure 1, is made of supply pump 1, common rail 2, sparger 3 and control gear 4 etc.
In addition, control gear 4 is made of ECU (control unit of engine) 4a and EDU (driver element) 4b, and ECU4a and EDU4b can be provided with independently, also can be built in the shell.
(explanation of supply pump 1)
Supply pump 1 is the all-in-one-piece petrolift that drives transfer pump (feed pump) 5 and high-pressure service pump 6 by common camshaft (by the live axle of engine revolution driving).This supply pump 1 is the supply pump that the type of being carried has been applied the improvement that DME uses in general employed common rail fuel injection device (fuel injection system of use for diesel engine).
Transfer pump 5 is fuel suction pumps, and it is connected with fuel tank 7 by fuel distribution tube 8, and sucks the fuel that (is specially in the main tank 21 described later) in the fuel tank 7 via stop valve in the way that is arranged on this fuel distribution tube 89 and fuel filter 10, and delivers to high-pressure service pump 6.
Stop valve 9 is a normally closed solenoid valve for example, and (when ignition switch is connected) accepted energising and opened fuel distribution tube 8 from ECU4a in engine running, and (when ignition switch is turn-offed) is stopped energising and sealing fuel distribution tube 8 in motor stops.
Fuel filter 10 is except the effect of the script of filtering fuel, also have connecting path sectional area, can be absorbed in the fuel distribution tube 8 effect of the pulsation that produces (pulsation that causes by the action of transfer pump 5 and high-pressure service pump 6 etc.) by its internal capacity and fuel distribution tube 8.
In addition, stop valve 9 and fuel filter 10 structure that yes can carry press corresponding to height.
In supply pump 1, be equipped with the pressure regulator valve 11 of the passage (ギ ヤ ラ リ one) of the fuel suction side of high-pressure service pump 6 being pressed the transfer passage pressure that is adjusted into regulation.
This pressure regulator valve 11 is set to, the vapour pressure in it is applied with fuel tank 7 behind, and the based on fuel vapor tension, be that fuel temperature is adjusted cracking pressure automatically, DME is gasified in the passage of the fuel suction side of high-pressure service pump 6.The DME that has passed through pressure regulator valve 11 is imported into reflow pipe 12, and turns back to fuel tank 7 (being specially main tank 21 described later) by safety check 13.
High-pressure service pump 6 is fuel compressor pumps, and it will be condensed to high pressure by the fuel pressure of pressure regulator valve 11 pressure regulation, and passes through expulsion valve (safety check) 14 to being total to rail 2 force feeds.
From transfer pump 5 to the fuel flow path of high-pressure service pump 6 (specifically being the fuel pressurization chamber of high-pressure service pump 6) transfer the fuel, be equipped with the SCV (suction amount adjusting valve) 15 of the aperture degree that is used to adjust this fuel flow path.This SCV15 is an amount adjusting valve, by by control from the pump drive signal of control device 4 intake of adjusting the fuel that is inhaled into high-pressure service pump 6, and change to the discharge capacity of the fuel of rail 2 force feeds altogether, adjust common rail pressure by adjusting to the discharge capacity of the fuel of rail 2 force feeds altogether.That is, control gear 4 is controlled to be and the corresponding pressure of vehicle running state being total to rail pressure by control SCV15.
(explanation of rail 2 altogether)
Common rail 2 is accumulation of energy containers that the fuel under high pressure of subtend sparger 3 supplies is carried out accumulation of energy, be connected with the expulsion valve 14 of high-pressure service pump 6 so that accumulation of energy is equivalent to the common rail pressure that fuel sprays pressure by high-pressure service pump pipe arrangement 16, and be connected with a plurality of sparger pipe arrangements 17 from fuel under high pressure to each sparger 3 that supply with.
At an end that is total to rail 2 reduction valve 18 that is also used as pressure restrictor is installed.This reduction valve 18 is driven valve by the valve index signal of opening of giving from control gear 4, and reduces pressure to being total to rail pressure apace by reflow pipe 2.Like this, by carrying reduction valve 18 on the rail 2 altogether, control gear 4 can reduce the pressure that controls to corresponding to vehicle running state fast with being total to rail pressure.
(explanation of sparger 3)
Sparger 3 is equipped on each cylinder of motor, and to each in-cylinder injection fueling, it is connected from the downstream of a plurality of sparger pipe arrangements 17 that are total to rail 2 branches.
Sparger 3 is equipped with motor drivers such as solenoid, piezoelectric actuator.Motor driver makes the nozzle 3a injection of the fuel under high pressure of accumulation of energy in being total to rail 2 from the top thus by the injection signal control from control device 4.
The leaked fuel of the low pressure of leaking from sparger 3 is directed to the reflow pipe 12, and turns back in the fuel tank 7 via safety check 13.
At this, lean on the reflow pipe 12 of upstream side to be provided with fuel changing valve 19 than safety check 13.This fuel changing valve 19 for example is a three-way solenoid valve, usually the time leaked fuel is returned fuel tank 7, when giving cleaning (purge) signal (for example, the energising of following motor to stop stops) from control gear 4, reflow pipe 12 is connected with the cleaning path.In addition, the cleaning path is connected with engine air inlet tube or cleaning box etc.
(explanation of fuel tank 7)
Fuel tank 7 is to be pressurized to about 10 barometric pressure and outstanding container such as the DME that is liquefied, that considered Security, resistance to pressure, corrosion resistance and anti-combustibility from external complement, is made of the main tank 21 of big volume and the odd-side 22 of little volume.
The odd-side 22 of present embodiment is provided with mutually independently with main tank 21, is carrying on vehicle with main tank 21 roughly the same height and positions.
Main tank 21 is communicated with by the little gas communication portion 23 of passage resistance on top with odd-side 22, is communicated with by the big fluid connection portion 24 of passage resistance in the bottom.
Particularly, the top of main tank 21 and odd-side 22 is connected by the big top pipe arrangement of flowing path section (example of gas communication portion 23), and constitutes in odd-side 22 pressure that produces (unlifting pressure in the odd-side 22 that the action by electric heater 26 described later produces) and be easy to apply to main tank 21.
And, the bottom of main tank 21 and odd-side 22 is connected by the little bottom pipe arrangement of flowing path section (example of fluid connection portion 24), and constitutes the liquid fuel (fuel by the action of electric heater 26 described later in the heated odd-side 22) that in odd-side 22 temperature rises and be not easy to flow into main tank 21.
Odd-side 22 is set as adiabatic structure or simple and easy adiabatic structure, and becomes the structure that the fuel temperature in the heated odd-side 22 is not easy to lower the temperature by the action of electric heater 26 described later.
And, being provided with safety valve 25 on one top of main tank 21 or odd-side 22, valve open when the interior pressure of fuel tank 7 reaches set upper limit pressure is discharged into the outside with the pressure in the fuel tank 7.
Be provided with the heating machanism that the DME in the odd-side 22 is heated and makes the interior voltage rise pressure of odd-side 22 in the inside of odd-side 22.The heating machanism of present embodiment is for example for being arranged on bottom in the odd-side 22 etc., generating heat by switching on and heat the electric heater 26 of the interior liquid fuel of odd-side 22.
This electric heater 26 is adjusted the temperature of the liquid fuel in the odd-side 22, and is controlled in the main tank 21 and the pressure in the odd-side 22 by by control gear 4 control "on" positions.In addition, control aftermentioned about the energising of electric heater 26.
And, the fuel cooler 27 (cooling mechanism) of the DME in the inside of odd-side 22 is provided with cooling odd-side 22.This fuel cooler 27 is mechanisms that cooling fluids such as cold and hot refrigeration agent that cooling water, the air-cooling system of the low temperature side of motor are used and vehicle driving wind import the DME that cools off odd-side 22, import to this fuel cooler 27 cooling fluid supply and stop (being arranged at the switching of valve that cooling fluid is imported the pipe arrangement of fuel cooler 27), by control gear 4 controls.In addition, about the control of fuel cooler 27 with aftermentioned.
(explanation of control gear 4)
Control gear 4 is devices that each above-mentioned electric work energy parts are switched on and controlled, and is made of ECU4a and EDU4b.
ECU4a is that the computer by known structure constitutes, and it constitutes, and comprising: the CPU that carries out control processing, calculation process; Preserve the storage device (storagies such as ROM, RAM, SRAM, EEPROM) of various programs and data; Input circlult; Output circuit; And power circuit.
ECU4a carries out various calculation process according to the signal of the sensing class of reading in (engine parameter: according to the signal of the operating condition of occupant's driving condition, motor)
In addition, in ECU4a, sensor class as the detection of engine parameter, except detecting the throttle sensor of accelerator open degree, the speed probe of detection of engine rotating speed and crank shaft angle, the cooling-water temperature sensor of the cooling water temperature of detection of engine, and detection is total to the common rail pressure sensor 31 of rail pressure etc., outside the sensor class of the common rail fuel injection device of common use for diesel engine, also be connected with the common rail temperature transducer 32 of detection at the fuel temperature that is total to rail 2 accumulation of energys, the channel temperature sensor 33 of the fuel temperature of the fuel suction side of detection high-pressure service pump 6, detect the odd-side temperature transducer 34 of the fuel temperature in the odd-side 22, detect the main tank pressure transducer 35 of the pressure in the main tank 21.
(explanation of pressure control function)
In control gear 4, except that the driving condition according to vehicle carries out the common injection control function of control of sparger 3 or SCV15, also be equipped with pressure control function, "on" position to electric heater 26 is controlled, so that the fuel pressure (transfer passage pressure) of the fuel suction side of high-pressure service pump 6 is become more than the saturation vapour pressure of DME, promptly, make the DME of the fuel suction side of high-pressure service pump 6 become liquid condition.
This pressure control function is the control program that is stored in the storage of ECU4a and is carried out by ECU4a, and the concrete example of energising control of the electric heater 26 of pressure control function is described with reference to the saturation vapour pressure curve of the flow chart of Fig. 2 and Fig. 3
When ECU4a enters the control program of (startup) pressure control function, carry out following control.
Step S1: the fuel temperature (channel temperature Tgr) that reads in the fuel suction side of the high-pressure service pump 6 that detects by channel temperature sensor 33.
Step S2: calculate case internal object pressure P tt (=passage target is pressed Pft) according to the channel temperature Tgr that reads at step S1.
Concrete example to this step S2 describes.ECU4a stores the figure of saturation vapour pressure curve shown in Figure 3.Then, according to the saturation pressure of the channel temperature Tgr that reads in, calculate the above case internal object pressure P tt (=passage target is pressed Pft) of saturation vapour pressure that passage presses to DME.
And, describe according to the flow process of object lesson to the calculating of case internal object pressure P tt (=passage target is pressed Pft)
At first, under the situation of the channel temperature Tgr that reads in, press Pg to become (2) among Fig. 3 corresponding to the basic passage of this channel temperature Tgr for (1) among Fig. 3
In transfer pump 5 because the plus-pressure Pfp of the DME shown in (3) among Fig. 3 is arranged, so the pressure in the fuel tank 7 are that (2)-(3) get final product.But the pressure that in fact exists fuel to suck in high-pressure service pump 6 reduces.Therefore, transfer passage is pressed as the residual pressure more than the saturation vapour pressure of DME, and keep the residue span of control limit of control Pgm shown in (4) among Fig. 3.
Like this, the DME that makes the fuel suction side of high-pressure service pump 6 is the case internal object pressure P tt of liquid condition, calculates by (5)=(2)-(3)+(4).
That is, calculate by Ptt=Pg-Pfp+Pgm.
Step S3: read in the fuel temperature (the temperature inside the box Ttr) in the odd-side 22 that detects by odd-side temperature transducer 34.
Step S4:, calculate the target temperature Ttt in the odd-side 22 according to the case internal object pressure P tt that calculates at step S2 (=passage target is pressed Pft).Particularly, according to the figure of saturation vapour pressure curve shown in Figure 3, and calculate case internal object temperature T tt according to case internal object pressure P tt (=passage target press Pft).That is,, then obtain (6) among Fig. 3 as case internal object temperature T tt corresponding to these (5) if case internal object pressure P tt (=passage target is pressed Pft) is (5) among Fig. 3.
Step 5: electric heater 26 or fuel cooler 27 are controlled, so that become the case internal object temperature T tt that obtains in step 4.
Particularly, deduct the case internal object temperature T tt (Ttr-Ttt) that obtains at step S4 from the temperature inside the box Ttr that reads at step S3, under the situation of Ttr＜Ttt, 26 energisings make the temperature inside the box Ttr be warmed up to case internal object temperature T tt to electric heater, otherwise under the situation of Ttr＞Ttt, make fuel cooler 27 actions make the temperature inside the box Ttr cool to case internal object temperature T tt.
Step S6: read in the pressure (case internal pressure Ptr) in the main tank 21 that detects by main tank pressure transducer 35.
Step S7: in step S5 under the temperature inside the box Ttr and case internal object temperature T tt situation about equally (
Figure G2009102076930D00091
), (Ptr ≠ Ptt) carries out Correction and Control according to poor (Ptr-Ptt) of case internal pressure Ptr and case internal object pressure P tt under the case internal pressure Ptr situation different with case internal object pressure P tt.
Correction and Control is, obtains correction value, and makes case internal pressure Ptr consistent with case internal object pressure P tt according to this correction value, and the Correction and Control that can calculate also can be carried out Correction and Control to the action output of electric heater 26 or fuel cooler 27.
(variation of control)
Biao Shi example is in the present embodiment, thereby in above-mentioned steps S5, under the situation of Ttr＞Ttt, make fuel cooler 27 actions make the temperature inside the box Ttr cool to case internal object temperature T tt, but, also can make fuel cooler 27 actions so that make the temperature inside the box Ttr not reach predefined upper limiting temperature, perhaps make fuel cooler 27 actions so that make case internal pressure Ptr not reach predefined upper limit pressure.
And, also can abolish the Correction and Control of above-mentioned steps S6, S7, add error size and also calculate case internal object pressure P tt or case internal object temperature T tt.
(embodiment 1 action)
When the action by control gear 4 comes electric heater 26 is switched on and when heating in the odd-side 22, thereby press liter in the gasification of the some of the liquid fuel in the odd-side 22.The pressure that rises in odd-side 22 is imported in the main tank 21 via the top pipe arrangement of big flowing path section, and the pressure in the main tank 21 is risen.By above-mentioned pressure control function, the pressure in the main tank 21 is controlled as case internal object pressure P tt.That is, the pressure in the main tank 21 is controlled, so that make the fuel of the fuel suction side of high-pressure service pump 6 become liquid condition.
(embodiment 1 effect)
As mentioned above, embodiment 1 fuel injection system heats by the DME in 26 pairs of fuel tanks of electric heater 7, and the interior voltage rise of fuel tank 7 is pressed.Thus, can make the pressure in the fuel tank 7 surpass saturation vapour pressure, and can make the DME liquefaction in the fuel tank 7.That is, substitute the compressor and the nitrogen bottle of the high price of using in the prior art, thereby can boost the liquefaction of the DME in the fuel tank 7 in the 26 pairs of fuel tanks 7 of electric heater by light weight and cheapness.
Thus, compare, can reduce the cost of the fuel injection system that uses DME with prior art (using the situation of compressor and nitrogen bottle).Particularly, can abolish high voltage supply pump J2, compressor J7 and cleaning box J8 etc. from prior art shown in Figure 9 (patent documentation 1).
Embodiment 1 fuel injection system is controlled the pressure in the main tank 21, so that the fuel of the fuel suction side of high-pressure service pump 6 becomes liquid condition.Therefore, the fuel supply cooler 51 (symbol is with reference to Fig. 8 of embodiment 6) that the DME that imports supply pump 5 from fuel tank 7 is cooled off can be abolished, and the cost of the fuel injection system that uses DME can be reduced.
Embodiment 1 fuel injection system is divided into main tank 21 and odd-side 22 with fuel tank 7, and electric heater 26 is carried in the little odd-side 22 of volume.Thus, owing to easily fuel temperature is risen by electric heater 26, so can reduce the capacity of electric heater 26, and can suppress the power consumption of electric heater 26.
And the top of main tank 21 and odd-side 22 is communicated with by the little gas communication portion 23 of passage resistance, and the bottom of main tank 21 and odd-side 22 is communicated with by the big fluid connection portion 24 of passage resistance.Thus, because the high pressure that produces in odd-side 22 can be applied in the main tank 21 by the little gas communication portion 23 of passage resistance, but heated high-temperature fluid fuel flows into main tank 21 by the big fluid connection portion 24 of passage resistance hardly in odd-side 22, the temperature that therefore can suppress the fuel in the main tank 21 rises, and the heat leakage that can suppress the fuel in the odd-side 21 is to outside.
And, in the present embodiment, odd-side 22 is arranged on the outside of main tank 21.Thus, the lift-launch of electric heater 26 or fuel cooler 27 can be improved, and the thermal insulation structure of odd-side 22 can be easily adopted.
And, in embodiment 1 fuel injection system, in odd-side 22, be provided with the fuel cooler 27 of cooling DME.Thus, can prevent to make the fuel temperature in the odd-side 22 become abnormal high temperature, and can avoid becoming abnormal pressure in the fuel tank 7 by the action of electric heater 26.
[embodiment 2]
With reference to Fig. 4 embodiment 2 is described.In addition, in following embodiment, the symbolic representation same function thing identical with embodiment 1.
Present embodiment 2 is, is substituted in the electric heater 26 (symbol is with reference to Fig. 1) shown in the foregoing description 1, utilizes the used heat (engine waste heat, cooling water heat, interstage cooler used heat etc.) of vehicle that the DME in the odd-side 22 are heated.
Particularly, in the present embodiment,, the heat exchanger 41 that imports the high temperature fluid of used heat is arranged in the odd-side 22 as heating machanism.This heat exchanger 41 carries out heat exchange by making the DME that flow through in inner high temperature fluid and the odd-side 22, thus the DME in the heating odd-side 22, make thus fuel tank 7 in press the liquefaction that rises and realize DME.
As an example of the high temperature fluid that is imported into heat exchanger 41, the cooling water of the high temperature side of motor, the EGR gas that returns to suction tude by the supercharging gas of pressurized machine pressurization with from outlet pipe etc. are arranged.Promptly, by making heat exchanger 41 play the effect of the part of radiator cooling water delivery heat exchanger 41, make heat exchanger 41 play the effect of interstage cooler by the supercharging conductance being gone into heat exchanger 41, by making heat exchanger 41 play the effect of cooler for recycled exhaust gas EGR gas delivery heat exchanger 41.
When the liquid fuel in the high temperature fluid heating odd-side 22 that is imported into heat exchanger 41, the DME in the odd-side 22 accepts this heat and gasification.When this DME gasification, its heat of vaporization convection current over-heat-exchanger 41 interior high temperature fluids efficiently cools off.In other words, even the heat exchanger 41 that carries in the odd-side 22 is small-sized, also can heat the fuel in the odd-side 22 efficiently.And,, therefore can realize improving output, the minimizing waste gas of motor owing to cooled off efficiently as engine cooling water, pressurized machine, the EGR gas of high temperature fluid.
In addition, in the above embodiments 1, the method that adds heat as the fuel in the control odd-side 22, energising to electric heater 26 is controlled, but in the present embodiment, be arranged on by 4 pairs of control gear the aperture of the amount adjusting valve 43 on the pipe arrangement 42 of high temperature fluid delivery heat exchanger 41 is controlled, thus the heat that adds of the fuel in the odd-side 22 is controlled.
And, in present embodiment 2, abolish at the fuel changing valve 19 (symbol is with reference to Fig. 1) shown in the embodiment 1, and the interior pressure that valve presses pressure regulation reflow pipe 12 of opening by safety check 13 and safety valve 25.That is, the interior pressure of reflow pipe 12 is decided by the setting pressure of safety check 13 and the pressure in the fuel tank 7.Therefore, safety valve 25 becomes final pressure setting mechanism.And, pressure in fuel tank 7 rise to safety valve 25 open under the situation that valve presses or reflow pipe 12 in press liter, pressure that safety check 13 leaves valve and fuel tank 7 in rises under the situation of opening the valve pressure of safety valve 25, safety valve 25 leaves valve to prevent abnormal pressure.
[embodiment 3]
With reference to Fig. 5 embodiment 3 is described
In the foregoing description 1, represented example that odd-side 22 and main tank 21 are provided with independently.
Relative therewith, in present embodiment 3, odd-side 22 is arranged on the inside of main tank 21.Particularly, the dividing plate 44 of the inside of dividing main tank 21 is set in the inside of main tank 21, and the odd-side 22 of little volume is set in the inside of main tank 21.
Dividing plate 44 is adiabatic structure, and its heat that is set to suppress the fuel in the odd-side 22 conducts to the fuel in the main tank 21.
Dividing plate 44 top significantly opening and with main tank 21 in and odd-side 22 in the connection, the opening on the top of dividing plate 44 is equivalent to gas communication portion 23.And dividing plate 44 is provided with little through hole in the bottom, and this through hole is equivalent to fluid connection portion 24.
Shown in present embodiment 3,, therefore can make fuel tank 7 compactnesses, and can improve lift-launch to vehicle owing to dividing plate 44 being set in the inside of main tank 21 and constituting odd-side 22.In addition, the same with embodiment 2, abolished fuel changing valve 19 (symbol is with reference to Fig. 1).
[embodiment 4]
With reference to Fig. 6 embodiment 4 is described.
In the foregoing description 1, represented to use example with transfer pump 5 and high-pressure service pump 6 incorporate supply pumps 1.
Relative therewith, present embodiment 4 is abolished transfer pump 5, and carries electric fuel pump 45 in fuel tank 7.
Electric fuel pump 45 can use the miniature pump that uses in petrol engine, therefore and the DME that will be liquefied by the exert pressure of fuel vapour in fuel tank 7 further is pressurized to about 300kPa and is transported to high-pressure service pump 6, can make fuel pressures in the fuel distribution tube 8 be higher than pressure in the fuel tank 7 always.
By adopting this electric fuel pump 45, can make fuel pressures in the fuel distribution tube 8 be higher than pressure in the fuel tank 7 always, the fuel of the fuel suction side of high-pressure service pump 6 can be remained liquefaction thus.
In the foregoing description 1,, the pressure of the fuel suction side of high-pressure service pump 6 need be remained on more than the saturation vapour pressure of DME for the fuel with the fuel suction side of high-pressure service pump 6 remains liquefaction.But, in the present embodiment,, just the fuel of the fuel suction side of high-pressure service pump 6 can be remained liquefaction by remaining on more than the saturation vapour pressure in the fuel tank 7, therefore can reduce the pressure in the fuel tank 7, and can suppress the power consumption of electric heater 26.
And,, can cooperate the load condition ground of motor that DME is delivered to high-pressure service pump 6, and can expect the effect of improving of specific fuel consumption by using electronic transfer pump 45.
[embodiment 5]
With reference to Fig. 7 embodiment 5 is described.
In the foregoing description 1～4, thereby represented the DME in the fuel tank 7 is heated the example that improves the pressure in the fuel tank 7.
Relative therewith, present embodiment 5 has been abolished heating machanism, and uses the mechanism of supplying gas, and supplies with forced air by this mechanism of supplying gas in the fuel tank 7 of accumulating DME, thereby the interior voltage rise of fuel tank 7 is pressed.
Particularly, in the present embodiment, the air pump 46 that has utilized pneumatic braking device to use as an example of the mechanism of supplying gas.
And, in embodiment 1～4, the DME that (is specially in the odd-side 22) in the control fuel tank 7 adds heat and controls pressure in the fuel tank 7, but in the present embodiment, be arranged on by 4 pairs of control gear high-pressure air is controlled from the aperture that air pump 46 (be specially air tank in) imports the air pressure regulator valve 48 on the pipe arrangement 47 in the fuel tank 7, control the pressure in the fuel tank 7 thus.In addition, be arranged on the safety check 49 of fuel tank 7 sides of pipe arrangement 47, prevent that the pressure in the fuel tank 7 from leaking into the outside by pipe arrangement 47.
In addition, in the present embodiment, in fuel tank 7 sides of reflow pipe 12 fuel reflux cooler 50 is set, it is set to reduce the fuel temperature that turns back in the fuel tank 7.This fuel reflux cooler 50 is the same with above-mentioned fuel cooler 27, is to import the mechanism that cooling fluids such as cold and hot refrigeration agent that cooling water, the air-cooling system of the low temperature side of motor uses, vehicle to run wind cool off DME.
Because by adopting present embodiment 5, can not need in embodiment 1～4 disclosed odd-side 22, therefore can suppress cost.
And, by the high pressure of giving by air pump 46, the pressure that comparable embodiment 1～4 improves in the fuel tank 7, by being imparted to the high pressure in the fuel tank 7, can be with the fuel supply in the fuel tank 7 to high-pressure service pump 6.Thus, disclosed transfer pump 5 or electric fuel pump 45 in embodiment 1～4 can be abolished, also cost can be suppressed thus.
And,, therefore can improve starting performance owing to, can when starting, DME be transported to high-pressure service pump 6 by the high-pressure air of accumulation of energy in air tank.
[embodiment 6]
With reference to Fig. 8 embodiment 6 is described.
In the foregoing description 1～5, represented the pressure in the fuel tank 7 is controlled so that make the fuel of the fuel suction side of high-pressure service pump 6 become the example of liquid condition
Relative therewith, present embodiment 6 is more than the saturated vapor pressure of DME with the pressure control in the fuel tank 7, so that make the DME in the fuel tank 7 become liquid condition.Particularly, present embodiment 6 is, in the foregoing description 1, is more than the saturation vapour pressure of DME with the pressure control in the fuel tank 7, so that make the DME in the fuel tank 7 become liquid condition.Certainly, also can make up with other embodiment.
When implementing this control, the unfavorable condition of generation is, from fuel tank 7 to the fuel distribution tube 8 of high-pressure service pump 6 conveying DME, DME from around be heated and gasify.Therefore, in the present embodiment, the fuel supply cooler 51 of the usefulness that prevents to gasify is set, the unfavorable condition of avoiding DME in fuel distribution tube 8, to gasify on fuel distribution tube 8.
In addition, fuel supply cooler 51 is the same with above-mentioned fuel cooler 27, is to import the mechanism that cooling fluids such as cold and hot refrigeration agent that cooling water, the air-cooling system of the low temperature side of motor uses, vehicle to run wind cool off DME.
In present embodiment 6, owing to get final product, therefore can reduce the pressure in the fuel tank 7, and can suppress the power consumption of electric heater 26 remaining on more than the saturation vapour pressure in the fuel tank 7.
[variation]
In the above-described embodiment, DME is represented as an example of supercritical fuel, but the present invention also be suitable for to use other the fuel injection system of DME, for example methane, ethane, propane, butane etc. that gasifies easily and have that high pressure steam presses at low temperature.

Claims (2)

1. a fuel injection device for supercritical fuel for using the vehicle fuel injection apparatus of supercritical fuel, is characterized in that,
This fuel injection system has the mechanism of supplying gas, and this mechanism of supplying gas supplies with forced air in the fuel tank of accumulating supercritical fuel, and the interior voltage rise of above-mentioned fuel tank is pressed.
2. fuel injection device for supercritical fuel as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that,
The above-mentioned mechanism of supplying gas is the pneumatic braking device air pump.
CN2009102076930A 2006-08-11 2007-08-10 Fuel injection device for supercritical fuel Expired - Fee Related CN101699056B (en)

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